PELOTON INTERACTIVE, INC. (PTON)

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As discussed in the section titled "Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements," the following discussion and analysis contains forward looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other important factors that, if they never materialize or prove incorrect, could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below and those discussed in the section titled "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

A discussion of our results of operations for our fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 compared to the year ended June 30, 2022 is included our Annual

Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on August 23, 2023 (File No. 001-39058) under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Overview

Peloton is a leading global fitness company with a highly engaged community of over 6.4 million Members as of June 30, 2024. A category innovator at the nexus of fitness, technology, and media, Peloton's first-of-its-kind subscription platform seamlessly combines innovative hardware, distinctive software, and exclusive content. Its world-renowned Instructors coach and motivate Members to be the best version of themselves anytime, anywhere. We define a “Member” as any individual who has a Peloton account through a paid Connected Fitness Subscription or a paid Peloton App Subscription, and completes 1 or more workouts in the trailing 12 month period. We define a completed workout as either completing at least 50% of an Instructor-led class, Scenic ride, run, or row, or ten or more minutes of “Just Ride”, “Just Run”, or “Just Row” mode.

Our Connected Fitness Products portfolio includes the Peloton Bike, Bike+, Tread, Tread+, Guide, and Row. Access to the Peloton App is available with an All-Access or Guide Membership for Members who have Connected Fitness Products or through a standalone App Membership with multiple Membership tiers. Our revenue is generated primarily from recurring Subscription revenue and the sale of our Connected Fitness Products. We define a “Paid Connected Fitness Subscription” as a person, household, or commercial property, such as a hotel or residential building, who has paid for a subscription to a Connected Fitness Product (a Connected Fitness Subscription with a successful credit card billing or with prepaid subscription credits or waivers).

Our financial profile has been characterized by strong retention, recurring revenue, and efficient customer acquisition. Our low Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn, together with our high Subscription Gross Profit and Subscription Contribution Margin, yields an attractive lifetime value (“LTV”) for our Connected Fitness Subscriptions well in excess of our customer acquisition costs (“CAC”). Maintaining an attractive LTV/CAC ratio is a primary goal of our customer acquisition strategy.

Fourth Quarter Fiscal 2024 Update and Recent Developments

Product Innovation

We recently launched Find Friends to enhance our platform’s community building potential beyond the leaderboard. New and prospective members may now connect with their existing network. This and other social features launching soon are designed to enhance the member experience with organic, community-based motivation. We expect these social features to drive member retention and organic acquisition over time.

Peloton for Business

Peloton for Business is focused on bringing Peloton to commercial settings, including gyms, to meet customers wherever they workout. In June we launched a pilot with the YMCA of Metropolitan Chicago focused on bringing Peloton to the gym in a holistic way. This includes more than 100 Bike+ and Rows across 15 locations in the metropolitan Chicago area and integrating the Peloton App membership's compelling content library with over 16 modalities into the YMCA membership. We plan to leverage this partnership to gather insights for potential future gym-focused initiatives.

Building on the success of our existing Lululemon content licensing arrangement, which has delivered incremental subscription revenue and subscription margin accretion, we announced a multi-year content licensing agreement with Google Fitbit last week to offer a wide portfolio of Peloton classes in the US, the UK, Canada and Australia. Fitbit will distribute best-in-class Peloton content to the highly engaged user base on Fitbit’s app. Peloton Members will also receive special offers on Google Pixel Watch and Fitbit Charge 6 devices.

Member Experience

Member satisfaction scores (“MSAT”) show that our investments in improving Member experience when they contact Peloton for customer support are driving significant improvements. We’ve steadily improved the average MSAT every month since December 2023, from 3.4 to 4.1, an increase of 22% over that time period.

Debt Refinancing

In May 2024, we successfully concluded a refinancing of our balance sheet, accomplishing the goals of deleveraging and extending our maturities with more flexible terms at a reasonable cost of capital. We decreased debt by roughly $200 million and our average maturity has been extended to 2029. Refer to Note 12 - Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Restructuring

In February 2022, we announced and began implementing a restructuring plan to realign our operational focus to support our multi-year growth, scale the business, and improve costs (the “2022 Restructuring Plan”). The 2022 Restructuring Plan originally included: (i) reducing our headcount; (ii) closing several assembly and manufacturing plants, including the completion and subsequent sale of the shell facility for our previously planned Peloton Output Park; (iii) closing and consolidating several distribution facilities; and (iv) shifting to third-party logistics providers in certain locations.

In fiscal year 2023 we continued to take actions to implement the 2022 Restructuring Plan. In July 2022, we announced we were exiting all owned-manufacturing operations and expanding our current relationship with a Taiwanese manufacturer, Rexon Industrial Corporation. Additionally, in August 2022, we announced our decision to (i) fully transition our North American Field Operations to third-party providers, including the significant reduction of our delivery workforce teams; (ii) eliminate a significant number of roles on the North America Member Support team and exit our real-estate footprints in our Plano and Tempe locations; and (iii) reduce our retail showroom presence. In January 2024, we completed the sale of the Peloton Output Park building and a portion of the corresponding land and received net proceeds of approximately $31.9 million.

On April 22, 2024, our Board of Directors approved a new restructuring plan to expand upon its 2022 Restructuring Plan (as expanded, the “2024 Restructuring Plan”). We believe that the 2024 Restructuring Plan will position Peloton for sustained, positive free cash flow, while enabling the Company to continue to invest in software, hardware and content innovation, improvements to its Member support experience, and optimizations to marketing efforts to scale the business. The 2024 Restructuring Plan includes: (i) a reduction in global headcount by approximately 15%, which impacted roughly 400 Peloton team members; and (ii) continued closures of our retail locations. We expect the majority of the 2024 Restructuring Plan to be implemented by the end of fiscal 2025.

Total charges related to the 2022 Restructuring Plan were as follows:

Total charges related to the 2024 Restructuring Plan were as follows:

We have made progress in achieving goals in our restructuring initiatives. For example, we have reduced our negative Net cash used in operating activities from $(387.6) million in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 to $(66.1) million in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. We also have reduced our negative Free Cash Flow from $(470.0) million in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 to $(85.8) million in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. Total operating expenses (excluding Impairment expense, Restructuring expense, and Supplier settlements) decreased 8% year-

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over-year in fiscal year 2024 and we continue our work in looking for additional efficiencies. We have also continued to close retail showrooms and we will continue optimizing our showroom footprint over the course of fiscal year 2025. Throughout fiscal year 2025, we expect further improvements in the above as well as a number of other measures by which we measure the success of our restructuring initiatives.

In connection with the 2024 Restructuring Plan, which includes any remaining restructuring activity under the original 2022 Restructuring Plan, we estimate that we will incur additional cash charges of approximately $40.0 million, primarily composed of lease termination and other exit costs, the majority of which are expected to be incurred by the end of fiscal year 2025. Additionally, we expect to recognize additional non-cash charges of approximately $20.0 million, primarily composed of non-inventory asset impairment charges on retail showrooms in connection with the 2024 Restructuring Plan, the majority of which are expected to be incurred by the end of fiscal year 2025.

Upon full implementation, we expect the plan to result in reduced annual run-rate expenses by more than $200 million by the end of fiscal year 2025.

We do not believe these cost-saving measures will impair our ability to conduct any of our key business functions. However, we may not be able to realize the cost savings and benefits initially anticipated as a result of the 2022 Restructuring Plan and the 2024 Restructuring Plan, and costs may be greater than expected. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—We may not successfully execute or achieve the expected benefits of our restructuring initiatives and other cost-saving measures we may take in the future, and our efforts may result in further actions and/or additional asset impairment charges and adversely affect our business.”

Tread+ Product Recall Return Reserves and Cost Estimates

In May 2021, we announced a voluntary recall of our Tread+ product in collaboration with the CPSC and halted sales of this product to work on product enhancements. Members were notified that they could return their Tread+ for a full refund, or wait until a solution was available. In collaboration with the CPSC, on May 18, 2023, we jointly announced approval of a rear guard repair for the recalled Tread+. We have made this rear guard available to our Members who continue to own a Tread+ and during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, we resumed deliveries of the Tread+ from our existing inventory with the rear guard installed.

As a result of the Tread+ recall, we recognized a (benefit)/reduction to Connected Fitness Products revenue for actual and estimated future returns of $(4.5) million, $14.6 million, and $48.9 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Return reserves related to the impacts of the Tread+ recall of $6.7 million and $24.4 million were included within Accounts payable and accrued expenses in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, respectively. Accruals for costs associated with the Tread+ repair of $4.1 million and $10.0 million were included within Accounts payable and accrued expenses in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, respectively. During the same period, we recognized accruals of for the cost associated with the Tread+ rear guard repair based on an amount that was deemed probable and reasonably estimable.

Recall charges are based upon estimates associated with our expected and historical consumer response rates. Actual costs related to this matter may vary from the estimate, and may result in further impacts to our future results of operations and business. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Connected Fitness Products and Members—We may be subject to warranty claims that could result in significant direct or indirect costs, or we could experience greater product returns than expected, either of which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.”

Bike Seat Post Recall

In May 2023, in collaboration with the CPSC, we announced a voluntary recall of the original Peloton Bike (not Bike+) sold in the U.S. from January 2018 to May 2023 related to its seat post, and we are offering Members a free replacement seat post as the approved repair. As a result of this recall, the Company recognized $(5.5) million and $48.4 million for the (benefits) costs to replace the bike seat posts based on an amount that was deemed probable and reasonably estimable, reflected in Connected Fitness Products cost of revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. As of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, accruals of $1.2 million and $42.2 million, respectively, were included within Accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the recall. The estimated cost to replace the bike seat posts is primarily based on the estimated number of requests for seat posts and the estimated costs of the production and shipment of the replacement parts.

We may continue to incur additional costs beyond what we have currently estimated to be probable and estimable, including if the number of reported incidents materially increases. See “Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Connected Fitness Products and Members — Our products and services may be affected from time to time by design and manufacturing defects or product safety issues, real or perceived, that could adversely affect our business and result in harm to our reputation.”

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Key Operational and Business Metrics

In addition to the measures presented in our consolidated financial statements, we use the following key operational and business metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, develop financial forecasts, and make strategic decisions.

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(1) New reporting metric, effective as of the beginning of fiscal year 2024, replaced Ending Connected Fitness Subscriptions. See Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscriptions definition below.

