NVE CORP /NEW/ (NVEC)
SIC breadcrumb: Manufacturing > Electronic And Other Electrical Equipment And Components, Except Computer Equipment > SIC 3674 Semiconductors & Related Devices
SEC company page: https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=724910. Latest filing source: 0001376474-26-000348.
Selected Fundamentals
| Metric | Value | Unit | FY | Filed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 26,331,218 | USD | 2026 | 2026-05-06 |
| Net income | 15,199,195 | USD | 2026 | 2026-05-06 |
| Assets | 60,379,532 | USD | 2026 | 2026-05-06 |
Financials
Annual standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-05-06. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0000724910.json. Derived margins, ratios, and free cash flow are computed from the extracted annual SEC facts.
| Metric | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 27,717,278 | 28,326,196 | 29,863,881 | 26,472,337 | 25,412,163 | 26,986,970 | 38,253,592 | 29,804,179 | 25,874,694 | 26,331,218 | |
| Net income | 12,948,869 | 13,912,672 | 14,507,936 | 14,526,642 | 11,694,384 | 14,507,501 | 22,694,458 | 17,124,699 | 15,064,516 | 15,199,195 | |
| Operating income | 17,445,203 | 18,450,627 | 15,924,562 | 15,514,786 | 12,743,604 | 16,328,685 | 25,644,182 | 18,518,865 | 15,994,149 | 15,920,491 | |
| Gross profit | 22,247,902 | 23,589,137 | 21,256,225 | 20,522,868 | 17,244,785 | 20,723,880 | 30,191,281 | 23,031,646 | 21,638,914 | 20,731,764 | |
| Diluted EPS | 2.68 | 2.87 | 2.99 | 3.00 | 2.42 | 3.00 | 4.70 | 3.54 | 3.11 | 3.14 | |
| Operating cash flow | 12,379,160 | 15,151,928 | 14,218,994 | 15,895,773 | 13,364,832 | 12,503,679 | 19,091,498 | 18,247,411 | 14,310,418 | 16,657,997 | |
| Capital expenditures | 519,835 | 604,800 | 68,265 | 52,041 | 62,727 | 484,579 | 935,791 | 16,731 | 1,257,109 | 2,189,138 | |
| Dividends paid | 19,333,409 | 19,323,304 | 19,331,304 | 19,339,684 | 19,348,664 | ||||||
| Assets | 93,774,806 | 87,431,465 | 83,615,887 | 79,498,150 | 72,500,739 | 67,467,492 | 69,255,170 | 66,780,033 | 64,275,862 | 60,379,532 | |
| Liabilities | 835,676 | 1,502,801 | 1,608,797 | 2,902,363 | 2,175,668 | 1,211,516 | 2,007,091 | 2,130,033 | |||
| Stockholders' equity | 92,679,485 | 86,441,740 | 82,780,211 | 77,995,349 | 70,891,942 | 64,565,129 | 67,079,502 | 65,568,517 | 62,268,771 | 58,249,499 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 8,199,364 | 4,755,082 | 6,877,304 | 8,065,594 | 10,427,340 | 10,449,510 | 1,669,896 | 10,283,550 | 8,036,564 | 1,714,040 | |
| Free cash flow | 11,859,325 | 14,547,128 | 14,150,729 | 15,843,732 | 13,302,105 | 12,019,100 | 18,155,707 | 18,230,680 | 13,053,309 | 14,468,859 |
Ratios
| Metric | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net margin | 45.71% | 46.59% | 54.80% | 57.16% | 53.76% | 59.33% | 57.46% | 58.22% | 57.72% | ||
| Operating margin | 61.59% | 61.78% | 60.16% | 61.05% | 60.51% | 67.04% | 62.14% | 61.81% | 60.46% | ||
| Return on equity | 13.97% | 16.09% | 17.53% | 18.63% | 16.50% | 22.47% | 33.83% | 26.12% | 24.19% | 26.09% | |
| Return on assets | 13.81% | 15.91% | 17.35% | 18.27% | 16.13% | 21.50% | 32.77% | 25.64% | 23.44% | 25.17% | |
| Liabilities / equity | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | |||
| Current ratio | 32.13 | 33.03 | 32.84 | 43.19 | 23.71 | 16.90 | 16.80 | 32.05 | 28.40 | 28.21 |
Financial Charts
Quarterly
Quarterly standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-05-06. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0000724910.json.
| Quarter | End Date | Revenue | Net Income | Diluted EPS | Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-Q3 | 2021-12-31 | 0.72 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2023-Q2 | 2022-09-30 | 1.26 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2023-Q3 | 2022-12-31 | 0.88 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2024-Q1 | 2023-06-30 | 8,831,414 | 4,403,730 | 0.91 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q2 | 2023-06-30 | 4,403,730 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2024-Q2 | 2023-09-30 | 7,133,276 | 0.98 | reported discrete quarter | |
| 2024-Q3 | 2023-09-30 | 4,723,566 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2024-Q3 | 2023-12-31 | 6,756,260 | 0.87 | reported discrete quarter | |
| 2024-Q4 | 2024-03-31 | 7,083,229 | 3,812,981 | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD | |
| 2025-Q1 | 2024-06-30 | 6,783,244 | 4,097,587 | 0.85 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q2 | 2024-06-30 | 4,097,587 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2025-Q2 | 2024-09-30 | 6,758,690 | 0.83 | reported discrete quarter | |
| 2025-Q3 | 2024-09-30 | 4,026,145 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2025-Q3 | 2024-12-31 | 5,063,045 | 0.63 | reported discrete quarter | |
| 2025-Q4 | 2025-03-31 | 7,269,715 | 3,892,374 | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD | |
| 2026-Q1 | 2025-06-30 | 6,104,644 | 3,575,818 | 0.74 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2026-Q2 | 2025-06-30 | 3,575,818 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2026-Q2 | 2025-09-30 | 6,346,992 | 0.68 | reported discrete quarter | |
| 2026-Q3 | 2025-09-30 | 3,310,838 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2026-Q3 | 2025-12-31 | 6,224,776 | 0.70 | reported discrete quarter | |
| 2026-Q4 | 2026-03-31 | 7,654,806 | 4,927,897 | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
Quarterly Charts
Macro Cross-References
- CPIAUCSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average
- UNRATE - Unemployment Rate
- FEDFUNDS - Federal Funds Effective Rate
- CES0500000003 - Average Hourly Earnings of All Employees, Total Private
- DFEDTARU - Federal Funds Target Range - Upper Limit
- DFEDTARL - Federal Funds Target Range - Lower Limit
- DGS3MO - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 3-Month Constant Maturity
- DGS2 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 2-Year Constant Maturity
- DGS10 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 10-Year Constant Maturity
- DGS30 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 30-Year Constant Maturity
- T10Y2Y - 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Minus 2-Year Treasury Constant Maturity
- CPILFESL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Food and Energy
- CPIUFDSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food
- CPIENGSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy
- CUSR0000SAH1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Shelter
- PCEPI - Personal Consumption Expenditures: Chain-type Price Index
- PCEPILFE - Personal Consumption Expenditures Excluding Food and Energy: Chain-type Price Index
- PPIACO - Producer Price Index by Commodity: All Commodities
- T10YIE - 10-Year Breakeven Inflation Rate
- U6RATE - Total Unemployed, Plus All Marginally Attached Workers Plus Total Employed Part Time for Economic Reasons
- PAYEMS - All Employees, Total Nonfarm
- CIVPART - Labor Force Participation Rate
- EMRATIO - Employment-Population Ratio
- UNEMPLOY - Unemployed
- CE16OV - Employment Level
- ICSA - Initial Claims
- JTSJOL - Job Openings: Total Nonfarm
- JTSQUR - Quits: Total Nonfarm
- GDPC1 - Real Gross Domestic Product
- A191RL1Q225SBEA - Real Gross Domestic Product: Percent Change from Preceding Period
- INDPRO - Industrial Production: Total Index
- TCU - Capacity Utilization: Total Index
- HOUST - New Privately-Owned Housing Units Started: Total Units
- PERMIT - New Privately-Owned Housing Units Authorized in Permit-Issuing Places: Total Units
- RSAFS - Advance Retail Sales: Retail Trade
- PCE - Personal Consumption Expenditures
- DSPIC96 - Real Disposable Personal Income
- PSAVERT - Personal Saving Rate
- M2SL - M2
- BOPGSTB - U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services: Balance
- MSPUS - Median Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States
- HSN1F - New One Family Houses Sold: United States
- RHORUSQ156N - Homeownership Rate in the United States
- TTLCONS - Total Construction Spending: Total Construction in the United States
- RRVRUSQ156N - Rental Vacancy Rate in the United States
- TOTALSL - Total Consumer Credit Owned and Securitized
- REVOLSL - Revolving Consumer Credit Owned and Securitized