(2) New reporting metric, effective as of the beginning of fiscal year 2024, replaced Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn. See Average Net Monthly Paid Connected Fitness Subscription Churn definition below. Includes metrics that were not available during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.

(3) This metric, effective as of the beginning of fiscal year 2024, is reported on a go-forward basis as it includes App One and App+ subscriptions that were not available during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.

(4) Please see the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin” for a reconciliation of Subscription Gross Profit to Subscription Contribution and an explanation of why we consider Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin to be helpful measures for investors.

(5) Please see the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Adjusted EBITDA” for a reconciliation of Net loss to Adjusted EBITDA and an explanation of why we consider Adjusted EBITDA to be a helpful measure for investors.

(6) Please see the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Free Cash Flow” for a reconciliation of net cash used in operating activities to Free Cash Flow and an explanation of why we consider Free Cash Flow to be a helpful measure for investors.

Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscriptions

Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscriptions includes all Connected Fitness Subscriptions for which we are currently receiving payment (a successful credit card billing or prepaid subscription credit or waiver). Prior to fiscal year 2024, we included a Connected Fitness Subscription that is paused for up to three months as a Connected Fitness Subscription. Because there is no payment on a paused subscription, effective as of the beginning of fiscal year 2024, we no longer include paused Connected Fitness Subscriptions in our Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscription count.

Average Net Monthly Paid Connected Fitness Subscription Churn

To align with the definition of Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscriptions above, our quarterly Average Net Monthly Paid Connected Fitness Subscription Churn is calculated as follows: Paid Connected Fitness Subscriber “churn count” in the quarter, divided by the average number of beginning Paid Connected Fitness Subscribers each month, divided by three months. “Churn count” is defined as quarterly Connected Fitness Subscription churn events minus Connected Fitness Subscription unpause events minus Connected Fitness Subscription reactivations.

We refer to any cancellation or pausing of a subscription for our All-Access Membership as a churn event. Because we do not receive payment for paused Connected Fitness Subscriptions, a paused Connected Fitness Subscription is now treated as a churn event at the time the pause goes into effect, which is the start of the next billing cycle. An unpause event occurs when a pause period elapses without a cancellation and the Connected Fitness Subscription resumes, and is therefore counted as a reduction in our churn count in that period. Consistent with our previous practice, our churn count is shown net of reactivations and our new quarterly Average Net Monthly Paid Connected Fitness Subscription Churn metric averages the monthly Connected Fitness churn percentage across the three months of the reported quarter.

Prior to fiscal year 2024, we reported Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn, which is defined as Connected Fitness Subscription cancellations, net of reactivations, in the quarter, divided by the average number of beginning Connected Fitness Subscriptions in each month, divided by three months. This metric does not treat a pause of a Connected Fitness Subscription as a churn event. When a Connected Fitness Subscription payment method fails, we communicate with our Members to update their payment method and make multiple attempts over several days to charge the payment method on file and reactivate the subscription. We cancel a Member's Connected Fitness Subscription when it remains unpaid for two days after their billing cycle date.

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Furthermore, we have reported our Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn metric net of reactivations. Under this metric, a Connected Fitness Subscriber that cancels their membership (a churn event) and resubscribes in a subsequent period is considered a reactivation and is counted as a reduction in our churn count in the period during which the Subscriber resubscribes. These metrics do not include data related to our App One Subscribers and App+ Subscribers.

Ending Paid App Subscriptions

Ending Paid App Subscriptions include all App One and App+ subscriptions for which we are currently receiving payment.

Average Monthly Paid App Subscription Churn

When a Subscriber to App One or App+ cancels their membership (a churn event) and resubscribes in a subsequent period, the resubscription is considered a new subscription (rather than a reactivation that is counted as a reduction in our churn count). Average Paid App Subscription Churn is calculated as follows: Paid App Subscription cancellations in the quarter, divided by the average number of beginning Paid App Subscriptions each month, divided by three months.

Components of our Results of Operations

Revenue

Connected Fitness Products

Connected Fitness Products revenue consists of sales of our portfolio of Connected Fitness Products and related accessories, as well as Precor branded fitness products, delivery and installation services, rental lease arrangements, extended warranty agreements, branded apparel, and commercial service contracts. Connected Fitness Products revenue is recognized at the time of delivery, except for extended warranty revenue that is recognized over the warranty period and service revenue that is recognized over the term, and is recorded net of sales returns and concessions, discounts and allowances, and third-party financing program fees, when applicable.

Subscription

Subscription revenue primarily consists of revenue generated from our Connected Fitness Subscription and Peloton App Subscription, which are offered on a month-to-month or prepaid basis.

As of June 30, 2024, 99% and 84% of our Connected Fitness Subscription and Paid App Subscription bases, respectively, were paying month-to-month.

If a Connected Fitness Subscription owns multiple, different Peloton Connected Fitness Products (e.g. owns a Peloton Bike and Peloton Tread) in the same household, the price of the Subscription remains $44 monthly. As of June 30, 2024, approximately 10% of our Connected Fitness Subscriptions owned multiple, different Connected Fitness Products.

Cost of revenue

Connected Fitness Products

Connected Fitness Products cost of revenue consists of our portfolio of Connected Fitness Products, related accessories, and branded apparel product costs, including third party manufacturing costs, duties and other applicable importing costs, shipping and handling costs, packaging, warranty replacement and service costs, fulfillment costs, warehousing costs, costs related to our commercial business, depreciation of property and equipment, and certain costs related to management, facilities, and personnel-related expenses associated with supply chain logistics. Inventory write-downs and related obsolescence reserve expense are also included within Connected Fitness Products cost of revenue.

Subscription

Subscription cost of revenue includes costs associated with content creation and costs to stream content to our Members. These costs consist of both fixed costs, including studio rent and occupancy, other studio overhead, Instructor and production personnel-related expenses, depreciation of property and equipment as well as variable costs, including music royalty fees, third-party platform streaming costs, and payment processing fees for our monthly subscription billings.

Operating expenses

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing expense consists of performance marketing media spend, asset creation, and other brand creative, costs to operate our retail showrooms including rent and occupancy charges, payment processing fees incurred in connection with the sale of our Connected Fitness Products, sales and marketing personnel-related expenses, expenses related to the Peloton App, and depreciation of property and equipment.

General and administrative

General and administrative expense includes personnel-related expenses and facilities-related costs primarily for our executive, finance, accounting, legal, human resources, IT functions and Member Support team. General and administrative expense also includes fees for professional services principally comprised of legal, audit, tax and accounting services, depreciation of property and equipment, and insurance, as well as litigation settlement costs.

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Research and development

Research and development expense primarily consists of personnel and facilities-related expenses, consulting and contractor expenses, tooling and prototype materials, software platform expenses, and depreciation of property and equipment. We capitalize certain qualified costs incurred in connection with the development of internal-use software that may also cause research and development expenses to vary from period to period.

Goodwill impairment

Goodwill impairment consists of non-cash impairment charges relating to goodwill. We review goodwill for impairment annually on April 1 and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment may exist. In conducting our annual impairment test, we first review qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If factors indicate that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we perform a quantitative assessment and the fair value of the reporting unit is determined by analyzing the expected present value of future cash flows. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss equal to the excess is recorded.

Impairment expense

Impairment expense consists of non-cash impairment charges relating to long-lived assets. Impairments are determined using management’s judgment about our anticipated ability to continue to use fixed assets in-service and under development, current economic and market conditions and their effects based on information available as of the date of these consolidated financial statements. Management disposes of fixed assets during the regular course of business due to damage, obsolescence, strategic shifts, and loss.

Additionally, long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If the carrying amount of an asset group exceeds its estimated undiscounted net future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds its fair value.

Restructuring expense

Restructuring expense consists of severance and other personnel costs, including stock-based compensation expense, professional services, facility closures and other costs associated with exit and disposal activities.

Supplier settlements

Supplier settlements are payments made to third-party suppliers to terminate certain future inventory purchase commitments.

Non-operating income and expenses

Other expense, net

Other expense, net consists of interest (expense) income, unrealized and realized gains (losses) on investments, net gains relating to our refinancing activities, and foreign exchange gains (losses).

Income tax provision

The provision for income taxes consists primarily of income taxes related to state and international taxes for jurisdictions in which we conduct business. We maintain a valuation allowance on the majority of our deferred tax assets as we have concluded that it is more likely than not that the deferred assets will not be utilized.

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Results of Operations

The following tables set forth our consolidated results of operations in dollars and as a percentage of total revenue for the periods presented. The period-to-period comparisons of our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future.

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(1) Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows:

During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, in connection with the CEO transition, we recognized stock-based compensation expense of $41.9 million for one year of accelerated vesting of stock options, which had an exercise price of $38.77 per share and a grant date fair value of approximately $167.6 million. In addition, we recognized incremental stock-based compensation expense of $5.4 million for the modification of stock option awards related to extension of the exercise window through December 31, 2027. These expenses were recognized within General and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

On July 1, 2022, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Compensation Committee”) approved accelerating the vesting requirement for unvested restricted stock units held by certain employees by one year. This applied to eligible unvested restricted stock units that had more than eight quarterly vesting dates remaining in their vesting schedule. The acceleration resulted in approximately $35.6 million of stock-based compensation expense being pulled forward and recognized in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. Additionally, on July 1, 2022, the Compensation Committee approved a one-time repricing of certain stock option awards that had been granted to date under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”). The repricing impacted stock options held by all employees who remained employed through July 25, 2022. The repricing did not apply to our U.S.-based hourly employees (or employees with equivalent roles in non-U.S. locations) or our C-level executives. The modification resulted in incremental stock-based compensation expense of $21.9 million in the aggregate.

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(2) Includes depreciation and amortization expense as follows:

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Comparison of the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Revenue

Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Connected Fitness Products revenue decreased $138.4 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was primarily attributable to fewer Bike, Accessory, and Row deliveries driven by less demand, partially offset by higher demand from our rental program and Tread+.

Subscription revenue increased $38.7 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This increase was primarily attributable to incremental revenue from content licensing that was not in effect during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin

Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Connected Fitness Products cost of revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 decreased $385.8 million, or 29.0%, compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was primarily driven by fewer deliveries stemming from lower demand for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

Our Connected Fitness Products Gross Margin increased to 4.9% from (17.6)% for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, primarily driven by lower net costs associated with product recall related matters, a decrease in inventory write downs and related obsolescence reserve expense, and lower shipping and logistics costs. Our extended warranty business did not have a material impact on our year-over-year change in Connected Fitness Products Gross Margin.