- DRCCLACBS - Delinquency Rate on Credit Card Loans, All Commercial Banks
- GDP - Gross Domestic Product
- GPDI - Gross Private Domestic Investment
- GCE - Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment
- PCEC - Personal Consumption Expenditures
- NETEXP - Net Exports of Goods and Services
- GFDEBTN - Federal Debt: Total Public Debt
- GFDEGDQ188S - Federal Debt: Total Public Debt as Percent of Gross Domestic Product
- FYFSD - Federal Surplus or Deficit
- FGRECPT - Federal Government Current Receipts
- FGEXPND - Federal Government: Current Expenditures
- MANEMP - All Employees, Manufacturing
- USCONS - All Employees, Construction
- USTRADE - All Employees, Retail Trade
- USFIRE - All Employees, Financial Activities
- USGOVT - All Employees, Government
- AWHAETP - Average Weekly Hours of All Employees, Total Private
- DGORDER - Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods
- NEWORDER - Manufacturers' New Orders: Nondefense Capital Goods Excluding Aircraft
- BUSINV - Total Business Inventories
- EXPGS - Exports of Goods and Services
- IMPGS - Imports of Goods and Services
- IR - Import Price Index (End Use): All Commodities
- PPIFIS - Producer Price Index by Commodity: Final Demand
Latest quarter (10-Q)
Latest 10-Q source: 0001376474-26-000059.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Forward-looking statements Some of the statements made in this Report or in the documents incorporated by reference in this Report and in other materials filed or to be filed by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) as well as information included in verbal or written statements made by us constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are subject to the safe harbor provisions of the reform act. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of terminology such as may, will, expect, anticipate, intend, believe, estimate, should, or continue, or the negatives of these terms or other variations on these words or comparable terminology. To the extent that this Report contains forward-looking statements regarding the financial condition, operating results, business prospects, or any other aspect of NVE, you should be aware that our actual financial condition, operating results, and business performance may differ materially from that projected or estimated by us in the forward-looking statements. We have attempted to identify, in context, some of the factors that we currently believe may cause actual future experience and results to differ from their current expectations. These differences may be caused by a variety of factors, including but not limited to risks related to our reliance on several large customers for a significant percentage of revenue, uncertainties related to the economic environments in the industries we serve, uncertainties related to future sales and revenues, risks and uncertainties related to tariffs, customs, duties, and other trade barriers, risks and uncertainties related to future stock repurchases and dividend payments, and other specific risks that may be alluded to in this Report or in the documents incorporated by reference in this Report. Further information regarding our risks and uncertainties is contained in Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 as updated in Part II, Item 1A of this report. General NVE Corporation referred to as NVE, we, us, or our, develops and sells devices that use spintronics, a nanotechnology that relies on electron spin rather than electron charge to acquire, store, and transmit information. We manufacture high-performance spintronic products including sensors and couplers that are used to acquire and transmit data. Critical accounting policies A description of our critical accounting policies is provided in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2025, our critical accounting policies and estimates continued to include marketable securities valuation, inventory valuation, and deferred tax assets estimation. 14 Table of Contents Quarter ended December 31, 2025, compared to quarter ended December 31, 2024 The table shown below summarizes the percentage of revenue and quarter-to-quarter changes for various items: Percentage of Revenue Quarter Ended December 31, Quarter- to-Quarter 2025 2024 Change Revenue Product sales 92.8 % 98.0 % 16.5 % Contract research and development 7.2 % 2.0 % 335.0 % Total revenue 100.0 % 100.0 % 22.9 % Cost of sales 21.4 % 15.8 % 67.1 % Gross profit 78.6 % 84.2 % 14.7 % Expenses Research and development 12.8 % 17.2 % (8.5 ) % Selling, general, and administrative 5.6 % 8.6 % (19.0 )% Total expenses 18.4 % 25.8 % (12.0 )% Income from operations 60.2 % 58.4 % 26.5 % Interest income 7.4 % 9.4 % (2.6 ) % Other income - % 2.7 % - Income before taxes 67.6 % 70.5 % 17.8 % Provision for income taxes 13.2 % 10.3 % 57.5 % Net income 54.4 % 60.2 % 11.0 % Total revenue for the quarter ended December 31, 2025 (the third quarter of fiscal 2026) increased 23% compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2024 (the third quarter of fiscal 2025). The increase was due to a 16% increase in product sales and a 335% increase in contract research and development revenue. The increase in product sales was due to increases in both defense and non-defense sales, as well as increases in sales through both direct and distributor channels. The increase in contract research and development revenue was due to new research and development contracts. Gross margin for the third quarter of fiscal 2026 was 79% of revenue compared to 84% the prior-year quarter. The decrease in gross margin percentage was due to a less profitable product mix and increased distributor sales for the quarter. Distributor sales typically have lower gross margin than direct sales. Total expenses decreased 12% for the third quarter of fiscal 2026 compared to the third quarter of fiscal 2025, due to a 9% decrease in research and development expense and a 19% decrease in selling, general, and administrative expense. The decrease in research and development expense was due to the completion of some of our wafer-level chip scale packaging activities and reassignment of some research and development resources to manufacturing. The decrease in selling, general, and administrative expenses was primarily due to the timing of marketing activities and reassignment of some selling, general and administrative resources to manufacturing and new product development. Interest income decreased 3% due to decrease in our marketable securities portfolio as proceeds from bond maturities partially funded dividends and fixed asset purchases. Other income decreased by $135,057, which was primarily from reclaiming precious metals used in our manufacturing process in the prior-year quarter. Our effective tax rate, which is the provision for income taxes as a percentage of income before taxes, increased to 20% for the third quarter of fiscal 2026 from 15% for the third quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase in our effective tax rate was primarily due to the unfavorable non-cash impact of tax law changes on certain tax deductions this fiscal year. We currently expect a full-year tax rate of 16% to 17% for fiscal 2026. This expectation includes the unfavorable impact of tax law changes and the favorable impact of $700,000 to $1,000,000 in anticipated advanced manufacturing investment tax credits. The increase in net income in the third quarter of fiscal 2026 compared to the prior-year quarter was primarily due to increased revenue and decreased expenses, partially offset by decreased gross margin, decreased interest and other income, and an increase in our effective tax rate. 15 Table of Contents Nine months ended December 31, 2025, compared to nine months ended December 31, 2024 The table shown below summarizes the percentage of revenue and year-to-year changes for various items: Percentage of Revenue Nine Months Ended Dec. 31, Period- to-Period 2025 2024 Change Revenue Product sales 95.4 % 95.0 % 0.8 % Contract research and development 4.6 % 5.0 % (8.0 )% Total revenue 100.0 % 100.0 % 0.4 % Cost of sales 20.8 % 14.6 % 43.1 % Gross profit 79.2 % 85.4 % (6.9 ) % Expenses Research and development 12.8 % 14.0 % (8.0 )% Selling, general, and administrative 6.5 % 8.2 % (21.8 )% Total expenses 19.3 % 22.2 % (13.1 )% Income from operations 59.9 % 63.2 % (4.8 ) % Interest income 7.7 % 7.7 % 0.8 % Other income 0.0 % 0.7 % (97.1 ) Income before taxes 67.6 % 71.6 % (5.1 )% Provision for income taxes 12.6 % 11.6 % 10.4 % Net income 55.0 % 60.0 % (8.1 )% Total revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2025 increased 0.4% compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2024. The increase was due to a 0.8% increase in product sales, partially offset by an 8% decrease in contract research and development revenue. The decrease in contract research and development revenue was primarily due to the timing of revenue recognition and fewer research and development contracts for the nine months ended December 31, 2025, compared to the prior-year period. Gross margin for the first nine months of fiscal 2026 was 79% of revenue, compared to 85% for the first nine months of fiscal 2025. The decrease in gross margin percentage was due to a less profitable product mix and increased distributor sales for the nine months ended December 31, 2025, compared to the prior-year period. Distributor sales typically have lower gross margin than direct sales. Total expenses decreased by 13% for the first nine months of fiscal 2026 compared to the first nine months of fiscal 2025, due to an 8% decrease in research and development expense and a 22% decrease in selling, general, and administrative expense. The decrease in research and development expense was due to the completion of some of our wafer-level chip scale packaging activities and reassignment of some research and development resources to manufacturing. The decrease in selling, general, and administrative expenses was primarily due to the timing of marketing activities, and reassignment of some selling, general and administrative resources to manufacturing and new product development. Our effective tax rate increased to 19% for the first nine months of fiscal 2026 compared to 16% for the first nine months of fiscal 2025. The increase in our effective tax rate was primarily due to the non-cash impact of tax law changes on certain tax deductions this fiscal year. Net income for first nine months of fiscal 2026 decreased 8% from the prior-year period to $10.3 million, or $2.12 per diluted share. The decrease was primarily due to decreased gross margin, decreased other income, and an increase in our effective tax rate, partially offset by decreased expenses. 16 Table of Contents Liquidity and Capital Resources Overview Cash and cash equivalents were $3,408,531 as of December 31, 2025, compared to $8,036,564 as of March 31, 2025. The $4,628,033 decrease in cash and cash equivalents during the first nine months of fiscal 2026 was due to $2,288,676 of net cash used in investing activities and $14,511,498 of cash used in financing activities, partially offset by $12,172,141 in net cash provided by operating activities. Operating Activities Net cash provided by operating activities related to product sales and research and development contract revenue was our primary source of working capital for the current and prior-year periods. Non-cash operating lease expenses increased by $105,896 primarily due to our receipt of a $100,000 leasehold improvement allowance. Accounts receivable decreased by $1,106,223 during the first nine months of fiscal 2026 primarily due to the timing of customer payments. Inventories decreased by $177,285 due to increased product sales. Prepaid expenses and other assets increased by $323,301 primarily due to increased accrued bond interest and a decrease in federal and state taxes due. The decrease in taxes due was because we deducted previously unamortized research and development expenses in the quarter ended December 31, 2025 as permitted under the Federal budget reconciliation bill enacted July 4, 2025. We expect accelerated deductions of previously unamortized research and development expenses to reduce our cash taxes for the full fiscal year ending March 31, 2026 by approximately $1,100,000. Accrued payroll and other current liabilities decreased by $366,459 primarily due to the payment of federal and state taxes balance due as of March 31, 2025 and decreased accrual for performance-based compensation. Investing Activities Cash used by investing activities during the nine months ended December 31, 2025, consisted of $10,108,982 of marketable securi [Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]
Latest 10-K MD&A
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS. You should read this discussion together with our Financial Statements and Notes included elsewhere in this Report. In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains forward-looking information that involves risks and uncertainties. Our actual future results could differ materially from those presently anticipated due to a variety of factors, including those discussed in Item 1A of this Report. General We develop and sell devices that use “spintronics,” a nanotechnology that relies on electron spin rather than electron charge to acquire, store, and transmit information. We manufacture high-performance spintronic products including sensors and couplers to revolutionize data sensing and transmission. We also receive contracts for research and development and are a licensor of spintronic magnetoresistive random access memory technology, commonly known as MRAM. Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates In accordance with SEC guidance, those material accounting policies that we believe are the most critical to an investor’s understanding of our financial results and condition and require complex management judgment are discussed below. Marketable Securities Marketable securities consist of debt investments and are recorded at their estimated fair value. Debt securities are considered available for sale. Unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale debt securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income until realized. The costs of available-for-sale debt marketable securities are determined by specific identification for purposes of computing unrealized and realized gains and losses. Available-for-sale debt marketable securities are classified as short-term or long-term on the balance sheet based on their maturity date or expectations regarding future sales. We evaluated the available-for-sale debt securities for impairment and available-for-sale debt securities in loss position for greater than twelve months during fiscal 2026 and 2025. We monitor our debt marketable securities to determine whether a loss exists related to the credit quality of the issuer. If the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected from the security is less than the amortized cost basis of the security, then a credit loss exists and an allowance against the security for credit losses is recorded. The allowance is limited to the amount by which fair value is below amortized cost, recognizing that the investment could be sold at fair value. Credit losses continue to be remeasured in subsequent reporting periods. Credit losses and recoveries related to debt securities are included in other income (expenses) in the income statement. When developing an estimate of expected credit losses, we consider all relevant information including, historical experience, current conditions and reasonable forecast of expected future cash flows. There were no credit losses and recoveries during fiscal 2026 or 2025. Inventory Valuation Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined by the first in, first out method. Where there is evidence that inventory could be disposed of at less than carrying value, the inventory is written down to the net realizable value in the current period. Additionally, we periodically examine our inventory in the context of inventory turnover, sales trends, competition, and other market factors, and we record provisions to inventory reserve when we determine certain inventory is unlikely to be sold. If reserved inventory is subsequently sold, corresponding reductions in inventory and inventory reserves are made. Our inventory reserve was $215,000 as of March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025. Deferred Tax Estimation In determining the carrying value of our net deferred tax assets, we must assess the likelihood of sufficient future taxable income in certain tax jurisdictions, based on estimates and assumptions to realize the benefit of these assets. We evaluate the realizability of the deferred assets quarterly and assess the need for valuation allowances or reduction of existing allowances quarterly. No valuation allowance was recorded as we believe it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. We had net deferred tax liabilities of $248,284 as of March 31, 2026 and net deferred tax assets of $1,867,069 as of March 31, 2025. Net deferred tax liabilities as of March 31, 2026 include $139,228 for stock-based compensation deductions and net deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2025 include $118,810 for stock-based compensation deductions. 15 Table of Contents Results of Operations The following table summarizes the percentage of revenue and year-to-year changes for various items for the last two fiscal years: Percentage of Revenue Year Ended March 31, Year- to-Year 2026 2025 Change Revenue Product sales 95.8 % 95.2 % 2.4 % Contract research and development 4.2 % 4.8 % (10.7 )% Total revenue 100.0 % 100.0 % 1.8 % Cost of sales 21.3 % 16.4 % 32.2 % Gross profit 78.7 % 83.6 % (4.2 )% Expenses Research and development 12.0 % 14.1 % (13.1 )% Selling, general, and administrative 6.3 % 7.7 % (17.8 )% Total expenses 18.3 % 21.8 % (14.8 )% Income from operations 60.4 % 61.8 % (0.5 )% Interest income 7.2 % 7.4 % (0.9 )% Other income 0.0 % 0.5 % (97.1 )% Income before taxes 67.6 % 69.7 % (1.2 )% Provision for income taxes 9.9 % 11.5 % (12.0 )% Net income 57.7 % 58.2 % 0.9 % Total revenue for fiscal 2026 increased 1.8% compared to fiscal 2025 due to a 2.4% increase in product sales, partially offset by an 11% decrease in contract research and development revenue. The increase in product sales was primarily due to price increases and increased purchases by existing customers. The decrease in contract research and development revenue was due to the completion of certain research and development contracts. Gross profit was 79% of revenue for fiscal 2026 compared to 84% for fiscal 2025. The decrease in gross margin percentage was due to a less profitable product mix and increased distributor sales. Distributor sales typically have lower gross margin than direct sales. Total expenses decreased 15% for fiscal 2026 compared to fiscal 2025 due a 13% decrease in research and development expense and an 18% decrease in selling, general, and administrative expense. The decrease in research and development expense was due to the completion of some of our wafer-level chip scale packaging activities and reassignment of some research and development resources to manufacturing. The decrease in selling, general, and administrative expenses was primarily due to reassignment of some selling, general and administrative resources to manufacturing and new product development. Other income decreased by $131,465 for fiscal 2026 compared to fiscal 2025. Other income in fiscal 2025 was primarily from reclaiming precious metals used in our manufacturing process in the prior year. Our effective tax rate, which is the provision for income taxes as a percentage of income before taxes, decreased to 15% for fiscal 2026 compared to 16% for fiscal 2025. The decrease in our effective tax rate was primarily due to an increase in research and development and manufacturing tax credits, partially offset by a decrease in foreign-derived intangible income deductions. The fiscal 2026 provision for income taxes included $1,067,993 in advanced manufacturing investment tax credits. We expect such credits to decrease significantly in fiscal 2027 since we expect manufacturing equipment purchases to decrease significantly with the completion of our expansion. Net income increased 1% to $15,199,195 for fiscal 2026 compared to $15,064,516 the prior year. The increase was primarily due to increased revenue, decreased expenses, and decreased taxes, partially offset by decreased gross profit margin and decreased other income. Liquidity and Capital Resources Overview Our liquidity and operating capital requirements are primarily for purchases of raw materials such as foundry wafers, purchases of packaging services, and the maintenance of work-in-process inventories. Cash and cash equivalents were $1,714,040 as of March 31, 2026, compared to $8,036,564 as of March 31, 2025. The $6,322,524 decrease in cash and cash equivalents was due to $19,348,664 of cash used in financing activities and $3,631,857 of net cash used in investing activities, partially offset by $16,657,997 of cash provided by operating activities. Table of Contents Operating Activities Net cash provided by operating activities related to product sales and research and development contract revenue was our primary source of working capital for fiscal 2026 and 2025. Net cash provided by operating activities increased to $16,657,997 for fiscal 2026 compared to $14,310,418 for fiscal 2025. Non-cash operating lease expenses decreased $107,863 primarily due to our receipt of a $100,000 leasehold improvement allowance. Accounts receivable decreased $180,327 primarily due to the timing of customer payments. Inventories decreased $366,262 primarily due to increased product sales and conversion of raw materials and work-in-process inventories to finished goods to support increased product demand. Prepaid expenses and other assets increased $1,427,001 primarily due to increased accrued bond interest and overpayment of Federal estimated taxes for fiscal 2026. Accrued payroll and other current liabilities decreased $173,557 primarily due to the payment of federal and state taxes balance due as of March 31, 2025 in the first quarter of fiscal 2026. Investing Activities Net cash used in investing activities for fiscal 2026 consisted of $15,242,719 of marketable securities purchases and $2,189,138 of fixed asset purchases, partially offset by $13,800,000 in proceeds from maturities of marketable securities. Fixed asset purchases were primarily of production equipment. We expect fixed asset purchases to decrease significantly in fiscal 2027 with the completion of our expansion. Financing Activities Net cash used in financing activities in fiscal 2026 consisted of $19,348,664 of cash dividends paid to shareholders. In addition to cash dividends to shareholders paid in fiscal 2026, on May 6, 2026, we announced that our Board had declared a cash dividend of $1.00 per share of Common Stock, or $4,837,166 based on shares outstanding as of March 31, 2026, to be paid May 29, 2026. We plan to fund dividends through cash provided by operating activities and proceeds from maturities of marketable securities. All future dividends will be subject to Board approval and subject to the company’s results of operations, cash and marketable security balances, estimates of future cash requirements, and other factors the Board may deem relevant. Furthermore, dividends may be modified or discontinued at any time without notice.