Subscription cost of revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 increased $3.1 million, or 0.6%, compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This increase was primarily driven by increases in platform streaming and content productions costs of $8.7 million and increases in personnel related expenses of $7.1 million, partially offset by a decrease of $7.2 million in music royalties, a decrease in stock-based compensation expense, and a decrease in depreciation and amortization expenses.

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Subscription Gross Margin remained consistent for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

Operating Expenses

Sales and Marketing

Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Sales and marketing expense increased $10.8 million in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The increase was primarily due to an increase in spending on advertising and marketing programs of $74.1 million. This increase was partially offset by decreases in personnel-related expenses of $27.8 million, primarily due to decreased average headcount, decreases in rent and occupancy and other retail related costs of $16.2 million, primarily driven by a reduction in our retail showroom presence, decreases in stock-based compensation expense of $7.7 million, primarily driven by the acceleration of certain restricted stock unit vesting schedules and the repricing of certain stock option awards during the prior year, decreases in depreciation and amortization expense of $9.2 million, and decreases in business operations.

General and Administrative

Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

General and administrative expense decreased $147.1 million in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was driven by the $75.0 million Dish settlement during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 as well as reductions in professional services fees (comprised of legal, accounting, and consulting fees) of $45.2 million, personnel-related expenses of $18.0 million, primarily due to decreased average headcount, and decreases in IT and software expenses of $8.2 million. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in stock-based compensation expense of $9.9 million, primarily related to expense recognized in connection with the CEO transition, offset by the acceleration of certain restricted stock unit vesting schedules and the repricing of certain stock option awards during the prior year.

Research and Development

Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Research and development expense decreased $13.7 million, or 4.3% in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to decreases of $11.8 million in product development and research costs, decreases of $6.3 million in business operations, and decreases of $7.9 million in stock-based compensation expense, primarily driven by the acceleration of certain restricted stock unit vesting schedules and the repricing of certain stock option awards during the prior year. The decrease was partially

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offset by increases of $15.0 million in personnel-related expenses, as a result of a larger portion being capitalized during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

Impairment expense

Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Impairment expense decreased $87.3 million, or 60.4% in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was primarily driven by decreases in asset write-downs and write-offs related to restructuring initiatives.

Restructuring expense

Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Restructuring expense decreased $123.3 million in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, primarily related to decreases of $78.5 million in stock-based compensation expense, primarily due to incremental stock-based compensation expense from exercise window modifications and the acceleration of certain restricted stock unit vesting schedules pursuant to severance arrangements during the prior fiscal year and decreases of $48.6 million in cash severance and other personnel costs. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $3.7 million, primarily related to a loss on the sale of a manufacturing subsidiary.

Supplier settlements

Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Supplier settlements decreased $24.6 million in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. These costs, which consisted of settlement and related costs paid to third-party suppliers to terminate certain future inventory purchase commitments, were $22.0 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

Total Other Expense, Net and Income Tax (Benefit) Expense

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*NM - not meaningful

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Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Total other expense, net, was comprised of the following for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024:

•Interest expense primarily related to term loan, convertible notes, and deferred financing costs of $112.5 million;

•Interest income from cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments of $35.1 million;

•Foreign exchange losses were minimal;

•Other income, net of $0.7 million; and

•Net gain on debt refinancing of $53.6 million, related to the 2026 Notes gain on extinguishment of debt of $69.8 million, partially offset by the Term Loan loss on extinguishment of $7.5 million and modification of debt of $8.7 million.

Total other expense, net, was comprised of the following for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023:

•Interest expense primarily related to term loan, convertible notes, and deferred financing costs of $97.1 million;

•Interest income from cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments of $26.4 million;

•Foreign exchange gains of $7.0 million; and

•Other income, net of $2.9 million.

Income tax (benefit) expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 of $(0.2) million and $3.7 million, respectively, was primarily due to state and international taxes.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to our results determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP, we believe the following non-GAAP financial measures are useful in evaluating our operating performance.

Adjusted EBITDA

We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as net (loss) income adjusted to exclude: other expense (income), net; income tax expense (benefit); depreciation and amortization expense; stock-based compensation expense; goodwill impairment; impairment expense; product recall related matters; certain litigation and settlement expenses; transaction and integration costs; reorganization, severance, exit, disposal and other costs associated with restructuring plans; supplier settlements; and other adjustment items that arise outside the ordinary course of our business.

We use Adjusted EBITDA as a measure of operating performance and the operating leverage in our business. We believe that this non-GAAP financial measure is useful to investors for period-to-period comparisons of our business and in understanding and evaluating our operating results for the following reasons:

•Adjusted EBITDA is widely used by investors and securities analysts to measure a company’s operating performance without regard to items such as stock-based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization expense, other expense (income), net, and provision for income taxes that can vary substantially from company to company depending upon their financing, capital structures, and the method by which assets were acquired;

•Our management uses Adjusted EBITDA in conjunction with financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP for planning purposes, including the preparation of our annual operating budget, as a measure of our core operating results and the effectiveness of our business strategy, and in evaluating our financial performance; and

•Adjusted EBITDA provides consistency and comparability with our past financial performance, facilitates period-to-period comparisons of our core operating results, and may also facilitate comparisons with other peer companies, many of which use a similar non-GAAP financial measure to supplement their GAAP results.

Our use of Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider this measure in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our financial results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are, or may in the future be, as follows:

•Although depreciation and amortization expense are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements;

•Adjusted EBITDA excludes stock-based compensation expense, which has recently been, and will continue to be for the foreseeable future, a significant recurring expense for our business and an important part of our compensation strategy;

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect: (1) changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs; (2) interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our debt, which reduces cash available to us; or (3) tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us;

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect gains (losses) associated with refinancing efforts that we have determined are outside of the ordinary course of business and are nonrecurring, infrequent or unusual based on factors such as the nature and strategy of the refinancing, as well as our frequency and past practice of performing refinancing activities.

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect certain litigation expenses, consisting of legal settlements and related fees for specific proceedings that we have determined arise outside of the ordinary course of business and are nonrecurring, infrequent or unusual based on the following considerations which we assess regularly: (1) the frequency of similar cases that have been brought to date, or are expected to be brought within two years; (2) the complexity of the case; (3) the nature of the remedy(ies) sought, including the size of any

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monetary damages sought; (4) offensive versus defensive posture of us; (5) the counterparty involved; and (6) our overall litigation strategy. Following a change in practice beginning during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, we no longer adjust adjusted EBITDA for costs from new patent litigation or consumer arbitration claims, unless we consider the matter to be nonrecurring, infrequent or unusual. We continue to adjust adjusted EBITDA for historical patent infringement and consumer arbitration claims that were determined, prior to our change in practice, to be nonrecurring, infrequent, or unusual;

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect transaction and integration costs related to acquisitions;

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect impairment charges for goodwill and fixed assets, and gains (losses) on disposals for fixed assets;

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the impact of purchase accounting adjustments to inventory related to the Precor acquisition;

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect costs associated with certain product recall related matters including adjustments to the return reserves, inventory write-downs, logistics costs associated with Member requests, the cost to move the recalled product for those that elect the option, subscription waiver costs of service, and recall-related hardware development and repair costs. We make adjustments for product recall related matters that we have determined arise outside of the ordinary course of business and are nonrecurring, infrequent or unusual based on factors including the nature of the product recall, our experience with similar product recalls at the time of such assessment, the impacts on us of the recall remedy and associated logistics, supply chain, and other externalities, as well as the expected consumer demand for such a remedy, and operational complexities in the design, regulatory approval and deployment of a remedy;

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect reorganization, severance, exit, disposal, and other costs associated with restructuring plans;

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect nonrecurring supplier settlements that are outside of the ordinary course of business and are nonrecurring, infrequent or unusual based on factors such as the nature of the settlements, as well as our frequency and past practice of performing refinancing activities; and

•The expenses and other items that we exclude in our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA may differ from the expenses and other items, if any, that other companies may exclude from Adjusted EBITDA when they report their operating results and we may, in the future, exclude other significant, unusual expenses or other items from this financial measure. Because companies in our industry may calculate this measure differently than we do, its usefulness as a comparative measure can be limited.

Because of these limitations, Adjusted EBITDA should be considered along with other operating and financial performance measures presented in accordance with GAAP.

The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to Net loss, the most directly comparable financial measure prepared in accordance with GAAP, for each of the periods indicated:

Adjusted EBITDA

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(1) Primarily consists of Interest expense of $112.5 million, $97.1 million, (43.0), and Interest income of $35.1 million, $26.4 million, $2.3 million, for the for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(2) Represents the net charge resulting from our May 2024 refinancing efforts. The Company has not demonstrated a past practice of refinancing its previously issued and secured debt obligations, and considers these charges incurred in order to perform this refinancing to be nonrecurring, infrequent, unusual, and outside the ordinary of business.

(3) Represents charges incurred in connection with the 2022 Restructuring Plan and 2024 Restructuring plan, refer to Note 4 - Restructuring in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(4) Represents supplier settlements entered into during fiscal years 2022 and 2023 with various third-party suppliers to align our inventory levels with then-current levels of decreased demand linked to our COVID-19 demand which was considered an unusual, one-time effort to evaluate and adjust our then-forecasted inventory needs.

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(5) Represents adjustments and charges primarily associated with our Tread+ and Bike Seat Post product recall related matters, as well as accrual adjustments. These include recorded (benefits) costs in Connected Fitness Products cost of revenue associated with recall related matters of $(9.5) million, $64.1 million, and $8.1 million, adjustments to Connected Fitness Products revenue for actual and estimated future returns of $(4.5) million, $14.6 million and $48.9 million, and operating expenses of zero, $2.3 million and $5.4 million associated with recall-related hardware development costs, in each case for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(6) Includes litigation-related expenses for certain patent infringement litigation, consumer arbitration, and product recalls for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, that arise outside of the ordinary course of business and are nonrecurring, infrequent, or unusual. Includes Dish settlement accrual of $75.0 million, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, which was considered significantly more complex than routine intellectual property claims and, in addition to seeking monetary damages or other more typical remedies from a district court, also sought an order from the International Trade Commission to broadly prohibit the Company from the sale, distribution, marketing, transferring, or advertising in the United States of products that had the infringing functionality installed on them, and the importation of products unless they were deemed non-infringing by the International Trade Commission and/or U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Also includes other litigation-related expenses and settlements for certain patent infringement litigation, securities litigation, and consumer arbitration for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, that arose outside of the ordinary course of business and were nonrecurring, infrequent, or unusual.

Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin

We define “Subscription Contribution” as Subscription revenue less cost of Subscription revenue, adjusted to exclude from cost of Subscription revenue, depreciation and amortization expense, and stock-based compensation expense. Subscription Contribution Margin is calculated by dividing Subscription Contribution by Subscription revenue.

We use Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin to measure our ability to scale and leverage the costs of our Connected Fitness Subscriptions. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors for period-to-period comparisons of our business and in understanding and evaluating our operating results because our management uses Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin in conjunction with financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP for planning purposes, including the preparation of our annual operating budget, as a measure of our core operating results and the effectiveness of our business strategy, and in evaluating our financial performance.

The use of Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin as analytical tools has limitations, and you should not consider these in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our financial results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are as follows:

•Although depreciation and amortization expense are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin do not reflect cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements; and

•Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin exclude stock-based compensation expense, which has recently been, and will continue to be for the foreseeable future, a significant recurring expense for our business and an important part of our compensation strategy.

Because of these limitations, Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin should be considered along with other operating and financial performance measures presented in accordance with GAAP.

The following table presents a reconciliation of Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin to Subscription Gross Profit and Subscription Gross Margin, respectively, which are the most directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, for each of the periods indicated:

We believe continued growth of our Connected Fitness Subscription base will allow us to improve our Subscription Contribution Margin. While there are variable costs, including music royalties, associated with our Connected Fitness Subscriptions, a significant portion of our content creation costs are fixed given that we operate with a limited number of production studios and Instructors. We expect the fixed nature of those expenses to scale over time as we grow our Connected Fitness Subscription base.

Free Cash Flow

We define Free Cash Flow as Net cash used in operating activities less capital expenditures and capitalized internal-use software development costs. Free cash flow reflects an additional way of viewing our liquidity that, we believe, when viewed with our GAAP results, provides

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management, investors, and other users of our financial information with a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our cash flows.

The use of Free Cash Flow as an analytical tool has limitations due to the fact that it does not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures. For example, Free Cash Flow does not incorporate payments made for purchases of marketable securities, business combinations and asset acquisitions. Because of these limitations, Free Cash Flow should be considered along with other operating and financial performance measures presented in accordance with GAAP.

The following table presents a reconciliation of Free Cash Flow to Net cash used in operating activities, the most directly comparable financial measure prepared in accordance with GAAP, for each of the periods indicated:

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our operations have been funded primarily through net proceeds from the sales of our equity and convertible debt securities, and term loan, as well as cash flows from operating activities. As of June 30, 2024, we had Cash and cash equivalents of approximately $697.6 million.

We anticipate capital expenditures over the next 12 months to include investments in product development, content and our studios, and systems implementation.

We believe our existing cash and cash equivalent balances and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs for the next 12 months and beyond. Our future capital requirements may vary materially from those currently planned and will depend on many factors, including our rate of revenue growth, timing to adjust our supply chain and cost structures in response to material fluctuations in product demand, timing and amount of spending related to acquisitions, the timing and amount of spending on research and development and manufacturing initiatives, the timing and financial impact of product recalls, sales and marketing activities, the timing of new product introductions, market acceptance of our Connected Fitness Products, timing and investments needed for international expansion, and overall economic conditions. To the extent that current and anticipated future sources of liquidity are insufficient to fund our future business activities and requirements, we may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing. The sale of additional equity would result in further dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of debt financing would result in debt service obligations and the instruments governing such debt could provide for operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations. There can be no assurances that we will be able to raise additional capital. The inability to raise capital would adversely affect our ability to achieve our business objectives.

Restructuring

In February 2022, we announced and began implementing the 2022 Restructuring Plan to realign our operational focus to support our multi-year growth, scale the business, and improve costs. The 2022 Restructuring Plan originally included: (i) reducing our headcount; (ii) closing several assembly and manufacturing plants, including the completion and subsequent sale of the shell facility for our previously planned Peloton Output Park; (iii) closing and consolidating several distribution facilities; and (iv) shifting to third-party logistics providers in certain locations.

In fiscal year 2023, we continued to take actions to implement the 2022 Restructuring Plan. In July 2022, we announced we were exiting all owned-manufacturing operations and expanding our relationship with a Taiwanese manufacturer, Rexon Industrial Corporation. Additionally, in August 2022, we announced our decision to (i) fully transition our North American Field Operations to third-party providers, including the significant reduction of our delivery workforce teams; (ii) eliminate a significant number of roles on the North America Member Support team and exit our real-estate footprints in our Plano and Tempe locations; and (iii) reduce our retail showroom presence. In January 2024, we completed the sale of the Peloton Output Park building and a portion of the corresponding land and received net proceeds of approximately $31.9 million.

On April 22, 2024, our Board of Directors approved a new restructuring plan to expand upon its 2022 Restructuring Plan (as expanded, the “2024 Restructuring Plan”). The 2024 Restructuring Plan will position us for sustained, positive free cash flow, while enabling us to continue to invest in software, hardware and content innovation, improvements to its Member support experience, and optimizations to marketing efforts to scale the business. The 2024 Restructuring Plan includes: (i) a reduction in global headcount; and (ii) continued closures of our retail locations. We expect the majority of the 2024 Restructuring Plan to be implemented by the end of fiscal 2025.

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Total charges related to the 2022 Restructuring Plan were as follows:

Total charges related to the 2024 Restructuring Plan were as follows:

In connection with the 2024 Restructuring Plan, which includes any remaining restructuring activity under the original 2022 Restructuring Plan, we estimate that we will incur additional cash charges of approximately $40.0 million, primarily composed of lease termination and other exit costs, the majority of which are expected to be incurred by the end of fiscal year 2025. Additionally, we expect to recognize additional non-cash charges of approximately $20.0 million primarily composed of non-inventory asset impairment charges on retail showrooms in connection with the 2024 Restructuring Plan, the majority of which are expected to be incurred by the end of fiscal year 2025.

Upon full implementation, we expect the plan to result in reduced annual run-rate expenses by more than $200 million by the end of its fiscal year 2025. We do not believe these cost-saving measures will impair our ability to conduct any of our key business functions. However, we may not be able to realize the cost savings and benefits initially anticipated as a result of the 2022 Restructuring Plan and the 2024 Restructuring Plan, and costs may be greater than expected. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—We may not successfully execute or achieve the expected benefits of our restructuring initiatives and other cost-saving measures we may take in the future, and our efforts may result in further actions and/or additional asset impairment charges and adversely affect our business.”

2029 and 2026 Convertible Notes

In May 2024, we issued $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”) in a private offering, including the exercise in full of the option granted to the initial purchasers to purchase $50.0 million of the 2029 Notes. The 2029 Notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture (the “2029 Notes Indenture”) between us and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee. The 2029 Notes bear interest at a rate of 5.50% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning on December 1, 2024. The net proceeds from this offering of 2029 Notes were approximately $342.3 million, after deducting the initial purchasers' discounts and commissions. The net proceeds of the offering were used, together with proceeds from the Term Loan (as defined below) and cash on hand, to repurchase approximately $801.0 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 0.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (the “2026 Notes”) described below.

The effective interest rate upon issuance of the 2029 Notes was 5.97%, which is the effective interest rate as of June 30, 2024.

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In February 2021, we issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes in a private offering, including the exercise in full of the option granted to the initial purchasers to purchase $125.0 million of the 2026 Notes. The 2026 Notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture (the “ 2026 Notes Indenture”) between us and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The net proceeds from the offering were approximately $977.2 million, after deducting the initial purchasers’ discounts and commissions and our offering expenses.

The effective interest rate upon issuance of the 2026 Notes was 0.45%, which is the effective interest rate as of June 30, 2024.

Repurchase of a Portion of the 2026 Convertible Notes

In May 2024, we entered into separate, privately negotiated transactions with certain holders of the 2026 Notes to repurchase $801.0 million of aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes for an aggregate of $724.9 million of cash. We accounted for this repurchase of the 2026 Notes as a debt extinguishment under ASC 470-50, Debt – Modifications and Extinguishments (“ASC 470-50”). We recorded a $69.8 million gain on early extinguishment of debt during the year ending June 30, 2024, which includes the write-off of previously deferred debt issuance costs of $6.3 million.

Termination of Capped Call Transactions

In connection with the offering of the 2026 Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with certain counterparties (the “Capped Call Transactions”). In the last quarter of fiscal year 2024, we terminated the Capped Call Transactions in their entirety pursuant to negotiated termination agreements with each such counterparty.

Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement

On May 30, 2024, we entered into a Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”), with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and certain banks and financial institutions party thereto as lenders and issuing banks.

The Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement provides for a $1.0 billion term loan facility (the “Term Loan”), which will be due and payable on May 30, 2029. The Term Loan amortizes in quarterly installments of 0.25%, payable at the end of each fiscal quarter and on the maturity date.

The Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement also provides for a $100.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”), which will mature on May 30, 2029. We are only required to meet the total liquidity covenant, set at $250.0 million for the last business day of any week, and the subscription revenues covenant, set at $1.2 billion for the four-quarter trailing period, to the extent any revolving loans are borrowed and outstanding.

The Revolving Facility, when drawn, bears interest at a rate equal to, at our option, either the Alternate Base Rate (as defined in the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) plus 4.00% per annum or the Term SOFR Rate (as defined in the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) plus 5.00% per annum. We are required to pay an annual commitment fee of 0.50% per annum on a quarterly basis based on the unused portion of the Revolving Facility, provided that the commitment fee is subject to one 0.125% step-down after the delivery of the financial statements and related compliance certificate for the fiscal quarter ending on or after September 30, 2024 for which the First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) is less than 5.00 to 1.00.

The Term Loan initially bears interest at a rate equal to, at our option, either the Alternate Base Rate (as defined in the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) plus 5.00% per annum or the Term SOFR Rate (as defined in the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) plus 6.00% per annum. After the delivery of the financial statements and related compliance certificate for the fiscal quarter ending on or after September 30, 2024 for which the First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) is less than 5.00 to 1.00, the applicable rate for Alternate Base Rate loans or Term SOFR Rate loans will be subject to one 0.50% step-down. Any borrowing at the Alternate Base Rate is subject to a 1.00% floor and the Term SOFR Rate is subject to a 0.00% floor.

The Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants as well as customary negative covenants that restrict our ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, incur liens or grant negative pledges, make loans and investments, conduct certain transactions with affiliates, sell certain assets, enter into certain swap agreements, guarantee obligations of third parties, declare dividends or make certain distributions, and undergo a merger or consolidation or certain other transactions. The Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement also contains certain customary events of default. Certain baskets and covenant levels have been adjusted and will apply equally to both the Term Loan and Revolving Facility for so long as the Term Loan is outstanding.

The obligations under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with respect to the Term Loan and the Revolving Facility are secured by substantially all of our assets, with certain exceptions set forth in the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, and are required to be guaranteed by certain material subsidiaries of the Company if, at the end of future financial quarters, certain conditions are not met.

During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we incurred total commitment fees of $1.3 million and $1.6 million, respectively, which are included in Interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

As of June 30, 2024, we had drawn the full amount of the Term Loan and had not drawn on the Revolving Facility, and we had $1,000.0 million total outstanding borrowings under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2024, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $53.2 million, which are classified as Restricted cash on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In connection with the execution of the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, the Term Loan was accounted for as a modification, extinguishment, or new loan for certain lenders in accordance with ASC 470-50. Accordingly, a discount and debt issuance costs of $10.0 million and $2.3 million, respectively, will be amortized to Interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the Third Amended and

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Restated Credit Agreement. Furthermore, we expensed $8.7 million of debt issuance costs incurred and wrote-off $7.5 million of previously deferred debt discount and debt issuance costs, which are included within Net gain on debt refinancing on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

As of June 30, 2024, we had not drawn any amount under the Revolving Facility and as such did not have to test the financial covenants under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. We are required to pledge or otherwise restrict a portion of cash and cash equivalents as collateral for standby letters of credit.

Upon entering into the Term Loan, the effective interest rate was 12.4%, which was the effective interest rate as of June 30, 2024.

Cash Flows

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities of $66.1 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was primarily due to a net loss of $551.9 million and a net increase in operating assets and liabilities of $13.9 million, partially offset by non-cash adjustments of $499.7 million. The increase in operating assets and liabilities was primarily due to a $95.5 million decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses, a $90.8 million decrease in net operating lease liabilities due to lease payments and lease terminations as we continue to reduce our real estate footprint through our restructuring efforts, a $23.6 million decrease in deferred revenue and customer deposits due to lower extended warranty revenue sales, and a $7.0 million increase in accounts receivable. The decrease was partially offset by $163.0 million decrease in inventory and a $42.6 million decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets, primarily due to timing of prepayments for music royalties and marketing expenses. Non-cash adjustments primarily consisted of stock-based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization, non-cash operating lease expense, and long-lived asset impairment expense, partially offset by a gain on debt extinguishment of convertible notes.

Investing activities

Net cash provided by investing activities of $26.8 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was primarily related to $31.9 million in proceeds from the sale of Peloton Output Park and $14.6 million in proceeds from the sale of a manufacturing subsidiary in Taiwan, partially offset by $19.7 million used for capital expenditures, primarily related to product development and the build out of our warehouses.

Financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities of $(94.4) million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 was primarily related to $(742.5) million payment on principal of the old term loan and $(724.9) million payment on a portion of the 2026 Notes, partially offset by $986.9 million net proceeds from the issuance of the new Term Loan, $342.3 million net proceeds from the issuance of the 2029 Notes, and exercises of stock options of $41.2 million.

Commitments

As of June 30, 2024, our contractual obligations were as follows:

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(1) Lease obligations relate to our office space, warehouses, production studios, retail locations, and equipment. The original lease terms are between one and 21 years, and the majority of the lease agreements are renewable at the end of the lease period. The Company has finance lease obligations of $0.1 million, also included above.

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(2) We are subject to minimum royalty payments associated with our license agreements for the use of licensed content. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business— We depend upon third-party licenses for the use of music in our content. An adverse change to, loss of, or claim that we do not hold necessary licenses may have an adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition.”

(3) Pursuant to the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, we are required to pay a commitment fee of 0.500% on a quarterly basis based on the unused portion of the Revolving Facility.

(4) Other purchase obligations include all other non-cancelable contractual obligations. These contracts are primarily related to cloud computing costs.

(5) Refer to Note 12 - Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details regarding our 2026 Notes and 2029 Notes and Term Loan obligations.

The commitment amounts in the table above are associated with contracts that are enforceable and legally binding and that specify all significant terms, including fixed or minimum services to be used, fixed, minimum or variable price provisions, and the approximate timing of the actions under the contracts.

We utilize contract manufacturers to build our products and accessories. These contract manufacturers acquire components and build products based on demand forecast information we supply, which typically covers a rolling 12-month period. Consistent with industry practice, we acquire inventories from such manufacturers through blanket purchase orders against which orders are applied based on projected demand information and availability of goods. Such purchase commitments typically cover our forecasted product and manufacturing requirements for periods that range a number of months. In certain instances, these agreements allow us the option to cancel, reschedule, and/or adjust our requirements based on our business needs for a period of time before the order is due to be fulfilled. While our purchase orders are legally cancellable in many situations, some purchase orders are not cancellable in the event of a demand plan change or other circumstances, such as where the supplier has procured unique, Peloton-specific designs, and/or specific non-cancellable, non-returnable components based on our provided forecasts.

As of June 30, 2024, our commitments to contract with third-party manufacturers for their inventory on-hand and component purchase commitments related to the manufacture of our products were estimated to be approximately $80.1 million. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Our operating results have been, and could in the future be, adversely affected if we are unable to accurately forecast consumer demand for our products and services and adequately manage our inventory.”

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We did not have any undisclosed off-balance sheet arrangements as of June 30, 2024.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading “Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements” for a discussion about new accounting pronouncements adopted and not yet adopted as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, we make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, stockholders’ equity, revenue, expenses, and related disclosures. We re-evaluate our estimates on an on-going basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Because of the uncertainty inherent in these matters, actual results may differ from these estimates and could differ based upon other assumptions or conditions. The critical accounting policies that reflect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements include those noted below.

Revenue Recognition

Our primary sources of revenue are our recurring content Subscription revenue, and revenue from the sales of our Connected Fitness Products and related accessories, as well as Precor branded fitness products, delivery and installation services.

We determine revenue recognition through the following steps in accordance with ASC 606:

•identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;

•identification of the performance obligations in the contract;

•determination of the transaction price;

•allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

•recognition of revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation.

Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Our revenue is reported net of sales returns and concessions, discounts and allowances, incentives, and rebates to commercial distributors as a reduction of the transaction price. Certain contracts include consideration payable that is accounted for as a payment for distinct goods or services. Our transaction price estimate includes our estimate for product returns and concessions based on the terms and conditions of home trial programs, historical return trends by product category, impact of seasonality, an evaluation of current economic and market conditions, and current business practices, and record the expected customer refund liability as a reduction to revenue, and the expected inventory right of recovery as a reduction of cost of revenue. If

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actual return costs differ from previous estimates, the amount of the liability and corresponding revenue are adjusted in the period in which such costs occur.

There is not significant judgement required in the determination of performance obligations, allocation of our transaction price, or the recognition of revenue. See further discussion in Note 3 - Revenue in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

As described in Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we announced a voluntary recall of the Company's Tread+ product in collaboration with the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (“CPSC”) which had permitted customers to return the product for a refund. The amount of a refund customers were eligible to receive differed based on the status of an approved remediation of the issue driving the recall, and the age of the Connected Fitness product being returned. We estimated return reserves primarily based on historical and expected product returns, product warranty, and service call trends. We also considered current trends in consumer behavior in order to identify correlations to current trends in returns.

On October 18, 2022, the CPSC and we jointly announced that consumers have more time to get a full refund if they wish to return their Tread+, extending the full refund period for one additional year, to November 6, 2023. With the extension period now over, we adjusted its reserve assumptions for lower volume of expected returns, as well as an increase in estimated take rate of the rear guard repair, resulting in a reduction to the return reserve. As a result of these recalls, we have recorded return provisions as a (benefit)/reduction to Connected Fitness Products revenue of $(4.5) million, $14.6 million, and $48.9 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, our returns reserve related to the impacts of the recalls was $6.7 million and $24.4 million, respectively.

Product Recall Related Matters

We accrue cost of product recalls and potential corrective actions based on management’s estimate of when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated, which occurs when management commits to a corrective action plan or when required by regulatory requirements. Costs of product recalls and corrective actions are recognized in Connected Fitness Products cost of revenue, which may include the cost of the development of the product being replaced, logistics costs, and other related costs such as product scrap cost, inventory write-down and cancellation of any supplier commitments. The accrued cost is based on management’s estimate of the cost to repair each affected product and the estimated number of products to be repaired based on actions taken by the impacted customers. Estimating both cost to repair each affected product and the number of units to be repaired is highly subjective and requires significant management judgment. Based on information that is currently available, management believes that the accruals are adequate. It is possible that substantial additional charges may be required in future periods based on new information, changes in facts and circumstances, and actions we may commit to or be required to undertake. We did not accrue any additional liability related to its product recall related matters during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, we accrued an additional $64.1 million liability related to its product recall related matters. As of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, accruals related to product recall related matters were $8.3 million and $63.4 million, respectively, were included within Accounts payable and accrued expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Inventory Valuation and Reserves

We review our inventory to ensure that its carrying value does not exceed its net realizable value (“NRV”), with NRV based on the estimated selling price of inventory in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion, disposal and transportation. When our expectations indicate that the carrying value of inventory may exceed its NRV, we perform an exercise to calculate the approximate amount by which carrying value is greater than NRV and record additional cost of revenue for the difference. Once a write-off occurs, a new, lower cost basis is established. Should our estimates used in these calculations change in the future, such as estimated selling prices or disposal costs, additional write-downs may occur.

We also regularly monitor inventory quantities on hand and in transit and reserve for excess and obsolete inventories using estimates based on historical experience, historical and projected sales trends, specific categories of inventory, and age of on-hand inventory. Inventories presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are net of reserves for excess and obsolete inventory. If actual conditions or product demands are less favorable than our assumptions, additional inventory reserves may be required.

Product Warranty

We offer a standard product warranty that our Connected Fitness Products will operate under normal, non-commercial use covering the touchscreen and most original Bike, Bike+, Tread, Tread+, Row, and Guide components. We have the obligation, at our option, to either repair or replace the defective product. At the time revenue is recognized, an estimate of future warranty costs is recorded as a component of cost of revenue. Factors that affect the warranty obligation include historical as well as current product failure rates, service delivery costs incurred in correcting product failures, and warranty policies and business practices. Our products are manufactured by contract manufacturers, and in certain cases, we may have recourse to such contract manufacturers.

We also offer the option for customers in some markets to purchase an extended warranty and service contract that extends or enhances the technical support, parts, and labor coverage offered as part of the base warranty included with the Connected Fitness Products for additional periods beyond the standard product warranty period.

Extended warranty revenue is recognized ratably over the extended warranty coverage period and is included in Connected Fitness Products revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognized for non-controlling interest, if any, over the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. We have no intangible assets with indefinite useful lives.

Intangible assets other than goodwill are comprised of acquired developed technology and other finite-lived intangible assets. At initial recognition, intangible assets acquired in a business combination or asset acquisition are recognized at their fair value as of the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at acquisition date fair value less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any, and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset.

We review goodwill for impairment annually on April 1 of each fiscal year or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment may exist. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is highly subjective and requires significant judgment. In conducting our annual impairment test, we first review qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If factors indicate that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we perform a quantitative assessment and the fair value of the reporting unit is estimated by analyzing the expected present value of future cash flows. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss equal to the excess is recorded.

We assess the impairment of intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We test our long-lived asset groups when changes in circumstances indicate their carrying value may not be recoverable. Events that trigger a test for recoverability include material adverse changes in projected revenues and expenses, present cash flow losses combined with a history of cash flow losses and a forecast that demonstrates significant continuing losses, significant negative industry or economic trends, a current expectation that a long-lived asset group will be disposed of significantly before the end of its useful life, a significant adverse change in the manner in which an asset group is used or in its physical condition, or when there is a change in the asset grouping. When a triggering event occurs, a test for recoverability is performed, comparing projected undiscounted future cash flows to the carrying value of the asset group. If the test for recoverability identifies a possible impairment, the asset group’s fair value is measured relying primarily on a discounted cash flow method. To the extent available, we will also consider third-party valuations of our long-lived assets that were prepared for other business purposes. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset group exceeds its estimated fair value. When an impairment loss is recognized for assets to be held and used, the adjusted carrying amounts of those assets are depreciated over their remaining useful life.

For our Connected Fitness segment and Subscription segment, we evaluate long-lived tangible assets at the lowest level at which independent cash flows can be identified, which is dependent on the strategy and expected future use of our long-lived assets. We evaluate corporate assets or other long-lived assets that are not segment-specific at the consolidated level.

We measure the fair value of an asset group based on market prices (i.e., the amount for which the asset could be sold to a third party) when available. When market prices are not available, we generally estimate the fair value of the asset group using the income approach and/or the market approach. The income approach uses cash flow projections. Inherent in our development of cash flow projections are assumptions and estimates derived from a review of our operating results, business plan forecasts, expected growth rates, and cost of capital, similar to those a market participant would use to assess fair value. We also make certain assumptions about future economic conditions and other data. Many of the factors used in assessing fair value are outside the control of management, and these assumptions and estimates may change in future periods.

Changes in assumptions or estimates can materially affect the fair value measurement of an asset group and, therefore, can affect the test results. Since there is typically no active market for our long-lived tangible assets, we estimate fair values based on the expected future cash flows. We estimate future cash flows based on historical results, current trends, and operating and cash flow projections. Our estimates are subject to uncertainty and may be affected by a number of factors outside our control, including general economic conditions and the competitive environment. While we believe our estimates and judgments about future cash flows are reasonable, future impairment charges may be required if the expected cash flow estimates, as projected, do not occur or if events change requiring us to revise our estimates.

During fiscal 2022, 2023 and 2024, management identified various qualitative factors that collectively indicated that the Company had impairment triggering events, including (i) realignment of cost structure in connection with the restructuring initiatives, (ii) softening demand and (iii) significant decrease in the market price of certain long-lived asset groups.

Business Combination

To determine whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions of assets or business combinations, we make certain judgments, which include assessment of the inputs, processes, and outputs associated with the acquired set of activities. If we determine that substantially all of the fair value of gross assets included in a transaction is concentrated in a single asset (or a group of similar assets), the assets will not represent a business. To be considered a business, the assets in a transaction need to include an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs.

We allocate the fair value of the purchase consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The fair values of intangible assets are determined utilizing information available near the acquisition date based on expectations and assumptions that are deemed reasonable by management. Given the considerable judgment involved in determining fair

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values, we typically obtain assistance from third-party valuation specialists for significant items. Any excess of the purchase price (consideration transferred) over the estimated fair values of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred. Amounts recorded in a business combination may change during the measurement period, which is a period not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, as additional information about conditions that existed at the acquisition date becomes available.

Loss Contingencies

We are, or may become, a party to legal proceedings, claims, and regulatory, tax, and government inquiries and investigations that arise in the ordinary course of business. Certain of these matters include claims for substantial uncertainty or the amount of potential damages are unascertainable. Accordingly, except for proceedings that have settled or been terminated, or except where otherwise indicated in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements, it is not possible to determine the probability of loss or estimate damages for such matters, and therefore, we have not established reserves for any of these proceedings. When we determine that a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable, we record a liability, and, if the liability is material, we disclose the amount of the liability reserved in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Unless otherwise disclosed in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements, while it is reasonably possible that a loss may be incurred relating to the legal proceedings set forth in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements, we are unable to estimate a range of potential loss due to the complexity and current status of these proceedings. In these matters, we have not established a reserve.

We evaluate, on a regular basis, developments in our legal proceedings and other contingencies that could affect the amount of the liability, including amounts in excess of any previous accruals and reasonably possible losses disclosed, and make adjustments and changes to our accruals and disclosures as appropriate to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and updated information. Significant judgment is required to determine both the probability and the estimated amount of loss. These estimates have been based on our assessment of the facts and circumstances at each balance sheet date and are subject to change based on new information and future events. For the matters we disclose in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements that do not include an estimate of the amount of loss or range of losses, estimating such an amount is not possible or is immaterial.

Given that our legal proceedings, claims, and regulatory, tax, and government inquiries and investigations are subject to uncertainty, there can be no assurance that such legal proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As discussed in the section titled "Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements," the following discussion and analysis contains forward looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other important factors that, if they never materialize or prove incorrect, could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below and those discussed in the section titled "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

A discussion of our results of operations for our fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 compared to the year ended June 30, 2021 is included our Annual

Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, filed with the SEC on September 7, 2022 (File No. 001-39058) under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Overview

Peloton is a leading global fitness company with a highly engaged community of over 6.5 million Members as of June 30, 2023. A category innovator at the nexus of fitness, technology, and media, Peloton's first-of-its-kind subscription platform seamlessly combines innovative hardware, distinctive software, and exclusive content. Its world-renowned instructors coach and motivate Members to be the best version of themselves anytime, anywhere. We define a “Member” as any individual who has a Peloton account through a paid Connected Fitness Subscription or a paid Peloton App Membership, and completes 1 or more completed workouts in the trailing 12 month period. We define a completed workout as either completing at least 50% of an instructor-led class, scenic ride or run, or ten or more minutes of “Just Ride”, “Just Run”, or “Just Row” mode.

Our Connected Fitness Products portfolio includes the Peloton Bike, Bike+, Tread, Tread+, Guide, and Row. Access to the Peloton App is available with an All Access or Guide Membership for Members who have Connected Fitness Products or through a standalone App Membership with multiple Membership tiers. Our revenue is generated primarily from recurring Subscription revenue and the sale of our Connected Fitness Products. We are additionally focused on growing our Paid App subscribers, including through efforts such as our recent branding and App relaunch in May 2023. We define a “Connected Fitness Subscription” as a person, household, or commercial property, such as a hotel or residential building, who has either paid for a subscription to a Connected Fitness Product (a Connected Fitness Subscription with a successful credit card billing or with prepaid subscription credits or waivers) or requested a “pause” to their subscription for up to three months.

Our financial profile has been characterized by strong retention, recurring revenue, and efficient customer acquisition. Our low Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn, together with our high Subscription Contribution Margin, yields an attractive lifetime value (“LTV”) for our Connected Fitness Subscriptions well in excess of our customer acquisition costs (“CAC”). Maintaining an attractive LTV/CAC ratio is a primary goal of our customer acquisition strategy.

Fourth Quarter Fiscal 2023 Update and Recent Developments

Quarterly and Recent Highlights

Operations

Increasing the efficiency of our operations remains a top priority, and we continue to make progress across a range of operational functions. Within our hardware COGS, middle and last mile costs per unit declined 22% year over year in the three months ended June 30, 2023, reflecting our warehouse consolidation efforts and continued collaboration with our third-party logistics partners.

We continue to make progress on reducing costs across our general and administrative (G&A) functions and sales and marketing (S&M). Within G&A, we reduced professional and legal fees (excluding settlements) by over 37% year over year in the three months ended June 30, 2023. We've succeeded in reducing our legal, IT, insurance, and staff augmentation expenses and see opportunity to drive further savings through fiscal year 2024. Reducing the fixed spending portion of our S&M expenses has been a key priority during fiscal year 2023, and we've made substantial progress. In the three months ended June 30, 2023, fixed spending within S&M decreased by over 25% year over year. The largest driver of fixed cost savings is our ongoing reduction of our first-party retail footprint. To date, we've closed 67 retail showrooms, and we will continue optimizing our showroom footprint over the course of fiscal year 2024.

Content, Software and Community

On May 23, 2023, we launched our new App Membership Tiers. Peloton now offers five distinct Membership tiers - three newly launched App Membership Tiers (Free, App One, and App+), as well as the existing All-Access Membership (Connected Fitness Subscription for Peloton equipment owners) and Guide Membership (for Guide owners who don't also own a Peloton Bike, Bike+, Peloton Tread, or Peloton Row). The new App tiers allow beginners and enthusiasts alike to work out with or without equipment – at home, outdoors or at their gym – independently or with instruction.

We also launched Peloton Gym for each of our App tiers. Peloton Gym offers step-by-step, self-guided workouts designed by Peloton Instructors that Members can take to the gym or on the go. As with all of our App features, Peloton Gym leverages our unparalleled Instructor expertise, combined with Member feedback, to enrich our Strength modality experience over time.

For our All-Access Members, we continue to deliver on our promise of an always-improving experience across Bike, Bike+, Tread, Row, and Guide. We expanded upon our gamification experiences by launching Lanebreak on Tread globally. Peloton Tread Members can now engage in an immersive, gaming-inspired workout, an experience that was previously only offered on Bike and Bike+. We also have made iterations to Run

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Achievements on Tread, helping Members more easily track and measure their performance. On the personal records page, Tread Members are now able to view their current run achievements alongside their output personal record ("PR").

Building on our successful launch of our Bike/Bike+ rental program in the U.S. and Canada, we were pleased to bring our rental program to Germany, beginning August 9th. While we continue to optimize our rental program, our data continues to show that rentals are incremental to our subscription base, and we’re excited about expanding this low-cost, commitment-free Connected Fitness offering for Members.

We also have been testing and implementing improvements to the discovery experience and personalization algorithms, continuing efforts to showcase new content and help Members better find what they’re looking for with ease. For example, following a successful beta test, in August we launched personalized workout plans for Guide users. Research shows that both Members and prospective Members are looking for more help making progress and staying motivated to their fitness goals. Personalized Plans takes progressive, goal-based plans created by fitness experts and personalizes the recommendations to fit a Member’s interests, starting first with the goal of “Getting Stronger". We also launched 8 new rows of personalized recommendations on Tread and added a new layer of organization within our larger Class Collections (such as Artist Series) on Bike/Bike+, Tread, and Row.

We draw inspiration from the incredible Peloton community every day. Millions strong, the Peloton community drives us to be the best we can be, and their enthusiasm for Peloton led us to create our annual New York based Homecoming event in 2016 to celebrate their achievements and give Members special access to Instructors and unique Peloton experiences. This summer we've re-imagined Homecoming by creating "Peloton on Tour", a five-city, three-country traveling tour. We debuted Peloton on Tour in Los Angeles (July 13-15), then visited Atlanta (August 17-19), and will be visiting Chicago, Berlin and London in the coming months. Participating Members are able to attend live classes, participate in friendly fitness competitions, and join panel discussions and Instructor meet and greets. Member response has been very positive, and we're eager to apply learnings from this inaugural tour so we can continue to evolve our approach to in-person events that celebrate our unique Peloton community.

Restructuring Plan

In February 2022, we announced and began implementing a restructuring plan to realign our operational focus to support our multi-year growth, scale the business, and improve costs (the “Restructuring Plan”). The Restructuring Plan originally included: (i) reducing our headcount; (ii) closing several assembly and manufacturing plants, including the completion and subsequent sale of the shell facility for our previously planned Peloton Output Park; (iii) closing and consolidating several distribution facilities; and (iv) shifting to third-party logistics providers in certain locations. We expect the Restructuring Plan to be substantially implemented by the end of fiscal 2024.

In fiscal year 2023 we continued to take actions to implement the Restructuring Plan. On July 12, 2022, we announced we are exiting all owned-manufacturing operations and expanding our current relationship with Taiwanese manufacturer, Rexon Industrial Corp. Additionally, on August 12, 2022, we announced our decision to perform the following additional restructuring activities: (i) fully transitioning our North American Field Operations to third-party providers, including the significant reduction of our delivery workforce teams; (ii) eliminating a significant number of roles on the North America Member Support team and exiting our real-estate footprints in our Plano and Tempe locations; and (iii) reducing our retail showroom presence.

Total charges related to the Restructuring Plan were $332.4 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, consisting of cash charges of $85.1 million for severance and other personnel costs and $19.3 million for exit and disposal costs and professional fees, and non-cash charges of $139.3 million related to non-inventory asset write-downs and write-offs, $85.0 million for stock-based compensation expense and $3.7 million for write-offs of inventory related to restructuring activities.

We’ve made progress in achieving goals in each category above. For example, we have reduced our negative Free Cash Flow from $(2.4) billion in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 to $(470.0) million in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 (and we have reduced our negative Net cash used in operating activities from $(2.0) billion in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 to $(387.6) million in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023). Total operating expenses (excluding Goodwill impairment, Impairment expense, Restructuring expense, and Supplier settlements) decreased 25% year-over-year in fiscal year 2023 and we continue our work in looking for additional efficiencies. As of June 30, 2023, we've closed 66 retail showrooms and we will continue optimizing our showroom footprint over the course of fiscal year 2024. We expect substantial further improvements in fiscal year 2024 in the above as well as a number of other measures by which we measure the success of our Restructuring Plan.

In connection with the Restructuring Plan, we estimate that we will incur additional cash charges of approximately $40.0 million, primarily composed of lease termination and other exit costs, by the end of fiscal year 2024. Additionally, the Company expects to recognize additional non-cash charges of approximately $20.0 million during fiscal year 2024, primarily composed of non-inventory asset impairment charges in connection with the Restructuring Plan.

We may not be able to fully realize the cost savings and benefits initially anticipated from the Restructuring Plan, and the expected costs may be greater than expected. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—We may not successfully execute or achieve the expected benefits of our restructuring initiatives and other cost-saving measures we may take in the future, and our efforts may result in further actions and/or additional asset impairment charges and adversely affect our business.”

Tread+ and Tread Product Recall Return Reserves and Cost Estimates

On May 5, 2021, we announced separate, voluntary recalls of each of our Tread+ and Tread products in collaboration with the CPSC and halted sales of these products to work on product enhancements. Members were notified that they could return their Tread or Tread+ for a full refund, or wait until a solution is available. We announced a repair for the Tread in August 2021, shortly before resuming sales. In collaboration with the CPSC, on May 18, 2023, we jointly announced approval of a rear guard repair for the recalled Tread+, and which we are in the process of ramping

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up manufacturing. We will make this rear guard available to our Members who continue to own a Tread+ and, later, resume sales of the Tread+ from our existing inventory with the rear guard installed.

As a result of these recalls, we recognized a reduction to Connected Fitness Products revenue for actual and estimated future returns of $14.6 million, $48.9 million, and $81.1 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and a return reserve of $24.4 million and $39.9 million is included within Accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the impacts of the recall as of June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, respectively. In addition, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized an accrual for the cost associated with the Tread+ rear guard repair based on an amount that was deemed probable and reasonably estimable. We may continue to incur additional costs beyond what we have currently estimated to be probable and reasonably estimable which could include costs for which we have not accrued or established adequate reserves, including increases to the return reserves, inventory write-downs, logistics costs associated with Member requests to return or move their hardware, subscription waiver variable costs of service, anticipated recall-related hardware development and repair costs, and related legal and advisory fees. Recall charges are based upon estimates associated with our expected and historical consumer response rates.

Actual costs related to this matter may vary from the estimate, and may result in further impacts to our future results of operations and business. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Connected Fitness Products and Members—We may be subject to warranty claims that could result in significant direct or indirect costs, or we could experience greater product returns than expected, either of which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.”

Bike Seat Post Recall

In May 2023, in collaboration with the CPSC, we announced a voluntary recall of the original Peloton model Bikes (not Bike+) seat posts sold in the U.S. from January 2018 to May 2023. We are offering Members a replacement seat post as the approved repair. As a result of this recall, we recognized $48.4 million for the cost to replace the bike seat posts based on an amount that was deemed probable and reasonably estimable, reflected in Connected Fitness Products cost of revenue in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. As of June 30, 2023, accruals of $42.2 million were included within Accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet. We expect to incur the majority of the cost to replace affected Bike seat posts in the first six months of fiscal year 2024.

We may continue to incur additional costs beyond what we have currently estimated to be probable and estimable, including if the number of reported incidents materially increases. See “Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Connected Fitness Products and Members — Our products and services may be affected from time to time by design and manufacturing defects or product safety issues, real or perceived, that could adversely affect our business and result in harm to our reputation.”

Key Operational and Business Metrics

In addition to the measures presented in our consolidated financial statements, we use the following key operational and business metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, develop financial forecasts, and make strategic decisions.

______________________________

(1) Please see the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin” for a reconciliation of Subscription Gross Profit to Subscription Contribution and an explanation of why we consider Subscription Contribution and Subscription Contribution Margin to be helpful measures for investors.

(2) Please see the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Adjusted EBITDA” for a reconciliation of Net loss to Adjusted EBITDA and an explanation of why we consider Adjusted EBITDA to be a helpful measures for investors.

(3) Please see the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Free Cash Flow” for a reconciliation of net cash used in operating activities to Free Cash Flow and an explanation of why we consider Free Cash Flow to be a helpful measures for investors.

Connected Fitness Subscriptions

Our ability to expand the number of Connected Fitness Subscriptions is an indicator of our market penetration and growth. We define a “Connected Fitness Subscription” as a person, household, or commercial property, such as a hotel or residential building, who has either paid for a subscription to a Connected Fitness Product (a Connected Fitness Subscription with a successful credit card billing or with prepaid

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subscription credits or waivers) or has paused their subscription for up to three months. We do not include canceled or unpaid Connected Fitness Subscriptions in the Connected Fitness Subscription count, with the exception of paused Connected Fitness Subscriptions. A subscription is canceled and ceases to be reflected in the above metrics as of the effective cancellation date, which is the Member’s next scheduled billing date.

Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn

We use Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn to measure the retention of our Connected Fitness Subscriptions. We define “Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn” as Connected Fitness Subscription cancellations, net of reactivations, in the quarter, divided by the average number of beginning Connected Fitness Subscriptions in each month, divided by three months. When a Connected Fitness Subscription payment method fails, we communicate with our Members to update their payment method and make multiple attempts over several days to charge the payment method on file and reactivate the subscription. We cancel a Member’s Connected Fitness Subscription when it remains unpaid for two days after their billing cycle date. This metric does not include data related to our Peloton App subscriptions for Members who pay a monthly fee for access to our content library on their own devices.

Upcoming changes to our reporting metrics

Starting in fiscal year 2024, we are making changes to our reported operating metrics. We will no longer include paused Connected Fitness subscriptions in our new Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscriptions metric, and will now treat a pause action as a churn event in our Average Net Monthly Paid Connected Fitness Subscription Churn as described below. In the first quarter of fiscal 2024, we also plan to report a new metric, Average Monthly Paid App Subscription Churn. These changes are designed to align our reported metrics more closely with our strategic priorities and provide additional disclosure for investors.

Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscriptions

Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscriptions will include all Connected Fitness Subscriptions for which we are currently receiving payment (a successful credit card billing or prepaid subscription credit or waiver). Historically, we have included a Connected Fitness Subscription that is paused for up to three months as a Connected Fitness Subscription. Because there is no payment on a paused subscription, we will no longer include paused Connected Fitness Subscriptions in our Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscription count. The below table compares how Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscriptions compares to our previous definition:

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(1) Legacy reporting metric

(2) New reporting metric starting in the first quarter of fiscal 2024

As of June 30, 2023, the number of our Ending Paused Connected Fitness Subscriptions increased by 55% versus March 31, 2023. While we historically experience a seasonal increase in the number of paused subscriptions in the three months ended June 30, 2023, we believe a significant portion of this year's outsized increase was related to our seat post recall announced on May 11, 2023, as some Members chose to pause their subscriptions while awaiting the delivery of their replacement seat post.

Average Net Monthly Paid Connected Fitness Subscription Churn

To align with the new definition of Ending Paid Connected Fitness Subscriptions above, our new quarterly Average Net Monthly Paid Connected Fitness Subscription Churn will be calculated as follows: Paid Connected Fitness Subscriber "churn count" in the quarter, divided by the average number of beginning Paid Connected Fitness Subscribers each month, divided by three months. "Churn count" is defined as quarterly CF Subscription churn events minus CF Subscription unpause events minus CF Subscription reactivations.

We refer to any cancellation or pausing of a subscription for our All Access Membership as a churn event. Because we do not receive payment for paused Connected Fitness Subscriptions, a paused Connected Fitness Subscription will now be treated as a churn event at the time the pause goes into effect, which is the start of the next billing cycle. An unpause event occurs when a pause period elapses without a cancellation and the Connected Fitness Subscription resumes, and is therefore counted as a reduction in our churn count in that period. Consistent with our previous practice, our churn count will be shown net of reactivations and our new quarterly Average Net Monthly Paid Connected Fitness Subscription Churn metric will average the monthly Connected Fitness churn percentage across the three months of the reported quarter.

To date, we have reported Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn, which is defined as Connected Fitness Subscription cancellations, net of reactivations, in the quarter, divided by the average number of beginning Connected Fitness Subscriptions in each month, divided by three months. This metric does not treat a pause of a Connected Fitness Subscription as a churn event. When a Connected Fitness Subscription payment method fails, we communicate with our Members to update their payment method and make multiple attempts over several days to charge the payment method on file and reactivate the subscription. We cancel a Member's Connected Fitness Subscription when it remains unpaid for two days after their billing cycle date.

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Furthermore, we have reported our Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn metric net of reactivations. Under this metric, a Connected Fitness Subscriber that cancels their membership (a churn event) and resubscribes in a subsequent period is considered a reactivation and is counted as a reduction in our churn count in the period during which the Subscriber resubscribes. The table below compares how Average Net Monthly Paid Connected Fitness Churn compares to our previous definition:

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(1) Legacy reporting metric

(2) New reporting metric starting in the first quarter of fiscal 2024

In the three months ended June 30, 2023, our Average Net Monthly Paid Connected Fitness Subscription churn reflects a seasonal increase in the number of paused subscriptions as well as an outsized increase in paused subscriptions related to our seat post recall, as we believe some Members chose to pause their subscriptions while awaiting the delivery of their replacement seat post. These metrics do not include data related to our App One Subscribers and App+ Subscribers.

Ending Paid App Subscriptions

Ending Paid App Subscriptions will include all App One and App+ subscriptions for which we are currently receiving payment.

Average Monthly Paid App Subscription Churn

When a Subscriber to App One or App+ cancels their membership (a churn event) and resubscribes in a subsequent period, the resubscription will be considered a new subscription (rather than a reactivation that is counted as a reduction in our churn count). Average Paid App Subscription Churn will be calculated as follows: Paid App Subscription cancellations in the quarter, divided by the average number of beginning Paid App Subscriptions each month, divided by three months.

Components of our Results of Operations

Revenue

Connected Fitness Products

Connected Fitness Products revenue consists of sales of our portfolio of Connected Fitness Products and related accessories, delivery and installation services, branded apparel, extended warranty agreements, and the sale, service, installation, and delivery contracts of our commercial business. Connected Fitness Products revenue is recognized at the time of delivery, except for extended warranty revenue that is recognized over the warranty period and service revenue that is recognized over the term, and is recorded net of returns and discounts and third-party financing program fees, when applicable.

Subscription

Subscription revenue consists of revenue generated from our monthly Connected Fitness Subscription and Peloton App subscription.

As of June 30, 2023, 99% and 81% of our Connected Fitness Subscription and Peloton App subscription bases, respectively, were paying month to month.

If a Connected Fitness Subscription owns a combination of a Bike, Tread, Guide or Row product in the same household, the price of the Subscription remains $44 monthly (price increased from $39 to $44 USD effective as of June 1, 2022). As of June 30, 2023, approximately 8% of our Connected Fitness Subscriptions owned both a Bike and Tread product.

Cost of revenue

Connected Fitness Products

Connected Fitness Products cost of revenue consists of our portfolio of Connected Fitness Products and branded apparel product costs, including duties and other applicable importing costs, shipping and handling costs, packaging, warranty replacement and service costs, fulfillment costs, warehousing costs, depreciation of property and equipment, and certain costs related to management, facilities, and personnel-related expenses associated with supply chain logistics.

Subscription

Subscription cost of revenue includes costs associated with content creation and costs to stream content to our Members. These costs consist of both fixed costs, including studio rent and occupancy, other studio overhead, instructor and production personnel-related expenses,

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depreciation of property and equipment as well as variable costs, including music royalty fees, content costs for past use, third-party platform streaming costs, and payment processing fees for our monthly subscription billings.

Operating expenses

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing expense consists of performance marketing media spend, asset creation, and other brand creative, all showroom expenses and related lease payments, payment processing fees incurred in connection with the sale of our Connected Fitness Products, sales and marketing personnel-related expenses, expenses related to the Peloton App, and depreciation of property and equipment.

General and administrative

General and administrative expense includes personnel-related expenses and facilities-related costs primarily for our executive, finance, accounting, legal, human resources, IT functions and member support. General and administrative expense also includes fees for professional services principally comprised of legal, audit, tax and accounting services, depreciation of property and equipment, and insurance, as well as litigation settlement costs.

Research and development

Research and development expense primarily consists of personnel and facilities-related expenses, consulting and contractor expenses, tooling and prototype materials, software platform expenses, and depreciation of property and equipment. We capitalize certain qualified costs incurred in connection with the development of internal-use software that may also cause research and development expenses to vary from period to period.

Goodwill impairment

Goodwill impairment consists of non-cash impairment charges relating to goodwill. We review goodwill for impairment annually on April 1 and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment may exist. In conducting our annual impairment test, we first review qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If factors indicate that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we perform a quantitative assessment and the fair value of the reporting unit is determined by analyzing the expected present value of future cash flows. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss equal to the excess is recorded.

Impairment expense

Impairment expense consists of non-cash impairment charges relating to long-lived assets. Impairments are determined using management’s judgment about our anticipated ability to continue to use fixed assets in-service and under development, current economic and market conditions and their effects based on information available as of the date of these consolidated financial statements. Management disposes of fixed assets during the regular course of business due to damage, obsolescence, strategic shifts, and loss.

Additionally, long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If the carrying amount of an asset group exceeds its estimated undiscounted net future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds its fair value.

Restructuring expense

Restructuring expense consists of severance and other personnel costs, including stock-based compensation expense, professional services, facility closures and other costs associated with exit and disposal activities.

Supplier settlements

Supplier settlements are payments made to third-party suppliers to terminate certain future inventory purchase commitments.

Non-operating income and expenses

Other (expense) income, net

Other (expense) income, net consists of interest (expense) income, unrealized and realized gains (losses) on investments, and foreign exchange gains (losses).

Income tax provision

The provision for income taxes consists primarily of income taxes related to state and international taxes for jurisdictions in which we conduct business. We maintain a valuation allowance on the majority of our deferred tax assets as we have concluded that it is more likely than not that the deferred assets will not be utilized.

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Results of Operations

The following tables set forth our consolidated results of operations in dollars and as a percentage of total revenue for the periods presented. The period-to-period comparisons of our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future.

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(1) Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows:

On July 1, 2022, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Compensation Committee”) approved accelerating the vesting requirement for unvested restricted stock units held by certain employees by one year. This applied to eligible unvested restricted stock units that had more than eight quarterly vesting dates remaining in their vesting schedule. The acceleration resulted in approximately $35.6 million of stock-based compensation expense being pulled forward and recognized in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. Additionally, on July 1, 2022, the Compensation Committee approved a one-time repricing of certain stock option awards that had been granted to date under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”). The repricing impacted stock options held by all employees who remained employed through July 25, 2022. The repricing did not apply to our U.S.-based hourly employees (or employees with equivalent roles in non-U.S. locations) or our C-level executives. The modification resulted in incremental stock-based compensation expense of $21.9 million in the aggregate.

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(2) Includes depreciation and amortization expense as follows:

Comparison of the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

Revenue

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Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

Connected Fitness Products revenue decreased $1,057.3 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. This decrease was primarily attributable to fewer deliveries and promotional pricing, partially offset by new Connected Fitness products and sales channels launched during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

Subscription revenue increased $275.4 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. This increase was primarily attributable to the year-over-year growth in our Connected Fitness Subscriptions and the price increase of the All-Access Membership fee from $39 to $44, effective as of June 1, 2022. The growth of our Connected Fitness Subscriptions was primarily driven by the number of Connected Fitness Products delivered during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 under new Subscriptions and our low Average Net Monthly Connected Fitness Churn of 1.2% for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin