Happen, Inc. (LC)
SIC breadcrumb: Finance, Insurance, And Real Estate > SIC Major Group 61 > SIC 6141 Personal Credit Institutions
SEC company page: https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=1409970. Latest filing source: 0001409970-26-000018.
Informational only - descriptive public-record data, not investment advice.
Business
Read LC's verbatim Item 1 Business section from its latest 10-K: Business.
Risk Factors
Read LC's verbatim Item 1A Risk Factors from its latest 10-K: Risk Factors.
Selected Fundamentals
| Metric | Value | Unit | FY | Filed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 998,848,000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-12 |
| Net income | 135,677,000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-12 |
| Assets | 11,567,816,000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-12 |
Financials
Annual standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-02-12. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001409970.json. Derived margins, ratios, and free cash flow are computed from the extracted annual SEC facts.
| Metric | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 758,607,000 | 318,084,000 | 818,630,000 | 1,187,216,000 | 864,619,000 | 787,011,000 | 998,848,000 | ||||
| Net income | -145,969,000 | -153,835,000 | -128,308,000 | -30,745,000 | -187,538,000 | 18,580,000 | 289,685,000 | 38,939,000 | 51,330,000 | 135,677,000 | |
| Diluted EPS | -0.01 | -0.38 | -1.88 | -1.52 | -0.35 | 0.18 | 2.79 | 0.36 | 0.45 | 1.16 | |
| Operating cash flow | 545,000 | -573,388,000 | -639,741,000 | -270,644,000 | 418,031,000 | 239,869,000 | 375,568,000 | -1,136,600,000 | -2,634,174,000 | -2,726,940,000 | |
| Capital expenditures | 51,842,000 | 44,615,000 | 52,976,000 | 50,668,000 | 31,147,000 | 34,413,000 | 69,481,000 | 59,509,000 | 54,302,000 | 140,341,000 | |
| Assets | 5,562,631,000 | 4,640,831,000 | 3,819,527,000 | 2,982,341,000 | 1,863,293,000 | 4,900,319,000 | 7,979,747,000 | 8,827,463,000 | 10,630,509,000 | 11,567,816,000 | |
| Liabilities | 4,586,861,000 | 3,713,074,000 | 2,948,546,000 | 2,082,154,000 | 1,139,122,000 | 4,050,077,000 | 6,815,453,000 | 7,575,641,000 | 9,288,778,000 | 10,067,388,000 | |
| Stockholders' equity | 1,041,860,000 | 975,770,000 | 922,495,000 | 869,201,000 | 900,187,000 | 850,242,000 | 1,164,294,000 | 1,251,822,000 | 1,341,731,000 | 1,500,428,000 | |
| Free cash flow | -51,297,000 | -618,003,000 | -692,717,000 | -321,312,000 | 386,884,000 | 205,456,000 | 306,087,000 | -1,196,109,000 | -2,688,476,000 | -2,867,281,000 |
Ratios
| Metric | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net margin | -4.05% | -58.96% | 2.27% | 24.40% | 4.50% | 6.52% | 13.58% | ||||
| Return on equity | -14.96% | -16.68% | -14.76% | -3.42% | 2.19% | 24.88% | 3.11% | 3.83% | 9.04% | ||
| Return on assets | -2.62% | -3.31% | -3.36% | -1.03% | -10.06% | 0.38% | 3.63% | 0.44% | 0.48% | 1.17% | |
| Liabilities / equity | 4.70 | 4.03 | 3.39 | 2.31 | 4.76 | 5.85 | 6.05 | 6.92 | 6.71 |
Industry Peer Context
Net margin peer context
ROE peer context
ROA peer context
Financial Bridges
Free cash flow = operating cash flow - capital expenditures
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts FY 2025. Operating cash flow: accession 0001409970-26-000018; concept NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities; source concepts us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities | Capital expenditures: accession 0001409970-26-000018; concept PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment; source concepts us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment | Free cash flow: accession 0001409970-26-000018; concept NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities - PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment; source concepts us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities; us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment
Financial Charts
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2025 ended 2025-12-31; accession 0001409970-26-000018; filed 2026-02-12. Concept: RevenuesNetOfInterestExpense. Source concepts: us-gaap:RevenuesNetOfInterestExpense.
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2025 ended 2025-12-31; accession 0001409970-26-000018; filed 2026-02-12. Concept: NetIncomeLoss. Source concepts: us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss.
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2025 ended 2025-12-31; accession 0001409970-26-000018; filed 2026-02-12. Concept: EarningsPerShareDiluted. Source concepts: us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted.
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2025 ended 2025-12-31; accession 0001409970-26-000018; filed 2026-02-12. Concept: NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities. Source concepts: us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities.
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2025 ended 2025-12-31; accession 0001409970-26-000018; filed 2026-02-12. Concept: PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment. Source concepts: us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2025 ended 2025-12-31; accession 0001409970-26-000018; filed 2026-02-12. Concept: Assets. Source concepts: us-gaap:Assets.
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2025 ended 2025-12-31; accession 0001409970-26-000018; filed 2026-02-12. Concept: Liabilities. Source concepts: us-gaap:Liabilities.
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2025 ended 2025-12-31; accession 0001409970-26-000018; filed 2026-02-12. Concept: StockholdersEquity. Source concepts: us-gaap:StockholdersEquity.
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2025 ended 2025-12-31; accession 0001409970-26-000018; filed 2026-02-12. Concept: NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities - PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment. Source concepts: us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities; us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment.
Quarterly
Quarterly standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-07-30. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001409970.json.
| Quarter | End Date | Revenue | Net Income | Diluted EPS | Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-Q3 | 2019-09-30 | 0.00 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2020-Q3 | 2020-09-30 | -34,325,000 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2020-Q4 | 2020-12-31 | -26,655,000 | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD | ||
| 2023-Q1 | 2023-03-31 | 0.13 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2023-Q2 | 2023-06-30 | 0.09 | reported discrete quarter | ||
| 2023-Q3 | 2023-09-30 | 200,849,000 | 0.05 | reported discrete quarter | |
| 2023-Q4 | 2023-12-31 | 185,606,000 | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD | ||
| 2024-Q1 | 2024-03-31 | 180,688,000 | 12,250,000 | 0.11 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q2 | 2024-06-30 | 187,241,000 | 14,903,000 | 0.13 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q3 | 2024-09-30 | 201,881,000 | 14,457,000 | 0.13 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q4 | 2024-12-31 | 217,201,000 | 9,720,000 | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD | |
| 2025-Q1 | 2025-03-31 | 217,711,000 | 11,671,000 | 0.10 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q2 | 2025-06-30 | 248,435,000 | 38,178,000 | 0.33 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q3 | 2025-09-30 | 266,231,000 | 44,274,000 | 0.37 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q4 | 2025-12-31 | 266,471,000 | 41,554,000 | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD | |
| 2026-Q1 | 2026-03-31 | 252,251,000 | 51,603,000 | 0.44 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2026-Q2 | 2026-06-30 | 262,855,000 | 58,148,000 | 0.50 | reported discrete quarter |
Quarterly Charts
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2026 ended 2026-06-30; accession 0001409970-26-000163; filed 2026-07-30. Concept: RevenuesNetOfInterestExpense. Source concepts: us-gaap:RevenuesNetOfInterestExpense.
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2026 ended 2026-06-30; accession 0001409970-26-000163; filed 2026-07-30. Concept: NetIncomeLoss. Source concepts: us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss.
Figure provenance: SEC companyfacts. Latest point: FY 2026 ended 2026-06-30; accession 0001409970-26-000163; filed 2026-07-30. Concept: EarningsPerShareDiluted. Source concepts: us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted.
Macro Cross-References
- CPIAUCSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average
- UNRATE - Unemployment Rate
- FEDFUNDS - Federal Funds Effective Rate
- CES0500000003 - Average Hourly Earnings of All Employees, Total Private
- DFEDTARU - Federal Funds Target Range - Upper Limit
- DFEDTARL - Federal Funds Target Range - Lower Limit
- DGS3MO - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 3-Month Constant Maturity
- DGS2 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 2-Year Constant Maturity
- DGS10 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 10-Year Constant Maturity
- DGS30 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 30-Year Constant Maturity
- T10Y2Y - 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Minus 2-Year Treasury Constant Maturity
- CPILFESL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Food and Energy
- CPIUFDSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food
- CPIENGSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy
- CUSR0000SAH1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Shelter
- PCEPI - Personal Consumption Expenditures: Chain-type Price Index
- PCEPILFE - Personal Consumption Expenditures Excluding Food and Energy: Chain-type Price Index
- PPIACO - Producer Price Index by Commodity: All Commodities
- T10YIE - 10-Year Breakeven Inflation Rate
- U6RATE - Total Unemployed, Plus All Marginally Attached Workers Plus Total Employed Part Time for Economic Reasons
- PAYEMS - All Employees, Total Nonfarm
- CIVPART - Labor Force Participation Rate
- EMRATIO - Employment-Population Ratio
- UNEMPLOY - Unemployed
- CE16OV - Employment Level
- ICSA - Initial Claims
- JTSJOL - Job Openings: Total Nonfarm
- JTSQUR - Quits: Total Nonfarm
- GDPC1 - Real Gross Domestic Product
- A191RL1Q225SBEA - Real Gross Domestic Product: Percent Change from Preceding Period
- INDPRO - Industrial Production: Total Index
- TCU - Capacity Utilization: Total Index
- HOUST - New Privately-Owned Housing Units Started: Total Units
- PERMIT - New Privately-Owned Housing Units Authorized in Permit-Issuing Places: Total Units
- RSAFS - Advance Retail Sales: Retail Trade
- PCE - Personal Consumption Expenditures
- DSPIC96 - Real Disposable Personal Income
- PSAVERT - Personal Saving Rate
- M2SL - M2
- BOPGSTB - U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services: Balance
- MSPUS - Median Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States
- HSN1F - New One Family Houses Sold: United States
- RHORUSQ156N - Homeownership Rate in the United States
- TTLCONS - Total Construction Spending: Total Construction in the United States
- RRVRUSQ156N - Rental Vacancy Rate in the United States
- TOTALSL - Total Consumer Credit Owned and Securitized
- REVOLSL - Revolving Consumer Credit Owned and Securitized
- DRCCLACBS - Delinquency Rate on Credit Card Loans, All Commercial Banks
- GDP - Gross Domestic Product
- GPDI - Gross Private Domestic Investment
- GCE - Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment
- PCEC - Personal Consumption Expenditures
- NETEXP - Net Exports of Goods and Services
- GFDEBTN - Federal Debt: Total Public Debt
- GFDEGDQ188S - Federal Debt: Total Public Debt as Percent of Gross Domestic Product
- FYFSD - Federal Surplus or Deficit
- FGRECPT - Federal Government Current Receipts
- FGEXPND - Federal Government: Current Expenditures
- MANEMP - All Employees, Manufacturing
- USCONS - All Employees, Construction
- USTRADE - All Employees, Retail Trade
- USFIRE - All Employees, Financial Activities
- USGOVT - All Employees, Government
- AWHAETP - Average Weekly Hours of All Employees, Total Private
- DGORDER - Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods
- NEWORDER - Manufacturers' New Orders: Nondefense Capital Goods Excluding Aircraft
- BUSINV - Total Business Inventories
- EXPGS - Exports of Goods and Services
- IMPGS - Imports of Goods and Services
- IR - Import Price Index (End Use): All Commodities
- PPIFIS - Producer Price Index by Commodity: Final Demand
Latest quarter (10-Q)
Latest 10-Q source: 0001409970-26-000163.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Report). In addition to historical condensed consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Report, and in “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 (Annual Report) and, if applicable, as modified by “Part II – Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Report. The forward-looking statements included in this Report are made only as of the date hereof and we do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
| Overview | 60 | |
|---|---|---|
| Results of Operations | 63 | |
| Net Interest Income | 65 | |
| Non-Interest Income | 70 | |
| Provision for Credit Losses | 74 | |
| Non-Interest Expense | 78 | |
| Income Taxes | 80 | |
| Segment Information | 81 | |
| Non-GAAP Financial Measures | 83 | |
| Supervision and Regulatory Environment | 85 | |
| Capital Management | 86 | |
| Liquidity | 87 | |
| Market Risk | 89 | |
| Contingencies | 90 | |
| Critical Accounting Estimates | 90 |
59
HAPPEN, INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Overview
On June 22, 2026, we changed our corporate name from LendingClub Corporation to Happen, Inc., and the name of our wholly-owned banking subsidiary from LendingClub Bank, National Association to Happen Bank, National Association (Happen Bank). Happen, Inc. operates a leading, nationally chartered, digital marketplace bank that leverages data and technology to increase access to credit, reduce borrowing costs, and improve returns on savings for our members. Happen, Inc. is registered as a bank holding company and operates the vast majority of its business through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Happen Bank.
Election of Fair Value Option
Effective January 1, 2026, we elected the fair value option to account for held for investment (HFI) loans that were originated on or after that date (fair value option election). Prior to this election, loans that were originated as HFI were, and will continue to be, accounted for at amortized cost, which required the initial recognition of a CECL allowance for lifetime expected credit losses. We believe that applying the fair value option, rather than amortized cost accounting with the CECL methodology, to HFI loans more accurately reflects the in-period economic performance of the loans by better aligning the value of the loan to its then fair value. Under the fair value option, origination fee revenue and marketing costs are recognized in earnings at the time of loan origination, rather than being deferred. Fair value adjustments on loans are recognized in current period earnings within “Net fair value adjustments” and include the impact of credit losses that previously would have been recorded as a provision expense under CECL. Further, by applying the fair value option to HFI loans, we are applying the same accounting methodology to all loans we originate on or after January 1, 2026, as both HFI and held for sale (HFS) loans are now measured at fair value.
Financial Highlights
We delivered several financial achievements in the second quarter of 2026, including total net revenue of $262.9 million, an increase of 6% compared to the same period in the prior year. This growth was primarily driven by an increase in loan origination volume, an increase in loan sales and loan sale pricing, as well as higher net interest income due to an increase in total interest-earning assets. Net income grew to $58.1 million, with diluted EPS of $0.50, compared to $38.2 million, with diluted EPS of $0.33, in the prior year.
The following tables summarize our selected financial data:
| As of and for the three months ended | As of and for the six months ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 30, 2026 | March 31, 2026 | June 30, 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | $ | 179,017 | $ | 176,234 | $ | 154,249 | $ | 355,251 | $ | 304,206 | ||||||||
| Non-interest income | 83,838 | 76,017 | 94,186 | 159,855 | 161,940 | |||||||||||||
| Total net revenue | 262,855 | 252,251 | 248,435 | 515,106 | 466,146 | |||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | (10,917) | 390 | 39,733 | (10,527) | 97,882 | |||||||||||||
| Non-interest expense | 198,115 | 184,533 | 154,718 | 382,648 | 298,585 | |||||||||||||
| Income before income tax expense | 75,657 | 67,328 | 53,984 | 142,985 | 69,679 | |||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | (17,509) | (15,725) | (15,806) | (33,234) | (19,830) | |||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 58,148 | $ | 51,603 | $ | 38,178 | $ | 109,751 | $ | 49,849 | ||||||||
| Diluted EPS | $ | 0.50 | $ | 0.44 | $ | 0.33 | $ | 0.94 | $ | 0.43 | ||||||||
| Total loan originations (in millions)(1) | $ | 3,145 | $ | 2,669 | $ | 2,433 | $ | 5,814 | $ | 4,465 | ||||||||
| Current period originations sold or held for sale | $ | 2,039 | $ | 1,717 | $ | 1,702 | $ | 3,756 | $ | 3,016 | ||||||||
| Current period originations held for investment | $ | 1,107 | $ | 952 | $ | 731 | $ | 2,059 | $ | 1,448 | ||||||||
| Total servicing portfolio (in millions)(2) | $ | 14,596 | $ | 13,854 | $ | 12,524 | ||||||||||||
| Loans serviced for others | $ | 8,231 | $ | 7,750 | $ | 7,185 |
60
HAPPEN, INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| As of and for the three months ended | As of and for the six months ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 30, 2026 | March 31, 2026 | June 30, 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||
| Performance Metrics: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest margin | 6.14 | % | 6.28 | % | 6.14 | % | 6.21 | % | 6.05 | % | ||||||||
| Profit margin(3) | 28.8 | % | 26.7 | % | 21.7 | % | 27.8 | % | 14.9 | % | ||||||||
| Return on average equity (ROE)(4) | 15.1 | % | 13.7 | % | 11.1 | % | 14.4 | % | 7.3 | % | ||||||||
| Return on tangible common equity (ROTCE)(5)(6) | 15.9 | % | 14.5 | % | 11.8 | % | 15.2 | % | 7.8 | % | ||||||||
| Return on average total assets (ROA)(7) | 1.9 | % | 1.8 | % | 1.5 | % | 1.8 | % | 1.0 | % | ||||||||
| Marketing expense as a % of loan originations(1) | 1.99 | % | 2.08 | % | 1.38 | % | 2.03 | % | 1.41 | % | ||||||||
| Average balance - total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 5,108,678 | $ | 4,797,639 | $ | 4,899,272 | $ | 4,954,018 | $ | 4,965,101 | ||||||||
| Net charge-offs - total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 40,599 | $ | 42,493 | $ | 46,078 | $ | 83,092 | $ | 122,206 | ||||||||
| Net charge-off ratio - total loans and leases held for investment(8) | 3.2 | % | 3.5 | % | 3.8 | % | 3.4 | % | 4.9 | % | ||||||||
| Capital Metrics: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | 16.9 | % | 17.0 | % | 17.5 | % | ||||||||||||
| Tier 1 leverage ratio | 11.9 | % | 11.9 | % | 12.2 | % | ||||||||||||
| Book value per common share | $ | 13.58 | $ | 13.19 | $ | 12.25 | ||||||||||||
| Tangible book value per common share(6) | $ | 12.89 | $ | 12.49 | $ | 11.53 |
(1) Beginning in the first quarter of 2026, includes all loans originated during the respective periods (unsecured consumer loans, auto loans and small business loans). Previously this included unsecured consumer loans and auto loans only. Prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. See “Non-Interest Income” for additional information.
(2) Reflects loans serviced on our platform, which includes unsecured consumer loans and auto loans serviced for others for which servicing rights are retained by the Company.
(3) Calculated as the ratio of income before income tax expense to total net revenue.
(4) Calculated as annualized net income divided by average equity for the period presented.
(5) Calculated as annualized net income divided by average tangible common equity for the period presented.
(6) Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information.
(7) Calculated as annualized net income divided by average total assets for the period presented.
(8) Beginning in the first quarter of 2026, the net charge-off ratio is calculated as annualized net charge-offs for total loans and leases held for investment (at amortized cost and fair value) divided by average total outstanding loans and leases held for investment during the period. Prior to the first quarter of 2026, this was calculated based on loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost only. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
| As of the period ended | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 30, 2026 | March 31, 2026 | June 30, 2025 | ||||||||
| Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||||||
| Securities available for sale | $ | 4,046,761 | $ | 3,867,576 | $ | 3,527,142 | ||||
| Loans held for sale | $ | 1,773,052 | $ | 1,836,121 | $ | 1,008,168 | ||||
| Loans and leases held for investment | $ | 5,078,318 | $ | 4,700,990 | $ | 4,765,068 | ||||
| Total loans and leases | $ | 6,851,370 | $ | 6,537,111 | $ | 5,773,236 | ||||
| Total assets | $ | 12,549,040 | $ | 11,939,839 | $ | 10,775,333 | ||||
| Total deposits(1) | $ | 10,765,267 | $ | 10,189,511 | $ | 9,136,124 | ||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 10,981,575 | $ | 10,416,311 | $ | 9,369,298 | ||||
| Total equity | $ | 1,567,465 | $ | 1,523,528 | $ | 1,406,035 |
(1) As of June 30, 2026, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)-insured deposits represent approximately 88% of total deposits.
61
HAPPEN, INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Credit Quality Indicators
We evaluate the credit quality of our loan and leases held for investment based on delinquency status and payment activity. The following tables present loans and leases held for investment (at amortized cost and fair value) by delinquency status:
[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["June 30, 2026","Current","","30-59 Days","","60-89 Days","","90 or More Days","","Total","","Guaranteed Amount(1)"],["Unsecured consumer(2)","$","3,966,514","","","$","19,724","","","$","16,249","","","$","14,386","","","$","4,016,873","","","$","\u2014"],["Residential mortgages","146,498","","","\u2014","","","\u2014","","","962","","","147,460","","","\u2014"],["Secured consumer","406,339","","","2,378","","","741","","","157","","","409,615","","","\u2014"],["Total consumer loans held for investment","4,519,351","","","22,102","","","16,990","","","15,505","","","4,573,948","","","\u2014"],["Equipment finance(3)","29,827","","","\u2014","","","\u2014","","","3,422","","","33,249","","","\u2014"],["Commercial real estate(4)","490,680","","","1,765","","","\u2014","","","6,373","","","498,818","","","38,783"],["Commercial and industrial","136,122","","",
[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]
Latest 10-K MD&A
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear in this Annual Report. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and in this Annual Report, particularly in “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors.” The forward-looking statements included in this Report are made only as of the date hereof and we do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
Overview
LendingClub operates a leading, nationally chartered, digital marketplace bank that leverages data and technology to increase access to credit, reduce borrowing costs, and improve returns on savings for our members.
Election of Fair Value Option
Effective January 1, 2026, we elected the fair value option to account for held for investment (HFI) loans that were originated on or after that date. Prior to this election, loans that were originated as HFI were, and we expect will continue to be, accounted for at amortized cost, which required the initial recognition of an allowance for lifetime expected credit losses under the CECL methodology, recognized within “Provision for credit losses” on the Income Statement. We believe that applying the fair value option, rather than the CECL methodology, to HFI loans more accurately reflects the in-period economic performance of the loans by better aligning the value of the loan to its then fair value. Under the fair value option, origination fee revenue and marketing costs are recognized in earnings at the time of loan origination, rather than being deferred, and changes in fair value of loans are recognized in current period earnings within “Net fair value adjustments” on the Income Statement. Further, by applying the fair value option to HFI loans, we are applying the same accounting methodology to all loans we originate after January 1, 2026, as both HFI and held for sale (HFS) loans will be measured at fair value.
Executive Summary
The following is a summary of our results for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, reflecting growth in loan originations, total net revenue and net income.
•Loan originations: Loan originations increased $2.4 billion, or 33%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was driven by an increase in unsecured personal loan origination volume.
◦Marketplace loan originations increased $1.7 billion, or 30%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, driven by a higher retention of HFS loans and an increase in marketplace investor demand. Loan originations HFS as a percentage of loan originations was 74% and 76% for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
◦Loan originations HFI at amortized cost increased $719.3 million, or 41%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. Loan originations HFI at amortized cost as a percentage of loan originations was 26% and 24% for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
•Total net revenue: Total net revenue increased $211.8 million, or 27%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
◦Marketplace revenue: Marketplace revenue increased $113.2 million, or 47%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily due to higher origination volume of marketplace loans and improved loan sales prices.
◦Net interest income: Net interest income increased $91.6 million, or 17%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in total interest-earning assets and lower deposit funding costs.
◦Net interest margin: Net interest margin for the year ended December 31, 2025 was 6.07%, increasing from 5.62% in the prior year.
•Provision for credit losses: Provision for credit losses increased $13.1 million, or 7%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily driven by a higher volume of originated loans retained as HFI at amortized cost, partially offset by a shift in the mix of loans toward types with lower expected credit losses and the impact of an $8.0 million provision recognized in 2024 related to one legacy office loan within our commercial real estate (CRE) portfolio.
•Total non-interest expense: Total non-interest expense increased $86.9 million, or 16%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in marketing expense based on higher origination volume and the resumption of certain marketing initiatives, as well as increases in professional services expense and compensation and benefit expense.
•Net income: Net income increased $84.3 million, or 164%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.
•Diluted earnings per share (EPS): Diluted EPS increased to $1.16 for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $0.45 for the prior year.
•Pre-provision net revenue (PPNR): PPNR for the year ended December 31, 2025 increased $124.9 million, or 51%, compared to the same period in 2024, driven by an increase in total net revenue, partially offset by an increase in non-interest expense.
•Total assets: Total assets were $11.6 billion as of December 31, 2025 compared to $10.6 billion in the prior year. Total assets increased year-over-year primarily driven by an increase in loans on our balance sheet.
•Deposits: Total deposits were $9.8 billion as of December 31, 2025 compared to $9.1 billion in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to growth in our high-yield savings deposits.
◦Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)-insured deposits represent approximately 88% of total deposits as of December 31, 2025.
The above summary should be read in conjunction with this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in its entirety. For additional discussion related to our operating segments, see “Segment Information.”
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Financial Highlights
We regularly review several metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions. The following presents our select financial metrics for the periods presented:
| As of and for the year ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income | $ | 373,176 | $ | 252,970 | $ | 302,781 | ||||
| Net interest income | 625,672 | 534,041 | 561,838 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 998,848 | 787,011 | 864,619 | |||||||
| Non-interest expense | 630,582 | 543,678 | 566,437 | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue (1) | 368,266 | 243,333 | 298,182 | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 191,320 | 178,267 | 243,565 | |||||||
| Income before income tax expense | 176,946 | 65,066 | 54,617 | |||||||
| Income tax expense | (41,269) | (13,736) | (15,678) | |||||||
| Net income | $ | 135,677 | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | ||||
| Basic EPS | $ | 1.18 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 0.36 | ||||
| Diluted EPS | $ | 1.16 | $ | 0.45 | $ | 0.36 | ||||
| LendingClub Corporation Performance Metrics: | ||||||||||
| Net interest margin | 6.07 | % | 5.62 | % | 6.97 | % | ||||
| Efficiency ratio (2) | 63.1 | % | 69.1 | % | 65.5 | % | ||||
| Return on average equity (ROE) | 9.6 | % | 4.0 | % | 3.2 | % | ||||
| Return on tangible common equity (ROTCE) (1) | 10.2 | % | 4.3 | % | 3.5 | % | ||||
| Return on average total assets (ROA) | 1.3 | % | 0.5 | % | 0.5 | % | ||||
| Marketing as a % of loan originations | 1.56 | % | 1.39 | % | 1.26 | % | ||||
| LendingClub Corporation Capital Metrics: | ||||||||||
| Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | 17.4 | % | 17.3 | % | 17.9 | % | ||||
| Tier 1 leverage ratio | 12.0 | % | 11.0 | % | 12.9 | % | ||||
| Book value per common share | $ | 13.01 | $ | 11.83 | $ | 11.34 | ||||
| Tangible book value per common share (1) | $ | 12.30 | $ | 11.09 | $ | 10.54 | ||||
| Loan Originations (in millions) (3): | ||||||||||
| Marketplace loans | $ | 7,134 | $ | 5,482 | $ | 5,253 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment | 2,455 | 1,735 | 2,184 | |||||||
| Total loan originations | $ | 9,589 | $ | 7,218 | $ | 7,437 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment as a % of total loan originations | 26 | % | 24 | % | 29 | % | ||||
| Servicing Portfolio AUM (in millions) (4): | ||||||||||
| Total servicing portfolio | $ | 13,423 | $ | 12,371 | $ | 14,122 | ||||
| Loans serviced for others | $ | 7,601 | $ | 7,207 | $ | 9,336 |
(1) Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information.
(2) Calculated as the ratio of non-interest expense to total net revenue.
(3) Includes unsecured personal loans and auto loans only.
(4) Assets under management (AUM) reflects loans serviced on our platform, which includes outstanding balances of unsecured personal loans and auto refinance loans serviced for others and retained by the Company as of the end of the periods presented.
58
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| As of December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||
| Securities available for sale | $ | 3,706,709 | $ | 3,452,648 | ||
| Loans held for sale at fair value | $ | 1,762,396 | $ | 636,352 | ||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | $ | 4,272,812 | $ | 4,125,818 | ||
| Gross allowance for loan and lease losses (1) | $ | (312,667) | $ | (285,686) | ||
| Recovery asset value (2) | $ | 36,924 | $ | 48,952 | ||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | $ | (275,743) | $ | (236,734) | ||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost, net | $ | 3,997,069 | $ | 3,889,084 | ||
| Loans held for investment at fair value | $ | 473,314 | $ | 1,027,798 | ||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 4,470,383 | $ | 4,916,882 | ||
| Total assets | $ | 11,567,816 | $ | 10,630,509 | ||
| Total deposits | $ | 9,833,870 | $ | 9,068,237 | ||
| Total liabilities | $ | 10,067,388 | $ | 9,288,778 | ||
| Total equity | $ | 1,500,428 | $ | 1,341,731 | ||
| Allowance Ratios (3): | ||||||
| ALLL to total loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 6.5 | % | 5.7 | % | ||
| ALLL to commercial loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 2.5 | % | 3.9 | % | ||
| ALLL to consumer loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 7.2 | % | 6.1 | % | ||
| Gross ALLL to consumer loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 8.2 | % | 7.5 | % | ||
| Net charge-offs | $ | 151,919 | $ | 249,083 | ||
| Net charge-off ratio (4) | 3.6 | % | 5.8 | % |
(1) Represents the allowance for future estimated net charge-offs on existing portfolio balances.
(2) Represents the negative allowance for expected recoveries of amounts previously charged-off.
(3) Calculated as ALLL or gross ALLL, where applicable, to the corresponding portfolio segment balance of loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost.
(4) Calculated as net charge-offs divided by average outstanding loans and leases HFI at amortized cost, net, during the period.
Results of Operations
This section of this Form 10-K generally discusses 2025 and 2024 items and year-over-year comparisons between 2025 and 2024. For discussion related to 2023 items and year-over-year comparisons between 2024 and 2023, see “Part II – Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
59
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The following table sets forth the Income Statement data for each of the periods presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2025 vs. 2024Change (%) | 2024 vs. 2023Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income: | |||||||||||||||||
| Marketplace revenue | $ | 355,944 | $ | 242,791 | $ | 291,484 | 47 | % | (17) | % | |||||||
| Other non-interest income | 17,232 | 10,179 | 11,297 | 69 | % | (10) | % | ||||||||||
| Total non-interest income | 373,176 | 252,970 | 302,781 | 48 | % | (16) | % | ||||||||||
| Interest income: | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest on loans held for sale | 142,937 | 92,442 | 35,655 | 55 | % | 159 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest and fees on loans and leases held for investment | 490,071 | 494,214 | 616,735 | (1) | % | (20) | % | ||||||||||
| Interest on loans held for investment at fair value | 72,782 | 77,034 | 74,088 | (6) | % | 4 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest on securities available for sale | 223,820 | 187,961 | 40,235 | 19 | % | 367 | % | ||||||||||
| Other interest income | 31,933 | 56,307 | 65,917 | (43) | % | (15) | % | ||||||||||
| Total interest income | 961,543 | 907,958 | 832,630 | 6 | % | 9 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest expense: | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest on deposits | 335,724 | 369,219 | 265,556 | (9) | % | 39 | % | ||||||||||
| Other interest expense | 147 | 4,698 | 5,236 | (97) | % | (10) | % | ||||||||||
| Total interest expense | 335,871 | 373,917 | 270,792 | (10) | % | 38 | % | ||||||||||
| Net interest income | 625,672 | 534,041 | 561,838 | 17 | % | (5) | % | ||||||||||
| Total net revenue | 998,848 | 787,011 | 864,619 | 27 | % | (9) | % | ||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 191,320 | 178,267 | 243,565 | 7 | % | (27) | % | ||||||||||
| Non-interest expense: | |||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | 241,846 | 232,158 | 261,948 | 4 | % | (11) | % | ||||||||||
| Marketing | 149,211 | 100,402 | 93,840 | 49 | % | 7 | % | ||||||||||
| Equipment and software | 57,014 | 51,194 | 53,485 | 11 | % | (4) | % | ||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 62,889 | 58,834 | 47,195 | 7 | % | 25 | % | ||||||||||
| Professional services | 42,339 | 32,045 | 35,173 | 32 | % | (9) | % | ||||||||||
| Occupancy | 19,834 | 15,798 | 17,532 | 26 | % | (10) | % | ||||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 57,449 | 53,247 | 57,264 | 8 | % | (7) | % | ||||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | 630,582 | 543,678 | 566,437 | 16 | % | (4) | % | ||||||||||
| Income before income tax expense | 176,946 | 65,066 | 54,617 | 172 | % | 19 | % | ||||||||||
| Income tax expense | (41,269) | (13,736) | (15,678) | 200 | % | (12) | % | ||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 135,677 | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | 164 | % | 32 | % |
60
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Marketplace Revenue
Marketplace revenue consists of the following:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origination fees | $ | 372,815 | $ | 283,420 | $ | 89,395 | 32 | % | ||||||
| Servicing fees | 58,988 | 64,933 | (5,945) | (9) | % | |||||||||
| Gain on sales of loans | 59,087 | 49,097 | 9,990 | 20 | % | |||||||||
| Net fair value adjustments | (134,946) | (154,659) | 19,713 | 13 | % | |||||||||
| Total marketplace revenue | $ | 355,944 | $ | 242,791 | $ | 113,153 | 47 | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origination fees | $ | 283,420 | $ | 279,146 | $ | 4,274 | 2 | % | ||||||
| Servicing fees | 64,933 | 98,613 | (33,680) | (34) | % | |||||||||
| Gain on sales of loans | 49,097 | 47,839 | 1,258 | 3 | % | |||||||||
| Net fair value adjustments | (154,659) | (134,114) | (20,545) | 15 | % | |||||||||
| Total marketplace revenue | $ | 242,791 | $ | 291,484 | $ | (48,693) | (17) | % |
We elected to account for HFS loans under the fair value option. With the election of the fair value option, origination fees, net fair value adjustments prior to the sale of the loans, and servicing asset gains on the sales of the loans, are reported as separate components within “Marketplace revenue.”
Origination Fees
Origination fees recorded as a component of marketplace revenue are fees charged to borrowers in connection with the origination of loans that are HFS.
The following table presents loan origination volume during each of the periods set forth below:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2025 vs. 2024Change (%) | 2024 vs. 2023Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marketplace loans | $ | 7,134,117 | $ | 5,482,339 | $ | 5,252,668 | 30 | % | 4 | % | |||||||
| Loan originations held for investment | 2,454,743 | 1,735,409 | 2,184,095 | 41 | % | (21) | % | ||||||||||
| Total loan originations (1) | $ | 9,588,860 | $ | 7,217,748 | $ | 7,436,763 | 33 | % | (3) | % |
(1) Includes unsecured personal loans and auto loans only.
Origination fees were $372.8 million and $283.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of 32%. The increase was primarily due to higher origination volumes of marketplace loans.
Servicing Fees
We receive servicing fees to compensate us for servicing loans on behalf of marketplace investors, including managing payments from borrowers and remittances to those investors. Servicing fee revenue related to loans sold also includes the change in fair value of servicing assets associated with the loans.
61
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The table below illustrates the average balance of loans sold and subsequently serviced on behalf of the investor on our marketplace platform (in millions):
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2025 vs. 2024Change (%) | 2024 vs. 2023Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average AUM – Loans sold | $ | 7,347 | $ | 8,116 | $ | 10,093 | (9) | % | (20) | % |
In addition to the loans serviced on our marketplace platform, we serviced $42.7 million, $102.0 million and $133.2 million in outstanding principal balance of commercial loans sold as of December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Servicing fees were $59.0 million and $64.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, a decrease of 9%. The decrease was primarily due to a lower average principal balance of loans serviced and reduction in servicing fees on delinquent loan collections. This was partially offset by a decrease in fair value amortization on the servicing asset, which included a $7.7 million servicing asset write-off in the third quarter of 2024 related to a loan portfolio purchase.
Gain on Sales of Loans
In connection with loan sales to marketplace investors, we capitalize the initial fair value of servicing rights. A gain or loss is recorded based on the level to which the contractual servicing fee is above or below an estimated market rate of servicing at the time of sale. Additionally, we recognize transaction costs, if any, as a loss on sale of loans.
The following tables present the unpaid principal balance of the volume of marketplace loans sold, which is a key driver of our gain on sales revenue, during each of the periods set forth below:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2025 vs. 2024Change (%) | 2024 vs. 2023Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marketplace loans sold (1) | $ | 5,377,856 | $ | 4,716,173 | $ | 4,749,411 | 14 | % | (1) | % |
(1) Includes unsecured personal loans and auto loans only.
Gain on sales of loans was $59.1 million and $49.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of 20%. The increase was primarily driven by the increase in the volume of marketplace loans sold as well as higher Structured Program transaction expenses in 2024.
Net Fair Value Adjustments
We record adjustments to the carrying value of loans, for which we have elected to account for under the fair value option, to reflect their fair value. These adjustments include gains or losses from sale prices in excess of or less than the loan principal amount sold and realized net charge-offs. In addition, as loans are held on the Balance Sheet, incremental fair value adjustments on the loans are recorded in “Net fair value adjustments” within “Marketplace revenue,” whereas the associated interest income is recorded within “Net interest income.”
Net fair value adjustments were $(134.9) million and $(154.7) million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, a decreased loss of $19.7 million. The reduction was primarily due to higher loan sale prices as well as a fair value benefit recognized in the second quarter of 2025 based on improved credit performance, partially offset by an increase in the origination volume of marketplace loans.
Net fair value adjustments primarily consist of fair value adjustments on our HFS loan portfolio. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 7. Fair Value
62
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Measurements” for additional information related to the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of HFS loans and activity within the HFS loan portfolio.
Other Non-interest Income
Other non-interest income primarily consists of (i) rental income earned from third-party tenants under operating lease agreements and (ii) referral revenue that relates to fees earned from third-party companies when customers referred by us consider or purchase products or services from such third-party companies. The tables below illustrate the composition of other non-interest income for each period presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rental income | $ | 7,459 | $ | — | $ | 7,459 | N/M | |||||||||
| Referral revenue | 3,647 | 3,174 | 473 | 15 | % | |||||||||||
| Realized gains on sales of securities available for sale and other investments | — | 95 | (95) | N/M | ||||||||||||
| Other | 6,126 | 6,910 | (784) | (11) | % | |||||||||||
| Other non-interest income | $ | 17,232 | $ | 10,179 | $ | 7,053 | 69 | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Referral revenue | $ | 3,174 | $ | 4,574 | $ | (1,400) | (31) | % | ||||||
| Realized gains on sales of securities available for sale and other investments | 95 | — | 95 | N/M | ||||||||||
| Other | 6,910 | 6,723 | 187 | 3 | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest income | $ | 10,179 | $ | 11,297 | $ | (1,118) | (10) | % |
Other non-interest income increased $7.1 million, or 69%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily due to rental income earned from third-party tenants under operating lease agreements associated with the building purchased in the second quarter of 2025.
63
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Net Interest Income
The table below presents net interest income information corresponding to interest-earning assets and interest-bearing funding sources. The average yield/rate is calculated by dividing the period-end interest income/expense by the average balance.
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and other | $ | 770,044 | $ | 31,933 | 4.15 | % | $ | 1,081,644 | $ | 56,307 | 5.21 | % | $ | 1,293,047 | $ | 65,917 | 5.10 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Securities available for sale at fair value | 3,518,310 | 223,820 | 6.36 | % | 2,707,049 | 187,961 | 6.94 | % | 652,047 | 40,235 | 6.17 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale at fair value | 1,131,157 | 142,937 | 12.64 | % | 719,898 | 92,442 | 12.84 | % | 252,519 | 35,655 | 14.12 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured personal loans | 3,199,345 | 429,419 | 13.42 | % | 3,220,969 | 431,782 | 13.41 | % | 4,143,482 | 549,256 | 13.26 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and other consumer loans | 1,035,486 | 60,652 | 5.86 | % | 1,073,445 | 62,432 | 5.82 | % | 1,151,201 | 67,479 | 5.86 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 4,234,831 | 490,071 | 11.57 | % | 4,294,414 | 494,214 | 11.51 | % | 5,294,683 | 616,735 | 11.65 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for investment at fair value | 661,349 | 72,782 | 11.01 | % | 693,557 | 77,034 | 11.11 | % | 567,504 | 74,088 | 13.06 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | 4,896,180 | 562,853 | 11.50 | % | 4,987,971 | 571,248 | 11.45 | % | 5,862,187 | 690,823 | 11.78 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-earning assets | 10,315,691 | 961,543 | 9.32 | % | 9,496,562 | 907,958 | 9.56 | % | 8,059,800 | 832,630 | 10.33 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks and restricted cash | 32,696 | 51,732 | 70,653 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | (255,779) | (247,458) | (345,434) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-interest earning assets | 627,791 | 621,324 | 676,335 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 10,720,399 | $ | 9,922,160 | $ | 8,461,354 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Savings and money market accounts (2) | $ | 6,250,152 | $ | 237,557 | 3.80 | % | $ | 5,022,106 | $ | 234,046 | 4.66 | % | $ | 4,438,916 | $ | 186,305 | 4.20 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit (2) | 2,105,408 | 92,701 | 4.40 | % | 2,044,776 | 104,850 | 5.13 | % | 1,051,378 | 48,988 | 4.66 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Checking accounts (2) | 414,754 | 5,466 | 1.32 | % | 868,503 | 30,323 | 3.49 | % | 1,199,871 | 30,263 | 2.52 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits | 8,770,314 | 335,724 | 3.83 | % | 7,935,385 | 369,219 | 4.65 | % | 6,690,165 | 265,556 | 3.97 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other interest-bearing liabilities | 3,205 | 147 | 4.57 | % | 143,189 | 4,698 | 3.28 | % | 69,120 | 5,236 | 7.58 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | 8,773,519 | 335,871 | 3.83 | % | 8,078,574 | 373,917 | 4.63 | % | 6,759,285 | 270,792 | 4.01 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest-bearing deposits | 301,510 | 323,378 | 236,618 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | 237,842 | 228,270 | 261,401 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 9,312,871 | $ | 8,630,222 | $ | 7,257,304 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total equity | $ | 1,407,528 | $ | 1,291,938 | $ | 1,204,050 |
64
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 10,720,399 | $ | 9,922,160 | $ | 8,461,354 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate spread | 5.49 | % | 4.93 | % | 6.32 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income and net interest margin | $ | 625,672 | 6.07 | % | $ | 534,041 | 5.62 | % | $ | 561,838 | 6.97 | % |
(1) Nonaccrual loans and any related income are included in their respective loan categories.
(2) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
An analysis of the year-over-year changes in the categories of interest income and interest expense resulting from changes in volume and rate is as follows:
| 2025 Compared to 2024 | 2024 Compared to 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in: | Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in: | |||||||||||||||||
| Average Volume (1) | Average Yield/Rate(1) | Total | Average Volume (1) | Average Yield/Rate(1) | Total | |||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and other | $ | (14,287) | $ | (10,087) | $ | (24,374) | $ | (10,980) | $ | 1,370 | $ | (9,610) | ||||||
| Securities available for sale at fair value | 52,640 | (16,781) | 35,859 | 142,079 | 5,647 | 147,726 | ||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale at fair value | 51,991 | (1,496) | 50,495 | 60,295 | (3,508) | 56,787 | ||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | (6,884) | 2,741 | (4,143) | (115,197) | (7,324) | (122,521) | ||||||||||||
| Loans held for investment at fair value | (3,550) | (702) | (4,252) | 14,988 | (12,042) | 2,946 | ||||||||||||
| Total increase (decrease) in interest income on interest-earning assets | $ | 79,910 | $ | (26,325) | $ | 53,585 | $ | 91,185 | $ | (15,857) | $ | 75,328 | ||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||
| Savings and money market accounts (2) | $ | 51,214 | $ | (47,703) | $ | 3,511 | $ | 25,945 | $ | 21,796 | $ | 47,741 | ||||||
| Certificates of deposit (2) | 3,033 | (15,182) | (12,149) | 50,491 | 5,371 | 55,862 | ||||||||||||
| Checking accounts (2) | (11,342) | (13,515) | (24,857) | (9,701) | 9,761 | 60 | ||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits (2) | 42,905 | (76,400) | (33,495) | 66,735 | 36,928 | 103,663 | ||||||||||||
| Other interest-bearing liabilities | (5,879) | 1,328 | (4,551) | 3,532 | (4,070) | (538) | ||||||||||||
| Total increase (decrease) in interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities (2) | $ | 37,026 | $ | (75,072) | $ | (38,046) | $ | 70,267 | $ | 32,858 | $ | 103,125 | ||||||
| Increase (decrease) in net interest income (2) | $ | 42,884 | $ | 48,747 | $ | 91,631 | $ | 20,918 | $ | (48,715) | $ | (27,797) |
(1) Volume and rate changes have been allocated on a consistent basis using the respective percentage changes in average balances and average rates.
(2) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
65
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Provision for Credit Losses
The allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL) for lifetime expected losses under CECL on loans and leases HFI at amortized cost is initially recognized as “Provision for credit losses” at the time of origination. The ALLL is estimated using a discounted cash flow (DCF) approach, where effective interest rates are used to calculate the net present value (NPV) of expected cash flows. The effective interest rates are calculated based on the periodic interest income received from the loan’s contractual cash flows and the net investment in the loan, which includes deferred origination fees and marketing costs, to provide a constant rate of return over the loan term. The NPV from the DCF approach is then compared to the amortized cost basis of the loans and leases to determine the ALLL. Under the DCF approach, the provision for credit losses in subsequent periods includes a credit loss expense related to the discounting effect due to the passage of time after the initial recognition of the ALLL on originated loans and leases HFI at amortized cost.
The provision for credit losses includes the credit loss expense for loans and leases HFI at amortized cost, available for sale (AFS) securities and unfunded lending commitments. The table below illustrates the composition of the provision for credit losses for each period presented, as well as the loan originations HFI in each period, which is a key driver for credit loss expense:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit loss expense for loans and leases held for investment | $ | 190,928 | $ | 175,430 | $ | 243,570 | ||||
| Credit loss expense for securities available for sale | 566 | 3,527 | — | |||||||
| Credit loss benefit for unfunded lending commitments | (174) | (690) | (5) | |||||||
| Total provision for credit losses | $ | 191,320 | $ | 178,267 | $243,565 | |||||
| Loan originations held for investment | $ | 2,454,743 | $ | 1,735,409 | $2,184,095 |
The provision for credit losses was $191.3 million and $178.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of 7%. The increase was primarily driven by a higher volume of originated loans retained as HFI at amortized cost, partially offset by a shift in the mix of loans toward types with lower expected losses and the impact of an $8.0 million provision recognized in 2024 related to one legacy office loan within our CRE portfolio.
66
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Allowance for Credit Losses
The activity in the allowance for credit losses (ACL) was as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allowance for loan and lease losses: | ||||||||||
| Beginning of period | $ | 236,734 | $ | 310,387 | $ | 327,852 | ||||
| Credit loss expense for loans and leases held for investment | 190,928 | 175,430 | 243,570 | |||||||
| Charge-offs (1) | (218,874) | (303,593) | (281,107) | |||||||
| Recoveries | 66,955 | 54,510 | 20,072 | |||||||
| End of period | $ | 275,743 | $ | 236,734 | $ | 310,387 | ||||
| Allowance for securities available for sale: | ||||||||||
| Beginning of period | $ | 3,527 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
| Credit loss expense for securities available for sale | 566 | 3,527 | — | |||||||
| End of period | $ | 4,093 | $ | 3,527 | $ | — | ||||
| Reserve for unfunded lending commitments: | ||||||||||
| Beginning of period | $ | 1,183 | $ | 1,873 | $ | 1,878 | ||||
| Credit loss benefit for unfunded lending commitments | (174) | (690) | (5) | |||||||
| End of period (2) | $ | 1,009 | $ | 1,183 | $ | 1,873 |
(1) The first quarter of 2025 included an $8.0 million charge-off related to one office loan within our CRE portfolio, which was fully reserved for in prior periods. The CRE office loan portfolio balance was under $35 million as of December 31, 2025.
(2) Relates to $52.0 million, $105.0 million and $78.1 million of unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The following table presents the components of the ALLL:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross allowance for loan and lease losses (1) | $ | 312,667 | $ | 285,686 | $ | 355,773 | ||||
| Recovery asset value (2) | (36,924) | (48,952) | (45,386) | |||||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | $ | 275,743 | $ | 236,734 | $ | 310,387 |
(1) Represents the allowance for future estimated net charge-offs on existing portfolio balances.
(2) Represents a negative allowance for expected recoveries of amounts previously charged-off.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 4,272,812 | $ | 4,125,818 | $ | 4,850,302 | ||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | $ | 275,743 | $ | 236,734 | $ | 310,387 | ||||
| Allowance ratio (1) | 6.5 | % | 5.7 | % | 6.4 | % | ||||
| Gross allowance for loan and lease losses | $ | 312,667 | $ | 285,686 | $ | 355,773 | ||||
| Gross allowance ratio (1) | 7.3 | % | 6.9 | % | 7.3 | % |
(1) Calculated as ALLL or gross ALLL, where applicable, to total loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost.
67
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Net Charge-Offs
The following table presents information regarding average loan and lease balances, net charge-offs and the ratio of net charge-offs to average outstanding loans and leases HFI at amortized cost, net, during the period. Net charge-offs are impacted by the expected timing of the charge-offs, anticipated recoveries and the age of the overall portfolio.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | $ | 4,234,831 | $ | 4,294,414 | $ | 5,294,683 | ||||
| Net charge-offs | 151,919 | 249,083 | 261,035 | |||||||
| Net charge-off ratio | 3.6 | % | 5.8 | % | 4.9 | % |
Nonaccrual
Loans and leases are generally placed on nonaccrual status when contractually past due 90 days or more, or earlier if management believes that the probability of collection does not warrant further accrual. Unsecured personal loans are generally charged-off when a borrower is contractually 120 days past due.
The following table presents nonaccrual loans and leases:
| As of December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonaccrual loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | $ | 60,432 | $ | 72,304 | ||
| % of total loans and leases held for investment | 1.4 | % | 1.8 | % |
For additional information on the ACL and nonaccrual loans and leases, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” and “Note 5. Loans and Leases Held for Investment at Amortized Cost, Net of Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses.”
68
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Non-Interest Expense
Non-interest expense primarily consists of (i) compensation and benefits, which include salaries and wages, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, (ii) marketing, which includes costs attributable to borrower and deposit customer acquisition efforts and building general brand awareness, (iii) equipment and software, (iv) depreciation and amortization, (v) professional services, which primarily consist of consulting fees, and (vi) occupancy, which includes rent expense and all other costs related to occupying our office spaces.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 241,846 | $ | 232,158 | $ | 9,688 | 4 | % | ||||||
| Marketing | 149,211 | 100,402 | 48,809 | 49 | % | |||||||||
| Equipment and software | 57,014 | 51,194 | 5,820 | 11 | % | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 62,889 | 58,834 | 4,055 | 7 | % | |||||||||
| Professional services | 42,339 | 32,045 | 10,294 | 32 | % | |||||||||
| Occupancy | 19,834 | 15,798 | 4,036 | 26 | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 57,449 | 53,247 | 4,202 | 8 | % | |||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 630,582 | $ | 543,678 | $ | 86,904 | 16 | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 232,158 | $ | 261,948 | $ | (29,790) | (11) | % | ||||||
| Marketing | 100,402 | 93,840 | 6,562 | 7 | % | |||||||||
| Equipment and software | 51,194 | 53,485 | (2,291) | (4) | % | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 58,834 | 47,195 | 11,639 | 25 | % | |||||||||
| Professional services | 32,045 | 35,173 | (3,128) | (9) | % | |||||||||
| Occupancy | 15,798 | 17,532 | (1,734) | (10) | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 53,247 | 57,264 | (4,017) | (7) | % | |||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 543,678 | $ | 566,437 | $ | (22,759) | (4) | % |
Compensation and benefits expense increased $9.7 million, or 4%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in headcount.
Marketing expense increased $48.8 million, or 49%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in variable marketing expenses based on higher origination volume as well as the resumption of certain marketing initiatives.
Equipment and software expense increased $5.8 million, or 11%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in software license expense and cloud services.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $4.1 million, or 7%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the amortization of internally-developed software placed into service in 2025, partially offset by a decrease in impairment expense for internally-developed software compared to the prior year.
Professional services expense increased $10.3 million, or 32%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in business consulting services.
69
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Occupancy expense increased $4.0 million, or 26%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily related to operating expenses associated with the office building purchased during the second quarter of 2025.
Other non-interest expense increased $4.2 million, or 8%, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in miscellaneous operating expenses.
Income Taxes
For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, we recorded an income tax expense of $41.3 million and $13.7 million, representing an effective tax rate of 23.3% and 21.1%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2025 differs from the statutory rate due to state taxes, the favorable impact of recurring tax credits, changes in unrecognized tax benefits related to prior year tax credits, equity-based compensation, and the unfavorable impact of the non-deductible portions of executive compensation. The increase in effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 was primarily due to the remeasurement of deferred tax assets because of the decrease in combined state tax rate. On June 27, 2025, California Senate Bill 132 was signed into law, requiring that banks and financial companies transition from an equally weighted three-factor apportionment formula to a single-sales-factor apportionment formula, effective for tax years beginning in 2025. Other year-over-year changes in rate reconciliation items largely offset each other.
For the year ending December 31, 2023, we recorded a tax expense of $15.7 million representing an effective tax rate of 28.7%. The decrease in effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to favorable changes related to windfalls and shortfalls related to equity compensation.
As of December 31, 2025, we maintained a valuation allowance of $48.0 million related to certain state net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs) and state tax credit carryforwards. The realization and timing of any remaining state NOLs and state tax credit carryforwards is uncertain and may expire before being utilized, based primarily on the allocation of taxable income constraints to the Parent and not related to the earnings of the Company. Changes to deferred tax asset valuation allowances and liabilities related to uncertain tax positions are recorded as current period income tax expense or benefit.
Income taxes are recorded on a separate entity basis whereby each operating segment determines income tax expense or benefit as if it filed a separate tax return. Differences between separate entity and consolidated tax returns are eliminated upon consolidation.
On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) was enacted. For the year ended December 31, 2025, OBBBA did not impact our effective tax rate; however, certain OBBBA provisions, including enhanced expensing, reduced current taxes payable. OBBBA has multiple effective dates, and we will continue to monitor developments and evaluate potential impacts on future periods.
70
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Segment Information
Reportable Segments
We define operating segments to be components of the Company for which discrete financial information is evaluated regularly by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) to allocate resources and evaluate financial performance. The measure of segment profit used by the CODM in this evaluation is net income. The CODM consists of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. This information is reviewed according to the legal organizational structure of our operations with products and services presented separately for the parent bank holding company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, LC Bank, which are both considered reportable segments. Income taxes are recorded on a separate entity basis whereby each operating segment determines income tax expense or benefit as if it filed a separate tax return.
LendingClub Bank
The LC Bank operating segment represents the national bank legal entity and reflects operating activities after its formation. This segment provides a full complement of financial products and solutions, including loans and deposits. It originates loans to individuals and businesses, retains loans for investment, sells loans to marketplace investors and manages relationships with deposit holders.
LendingClub Corporation (Parent Only)
The LendingClub Corporation (Parent only) operating segment represents the holding company legal entity and predominately reflects the operations of the Company prior to the formation of LC Bank. This activity includes, but is not limited to, servicing fee revenue on purchased servicing assets, and interest income and interest expense related to transactions entered into prior to LC Bank’s formation.
71
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Financial information for the segments is presented in the following table:
| LendingClub Bank | LendingClub Corporation (Parent only) | Total Reportable Segments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year ended | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketplace revenue | $ | 303,930 | $ | 176,921 | $ | 206,381 | $ | 29,613 | $ | 36,595 | $ | 41,817 | $ | 333,543 | $ | 213,516 | $ | 248,198 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-interest income | 52,050 | 53,643 | 74,684 | 7,472 | 9,038 | 9,503 | 59,522 | 62,681 | 84,187 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest income | 355,980 | 230,564 | 281,065 | 37,085 | 45,633 | 51,320 | 393,065 | 276,197 | 332,385 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 960,714 | 902,741 | 818,206 | 829 | 5,217 | 14,424 | 961,543 | 907,958 | 832,630 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (335,871) | (373,219) | (266,218) | — | (698) | (4,574) | (335,871) | (373,917) | (270,792) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | 624,843 | 529,522 | 551,988 | 829 | 4,519 | 9,850 | 625,672 | 534,041 | 561,838 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue | 980,823 | 760,086 | 833,053 | 37,914 | 50,152 | 61,170 | 1,018,737 | 810,238 | 894,223 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | (191,320) | (178,267) | (243,565) | — | — | — | (191,320) | (178,267) | (243,565) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | (235,289) | (225,620) | (255,428) | (6,557) | (6,538) | (6,520) | (241,846) | (232,158) | (261,948) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketing | (149,211) | (100,400) | (93,840) | — | (2) | — | (149,211) | (100,402) | (93,840) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equipment and software | (56,963) | (51,068) | (53,239) | (51) | (126) | (246) | (57,014) | (51,194) | (53,485) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | (58,277) | (50,309) | (30,216) | (4,612) | (8,525) | (16,979) | (62,889) | (58,834) | (47,195) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services | (41,689) | (31,376) | (33,963) | (650) | (669) | (1,210) | (42,339) | (32,045) | (35,173) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Occupancy | (12,068) | (7,582) | (7,980) | (7,766) | (8,216) | (9,552) | (19,834) | (15,798) | (17,532) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | (62,854) | (54,963) | (62,360) | (14,484) | (21,511) | (24,508) | (77,338) | (76,474) | (86,868) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | (616,351) | (521,318) | (537,026) | (34,120) | (45,587) | (59,015) | (650,471) | (566,905) | (596,041) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | (41,502) | (12,824) | (17,881) | 233 | (912) | 2,203 | (41,269) | (13,736) | (15,678) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (1) | $ | 131,650 | $ | 47,677 | $ | 34,581 | $ | 4,027 | $ | 3,653 | $ | 4,358 | $ | 135,677 | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | $ | 143,566 | $ | 54,302 | $ | 59,509 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 143,566 | $ | 54,302 | $ | 59,509 |
(1) Total net income from reportable segments reflects net income on a consolidated basis.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total net revenue – reportable segments | $ | 1,018,737 | $ | 810,238 | $ | 894,223 | ||||
| Intercompany eliminations | (19,889) | (23,227) | (29,604) | |||||||
| Total net revenue – consolidated | $ | 998,848 | $ | 787,011 | $ | 864,619 |
An analysis of our results of operations and material drivers and trends of the financial results of the segments presented above are consistent with those provided on a consolidated basis in “Results of Operations.”
72
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we use the following non-GAAP financial measures: Pre-Provision Net Revenue (PPNR), Tangible Book Value (TBV) Per Common Share, and Return on Tangible Common Equity (ROTCE). Our non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for an analysis of our results under GAAP.
We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide management and investors with useful supplemental information about the financial performance of our business, enable comparison of financial results between periods where certain items may vary independent of business performance, and enable comparison of our financial results with other public companies.
We believe PPNR, is an important measure because it reflects the underlying financial performance of our business operations. PPNR is a non-GAAP financial measure calculated by subtracting the provision for credit losses and income tax benefit/expense from net income.
We believe TBV Per Common Share is an important measure used to evaluate the Company’s use of equity. TBV Per Common Share is a non-GAAP financial measure representing tangible common equity for the period (common equity reduced by goodwill and customer relationship intangible assets), divided by the ending number of common shares issued and outstanding.
We believe ROTCE is an important measure because it reflects the Company's ability to generate income from its core assets. ROTCE is a non-GAAP financial measure calculated by dividing net income by the average tangible common equity for the applicable period.
The following tables provide a reconciliation of PPNR to the nearest GAAP measure:
| For the year ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP Net income | $ | 135,677 | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | ||||
| Less: Provision for credit losses | (191,320) | (178,267) | (243,565) | |||||||
| Less: Income tax expense | (41,269) | (13,736) | (15,678) | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue | $ | 368,266 | $ | 243,333 | $ | 298,182 |
| For the year ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income | $ | 373,176 | $ | 252,970 | $ | 302,781 | ||||
| Net interest income | 625,672 | 534,041 | 561,838 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 998,848 | 787,011 | 864,619 | |||||||
| Non-interest expense | (630,582) | (543,678) | (566,437) | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue | 368,266 | 243,333 | 298,182 | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | (191,320) | (178,267) | (243,565) | |||||||
| Income before income tax expense | 176,946 | 65,066 | 54,617 | |||||||
| Income tax expense | (41,269) | (13,736) | (15,678) | |||||||
| GAAP Net income | $ | 135,677 | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 |
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
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(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The following table provides a reconciliation of TBV Per Common Share to the nearest GAAP measure:
| As of December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP common equity | $ | 1,500,428 | $ | 1,341,731 | $ | 1,251,822 | ||||
| Less: Goodwill | (75,717) | (75,717) | (75,717) | |||||||
| Less: Customer relationship intangible assets | (5,685) | (8,586) | (12,135) | |||||||
| Tangible common equity | $ | 1,419,026 | $ | 1,257,428 | $ | 1,163,970 | ||||
| Book value per common share | ||||||||||
| GAAP common equity | $ | 1,500,428 | $ | 1,341,731 | $ | 1,251,822 | ||||
| Common shares issued and outstanding | 115,368,987 | 113,383,917 | 110,410,602 | |||||||
| Book value per common share | $ | 13.01 | $ | 11.83 | $ | 11.34 | ||||
| Tangible book value per common share | ||||||||||
| Tangible common equity | $ | 1,419,026 | $ | 1,257,428 | $ | 1,163,970 | ||||
| Common shares issued and outstanding | 115,368,987 | 113,383,917 | 110,410,602 | |||||||
| Tangible book value per common share | $ | 12.30 | $ | 11.09 | $ | 10.54 |
The following table provides a reconciliation of ROTCE to the nearest GAAP measure:
| As of and for the year ended December 31, | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average GAAP common equity | $ | 1,407,528 | $ | 1,291,938 | $ | 1,204,050 | ||||
| Less: Average goodwill | (75,717) | (75,717) | (75,717) | |||||||
| Less: Average customer relationship intangible assets | (7,099) | (10,324) | (14,198) | |||||||
| Average tangible common equity | $ | 1,324,712 | $ | 1,205,897 | $ | 1,114,135 | ||||
| Return on average equity | ||||||||||
| GAAP net income | $ | 135,677 | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | ||||
| Average GAAP common equity | 1,407,528 | 1,291,938 | 1,204,050 | |||||||
| Return on average equity | 9.6 | % | 4.0 | % | 3.2 | % | ||||
| Return on tangible common equity | ||||||||||
| GAAP net income | $ | 135,677 | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | ||||
| Average tangible common equity | 1,324,712 | 1,205,897 | 1,114,135 | |||||||
| Return on tangible common equity | 10.2 | % | 4.3 | % | 3.5 | % |
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Supervision and Regulatory Environment
We are subject to supervision, regulation, examination, enforcement and other proceedings by multiple federal banking regulatory bodies. Specifically, as a bank holding company, the Company is subject to ongoing and comprehensive supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB). Further, as a national bank, LC Bank is subject to ongoing and comprehensive supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC). Additionally, as a depository institution with assets over $10 billion, LC Bank is subject to supervision and enforcement authority relating to federal consumer financial laws and regulations by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). Accordingly, we have been and continue to invest in regulatory compliance and be subject to certain parameters, obligations and/or limitations set forth by the banking regulations and regulators with respect to the operation of our business.
Further, we are subject to periodic supervision, regulation, examination, enforcement and other proceedings from various other federal and state regulatory and/or law enforcement agencies. Additionally, we are subject to claims, individual and class action lawsuits, and lawsuits alleging regulatory violations. Although historically the Company has generally resolved these matters in a manner that was not materially adverse to its financial results or business operations, no assurance can be given as to the timing, outcome or consequences of any of these matters in the future.
If we are found to not have complied with applicable laws, regulations or requirements, we could: (i) lose one or more of our licenses or authorizations, or be required to obtain a new license or authorization, (ii) become subject to a consent order or administrative enforcement action, (iii) face lawsuits (including class action lawsuits), sanctions, penalties, or other monetary losses due to judgments, orders, or settlements, (iv) be in breach of certain contracts, which may void or cancel such contracts, (v) decide or be compelled to modify or suspend certain of our business practices and/or (vi) be unable to execute on certain Company initiatives, which may have an adverse effect on our ability to operate and/or evolve our lending marketplace and other products and/or services; any of which may harm our business or financial results.
See “Part I – Item 1. Business – Regulation and Supervision,” “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Regulation, Supervision and Compliance,” and “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Operating Our Business” of this Annual Report for further discussion regarding our supervision and regulatory environment.
Capital Management
The prudent management of capital is fundamental to the successful achievement of our business initiatives. We actively review capital through a process that continuously assesses and monitors the Company’s overall capital adequacy. Our objective is to maintain capital at an amount commensurate with our risk profile and risk tolerance objectives, and to meet both regulatory and market expectations.
The formation of LC Bank as a nationally chartered association and the organization of the Company as a bank holding company subjects us to various capital adequacy guidelines issued by the OCC and the FRB, including the requirement to maintain regulatory capital ratios in accordance with the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision standardized approach for U.S. banking organizations (Basel III). As a Basel III standardized approach institution, we selected the one-time election to opt-out of the requirements to include all the components of accumulated other comprehensive income included in common stockholder’s equity. The minimum capital requirements under the Basel III capital framework are: a Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) risk-based capital ratio of 4.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%. Additionally, a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% must be maintained above the minimum risk-based capital requirements in order to avoid certain limitations on capital distributions, share repurchases, and certain discretionary bonus payments. In addition to these guidelines, the banking regulators may require a banking
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(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
organization to maintain capital at levels higher than the minimum ratios prescribed under the Basel III capital framework. See “Part I – Item 1. Business – Regulation and Supervision – Capital and Liquidity Requirements and Prompt Corrective Action” and “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 19. Regulatory Requirements” of this Annual Report for additional information regarding regulatory capital requirements.
The following table presents the actual capital amounts and ratios of the Company and LC Bank as well as LC Bank’s regulatory capital minimum and “well-capitalized” requirements (dollars in millions):
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | Required Minimum (1) | Well-Capitalized Minimum | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | ||||||||||||||||
| LendingClub Corporation: | |||||||||||||||||||
| CET1 capital (2) | $ | 1,342.6 | 17.4 | % | $ | 1,188.6 | 17.3 | % | 7.0 | % | N/A | ||||||||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 1,342.6 | 17.4 | % | $ | 1,188.6 | 17.3 | % | 8.5 | % | 6.0 | % | |||||||
| Total capital | $ | 1,441.0 | 18.7 | % | $ | 1,276.5 | 18.5 | % | 10.5 | % | 10.0 | % | |||||||
| Tier 1 leverage | $ | 1,342.6 | 12.0 | % | $ | 1,188.6 | 11.0 | % | 4.0 | % | N/A | ||||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 7,696.1 | N/A | $ | 6,887.1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||
| Quarterly adjusted average assets | $ | 11,174.0 | N/A | $ | 10,814.0 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||
| LendingClub Bank: | |||||||||||||||||||
| CET1 capital (2) | $ | 1,183.9 | 15.5 | % | $ | 1,101.4 | 16.1 | % | 7.0 | % | 6.5 | % | |||||||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 1,183.9 | 15.5 | % | $ | 1,101.4 | 16.1 | % | 8.5 | % | 8.0 | % | |||||||
| Total capital | $ | 1,281.8 | 16.8 | % | $ | 1,188.5 | 17.4 | % | 10.5 | % | 10.0 | % | |||||||
| Tier 1 leverage | $ | 1,183.9 | 10.7 | % | $ | 1,101.4 | 10.3 | % | 4.0 | % | 5.0 | % | |||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 7,652.0 | N/A | $ | 6,823.1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||
| Quarterly adjusted average assets | $ | 11,090.4 | N/A | $ | 10,696.7 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
N/A – Not applicable
(1) Required minimums presented for risk-based capital ratios include the required capital conservation buffer of 2.5%.
(2) CET1 capital consists of common stockholders’ equity as defined under U.S. GAAP and certain adjustments made in accordance with regulatory capital guidelines, including deductions for goodwill and other intangible assets.
The higher risk-based capital ratios for the Company reflect higher capital at LendingClub Corporation as compared with LC Bank.
Liquidity
We manage liquidity to meet our cash flow and collateral obligations in a timely manner at a reasonable cost. We must maintain operating liquidity to meet our expected daily and forecasted cash flow requirements, as well as contingent liquidity to meet unexpected funding requirements.
As our primary business at LC Bank involves taking deposits and originating loans, a key role of liquidity management is to ensure that customers have timely access to funds from deposits and for loans. Liquidity management also involves maintaining sufficient liquidity to repay borrowings, pay operating expenses and support extraordinary funding requirements when necessary.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
LendingClub Bank Liquidity
The following table summarizes LC Bank’s primary sources of short-term liquidity as of the periods presented:
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 901,246 | $ | 932,463 | ||
| Securities available for sale (1) | $ | 384,846 | $ | 382,876 | ||
| Deposits | $ | 9,948,426 | $ | 9,116,821 | ||
| Available borrowing capacity: | ||||||
| FRB Discount Window (2) | $ | 3,294,827 | $ | 2,635,034 | ||
| FHLB of Des Moines (3) | 679,361 | 626,117 | ||||
| Total available borrowing capacity | $ | 3,974,188 | $ | 3,261,151 |
(1) Excludes illiquid securities available for sale.
(2) As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had $4.2 billion and $3.2 billion in loans pledged under the FRB Discount Window, respectively.
(3) As of December 31, 2025, the Company had $486.2 million in loans and $375.7 million in securities pledged to the FHLB of Des Moines. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $456.4 million in loans and $373.5 million in securities pledged to the FHLB of Des Moines.
The primary uses of LC Bank liquidity include (i) the funding/acquisition of loans and securities purchases, (ii) withdrawals, maturities and the payment of interest on deposits, (iii) compensation and benefits expense, (iv) taxes, (v) capital expenditures, including the purchase of an office building in 2025, as well as the related building improvements, and internally developed software, and (vi) costs associated with the continued development and support of our digital marketplace bank.
Deposits
Deposits represent an important source of funding for LC Bank. We offer deposit accounts to our members, which include both interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing deposits. As of both December 31, 2025 and 2024, the amount of uninsured deposits totaled $1.2 billion, or 12% and 13%, respectively. Uninsured time deposits as of December 31, 2025, by remaining time to maturity, were as follows:
| 3 months or less | $ | 27,444 |
|---|---|---|
| Over 3 months through 6 months | 44,284 | |
| Over 6 months through 12 months | 42,460 | |
| Over 12 months | 2,385 | |
| Total uninsured time deposits (1) | $ | 116,573 |
(1) Consist of certificates of deposit accounts that are in excess of the FDIC insurance limit of $250 thousand per account holder.
Capital Expenditures
Net capital expenditures were $143.6 million, or 14% of total net revenue, and $54.3 million, or 7% of total net revenue, for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Our capital expenditures in 2025 included the $74.5 million cash acquisition of the office building and related improvements to the property. Capital expenditures in 2026 are expected to be approximately $95 million, primarily driven by costs associated with the
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
continued development and support of our digital marketplace bank, as well as additional improvements to the office building acquired in 2025.
LendingClub Holding Company Liquidity
The primary source of liquidity at the holding company is $127.1 million and $66.0 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in cash and cash equivalents was primarily driven by a $50 million cash dividend that was paid by LC Bank to the holding company during the first quarter of 2025 to return a capital contribution made by the holding company to LC Bank in the second half of 2024. Additionally, the holding company has the ability to access the capital markets through additional registrations and public equity offerings.
Uses of cash at the holding company include the routine cash flow requirements as a bank holding company, such as interest and expenses (including those associated with our office leases), share repurchases, the needs of LC Bank for additional equity and, as required, its need for debt financing and support for extraordinary funding requirements when necessary.
Factors Impacting Liquidity
Our liquidity could be adversely impacted by deteriorating financial and market conditions, the inability or unwillingness of a creditor to provide funding, an idiosyncratic event (e.g., a major loss, causing a perceived or actual deterioration in our financial condition), an adverse systemic event (e.g., default or bankruptcy of a significant capital markets participant), or others.
We believe, based on our projections, that our cash on hand, liquid AFS securities, deposits, available borrowing capacity, and net cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities are sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for the next twelve months, as well as beyond the next twelve months. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows” for additional detail regarding our cash flows.
Market Risk
Market risk represents the risk of potential losses arising from changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, commodity prices, and/or other relevant market rates or prices. The primary market risk to which we are exposed is interest rate risk. Interest rate risk arises from financial instruments including loans, securities and borrowings, all entered into for purposes other than trading.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
LendingClub Bank
Our net interest income is affected by changes in the level of interest rates, the impact of interest rate fluctuations on asset prepayments, and the level and composition of deposits and liabilities, among other factors.
HFI loans and AFS securities at LC Bank are funded primarily through our deposit base. The majority of HFI loans and AFS securities are fixed-rate instruments over the term of the loan or security. As a result, the primary component of interest rate risk on our financial instruments arises from the impact of fluctuations in loan, security, and deposit rates on our net interest income. Therefore, we use a sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of hypothetical changes in interest rates on our net interest income results. The outcome of the analysis is influenced by a variety of assumptions, including the maturity profile and prepayment level of our unsecured consumer loans and expected consumer responses to changes in rates paid on non-maturity deposit products. Our assumptions are periodically calibrated to observed data and/or expected outcomes. We actively monitor the level of exposure to
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
movements in interest rates and have entered into interest rate hedging instruments, some of which qualify for hedge accounting treatment, to manage such risk. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 8. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information.
The following table presents the change in projected net interest income for the next twelve months due to a hypothetical instantaneous parallel change in interest rates relative to current rates:
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Instantaneous Change in Interest Rates: | |||||
| + 200 basis points | (7.8) | % | (7.1) | % | |
| + 100 basis points | (3.8) | % | (3.5) | % | |
| - 100 basis points | 3.2 | % | 1.1 | % | |
| - 200 basis points | 5.9 | % | 1.6 | % |
As illustrated in the table above, net interest income is projected to decrease over the next twelve months during hypothetical rising interest rate environments primarily as a result of higher rates paid on interest-bearing deposits, partially offset by higher rates earned on new loans, security purchases, and cash and cash equivalents, offset by the impact of our hedging activity. Conversely, net interest income is projected to increase over the next twelve months during hypothetical declining interest rate environments. The increase in sensitivity as of December 31, 2025 relative to the prior year is primarily due to the composition of our loans, deposits, and hedging instruments, as well as updates to certain key modeling assumptions that affect how changes in interest rates are projected to impact the repricing behavior of assets and liabilities. Furthermore, during fluctuating interest rate environments, the repricing of interest-bearing deposits is more impactful than that of repricing fixed-rate loans.
Although we believe that these measurements provide an estimate of our interest rate sensitivity, they do not account for potential changes in credit quality, balance sheet mix, size of our balance sheet, or other business developments that could affect net income. Actual results could differ materially from the estimated outcomes of our simulations.
Maturities
The following table presents the maturities of loans and leases HFI at amortized cost and at fair value as of December 31, 2025:
| Due in 1 Year or Less | Due After 1 Year Through 5 Years | Due After 5 Years Through 15 Years | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unsecured personal | $ | 198,767 | $ | 2,803,770 | $ | 662,183 | $ | 3,664,720 | ||||||
| Residential mortgages | 3,123 | 10,182 | 137,768 | 151,073 | ||||||||||
| Secured consumer | 3,331 | 166,910 | 90,828 | 261,069 | ||||||||||
| Total consumer loans held for investment | 205,221 | 2,980,862 | 890,779 | 4,076,862 | ||||||||||
| Equipment finance | 6,845 | 32,912 | — | 39,757 | ||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | 34,716 | 135,261 | 302,512 | 472,489 | ||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | 690 | 16,303 | 140,025 | 157,018 | ||||||||||
| Total commercial loans and leases held for investment | 42,251 | 184,476 | 442,537 | 669,264 | ||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 247,472 | $ | 3,165,338 | $ | 1,333,316 | $ | 4,746,126 | ||||||
| Loans and leases due after one year at fixed interest rates | N/A | $ | 3,092,527 | $ | 855,109 | $ | 3,947,636 | |||||||
| Loans and leases due after one year at variable interest rates | N/A | $ | 72,811 | $ | 478,207 | $ | 551,018 |
N/A – Not applicable
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
For the contractual maturities and weighted-average yields on the Company’s AFS securities portfolio, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 4. Securities Available for Sale.”
LendingClub Holding Company
At the holding company level, we continue to measure interest rate sensitivity by evaluating the change in fair value of certain assets and liabilities due to a hypothetical change in interest rates. Principal payments on our HFI loans continue to reduce the outstanding balance of this portfolio, and, as a result, the fair value impact from changes in interest rates continues to diminish.
Contingencies
For a comprehensive discussion of contingencies as of December 31, 2025, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies.”
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our significant accounting policies are described in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” We consider certain of these policies to be critical accounting policies as they require significant management judgments, assumptions and estimates which we believe are critical in understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These judgments, estimates and assumptions are inherently subjective and actual results may materially differ from these estimates and assumptions.
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
Under the CECL methodology, we reserve for expected credit losses on our loan and lease portfolio when they are initially recorded as HFI at amortized cost through the ALLL by using a DCF approach to calculate the NPV of expected cash flows. Loans accounted for under the fair value option do not have an ALLL. Changes in the credit risk profile of our loans and leases result in changes in “Provision for credit losses” on the Income Statement with a resulting change, net of charge-offs and recoveries, in the ACL balance. The majority of our ALLL relates to unsecured personal loans.
The ALLL represents our estimate of expected lifetime credit losses over the contractual life of the loan portfolio. Our determination of the ALLL is based on regular and periodic evaluation of the loan portfolio considering a number of relevant underlying factors, including key assumptions and evaluation of quantitative and qualitative information from internal and external sources. Estimates of expected future loan losses are determined by using statistical models and management’s judgment. The models are designed to forecast probability and timing of default, loss rate exposure at default, recovery expectations, and timing and amount of estimated prepayments. Our statistical models, applied at the portfolio level to pools of loans with similar risk characteristics, produce expected cash flows, which are then discounted at the effective interest rate to derive the NPV. The difference between the NPV and the amortized cost determines the ALLL. The effective interest rate is calculated based on the periodic interest income received from the loan’s contractual cash flows and the net investment in the loan, which includes deferred origination fees and marketing costs, to provide a constant rate of return over the contractual loan term. Under the DCF approach, the provision for credit losses includes credit loss expense in subsequent periods relating to the discounting effect due to the passage of time after the initial recognition of ALLL on originated loans and leases HFI at amortized cost.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Our qualitative allowance is primarily based on macroeconomic unemployment forecast information provided by an external third-party economist, incorporating management’s judgment, and is included in the estimation of expected future expected credit losses. In addition, the qualitative allowance includes adjustments in circumstances where the statistical model output is inconsistent with management’s expectations relating to economic conditions and expected credit losses. Management may make adjustments as the assumptions in the underlying analyses change to reflect an estimate of expected lifetime loan losses and prepayments at the reporting date, based on the best information available at that time.
Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value
Loans initially classified as HFS are reported at their fair value with our election of the fair value option and are classified as Level 3 instruments. We use a DCF approach to calculate the NPV of expected cash flows. This model uses significant unobservable inputs that inherently require judgment and reflect our best estimates of the assumptions a market participant would use to calculate fair value. Those significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of HFS loans include:
•Discount Rate – The weighted-average rate at which the expected cash flows are discounted to arrive at the net present value of the loan. The discount rate is primarily determined based on marketplace investor return expectations.
•Annualized net credit loss rate – The annualized rate of lifetime charge-offs, net of recoveries, expressed as a percentage of the average lifetime principal balance of loan pools with similar characteristics.
•Annualized prepayment rate – The annualized rate of lifetime prepayments expressed as a percentage of the average principal balance of loan pools with similar characteristics.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
MD&A history
Prior-year 10-K MD&A spans are extracted from SEC filings with the same bounded parser used for the latest filing. The latest 10-K appears above; prior years are below.
FY 2024 10-K MD&A
SEC filing source: 0001409970-25-000009.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear in this Annual Report. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and in this Annual Report, particularly in “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors.” The forward-looking statements included in this Report are made only as of the date hereof and we do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
Overview
LendingClub operates a leading, nationally chartered, digital marketplace bank that aims to advantage our members with the information, tools, and guidance needed to achieve their own version of financial success. We do this through a smart, simple, and rewarding digital experience that leverages data and technology to increase access to credit, lower borrowing costs, and improve returns on savings.
Executive Summary
The following results for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023, reflect growth in our Balance Sheet as well as an increase in net income.
•Loan originations: Loan originations decreased $0.2 billion, or 3%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in unsecured personal loan origination volume.
◦Loan originations held for investment (HFI) at amortized cost decreased $0.4 billion, or 21%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the prior year.
◦Loan originations HFI at amortized cost as a percentage of loan originations was 24% and 29% for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The percentage of loan originations HFI in any period is dependent on many factors, including quarterly loan origination volume, risk-adjusted returns, liquidity and general regulatory capital considerations.
•Total net revenue: Total net revenue decreased $77.6 million, or 9.0%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023.
◦Marketplace revenue: Marketplace revenue decreased $48.7 million, or 17%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in servicing fees due to lower loan balances serviced for others as well as a $7.7 million servicing asset write-off related to a loan portfolio purchase in the third quarter of 2024 of loans that we previously originated and sold. In addition, the decrease was also driven by an increased loss in net fair value adjustments due to the increase in the origination volume of marketplace loans, partially offset by higher loan sales prices.
◦Net interest income: Net interest income decreased $27.8 million, or 5%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by lower interest income due to a lower average balance of loans retained as HFI in the current period. In addition, the decrease was also driven by an increase in interest expense associated with growth in interest-bearing deposits and an increase in interest rates. This was partially offset by higher interest income due to a higher average balance of securities retained associated with our Structured Certificates and a higher average balance of loans held for sale (HFS).
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
◦Net interest margin: Net interest margin for the year ended December 31, 2024 was 5.6%, decreasing from 7.0% in the prior year.
•Provision for credit losses: Provision for credit losses decreased $65.3 million, or 27%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in the initial provision for credit losses from a lower volume of originated loans retained as HFI at amortized cost. In addition, the provision for credit losses in 2023 included a higher quantitative and qualitative allowance as a result of an increase in expected losses and a less favorable economic outlook. The year over year decrease was partially offset by the impact of a $8.0 million provision in our Commercial Real Estate (CRE) portfolio due to one legacy office loan, which was recognized in 2024. Excluding this one office loan, the CRE office loan portfolio balance was under $35 million as of December 31, 2024.
•Total non-interest expense: Total non-interest expense decreased $22.8, or 4%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in headcount as a result of the workforce reduction plans we implemented in 2023.
•Net income: Net income increased $12.4 million, or 32%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023.
•Diluted earnings per share (Diluted EPS): Diluted EPS was $0.45 for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $0.36 in the prior year.
•Pre-provision net revenue (PPNR): PPNR for the year ended December 31, 2024 decreased $54.8 million, or 18%, compared to the same period in 2023.
•Total assets: Total assets as of December 31, 2024 increased $1.8 billion, or 20%, compared to the prior year, primarily reflecting growth in securities related to our Structured Certificates program and loans held for investment at fair value, including the purchase of a $1.3 billion outstanding principal balance loan portfolio during the third quarter of 2024. This portfolio consisted of loans that we previously originated and sold. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in loans retained as HFI.
•Deposits: Total deposits as of December 31, 2024 increased $1.7 billion, or 24%, compared to the same period in 2023, primarily reflecting growth in our high-yield savings and certificates of deposit. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)-insured deposits represent approximately 87% of total deposits as of December 31, 2024.
The above summary should be read in conjunction with this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in its entirety. For additional discussion related to our operating segments, see “Segment Information.”
Financial Highlights
We regularly review several metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions. The following presents our select financial metrics for the periods presented:
54
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| As Of and For The Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income | $ | 252,970 | $ | 302,781 | $ | 712,391 | ||||
| Net interest income | 534,041 | 561,838 | 474,825 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 787,011 | 864,619 | 1,187,216 | |||||||
| Non-interest expense | 543,678 | 566,437 | 766,853 | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue (1) | 243,333 | 298,182 | 420,363 | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 178,267 | 243,565 | 267,326 | |||||||
| Income before income tax (expense) benefit | 65,066 | 54,617 | 153,037 | |||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | (13,736) | (15,678) | 136,648 | |||||||
| Net income | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | ||||
| Income tax benefit from release of tax valuation allowance | — | — | 143,495 | |||||||
| Net income excluding income tax benefit (1)(2) | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | $ | 146,190 | ||||
| Basic EPS – common stockholders | $ | 0.46 | $ | 0.36 | $ | 2.80 | ||||
| Diluted EPS – common stockholders | $ | 0.45 | $ | 0.36 | $ | 2.79 | ||||
| Diluted EPS excluding income tax benefit (1)(2) | $ | 0.45 | $ | 0.36 | $ | 1.41 | ||||
| LendingClub Corporation Performance Metrics: | ||||||||||
| Net interest margin | 5.6 | % | 7.0 | % | 8.2 | % | ||||
| Efficiency ratio (3) | 69.1 | % | 65.5 | % | 64.6 | % | ||||
| Return on average equity (ROE) | 4.0 | % | 3.2 | % | 28.4 | % | ||||
| Return on tangible common equity (ROTCE) (1) | 4.3 | % | 3.5 | % | 31.3 | % | ||||
| Return on average total assets (ROA) | 0.5 | % | 0.5 | % | 4.7 | % | ||||
| Marketing as a % of loan originations | 1.4 | % | 1.3 | % | 1.5 | % | ||||
| LendingClub Corporation Capital Metrics: | ||||||||||
| Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | 17.3 | % | 17.9 | % | 15.8 | % | ||||
| Tier 1 leverage ratio | 11.0 | % | 12.9 | % | 14.1 | % | ||||
| Book value per common share | $ | 11.83 | $ | 11.34 | $ | 10.93 | ||||
| Tangible book value per common share (1) | $ | 11.09 | $ | 10.54 | $ | 10.06 | ||||
| Loan Originations (in millions) (4): | ||||||||||
| Marketplace loans | $ | 5,482 | $ | 5,253 | $ | 9,389 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment | 1,735 | 2,184 | 3,731 | |||||||
| Total loan originations | $ | 7,218 | $ | 7,437 | $ | 13,121 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment as a % of total loan originations | 24 | % | 29 | % | 28 | % | ||||
| Servicing Portfolio AUM (in millions) (5): | ||||||||||
| Total servicing portfolio | $ | 12,371 | $ | 14,122 | $ | 16,157 | ||||
| Loans serviced for others | $ | 7,207 | $ | 9,336 | $ | 10,819 |
(1) Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information.
(2) The year ended December 31, 2022 excludes an income tax benefit of $143.5 million due to the release of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance.
(3) Calculated as the ratio of non-interest expense to total net revenue.
(4) Includes unsecured personal loans and auto loans only.
(5) Assets under management (AUM) reflects loans serviced on our platform, which includes outstanding balances of unsecured personal loans, auto refinance loans and education and patient finance loans serviced for others and retained by the Company.
55
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| As of December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||
| Securities available for sale | $ | 3,452,648 | $ | 1,620,262 | ||
| Loans held for sale at fair value | $ | 636,352 | $ | 407,773 | ||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | $ | 4,125,818 | $ | 4,850,302 | ||
| Gross allowance for loan and lease losses (1) | $ | (285,686) | $ | (355,773) | ||
| Recovery asset value (2) | $ | 48,952 | $ | 45,386 | ||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | $ | (236,734) | $ | (310,387) | ||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost, net | $ | 3,889,084 | $ | 4,539,915 | ||
| Loans held for investment at fair value (3)(4) | $ | 1,027,798 | $ | 272,678 | ||
| Total loans and leases held for investment (3)(4) | $ | 4,916,882 | $ | 4,812,593 | ||
| Total assets | $ | 10,630,509 | $ | 8,827,463 | ||
| Total deposits | $ | 9,068,237 | $ | 7,333,486 | ||
| Total liabilities | $ | 9,288,778 | $ | 7,575,641 | ||
| Total equity | $ | 1,341,731 | $ | 1,251,822 | ||
| Allowance Ratios (5): | ||||||
| ALLL to total loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 5.7 | % | 6.4 | % | ||
| ALLL to commercial loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 3.9 | % | 1.8 | % | ||
| ALLL to consumer loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 6.1 | % | 7.2 | % | ||
| Gross ALLL to consumer loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 7.5 | % | 8.3 | % | ||
| Net charge-offs | $ | 249,083 | $ | 261,035 | ||
| Net charge-off ratio (6) | 5.8 | % | 4.9 | % |
(1) Represents the allowance for future estimated net charge-offs on existing portfolio balances.
(2) Represents the negative allowance for expected recoveries of amounts previously charged-off.
(3) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
(4) The balance at December 31, 2024 includes a loan portfolio that was purchased with a $1.3 billion outstanding principal balance during the third quarter of 2024. This portfolio consisted of loans which we previously originated and sold.
(5) Calculated as ALLL or gross ALLL, where applicable, to the corresponding portfolio segment balance of loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost.
(6) Calculated as annualized net charge-offs divided by average outstanding loans and leases HFI at amortized cost, net, during the period.
Results of Operations
This section of this Form 10-K generally discusses 2024 and 2023 items and year-over-year comparisons between 2024 and 2023. For discussion related to 2022 items and year-over-year comparisons between 2023 and 2022, see “Part II – Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
56
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The following table sets forth the Income Statement data for each of the periods presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 vs. 2023Change (%) | 2023 vs. 2022Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income: | |||||||||||||||||
| Marketplace revenue | $ | 242,791 | $ | 291,484 | $ | 683,626 | (17) | % | (57) | % | |||||||
| Other non-interest income | 10,179 | 11,297 | 28,765 | (10) | % | (61) | % | ||||||||||
| Total non-interest income | 252,970 | 302,781 | 712,391 | (16) | % | (57) | % | ||||||||||
| Interest income: | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest on loans held for sale | 92,442 | 35,655 | 26,183 | 159 | % | 36 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest and fees on loans and leases held for investment | 494,214 | 616,735 | 465,450 | (20) | % | 33 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest on loans held for investment at fair value (1) | 77,034 | 74,088 | 31,012 | 4 | % | 139 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest on securities available for sale | 187,961 | 40,235 | 16,116 | 367 | % | 150 | % | ||||||||||
| Other interest income | 56,307 | 65,917 | 18,579 | (15) | % | 255 | % | ||||||||||
| Total interest income | 907,958 | 832,630 | 557,340 | 9 | % | 49 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest expense: | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest on deposits | 369,219 | 265,556 | 60,451 | 39 | % | 339 | % | ||||||||||
| Other interest expense (1) | 4,698 | 5,236 | 22,064 | (10) | % | (76) | % | ||||||||||
| Total interest expense | 373,917 | 270,792 | 82,515 | 38 | % | 228 | % | ||||||||||
| Net interest income | 534,041 | 561,838 | 474,825 | (5) | % | 18 | % | ||||||||||
| Total net revenue | 787,011 | 864,619 | 1,187,216 | (9) | % | (27) | % | ||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 178,267 | 243,565 | 267,326 | (27) | % | (9) | % | ||||||||||
| Non-interest expense: | |||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | 232,158 | 261,948 | 339,397 | (11) | % | (23) | % | ||||||||||
| Marketing | 100,402 | 93,840 | 197,747 | 7 | % | (53) | % | ||||||||||
| Equipment and software | 51,194 | 53,485 | 49,198 | (4) | % | 9 | % | ||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 58,834 | 47,195 | 43,831 | 25 | % | 8 | % | ||||||||||
| Professional services | 32,045 | 35,173 | 50,516 | (9) | % | (30) | % | ||||||||||
| Occupancy | 15,798 | 17,532 | 21,977 | (10) | % | (20) | % | ||||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 53,247 | 57,264 | 64,187 | (7) | % | (11) | % | ||||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | 543,678 | 566,437 | 766,853 | (4) | % | (26) | % | ||||||||||
| Income before income tax (expense) benefit | 65,066 | 54,617 | 153,037 | 19 | % | (64) | % | ||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | (13,736) | (15,678) | 136,648 | (12) | % | (111) | % | ||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | 32 | % | (87) | % |
(1) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
57
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Marketplace Revenue
Marketplace revenue consists of the following:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origination fees | $ | 283,420 | $ | 279,146 | $ | 4,274 | 2 | % | ||||||
| Servicing fees | 64,933 | 98,613 | (33,680) | (34) | % | |||||||||
| Gain on sales of loans | 49,097 | 47,839 | 1,258 | 3 | % | |||||||||
| Net fair value adjustments | (154,659) | (134,114) | (20,545) | (15) | % | |||||||||
| Total marketplace revenue | $ | 242,791 | $ | 291,484 | $ | (48,693) | (17) | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origination fees | $ | 279,146 | $ | 499,179 | $ | (220,033) | (44) | % | ||||||
| Servicing fees | 98,613 | 80,609 | 18,004 | 22 | % | |||||||||
| Gain on sales of loans | 47,839 | 95,335 | (47,496) | (50) | % | |||||||||
| Net fair value adjustments | (134,114) | 8,503 | (142,617) | N/M | ||||||||||
| Total marketplace revenue | $ | 291,484 | $ | 683,626 | $ | (392,142) | (57) | % |
We elected to account for HFS loans under the fair value option. With the election of the fair value option, origination fees, net fair value adjustments prior to sale of the loans, and servicing asset gains on the sales of the loans, are reported as separate components within “Marketplace revenue.”
Origination Fees
Origination fees recorded as a component of marketplace revenue are primarily fees earned related to originating and issuing unsecured personal loans that are HFS.
The following table presents loan origination volume during each of the periods set forth below:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 vs. 2023Change (%) | 2023 vs. 2022Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marketplace loans | $ | 5,482,339 | $ | 5,252,668 | $ | 9,389,445 | 4 | % | (44) | % | |||||||
| Loan originations held for investment | 1,735,409 | 2,184,095 | 3,731,057 | (21) | % | (41) | % | ||||||||||
| Total loan originations (1) | $ | 7,217,748 | $ | 7,436,763 | $ | 13,120,502 | (3) | % | (43) | % |
(1) Includes unsecured personal loans and auto loans only.
Origination fees were $283.4 million and $279.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, an increase of 2%. The increase was primarily due to the increase in the origination volume of marketplace loans.
Servicing Fees
We receive servicing fees to compensate us for servicing loans on behalf of investors, including managing payments from borrowers, collections and payments to those investors. Servicing fee revenue related to loans sold also includes the change in fair value of servicing assets associated with the loans.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The tables below illustrate AUM serviced on our platform by the method in which the loans were financed as of the periods presented. Loans sold and subsequently serviced on behalf of the investor represent a key driver of our servicing fee revenue.
| As of December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUM (in millions): | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans sold | $ | 7,207 | $ | 9,336 | $ | (2,129) | (23) | % | ||||||||
| Loans held by LendingClub Bank | 5,164 | 4,786 | 378 | 8 | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 12,371 | $ | 14,122 | $ | (1,751) | (12) | % |
| As of December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUM (in millions): | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans sold | $ | 9,336 | $ | 10,819 | $ | (1,483) | (14) | % | ||||||||
| Loans held by LendingClub Bank | 4,786 | 5,338 | (552) | (10) | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 14,122 | $ | 16,157 | $ | (2,035) | (13) | % |
In addition to the loans serviced on our marketplace platform, we serviced $102.0 million, $133.2 million and $167.0 million in outstanding principal balance of commercial loans sold as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Servicing fees were $64.9 million and $98.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, a decrease of 34%. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in loan balances serviced for others as well as a $7.7 million servicing asset write-off related to the loan portfolio purchase during the third quarter of 2024 of loans that we previously originated and sold. In addition, the decrease was also driven by a one-time benefit related to recouping volume-based purchase incentives during the third quarter of 2023 as well as an increase in the fair value of the servicing asset based on higher expected servicing fee revenue in 2023.
Gain on Sales of Loans
In connection with loan sales, we recognize a gain or loss on the sale of loans based on the level to which the contractual servicing fee is above or below an estimated market rate of servicing at the time of sale. Additionally, we recognize transaction costs, if any, as a loss on sale of loans.
The following tables present the unpaid principal balance of the volume of marketplace loans sold, which is a key driver of our gain on sales revenue, during each of the periods set forth below:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 vs. 2023Change (%) | 2023 vs. 2022Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marketplace loans sold (1) | $ | 4,716,173 | $ | 4,749,411 | $ | 9,034,583 | (1) | % | (47) | % |
(1) Includes unsecured personal loans and auto loans only.
Gain on sales of loans was $49.1 million and $47.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, an increase of 3%. The increase was primarily due to a decrease in the volume of loans sold with credit support agreements compared to the prior year.
Net Fair Value Adjustments
We record fair value adjustments on loans that are recorded at fair value, which include gains or losses from sale prices in excess of or less than the loan principal amount sold and realized net charge-offs. In addition, as loans are held on the Balance Sheet, incremental fair value adjustments on the loans are recorded in “Net fair value
59
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
adjustments” within “Marketplace revenue,” whereas the associated interest income is recorded within “Net interest income.”
Net fair value adjustments were $(154.7) million and $(134.1) million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, an increased loss of $20.5 million. The increased loss was primarily driven by the increase in the origination volume of marketplace loans. This was partially offset by higher loan sales prices compared to the prior year, resulting primarily from a decrease in interest rates.
Net fair value adjustments primarily consist of fair value adjustments on our loans HFS portfolio. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 7. Fair Value Measurements” for additional information related to the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of loans HFS and activity within the loans HFS portfolio.
60
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Net Interest Income
The table below presents net interest income information corresponding to interest-earning assets and interest-bearing funding sources. The average yield/rate is calculated by dividing the period-end interest income/expense by the average balance.
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and other | $ | 1,081,644 | $ | 56,307 | 5.21 | % | $ | 1,293,047 | $ | 65,917 | 5.10 | % | $ | 987,833 | $ | 18,579 | 1.88 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Securities available for sale at fair value | 2,707,049 | 187,961 | 6.94 | % | 652,047 | 40,235 | 6.17 | % | 370,277 | 16,116 | 4.35 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale at fair value | 719,898 | 92,442 | 12.84 | % | 252,519 | 35,655 | 14.12 | % | 162,760 | 26,183 | 16.09 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured personal loans | 3,220,969 | 431,782 | 13.41 | % | 4,143,482 | 549,256 | 13.26 | % | 2,967,410 | 410,222 | 13.82 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and other consumer loans (2) | 1,073,445 | 62,432 | 5.82 | % | 1,151,201 | 67,479 | 5.86 | % | 1,109,505 | 55,228 | 4.98 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 4,294,414 | 494,214 | 11.51 | % | 5,294,683 | 616,735 | 11.65 | % | 4,076,915 | 465,450 | 11.42 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for investment at fair value (2) | 693,557 | 77,034 | 11.11 | % | 567,504 | 74,088 | 13.06 | % | 219,104 | 31,012 | 14.15 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment (2) | 4,987,971 | 571,248 | 11.45 | % | 5,862,187 | 690,823 | 11.78 | % | 4,296,019 | 496,462 | 11.56 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-earning assets | 9,496,562 | 907,958 | 9.56 | % | 8,059,800 | 832,630 | 10.33 | % | 5,816,889 | 557,340 | 9.58 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks and restricted cash | 51,732 | 70,653 | 72,764 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | (247,458) | (345,434) | (234,532) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other noninterest-earning assets | 621,324 | 676,335 | 547,388 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 9,922,160 | $ | 8,461,354 | $ | 6,202,509 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Checking and money market accounts | $ | 1,012,164 | $ | 35,143 | 3.47 | % | $ | 1,344,431 | $ | 34,462 | 2.56 | % | $ | 2,205,691 | $ | 16,464 | 0.75 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Savings accounts and certificates of deposit | 6,923,221 | 334,076 | 4.83 | % | 5,345,734 | 231,094 | 4.32 | % | 2,123,037 | 43,987 | 2.07 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits | 7,935,385 | 369,219 | 4.65 | % | 6,690,165 | 265,556 | 3.97 | % | 4,328,728 | 60,451 | 1.40 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other interest-bearing liabilities (2) | 143,189 | 4,698 | 3.28 | % | 69,120 | 5,236 | 7.58 | % | 316,193 | 22,064 | 6.98 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | 8,078,574 | 373,917 | 4.63 | % | 6,759,285 | 270,792 | 4.01 | % | 4,644,921 | 82,515 | 1.78 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest-bearing deposits | 323,378 | 236,618 | 264,099 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | 228,270 | 261,401 | 274,209 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 8,630,222 | $ | 7,257,304 | $ | 5,183,229 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total equity | $ | 1,291,938 | $ | 1,204,050 | $ | 1,019,280 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 9,922,160 | $ | 8,461,354 | $ | 6,202,509 |
61
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate spread | 4.93 | % | 6.32 | % | 7.80 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income and net interest margin | $ | 534,041 | 5.62 | % | $ | 561,838 | 6.97 | % | $ | 474,825 | 8.16 | % |
(1) Nonaccrual loans and any related income are included in their respective loan categories.
(2) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
An analysis of the year-over-year changes in the categories of interest revenue and interest expense resulting from changes in volume and rate is as follows:
| 2024 Compared to 2023 | 2023 Compared to 2022 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in: | Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in: | |||||||||||||||||
| Average Volume (1) | Average Yield/Rate(1) | Total | Average Volume (1) | Average Yield/Rate(1) | Total | |||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and other | $ | (10,980) | $ | 1,370 | $ | (9,610) | $ | 7,243 | $ | 40,095 | $ | 47,338 | ||||||
| Securities available for sale at fair value | 142,079 | 5,647 | 147,726 | 15,571 | 8,548 | 24,119 | ||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale at fair value | 60,295 | (3,508) | 56,787 | 12,994 | (3,522) | 9,472 | ||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | (115,197) | (7,324) | (122,521) | 155,258 | (3,973) | 151,285 | ||||||||||||
| Loans held for investment at fair value (2) | 14,988 | (12,042) | 2,946 | 45,661 | (2,585) | 43,076 | ||||||||||||
| Total increase (decrease) in interest income on interest-earning assets | $ | 91,185 | $ | (15,857) | $ | 75,328 | $ | 236,727 | $ | 38,563 | $ | 275,290 | ||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||
| Checking and money market accounts | $ | (9,757) | $ | 10,438 | $ | 681 | $ | (8,592) | $ | 26,590 | $ | 17,998 | ||||||
| Savings accounts and certificates of deposit | 73,880 | 29,102 | 102,982 | 109,053 | 78,054 | 187,107 | ||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits | 64,123 | 39,540 | 103,663 | 100,461 | 104,644 | 205,105 | ||||||||||||
| Other interest-bearing liabilities (2) | 3,532 | (4,070) | (538) | (18,572) | 1,744 | (16,828) | ||||||||||||
| Total increase in interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities | $ | 67,655 | $ | 35,470 | $ | 103,125 | $ | 81,889 | $ | 106,388 | $ | 188,277 | ||||||
| Increase (decrease) in net interest income | $ | 23,530 | $ | (51,327) | $ | (27,797) | $ | 154,838 | $ | (67,825) | $ | 87,013 |
(1) Volume and rate changes have been allocated on a consistent basis using the respective percentage changes in average balances and average rates.
(2) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
62
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Provision for Credit Losses
The allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL) for lifetime expected losses under CECL on HFI loans and leases at amortized cost is initially recognized as “Provision for credit losses” at the time of origination. The ALLL is estimated using a discounted cash flow (DCF) approach, where effective interest rates are used to calculate the net present value (NPV) of expected cash flows. The effective interest rates are calculated based on the periodic interest income received from the loan’s contractual cash flows and the net investment in the loan, which includes deferred origination fees and costs, to provide a constant rate of return over the loan term. The NPV from the DCF approach is then compared to the amortized cost basis of the loans and leases to derive expected credit losses. Under the DCF approach, the provision for credit losses in subsequent periods includes a credit loss expense related to the discounting effect due to the passage of time after the initial recognition of ALLL on originated HFI loans at amortized cost.
The provision for credit losses includes the credit loss expense for HFI loans and leases at amortized cost, available for sale (AFS) securities and unfunded lending commitments. The table below illustrates the composition of the provision for credit losses for each period presented, as well as the loan originations held for investment in each period, which is a key driver for credit loss expense:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit loss expense for loans and leases held for investment | $ | 175,430 | $ | 243,570 | $ | 266,679 | ||||
| Credit loss expense for securities available for sale | 3,527 | — | — | |||||||
| Credit loss expense (benefit) for unfunded lending commitments | (690) | (5) | 647 | |||||||
| Total provision for credit losses | $ | 178,267 | $ | 243,565 | $ | 267,326 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment | $ | 1,735,409 | $ | 2,184,095 | $ | 3,731,057 |
The provision for credit losses was $178.3 million and $243.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, a decrease of 27%. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in the initial provision for credit losses from a lower volume of originated loans retained as HFI at amortized cost. In addition, the provision for credit losses in 2023 included a higher quantitative and qualitative allowance as a result of an increase in expected losses and a less favorable economic outlook. The year over year decrease was partially offset by the impact of a $8.0 million provision in our CRE portfolio due to one legacy office loan, which was recognized in 2024. Excluding this one loan, the CRE office loan portfolio balance was under $35 million as of December 31, 2024.
63
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Allowance for Credit Losses
The activity in the allowance for credit losses (ACL) was as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allowance for loan and lease losses: | ||||||||||
| Beginning of period | $ | 310,387 | $ | 327,852 | $ | 144,389 | ||||
| Credit loss expense for loans and leases held for investment | 175,430 | 243,570 | 266,679 | |||||||
| Charge-offs | (303,593) | (281,107) | (87,473) | |||||||
| Recoveries | 54,510 | 20,072 | 4,257 | |||||||
| End of period | $ | 236,734 | $ | 310,387 | $ | 327,852 | ||||
| Allowance for securities available for sale: | ||||||||||
| Beginning of period | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
| Credit loss expense for securities available for sale | 3,527 | — | — | |||||||
| End of period | $ | 3,527 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
| Reserve for unfunded lending commitments: | ||||||||||
| Beginning of period | $ | 1,873 | $ | 1,878 | $ | 1,231 | ||||
| Credit loss expense (benefit) for unfunded lending commitments | (690) | (5) | 647 | |||||||
| End of period (1) | $ | 1,183 | $ | 1,873 | $ | 1,878 |
(1) Relates to $105.0 million, $78.1 million and $138.0 million of unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
The following table presents the components of the allowance for loan and lease losses:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross allowance for loan and lease losses (1) | $ | 285,686 | $ | 355,773 | $ | 340,369 | ||||
| Recovery asset value (2) | (48,952) | (45,386) | (12,517) | |||||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | $ | 236,734 | $ | 310,387 | $ | 327,852 |
(1) Represents the allowance for future estimated net charge-offs on existing portfolio balances.
(2) Represents a negative allowance for expected recoveries of amounts previously charged-off.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 4,125,818 | $ | 4,850,302 | $ | 5,033,154 | ||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | $ | 236,734 | $ | 310,387 | $ | 327,852 | ||||
| Allowance ratio (1) | 5.7 | % | 6.4 | % | 6.5 | % | ||||
| Gross allowance for loan and lease losses | $ | 285,686 | $ | 355,773 | $ | 340,369 | ||||
| Gross allowance ratio (1) | 6.9 | % | 7.3 | % | 6.8 | % |
(1) Calculated as ALLL or gross ALLL, where applicable, to total loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost.
64
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Net Charge-Offs
The following table presents information regarding average loan and lease balances, net charge-offs and the ratio of net charge-offs to average outstanding loans and leases HFI at amortized cost, net, during the period:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | $ | 4,294,414 | $ | 5,294,683 | $ | 4,076,915 | ||||
| Net charge-offs | 249,083 | 261,035 | 83,216 | |||||||
| Net charge-off ratio | 5.8 | % | 4.9 | % | 2.0 | % |
Nonaccrual
Loans and leases are generally placed on nonaccrual status when contractually past due 90 days or more, or earlier if management believes that the probability of collection does not warrant further accrual. Unsecured personal loans are generally charged-off no later than 120 days past due.
The following table presents nonaccrual loans and leases:
| As of December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonaccrual loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | $ | 72,304 | $ | 44,382 | ||
| % of total loans and leases held for investment | 1.8 | % | 0.9 | % |
For additional information on the ACL and nonaccrual loans and leases, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” and “Note 5. Loans and Leases Held for Investment at Amortized Cost, Net of Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses.”
65
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Non-interest Expense
Non-interest expense primarily consists of (i) compensation and benefits, which include salaries and wages, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, (ii) marketing, which includes costs attributable to borrower and deposit customer acquisition efforts and building general brand awareness, (iii) equipment and software, (iv) depreciation and amortization, (v) professional services, which primarily consist of consulting fees and (vi) occupancy, which includes rent expense and all other costs related to occupying our office spaces.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 232,158 | $ | 261,948 | $ | (29,790) | (11) | % | ||||||
| Marketing | 100,402 | 93,840 | 6,562 | 7 | % | |||||||||
| Equipment and software | 51,194 | 53,485 | (2,291) | (4) | % | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 58,834 | 47,195 | 11,639 | 25 | % | |||||||||
| Professional services | 32,045 | 35,173 | (3,128) | (9) | % | |||||||||
| Occupancy | 15,798 | 17,532 | (1,734) | (10) | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 53,247 | 57,264 | (4,017) | (7) | % | |||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 543,678 | $ | 566,437 | $ | (22,759) | (4) | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 261,948 | $ | 339,397 | $ | (77,449) | (23) | % | ||||||
| Marketing | 93,840 | 197,747 | (103,907) | (53) | % | |||||||||
| Equipment and software | 53,485 | 49,198 | 4,287 | 9 | % | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 47,195 | 43,831 | 3,364 | 8 | % | |||||||||
| Professional services | 35,173 | 50,516 | (15,343) | (30) | % | |||||||||
| Occupancy | 17,532 | 21,977 | (4,445) | (20) | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 57,264 | 64,187 | (6,923) | (11) | % | |||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 566,437 | $ | 766,853 | $ | (200,416) | (26) | % |
Compensation and benefits expense decreased $29.8 million, or 11%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in headcount as a result of the workforce reduction plans we implemented in 2023.
Marketing expense increased $6.6 million, or 7%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The increase was primarily due to an increase in variable marketing expenses based on higher origination volume of marketplace loans.
Equipment and software expense decreased $2.3 million, or 4%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in software license expense.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $11.6 million, or 25%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the amortization of internally-developed software as well as a $5.5 million impairment expense for internally-developed software recorded in 2024.
Professional services expense decreased $3.1 million, or 9%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in consulting fees.
66
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Occupancy expense decreased $1.7 million, or 10%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in rent expense.
Other non-interest expense decreased $4.0 million, or 7%, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in miscellaneous operating expenses.
Income Taxes
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we recorded an income tax expense of $13.7 million and $15.7 million, representing an effective tax rate of 21.1% and 28.7%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2024 differs from the statutory rate due to the favorable impact of recurring tax credits and the unfavorable impact of the non-deductible portions of executive compensation and stock-based compensation. The decrease in effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to a decrease in the unfavorable impact of the non-deductible portions of executive compensation and stock-based compensation. For the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded an income tax benefit of $136.6 million primarily due to the release of a $175.6 million valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, of which $143.5 million was primarily based on our reassessment of the future realizability of our deferred tax assets.
In 2022, we evaluated both positive and negative evidence when assessing the recoverability of our net deferred tax assets. Several factors were considered, which primarily included our business model transition and the resulting increase in profitability and the expectation of continued profitability. These factors resulted in the release of the majority of our valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets in 2022.
As of December 31, 2024, we maintained a valuation allowance of $46.3 million related to certain state net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs) and state tax credit carryforwards. The realization and timing of any remaining state NOLs and state tax credit carryforwards is uncertain and may expire before being utilized, based primarily on the allocation of taxable income constraints to the Parent and not related to the earnings of the Company. Changes to deferred tax asset valuation allowances and liabilities related to uncertain tax positions are recorded as current period income tax expense or benefit.
Income taxes are recorded on a separate entity basis whereby each operating segment determines income tax expense or benefit as if it filed a separate tax return. Differences between separate entity and consolidated tax returns are eliminated upon consolidation.
Segment Information
Reportable Segments
The Company defines operating segments to be components of the Company for which discrete financial information is evaluated regularly by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) to allocate resources and evaluate financial performance. The measure of segment profit used by the CODM in this evaluation is net income. The CODM consists of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. This information is reviewed according to the legal organizational structure of the Company’s operations with products and services presented separately for the parent bank holding company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, LC Bank, which are both considered reportable segments. Income taxes are recorded on a separate entity basis whereby each operating segment determines income tax expense or benefit as if it filed a separate tax return.
67
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
LendingClub Bank
The LC Bank operating segment represents the national bank legal entity and reflects operating activities after its formation. This segment provides a full complement of financial products and solutions, including loans and deposits. It originates loans to individuals and businesses, retains loans for investment, sells loans to investors and manages relationships with deposit holders.
LendingClub Corporation (Parent Only)
The LendingClub Corporation (Parent only) operating segment represents the holding company legal entity and predominately reflects the operations of the Company prior to the formation of LC Bank. This activity includes, but is not limited to, servicing fee revenue on purchased servicing assets, and interest income and interest expense related to the Retail Program and Structured Program transactions entered into prior to LC Bank’s formation.
Financial information for the segments is presented in the following table:
| LendingClub Bank | LendingClub Corporation (Parent only) | Total Reportable Segments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year ended | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketplace revenue | $ | 176,921 | $ | 206,381 | $ | 610,536 | $ | 36,595 | $ | 41,817 | $ | 48,231 | $ | 213,516 | $ | 248,198 | $ | 658,767 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-interest income | 53,643 | 74,684 | 85,208 | 9,038 | 9,503 | 15,628 | 62,681 | 84,187 | 100,836 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest income | 230,564 | 281,065 | 695,744 | 45,633 | 51,320 | 63,859 | 276,197 | 332,385 | 759,603 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 902,741 | 818,206 | 526,471 | 5,217 | 14,424 | 30,869 | 907,958 | 832,630 | 557,340 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (373,219) | (266,218) | (60,954) | (698) | (4,574) | (21,561) | (373,917) | (270,792) | (82,515) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | 529,522 | 551,988 | 465,517 | 4,519 | 9,850 | 9,308 | 534,041 | 561,838 | 474,825 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue | 760,086 | 833,053 | 1,161,261 | 50,152 | 61,170 | 73,167 | 810,238 | 894,223 | 1,234,428 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | (178,267) | (243,565) | (267,326) | — | — | — | (178,267) | (243,565) | (267,326) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | (225,620) | (255,428) | (331,627) | (6,538) | (6,520) | (7,770) | (232,158) | (261,948) | (339,397) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketing | (100,400) | (93,840) | (197,559) | (2) | — | (188) | (100,402) | (93,840) | (197,747) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equipment and Software | (51,068) | (53,239) | (49,004) | (126) | (246) | (194) | (51,194) | (53,485) | (49,198) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and Amortization | (50,309) | (30,216) | (16,489) | (8,525) | (16,979) | (27,342) | (58,834) | (47,195) | (43,831) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional Services | (31,376) | (33,963) | (49,993) | (669) | (1,210) | (523) | (32,045) | (35,173) | (50,516) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Occupancy | (7,582) | (7,980) | (8,631) | (8,216) | (9,552) | (13,346) | (15,798) | (17,532) | (21,977) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | (54,963) | (62,360) | (71,001) | (21,511) | (24,508) | (40,398) | (76,474) | (86,868) | (111,399) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | (521,318) | (537,026) | (724,304) | (45,587) | (59,015) | (89,761) | (566,905) | (596,041) | (814,065) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | (12,824) | (17,881) | (42,354) | (912) | 2,203 | 125,954 | (13,736) | (15,678) | 83,600 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income(1) | $ | 47,677 | $ | 34,581 | $ | 127,277 | $ | 3,653 | $ | 4,358 | $ | 109,360 | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | $ | 236,637 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | $ | 54,302 | $ | 59,509 | $ | 69,481 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 54,302 | $ | 59,509 | $ | 69,481 |
(1) Total net income from reportable segments reflects net income on a consolidated basis.
68
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total net revenue – reportable segments | $ | 810,238 | $ | 894,223 | $ | 1,234,428 | ||||
| Intercompany eliminations | (23,227) | (29,604) | (47,212) | |||||||
| Total net revenue – consolidated | $ | 787,011 | $ | 864,619 | $ | 1,187,216 |
An analysis of the Company’s results of operations and material drivers and trends of the financial results of the segments presented above are consistent with those provided on a consolidated basis in “Results of Operations.”
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we use the following non-GAAP financial measures: Pre-Provision Net Revenue (PPNR), Tangible Book Value (TBV) Per Common Share, Return on Tangible Common Equity (ROTCE), Net Income Excluding Income Tax Benefit and Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit. Our non-GAAP financial measures do have limitations as analytical tools and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for an analysis of our results under GAAP.
We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide management and investors with useful supplemental information about the financial performance of our business, enable comparison of financial results between periods where certain items may vary independent of business performance, and enable comparison of our financial results with other public companies.
We believe PPNR, Net Income Excluding Income Tax Benefit and Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit are important measures because they reflect the financial performance of our business operations. PPNR is a non-GAAP financial measure calculated by subtracting the provision for credit losses and income tax benefit/expense from net income. Net Income Excluding Income Tax Benefit adjusts for the release of a deferred tax asset valuation allowance in 2022. Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit is a non-GAAP financial measure calculated by dividing Net Income Excluding Income Tax Benefit by the weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding.
We believe TBV Per Common Share is an important measure used to evaluate the Company’s use of equity. TBV Per Common Share is a non-GAAP financial measure representing tangible common equity for the period (common equity reduced by goodwill and customer relationship intangible assets), divided by the ending number of common shares issued and outstanding.
We believe ROTCE is an important measure because it reflects the Company's ability to generate income from its core assets. ROTCE is a non-GAAP financial measure calculated by dividing net income by the average tangible common equity for the applicable period.
The following tables provide a reconciliation of PPNR to the nearest GAAP measure:
| For the year ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP Net income | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | ||||
| Less: Provision for credit losses | (178,267) | (243,565) | (267,326) | |||||||
| Less: Income tax (expense) benefit | (13,736) | (15,678) | 136,648 | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue | $ | 243,333 | $ | 298,182 | $ | 420,363 |
69
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| For the year ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income | $ | 252,970 | $ | 302,781 | $ | 712,391 | ||||
| Net interest income | 534,041 | 561,838 | 474,825 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 787,011 | 864,619 | 1,187,216 | |||||||
| Non-interest expense | (543,678) | (566,437) | (766,853) | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue | 243,333 | 298,182 | 420,363 | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | (178,267) | (243,565) | (267,326) | |||||||
| Income before income tax (expense) benefit | 65,066 | 54,617 | 153,037 | |||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | (13,736) | (15,678) | 136,648 | |||||||
| GAAP Net income | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 |
The following table provides a reconciliation of TBV Per Common Share to the nearest GAAP measure:
| As of December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP common equity | $ | 1,341,731 | $ | 1,251,822 | $ | 1,164,294 | ||||
| Less: Goodwill | (75,717) | (75,717) | (75,717) | |||||||
| Less: Customer relationship intangible assets | (8,586) | (12,135) | (16,334) | |||||||
| Tangible common equity | $ | 1,257,428 | $ | 1,163,970 | $ | 1,072,243 | ||||
| Book value per common share | ||||||||||
| GAAP common equity | $ | 1,341,731 | $ | 1,251,822 | $ | 1,164,294 | ||||
| Common shares issued and outstanding | 113,383,917 | 110,410,602 | 106,546,995 | |||||||
| Book value per common share | $ | 11.83 | $ | 11.34 | $ | 10.93 | ||||
| Tangible book value per common share | ||||||||||
| Tangible common equity | $ | 1,257,428 | $ | 1,163,970 | $ | 1,072,243 | ||||
| Common shares issued and outstanding | 113,383,917 | 110,410,602 | 106,546,995 | |||||||
| Tangible book value per common share | $ | 11.09 | $ | 10.54 | $ | 10.06 |
The following table provides a reconciliation of ROTCE to the nearest GAAP measure:
| As of and For The Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average GAAP common equity | $ | 1,291,938 | $ | 1,204,050 | $ | 1,019,280 | ||||
| Less: Average goodwill | (75,717) | (75,717) | (75,717) | |||||||
| Less: Average customer relationship intangible assets | (10,324) | (14,198) | (18,721) | |||||||
| Average tangible common equity | $ | 1,205,897 | $ | 1,114,135 | $ | 924,842 | ||||
| Return on average equity | ||||||||||
| GAAP net income | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | ||||
| Average GAAP common equity | 1,291,938 | 1,204,050 | 1,019,280 | |||||||
| Return on average equity | 4.0 | % | 3.2 | % | 28.4 | % | ||||
| Return on tangible common equity | ||||||||||
| GAAP net income | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | ||||
| Average tangible common equity | 1,205,897 | 1,114,135 | 924,842 | |||||||
| Return on tangible common equity | 4.3 | % | 3.5 | % | 31.3 | % |
70
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The following table provides a reconciliation of Net Income Excluding Income Tax Benefit and Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit to the nearest GAAP measures:
| As of and For The Year Ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP Net income | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | ||||
| Income tax benefit from release of tax valuation allowance | — | — | 143,495 | |||||||
| Net income excluding income tax benefit | $ | 51,330 | $ | 38,939 | $ | 146,190 | ||||
| GAAP Diluted EPS – common stockholders | $ | 0.45 | $ | 0.36 | $ | 2.79 | ||||
| (A) | Income tax benefit from release of tax valuation allowance | N/A | N/A | $ | 143,495 | |||||
| (B) | Weighted-average common shares – Diluted | N/A | N/A | 104,001,288 | ||||||
| (A/B) | Diluted EPS impact of income tax benefit | N/A | N/A | $ | 1.38 | |||||
| Diluted EPS excluding income tax benefit | $ | 0.45 | $ | 0.36 | $ | 1.41 |
N/A – Not applicable
Supervision and Regulatory Environment
We are subject to periodic exams, investigations, inquiries or requests, enforcement actions and other proceedings from federal and state regulatory and/or law enforcement agencies, including the federal banking regulators that directly regulate the Company and/or LC Bank. Further, we are subject to claims, individual and class action lawsuits, and lawsuits alleging regulatory violations. Although historically the Company has generally resolved these matters in a manner that was not materially adverse to its financial results or business operations, no assurance can be given as to the timing, outcome or consequences of any of these matters in the future.
We are subject to supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by multiple federal banking regulatory bodies. Specifically, as a bank holding company, the Company is subject to ongoing and comprehensive supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB). Further, as a national bank, LC Bank is subject to ongoing and comprehensive supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC). Accordingly, we have been and continue to invest in regulatory compliance and be subject to certain parameters, obligations and/or limitations set forth by the banking regulations and regulators with respect to the operation of our business.
If we are found to not have complied with applicable laws, regulations or requirements, we could: (i) lose one or more of our licenses or authorizations, or be required to obtain a new license or authorization, (ii) become subject to a consent order or administrative enforcement action, (iii) face lawsuits (including class action lawsuits), sanctions, penalties, or other monetary losses due to judgments, orders, or settlements, (iv) be in breach of certain contracts, which may void or cancel such contracts, (v) decide or be compelled to modify or suspend certain of our business practices and/or (vi) be unable to execute on certain Company initiatives, which may have an adverse effect on our ability to operate and/or evolve our lending marketplace and other products and/or services; any of which may harm our business or financial results.
See “Part I – Item 1. Business – Regulation and Supervision,” “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Regulation, Supervision and Compliance,” and “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Operating Our Business” of this Annual Report for further discussion regarding our supervision and regulatory environment.
71
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Capital Management
The prudent management of capital is fundamental to the successful achievement of our business initiatives. We actively review capital through a process that continuously assesses and monitors the Company’s overall capital adequacy. Our objective is to maintain capital at an amount commensurate with our risk profile and risk tolerance objectives, and to meet both regulatory and market expectations.
The formation of LC Bank as a nationally chartered association and the organization of the Company as a bank holding company subjects us to various capital adequacy guidelines issued by the OCC and the FRB, including the requirement to maintain regulatory capital ratios in accordance with the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision standardized approach for U.S. banking organizations (Basel III). As a Basel III standardized approach institution, we selected the one-time election to opt-out of the requirements to include all the components of accumulated other comprehensive income included in common stockholder’s equity. The minimum capital requirements under the Basel III capital framework are: a Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) risk-based capital ratio of 4.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%. Additionally, a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% must be maintained above the minimum risk-based capital requirements in order to avoid certain limitations on capital distributions, stock repurchases, and certain discretionary bonus payments. In addition to these guidelines, the banking regulators may require a banking organization to maintain capital at levels higher than the minimum ratios prescribed under the Basel III capital framework. See “Part I – Item 1. Business – Regulation and Supervision – Capital and Liquidity Requirements and Prompt Corrective Action” of this Annual Report for additional information regarding regulatory capital requirements.
The following table presents the actual capital amounts and ratios of the Company and LC Bank as well as the regulatory minimum and “well-capitalized” requirements (dollars in millions):
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | Required Minimum (1) | Well-Capitalized Minimum | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | ||||||||||||||||
| LendingClub Corporation: | |||||||||||||||||||
| CET1 capital (2) | $ | 1,188.6 | 17.3 | % | $ | 1,090.2 | 17.9 | % | 7.0 | % | N/A | ||||||||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 1,188.6 | 17.3 | % | $ | 1,090.2 | 17.9 | % | 8.5 | % | 6.0 | % | |||||||
| Total capital | $ | 1,276.5 | 18.5 | % | $ | 1,169.2 | 19.2 | % | 10.5 | % | 10.0 | % | |||||||
| Tier 1 leverage | $ | 1,188.6 | 11.0 | % | $ | 1,090.2 | 12.9 | % | 4.0 | % | N/A | ||||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 6,887.1 | N/A | $ | 6,104.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||
| Quarterly adjusted average assets | $ | 10,814.0 | N/A | $ | 8,476.1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||
| LendingClub Bank: | |||||||||||||||||||
| CET1 capital (2) | $ | 1,101.4 | 16.1 | % | $ | 949.4 | 15.8 | % | 7.0 | % | 6.5 | % | |||||||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 1,101.4 | 16.1 | % | $ | 949.4 | 15.8 | % | 8.5 | % | 8.0 | % | |||||||
| Total capital | $ | 1,188.5 | 17.4 | % | $ | 1,027.4 | 17.1 | % | 10.5 | % | 10.0 | % | |||||||
| Tier 1 leverage | $ | 1,101.4 | 10.3 | % | $ | 949.4 | 11.4 | % | 4.0 | % | 5.0 | % | |||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 6,823.1 | N/A | $ | 6,022.2 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||
| Quarterly adjusted average assets | $ | 10,696.7 | N/A | $ | 8,337.4 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
N/A – Not applicable
(1) Required minimums presented for risk-based capital ratios include the required capital conservation buffer of 2.5%.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
(2) CET1 capital consists of common stockholders’ equity as defined under U.S. GAAP and certain adjustments made in accordance with regulatory capital guidelines, including the addition of the CECL transitional benefit and deductions for goodwill and other intangible assets.
The higher risk-based capital ratios for the Company reflect higher capital at LendingClub Corporation as compared with LC Bank.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the FRB, OCC, and FDIC adopted a final rule related to the regulatory capital treatment of the allowance for credit losses under CECL. As permitted by the rule, the Company elected to delay the estimated impact of CECL on regulatory capital resulting in a CET1 capital benefit of $35 million at December 31, 2021. This benefit was phased out over a three-year transition period that commenced on January 1, 2022 at a rate of 25% each year through January 1, 2025.
Liquidity
We manage liquidity to meet our cash flow and collateral obligations in a timely manner at a reasonable cost. We must maintain operating liquidity to meet our expected daily and forecasted cash flow requirements, as well as contingent liquidity to meet unexpected funding requirements.
As our primary business at LC Bank involves taking deposits and originating loans, a key role of liquidity management is to ensure that customers have timely access to funds from deposits and for loans. Liquidity management also involves maintaining sufficient liquidity to repay borrowings, pay operating expenses and support extraordinary funding requirements when necessary.
LendingClub Bank Liquidity
The following table summarizes LC Bank’s primary sources of short-term liquidity as of the periods presented:
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 932,463 | $ | 1,230,206 | ||
| Securities available for sale (1) | $ | 382,876 | $ | 370,466 | ||
| Deposits | $ | 9,116,821 | $ | 7,426,445 | ||
| Available borrowing capacity: | ||||||
| FRB Discount Window (2) | $ | 2,635,034 | $ | 2,816,501 | ||
| FHLB of Des Moines (3) | 626,117 | 661,337 | ||||
| Total available borrowing capacity | $ | 3,261,151 | $ | 3,477,838 |
(1) Excludes illiquid securities available for sale.
(2) As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $3.2 billion and $3.5 billion in loans pledged under the FRB Discount Window, respectively.
(3) As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $456.4 million in loans and $373.5 million in securities pledged to the FHLB of Des Moines. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $479.0 million in loans and $359.5 million in securities pledged to the FHLB of Des Moines.
The primary uses of LC Bank liquidity include (i) the funding/acquisition of loans and securities purchases, (ii) withdrawals, maturities and the payment of interest on deposits, (iii) compensation and benefits expense, (iv) taxes, (v) capital expenditures, including internally developed software, leasehold improvements and computer equipment, and (vi) costs associated with the continued development and support of our digital marketplace bank.
73
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Deposits
Deposits represent an important source of funding for LC Bank. We offer deposit accounts to our members, which include both interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing deposits. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the amount of uninsured deposits totaled $1.2 billion and $0.9 billion, respectively, or 13% of total deposits as of both periods. Uninsured time deposits as of December 31, 2024, by remaining time to maturity, were as follows:
| 3 months or less | $ | 39,180 |
|---|---|---|
| Over 3 months through 6 months | 84,511 | |
| Over 6 months through 12 months | 105,535 | |
| Over 12 months | 46,783 | |
| Total uninsured time deposits (1) | $ | 276,009 |
(1) Consist of certificates of deposit accounts that are in excess of the FDIC insurance limit of $250 thousand per account holder.
Capital Expenditures
Net capital expenditures were $54.3 million, or 7% of total net revenue, and $59.5 million, or 7% of total net revenue, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Capital expenditures in 2025 are expected to be approximately $65 million, primarily related to costs associated with the continued development and support of our digital marketplace bank.
LendingClub Holding Company Liquidity
The primary source of liquidity at the holding company is $66.0 million and $110.3 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Additionally, the holding company has the ability to access the capital markets through additional registrations and public equity offerings.
Uses of cash at the holding company include the routine cash flow requirements as a bank holding company, such as interest and expenses (including those associated with our office leases), the needs of LC Bank for additional equity and, as required, its need for debt financing and support for extraordinary funding requirements when necessary.
Factors Impacting Liquidity
The Company’s liquidity could be adversely impacted by deteriorating financial and market conditions, the inability or unwillingness of a creditor to provide funding, an idiosyncratic event (e.g., a major loss, causing a perceived or actual deterioration in its financial condition), an adverse systemic event (e.g., default or bankruptcy of a significant capital markets participant), or others.
We believe, based on our projections, that our cash on hand, liquid AFS securities, deposits, available borrowing capacity, and net cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities are sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for the next twelve months, as well as beyond the next twelve months. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows” for additional detail regarding our cash flows.
Market Risk
Market risk represents the risk of potential losses arising from changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, commodity prices, and/or other relevant market rates or prices. The primary market risk to which we
74
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
are exposed is interest rate risk. Interest rate risk arises from financial instruments including loans, securities and borrowings, all entered into for purposes other than trading.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
LendingClub Bank
Our net interest income is affected by changes in the level of interest rates, the impact of interest rate fluctuations on asset prepayments, and the level and composition of deposits and liabilities, among other factors.
Loans HFI and AFS securities at LC Bank are funded primarily through our deposit base. The majority of loans HFI and AFS securities are fixed-rate instruments over the term of the loan or security. As a result, the primary component of interest rate risk on our financial instruments arises from the impact of fluctuations in loan, security, and deposit rates on our net interest income. Therefore, we use a sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of hypothetical changes in interest rates on our net interest income results. The outcome of the analysis is influenced by a variety of assumptions, including the maturity profile and prepayment level of our unsecured consumer loans and expected consumer responses to changes in rates paid on non-maturity deposit products. Our assumptions are periodically calibrated to observed data and/or expected outcomes. We actively monitor the level of exposure to movements in interest rates and have entered into interest rate hedging instruments, some of which qualify for hedge accounting treatment, to manage such risk. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 8. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information.
The following table presents the change in projected net interest income for the next twelve months due to a hypothetical instantaneous parallel change in interest rates relative to current rates:
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Instantaneous Change in Interest Rates: | |||||
| + 200 basis points | (7.1) | % | (4.8) | % | |
| + 100 basis points | (3.5) | % | (2.2) | % | |
| - 100 basis points | 1.1 | % | — | % | |
| - 200 basis points | 1.6 | % | (0.4) | % |
As illustrated in the table above, net interest income is projected to decrease over the next twelve months during hypothetical rising interest rate environments primarily as a result of higher rates paid on interest-bearing deposits, partially offset by higher rates earned on new loans, security purchases, and cash and cash equivalents as well as by the impact of our hedging activity. Conversely, net interest income is projected to increase over the next twelve months during hypothetical declining interest rate environments. The increase in sensitivity as of December 31, 2024 relative to the prior year is primarily due to the growth of our Balance Sheet as well as the composition of our loans, deposits, and hedging instruments. Furthermore, during fluctuating interest rate environments, the increased sensitivity of repricing interest-bearing deposits is more impactful than that of repricing fixed-rate loans.
Although we believe that these measurements provide an estimate of our interest rate sensitivity, they do not account for potential changes in credit quality, balance sheet mix, size of our balance sheet, or other business developments that could affect net income. Actual results could differ materially from the estimated outcomes of our simulations.
75
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Maturities
The following table presents the maturities of loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost and at fair value as of December 31, 2024:
| Due in 1 Year or Less | Due After 1 Year Through 5 Years | Due After 5 Years Through 15 Years | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unsecured personal | $ | 283,739 | $ | 3,541,859 | $ | 308,672 | $ | 4,134,270 | ||||||
| Residential mortgages | 2,839 | 9,599 | 160,273 | 172,711 | ||||||||||
| Secured consumer | 1,615 | 176,973 | 51,644 | 230,232 | ||||||||||
| Total consumer loans held for investment | 288,193 | 3,728,431 | 520,589 | 4,537,213 | ||||||||||
| Equipment finance | 5,997 | 58,235 | — | 64,232 | ||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | 25,594 | 137,816 | 210,375 | 373,785 | ||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | 2,780 | 24,722 | 150,884 | 178,386 | ||||||||||
| Total commercial loans and leases held for investment | 34,371 | 220,773 | 361,259 | 616,403 | ||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 322,564 | $ | 3,949,204 | $ | 881,848 | $ | 5,153,616 | ||||||
| Loans and leases due after one year at fixed interest rates | N/A | $ | 3,864,275 | $ | 472,496 | $ | 4,336,771 | |||||||
| Loans and leases due after one year at variable interest rates | N/A | $ | 84,929 | $ | 409,352 | $ | 494,281 |
N/A – Not applicable
For the contractual maturities and weighted-average yields on the Company’s AFS securities portfolio, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 4. Securities Available for Sale.”
LendingClub Holding Company
At the holding company level, we continue to measure interest rate sensitivity by evaluating the change in fair value of certain assets and liabilities due to a hypothetical change in interest rates. Principal payments on our loans HFI continue to reduce the outstanding balance of this portfolio, and, as a result, the fair value impact from changes in interest rates continues to diminish.
Contingencies
For a comprehensive discussion of contingencies as of December 31, 2024, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 19. Commitments and Contingencies.”
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our significant accounting policies are described in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” We consider certain of these policies to be critical accounting policies as they require significant management judgments, assumptions and estimates which we believe are critical in understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These judgments, estimates and assumptions are inherently subjective and actual results may materially differ from these estimates and assumptions.
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
Under the CECL model, we reserve for expected credit losses on our loan and lease portfolio when loans are initially recorded as HFI at amortized cost through the ALLL by using a DCF approach to calculate the NPV of
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
expected cash flows. Loans accounted for under the fair value option do not have an ALLL. Changes in the credit risk profile of our loans and leases result in changes in “Provision for credit losses” on the Income Statement with a resulting change, net of charge-offs and recoveries, in the ACL balance. The majority of our ALLL relates to unsecured personal loans.
The ALLL represents our estimate of expected lifetime credit losses over the contractual life of the loan portfolio. Our determination of the ALLL is based on regular and periodic evaluation of the loan portfolio considering a number of relevant underlying factors, including key assumptions and evaluation of quantitative and qualitative information from internal and external sources. Estimates of expected future loan losses are determined by using statistical models and management’s judgement. The models are designed to forecast probability and timing of default, loss rate exposure at default, recovery expectations, and timing and amount of estimated prepayments by correlating certain macroeconomic unemployment forecast data to historical experience. Our statistical models, applied at the portfolio level to pools of loans with similar risk characteristics, produce expected cash flows, which are then discounted at the effective interest rate to derive the NPV. The difference between the NPV and the amortized cost determines the ALLL. The effective interest rate is calculated based on the periodic interest income received from the loan’s contractual cash flows and the net investment in the loan, which includes deferred origination fees and costs, to provide a constant rate of return over the contractual loan term. Under the DCF approach, the provision for credit losses includes credit loss expense in subsequent periods relating to the discounting effect due to the passage of time after the initial recognition of ALLL on originated HFI loans at amortized cost.
Our qualitative allowance is primarily based on macroeconomic unemployment forecast information provided by an external third-party economist, incorporating management’s judgement, and is included in the estimation of expected future expected credit losses. In addition, the qualitative allowance includes adjustments in circumstances where the statistical model output is inconsistent with management’s expectations relating to economic conditions and expected credit losses. Management may make adjustments as the assumptions in the underlying analyses change to reflect an estimate of expected lifetime loan losses and prepayments at the reporting date, based on the best information available at that time.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
FY 2023 10-K MD&A
SEC filing source: 0001409970-24-000009.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear in this Annual Report. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and in this Annual Report, particularly in “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors.”
Overview
LendingClub was founded in 2006 and brought a traditional credit product – the installment loan – into the digital age by leveraging technology, data science, and a unique marketplace model. In February 2021, LendingClub completed the acquisition of Radius, becoming a bank holding company and forming LC Bank as its wholly-owned subsidiary. LendingClub now operates a leading digital marketplace bank and is one of a small number of fintech companies with a national bank charter. We are building a new of kind of bank, one that aims to advantage our members with the information, tools, and guidance they need to achieve their own version of financial success. We do this by leveraging data and technology to increase access to credit, lower borrowing costs, and improve the return on savings – all through a smart, simple, and rewarding digital experience.
Executive Summary
Despite the interest rate environment and broader economic volatility adversely impacting our business, predominantly through investor demand and pricing for marketplace loans, we have been able to sustain GAAP profitability as a result of our differentiated business model, strong execution, data advantage, and ongoing innovation. While we expect these headwinds to persist, we’re leveraging our Structured Certificates program to drive marketplace originations and managing the business prudently by aligning our expense base to current market conditions. Furthermore, we maintained strong liquidity and capital levels and delivered the following results, despite a challenging economic environment.
In 2023, our total headcount decreased by 560 employees, or 35%, compared to the prior year, primarily due to the workforce reduction plans we implemented during the year to align our cost structure to our financial profile given the continued adverse impact of the evolving macroeconomic environment on our business.
•Loan originations: Loan originations decreased $5.7 billion, or 43%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in unsecured personal loan origination volume. We attribute the decrease in volume and investor demand to the rising interest rate environment.
◦Loan originations held for investment (HFI) at amortized cost decreased $1.5 billion, or 41%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the prior year.
◦Loan originations HFI at amortized cost as a percentage of loan originations was 29% and 28% for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The percentage of loan originations HFI in any period is dependent on many factors, including quarterly loan origination volume, risk-adjusted returns, liquidity and general regulatory capital considerations. We expect this percentage to decrease in the near-term due to a shift in the mix toward retaining lower-risk securities associated with our Structured Certificates.
•Total net revenue: Total net revenue decreased $322.6 million, or 27%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
◦Marketplace revenue: Marketplace revenue decreased $392.1 million, or 57%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in loan origination volume and lower loan sales prices resulting from a shift in investor demand from banks to asset managers.
◦Net interest income: Net interest income increased $87.0 million, or 18%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily driven by higher interest income due to a higher average balance of loans retained as HFI in the current period, a higher average balance of securities retained associated with our Structured Certificates and higher interest rates earned on cash and cash equivalents, partially offset by higher interest rates paid on a higher average balance of deposits.
◦Net interest margin: Net interest margin for the year ended December 31, 2023 was 7.0%, decreasing from 8.2% in the prior year.
•Provision for credit losses: Provision for credit losses decreased $23.8 million, or 9%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to lower volume of originated loans retained as HFI at amortized cost and the related initial provision for credit losses, partially offset by an increase in quantitative and qualitative allowance due to an increase in expected losses and a less favorable economic outlook.
•Total non-interest expense: Total non-interest expense decreased $200.4 million, or 26%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in variable marketing expenses based on lower origination volume and prudent management of expenses and a decrease in compensation expense due to a decrease in headcount as a result of the workforce reduction plans we implemented in January and October 2023.
•Net income: Net income decreased $250.7 million, or 87%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. Net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 included a $143.5 million income tax benefit related to the reversal of our valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets.
•Diluted Earnings Per Share (EPS): Diluted EPS was $0.36 for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to $2.79 in the prior year. Diluted EPS for the year ended December 31, 2022 included a $1.38 per share benefit from the deferred tax valuation allowance reversal.
•Pre-provision net revenue (PPNR): PPNR for the year ended December 31, 2023 decreased $122.2 million, or 29%, compared to the same period in 2022.
•Cash and cash equivalents: Total cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2023 increased $195.5 million, or 18%, compared to the same period in 2022. The increase is primarily due to an increase in deposits.
•Total assets: Total assets as of December 31, 2023 increased $847.7 million, or 11%, compared to the prior year, primarily reflecting growth in securities related to our Structured Certificates, growth in loans held for sale (HFS) related to our extended seasoning program and an increase in cash and cash equivalents due to the growth in deposits. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in loans retained as HFI.
•Total deposits: Total deposits as of December 31, 2023 increased $940.9 million, or 15%, compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to an increase in customer certificates of deposit. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)-insured deposits represented approximately 87% of total deposits as of December 31, 2023.
53
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
•Total equity: Total equity as of December 31, 2023 increased $87.5 million, or 8%, compared to the same period in 2022, primarily reflecting an increase in Additional Paid-In Capital resulting from Stock-Based Compensation expense and net income generated over the period.
The above summary should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in its entirety. For additional discussion related to our operating segments, see “Segment Information.”
Financial Highlights
We regularly review several metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions. The following presents our select financial metrics for the periods presented:
54
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| As Of and For The Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income | $ | 302,781 | $ | 712,391 | $ | 605,799 | ||||
| Net interest income | 561,838 | 474,825 | 212,831 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 864,619 | 1,187,216 | 818,630 | |||||||
| Non-interest expense | 566,437 | 766,853 | 661,386 | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue (1) | 298,182 | 420,363 | 157,244 | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 243,565 | 267,326 | 138,800 | |||||||
| Income before income tax benefit (expense) | 54,617 | 153,037 | 18,444 | |||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | (15,678) | 136,648 | 136 | |||||||
| Net income | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 | ||||
| Income tax benefit from release of tax valuation allowance | — | 143,495 | — | |||||||
| Net income excluding income tax benefit (1)(2) | $ | 38,939 | $ | 146,190 | $ | 18,580 | ||||
| Basic EPS – common stockholders | $ | 0.36 | $ | 2.80 | $ | 0.19 | ||||
| Diluted EPS – common stockholders | $ | 0.36 | $ | 2.79 | $ | 0.18 | ||||
| Diluted EPS excluding income tax benefit (1)(2) | $ | 0.36 | $ | 1.41 | $ | 0.18 | ||||
| LendingClub Corporation Performance Metrics: | ||||||||||
| Net interest margin | 7.0 | % | 8.2 | % | 5.6 | % | ||||
| Efficiency ratio (3) | 65.5 | % | 64.6 | % | 80.8 | % | ||||
| Return on average equity (ROE) | 3.2 | % | 28.4 | % | 2.4 | % | ||||
| Return on average total assets (ROA) | 0.5 | % | 4.7 | % | 0.4 | % | ||||
| Marketing as a % of loan originations | 1.3 | % | 1.5 | % | 1.5 | % | ||||
| LendingClub Corporation Capital Metrics: | ||||||||||
| Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | 17.9 | % | 15.8 | % | 21.3 | % | ||||
| Tier 1 leverage ratio | 12.9 | % | 14.1 | % | 16.5 | % | ||||
| Book value per common share | $ | 11.34 | $ | 10.93 | $ | 8.41 | ||||
| Tangible book value per common share (1) | $ | 10.54 | $ | 10.06 | $ | 7.46 | ||||
| Loan Originations (in millions) (4): | ||||||||||
| Marketplace loans | $ | 5,253 | $ | 9,389 | $ | 8,099 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment | 2,184 | 3,731 | 2,282 | |||||||
| Total loan originations | $ | 7,437 | $ | 13,121 | $ | 10,381 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment as a % of total loan originations | 29 | % | 28 | % | 22 | % | ||||
| Servicing Portfolio AUM (in millions) (5): | ||||||||||
| Total servicing portfolio | $ | 14,122 | $ | 16,157 | $ | 12,463 | ||||
| Loans serviced for others | $ | 9,336 | $ | 10,819 | $ | 10,124 |
(1) Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information.
(2) The year ended December 31, 2022 excludes an income tax benefit of $143.5 million due to the release of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance.
(3) Calculated as the ratio of non-interest expense to total net revenue.
(4) Includes unsecured personal loans and auto loans only.
(5) Assets under management (AUM) reflects loans serviced on our platform, which includes outstanding balances of unsecured personal loans, auto refinance loans and education and patient finance loans serviced for others and retained for investment by the Company.
55
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| As of December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||
| Securities available for sale | $ | 1,620,262 | $ | 345,702 | ||
| Loans held for sale at fair value | $ | 407,773 | $ | 110,400 | ||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost, net, excluding PPP loans | $ | 4,533,523 | $ | 4,638,331 | ||
| PPP loans | $ | 6,392 | $ | 66,971 | ||
| Total loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost, net (1) | $ | 4,539,915 | $ | 4,705,302 | ||
| Loans held for investment at fair value | $ | 262,190 | $ | 925,938 | ||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 4,802,105 | $ | 5,631,240 | ||
| Total assets | $ | 8,827,463 | $ | 7,979,747 | ||
| Total deposits | $ | 7,333,486 | $ | 6,392,553 | ||
| Total liabilities | $ | 7,575,641 | $ | 6,815,453 | ||
| Total equity | $ | 1,251,822 | $ | 1,164,294 | ||
| Allowance Ratios (1): | ||||||
| ALLL to total loans and leases held for investment | 6.4 | % | 6.5 | % | ||
| ALLL to consumer loans and leases held for investment | 7.2 | % | 7.3 | % | ||
| ALLL to commercial loans and leases held for investment | 1.8 | % | 2.0 | % | ||
| Net charge-offs | $ | 261,035 | $ | 83,216 | ||
| Net charge-off ratio (2) | 5.0 | % | 2.1 | % |
(1) Excludes loans held for investment at fair value, which primarily consists of a loan portfolio that was acquired at the end of 2022.
(2) Calculated as net charge-offs divided by average outstanding loans and leases HFI at amortized cost during the period, excluding PPP loans.
Results of Operations
This section of this Form 10-K generally discusses 2023 and 2022 items and year-over-year comparisons between 2023 and 2022. For discussion related to 2021 items and year-over-year comparisons between 2022 and 2021, see “Part II – Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
56
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The following table sets forth the Income Statement data for each of the periods presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income: | ||||||||||
| Marketplace revenue | $ | 291,484 | $ | 683,626 | $ | 578,580 | ||||
| Other non-interest income | 11,297 | 28,765 | 27,219 | |||||||
| Total non-interest income | 302,781 | 712,391 | 605,799 | |||||||
| Interest income: | ||||||||||
| Interest on loans held for sale | 35,655 | 26,183 | 29,540 | |||||||
| Interest and fees on loans and leases held for investment | 616,735 | 465,450 | 188,977 | |||||||
| Interest on loans held for investment at fair value | 69,866 | 12,877 | 4,436 | |||||||
| Interest on retail and certificate loans held for investment at fair value | 4,222 | 18,135 | 57,684 | |||||||
| Interest on securities available for sale | 40,235 | 16,116 | 11,025 | |||||||
| Other interest income | 65,917 | 18,579 | 1,170 | |||||||
| Total interest income | 832,630 | 557,340 | 292,832 | |||||||
| Interest expense: | ||||||||||
| Interest on deposits | 265,556 | 60,451 | 7,228 | |||||||
| Interest on retail notes and certificates | 4,222 | 18,135 | 57,684 | |||||||
| Other interest expense | 1,014 | 3,929 | 15,089 | |||||||
| Total interest expense | 270,792 | 82,515 | 80,001 | |||||||
| Net interest income | 561,838 | 474,825 | 212,831 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 864,619 | 1,187,216 | 818,630 | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 243,565 | 267,326 | 138,800 | |||||||
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | 261,948 | 339,397 | 288,390 | |||||||
| Marketing | 93,840 | 197,747 | 156,142 | |||||||
| Equipment and software | 53,485 | 49,198 | 39,490 | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 47,195 | 43,831 | 44,285 | |||||||
| Professional services | 35,173 | 50,516 | 47,572 | |||||||
| Occupancy | 17,532 | 21,977 | 24,249 | |||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 57,264 | 64,187 | 61,258 | |||||||
| Total non-interest expense | 566,437 | 766,853 | 661,386 | |||||||
| Income before income tax benefit (expense) | 54,617 | 153,037 | 18,444 | |||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | (15,678) | 136,648 | 136 | |||||||
| Net income | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 |
57
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Marketplace Revenue
Marketplace revenue consists of the following:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origination fees | $ | 279,146 | $ | 499,179 | $ | (220,033) | (44) | % | ||||||||
| Servicing fees | 98,613 | 80,609 | 18,004 | 22 | % | |||||||||||
| Gain on sales of loans | 47,839 | 95,335 | (47,496) | (50) | % | |||||||||||
| Net fair value adjustments | (134,114) | 8,503 | (142,617) | N/M | ||||||||||||
| Total marketplace revenue | $ | 291,484 | $ | 683,626 | $ | (392,142) | (57) | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origination fees | $ | 499,179 | $ | 416,839 | $ | 82,340 | 20 | % | ||||||||
| Servicing fees | 80,609 | 87,639 | (7,030) | (8) | % | |||||||||||
| Gain on sales of loans | 95,335 | 70,116 | 25,219 | 36 | % | |||||||||||
| Net fair value adjustments | 8,503 | 3,986 | 4,517 | 113 | % | |||||||||||
| Total marketplace revenue | $ | 683,626 | $ | 578,580 | $ | 105,046 | 18 | % |
We elected to account for HFS loans under the fair value option. With the election of the fair value option, origination fees, net fair value adjustments prior to sale of the loans, and servicing asset gains on the sales of the loans, are reported as separate components of “Marketplace revenue.”
Origination Fees
Origination fees recorded as a component of marketplace revenue are primarily fees earned related to originating and issuing unsecured personal loans that are held for sale.
The following table presents loan origination volume during each of the periods set forth below:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2023 vs. 2022Change (%) | 2022vs. 2021Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marketplace loans | $ | 5,252,668 | $ | 9,389,445 | $ | 8,099,109 | (44) | % | 16 | % | |||||||
| Loan originations held for investment | 2,184,095 | 3,731,057 | 2,282,206 | (41) | % | 63 | % | ||||||||||
| Total loan originations (1) | $ | 7,436,763 | $ | 13,120,502 | $ | 10,381,315 | (43) | % | 26 | % |
(1) Includes unsecured personal loans and auto loans only.
Origination fees were $279.1 million and $499.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, a decrease of 44%. The decrease was due to lower origination volume of marketplace loans. Loan origination volume of marketplace loans decreased to $5.3 billion for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to $9.4 billion for the same period in 2022, a decrease of 44%, resulting from lower investor demand due to the rising interest rate environment.
Servicing Fees
We receive servicing fees to compensate us for servicing loans on behalf of investors, including managing payments from borrowers, collections and payments to those investors. Servicing fee revenue related to loans sold also includes the change in fair value of servicing assets associated with the loans.
58
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The table below illustrates AUM serviced on our platform by the method in which the loans were financed as of the periods presented. Loans sold and subsequently serviced on behalf of the investor represent a key driver of our servicing fee revenue.
| As of December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUM (in millions): | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans sold | $ | 9,336 | $ | 10,819 | $ | (1,483) | (14) | % | ||||||||
| Loans held by LendingClub Bank | 4,767 | 5,263 | (496) | (9) | % | |||||||||||
| Retail notes and certificates | 11 | 59 | (48) | (81) | % | |||||||||||
| Other loans invested in by the Company | 8 | 16 | (8) | (50) | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 14,122 | $ | 16,157 | $ | (2,035) | (13) | % |
| As of December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUM (in millions): | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans sold | $ | 10,819 | $ | 10,124 | $ | 695 | 7 | % | ||||||||
| Loans held by LendingClub Bank | 5,263 | 2,026 | 3,237 | 160 | % | |||||||||||
| Retail notes and certificates | 59 | 238 | (179) | (75) | % | |||||||||||
| Other loans invested in by the Company | 16 | 75 | (59) | (79) | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 16,157 | $ | 12,463 | $ | 3,694 | 30 | % |
In addition to the loans serviced on our marketplace platform, we serviced $133.2 million, $167.0 million and $214.0 million in outstanding principal balance of commercial loans sold as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Servicing fees were $98.6 million and $80.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, an increase of 22%. This was primarily due to a one-time benefit related to recouping volume-based purchase incentives and an increase in the fair value of the servicing asset based on higher expected servicing fee revenue, partially offset by a decrease in loan balances serviced for others.
Gain on Sales of Loans
In connection with loan sales, we recognize a gain or loss on the sale of loans based on the level to which the contractual servicing fee is above or below an estimated market rate of servicing at the time of sale. Additionally, we recognize transaction costs, if any, as a loss on sale of loans.
Gain on sales of loans was $47.8 million and $95.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, a decrease of 50%. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in the volume of marketplace loans sold.
Net Fair Value Adjustments
We record fair value adjustments on loans that are recorded at fair value, including gains or losses from sale prices in excess of or less than the loan principal amount sold.
Net fair value adjustments were $(134.1) million and $8.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, an increased loss of $142.6 million. The change to a loss from a gain was primarily due to lower loan sale prices.
59
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Other Non-interest Income
Other non-interest income primarily consists of referral revenue that relates to fees earned from third-party companies when customers referred by us consider or purchase products or services from such third-party companies. The tables below illustrate the composition of other non-interest income for each period presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Referral revenue | $ | 4,574 | $ | 12,942 | $ | (8,368) | (65) | % | ||||||||
| Other | 6,723 | 15,823 | (9,100) | (58) | % | |||||||||||
| Other non-interest income | $ | 11,297 | $ | 28,765 | $ | (17,468) | (61) | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Referral revenue | $ | 12,942 | $ | 14,234 | $ | (1,292) | (9) | % | ||||||
| Realized losses on sales of securities available for sale and other investments | — | (93) | 93 | N/M | ||||||||||
| Other | 15,823 | 13,078 | 2,745 | 21 | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest income | $ | 28,765 | $ | 27,219 | $ | 1,546 | 6 | % |
60
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Net Interest Income
The table below presents net interest income information corresponding to interest-earning assets and interest-bearing funding sources. The average yield/rate is calculated by dividing the period-end interest income/expense by the average balance.
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and other | $ | 1,293,047 | $ | 65,917 | 5.10 | % | $ | 987,833 | $ | 18,579 | 1.88 | % | $ | 754,920 | $ | 1,170 | 0.16 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Securities available for sale at fair value | 652,047 | 40,235 | 6.17 | % | 370,277 | 16,116 | 4.35 | % | 288,545 | 11,025 | 3.82 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale at fair value | 252,519 | 35,655 | 14.12 | % | 162,760 | 26,183 | 16.09 | % | 218,349 | 29,540 | 13.53 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured personal loans (2) | 4,143,482 | 549,256 | 13.26 | % | 2,967,410 | 410,222 | 13.82 | % | 863,266 | 122,807 | 15.52 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured consumer loans | 402,668 | 16,963 | 4.21 | % | 301,023 | 11,093 | 3.69 | % | 485,195 | 17,105 | 3.85 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial loans and leases | 722,419 | 48,307 | 6.69 | % | 669,907 | 36,167 | 5.40 | % | 617,483 | 30,731 | 5.43 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| PPP loans | 26,114 | 2,209 | 8.46 | % | 138,575 | 7,968 | 5.75 | % | 487,435 | 18,334 | 4.10 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 5,294,683 | 616,735 | 11.65 | % | 4,076,915 | 465,450 | 11.42 | % | 2,453,379 | 188,977 | 8.40 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for investment at fair value | 538,577 | 69,866 | 12.97 | % | 91,057 | 12,877 | 14.14 | % | 34,938 | 4,436 | 12.70 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | 5,833,260 | 686,601 | 11.77 | % | 4,167,972 | 478,327 | 11.48 | % | 2,488,317 | 193,413 | 7.77 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail and certificate loans held for investment at fair value | 28,927 | 4,222 | 14.60 | % | 128,047 | 18,135 | 14.16 | % | 406,406 | 57,684 | 14.19 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-earning assets | 8,059,800 | 832,630 | 10.33 | % | 5,816,889 | 557,340 | 9.58 | % | 4,156,537 | 292,832 | 7.46 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks and restricted cash | 70,653 | 72,764 | 112,012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | (345,434) | (234,532) | (77,223) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-interest earning assets | 676,335 | 547,388 | 426,323 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 8,461,354 | $ | 6,202,509 | $ | 4,617,649 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Checking and money market accounts | 1,344,431 | 34,462 | 2.56 | % | $ | 2,205,691 | $ | 16,464 | 0.75 | % | $ | 2,071,640 | $ | 5,954 | 0.31 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Savings accounts and certificates of deposit | 5,345,734 | 231,094 | 4.32 | % | 2,123,037 | 43,987 | 2.07 | % | 383,447 | 1,274 | 0.36 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits (2) | 6,690,165 | 265,556 | 3.97 | % | 4,328,728 | 60,451 | 1.40 | % | 2,455,087 | 7,228 | 0.32 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail notes and certificates | 28,927 | 4,222 | 14.60 | % | 128,047 | 18,135 | 14.16 | % | 407,471 | 57,684 | 14.16 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other interest-bearing liabilities | 40,193 | 1,014 | 2.52 | % | 188,146 | 3,929 | 2.09 | % | 560,942 | 15,089 | 2.69 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | 6,759,285 | 270,792 | 4.01 | % | 4,644,921 | 82,515 | 1.78 | % | 3,423,500 | 80,001 | 2.36 | % |
61
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest bearing deposits | 236,618 | 264,099 | 126,982 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | 261,401 | 274,209 | 289,163 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 7,257,304 | $ | 5,183,229 | $ | 3,839,645 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total equity | $ | 1,204,050 | $ | 1,019,280 | $ | 778,004 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 8,461,354 | $ | 6,202,509 | $ | 4,617,649 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate spread | 6.32 | % | 7.80 | % | 5.10 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income and net interest margin | $ | 561,838 | 6.97 | % | $ | 474,825 | 8.16 | % | $ | 212,831 | 5.56 | % |
(1) Nonaccrual loans and any related income are included in their respective loan categories.
(2) The average yield/rate for unsecured consumer loans decreased in 2023 compared to 2022 due to a shift in the mix toward higher credit quality loans, which generally have lower interest rates. The average yield/rate for interest-bearing deposits increased due to a higher federal funds rate and an increasing concentration of online deposits. We expect pressure on net interest margin to continue during 2024.
An analysis of the year-over-year changes in the categories of interest income and interest expense resulting from changes in volume and rate is as follows:
| 2023 Compared to 2022 | 2022 Compared to 2021 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in: | Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in: | |||||||||||||||||
| Average Volume (1) | Average Rate (1) | Total | Average Volume (1) | Average Rate (1) | Total | |||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and other | $ | 7,243 | $ | 40,095 | $ | 47,338 | $ | 470 | $ | 16,939 | $ | 17,409 | ||||||
| Securities available for sale at fair value | 15,571 | 8,548 | 24,119 | 3,414 | 1,677 | 5,091 | ||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale at fair value | 12,994 | (3,522) | 9,472 | (8,336) | 4,979 | (3,357) | ||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 155,258 | (3,973) | 151,285 | 286,205 | (9,732) | 276,473 | ||||||||||||
| Loans held for investment at fair value | 58,140 | (1,151) | 56,989 | 7,883 | 558 | 8,441 | ||||||||||||
| Retail and certificate loans held for investment at fair value | (14,452) | 539 | (13,913) | (39,422) | (127) | (39,549) | ||||||||||||
| Total increase in interest income on interest-earning assets | $ | 234,754 | $ | 40,536 | $ | 275,290 | $ | 250,214 | $ | 14,294 | $ | 264,508 | ||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||
| Checking and money market accounts | $ | (8,592) | $ | 26,590 | $ | 17,998 | $ | 472 | $ | 10,038 | $ | 10,510 | ||||||
| Savings accounts and certificates of deposit | 109,053 | 78,054 | 187,107 | 20,965 | 21,748 | 42,713 | ||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits | 100,461 | 104,644 | 205,105 | 21,437 | 31,786 | 53,223 | ||||||||||||
| Retail notes and certificates | (14,452) | 539 | (13,913) | (39,573) | 24 | (39,549) | ||||||||||||
| Other interest-bearing liabilities | (3,598) | 683 | (2,915) | (11,798) | 638 | (11,160) | ||||||||||||
| Total increase (decrease) in interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities | $ | 82,411 | $ | 105,866 | $ | 188,277 | $ | (29,934) | $ | 32,448 | $ | 2,514 | ||||||
| Increase (decrease) in net interest income | $ | 152,343 | $ | (65,330) | $ | 87,013 | $ | 280,148 | $ | (18,154) | $ | 261,994 |
(1) Volume and rate changes have been allocated on a consistent basis using the respective percentage changes in average balances and average rates.
62
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Provision for Credit Losses
The allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL) for lifetime expected losses under CECL on HFI loans and leases at amortized cost is initially recognized as “Provision for credit losses” at the time of origination. The ALLL is estimated using a discounted cash flow (DCF) approach, where effective interest rates are used to calculate the net present value (NPV) of expected cash flows. The effective interest rates are calculated based on the periodic interest income received from the loan’s contractual cash flows and the net investment in the loan, which includes deferred origination fees and costs, to provide a constant rate of return over the loan term. The NPV from the DCF approach is then compared to the amortized cost basis of the loans and leases to derive expected credit losses. Under the DCF approach, the provision for credit losses in subsequent periods includes a credit loss expense relating to the discounting effect due to the passage of time after the initial recognition of ALLL on originated HFI loans at amortized cost.
The provision for credit losses includes the credit loss expense for HFI loans and leases at amortized cost, available for sale (AFS) securities and unfunded lending commitments. The table below illustrates the composition of the provision for credit losses for each period presented, as well as the loan originations held for investment in each period, which is a key driver for credit loss expense:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit loss expense for Radius loans at acquisition | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 6,929 | ||||
| Credit loss expense for loans and leases held for investment | 243,570 | 266,679 | 134,022 | |||||||
| Credit loss expense for unfunded lending commitments | (5) | 647 | 1,231 | |||||||
| Total credit loss expense | 243,565 | 267,326 | 142,182 | |||||||
| Reversal of impairment on securities available for sale | — | — | (3,382) | |||||||
| Total provision for credit losses | $ | 243,565 | $ | 267,326 | $ | 138,800 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment | $ | 2,184,095 | $ | 3,731,057 | $ | 2,282,206 |
The provision for credit losses was $243.6 million and $267.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, a decrease of 9%. The decrease was primarily due to the lower volume of originated loans retained as HFI at amortized cost and the related initial provision for credit losses, partially offset by an increase in quantitative and qualitative allowance due to an increase in expected losses and a less favorable economic outlook.
63
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The activity in the allowance for credit losses (ACL) was as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period | $ | 327,852 | $ | 144,389 | $ | — | ||||
| Credit loss expense for loans and leases held for investment | 243,570 | 266,679 | 140,951 | |||||||
| Initial allowance for purchased credit deteriorated (PCD) loans acquired during the period | — | — | 12,440 | |||||||
| Charge-offs | (281,107) | (87,473) | (10,452) | |||||||
| Recoveries | 20,072 | 4,257 | 1,450 | |||||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period (1) | $ | 310,387 | $ | 327,852 | $ | 144,389 | ||||
| Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period | $ | 1,878 | $ | 1,231 | $ | — | ||||
| Credit loss expense for unfunded lending commitments | (5) | 647 | 1,231 | |||||||
| Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, end of period (2) | $ | 1,873 | $ | 1,878 | $ | 1,231 |
(1) Comprised of $355.8 million, $340.4 million and $145.2 million in allowance for future estimated net charge-offs on existing portfolio balances, net of a negative allowance of $45.4 million, $12.5 million and $0.8 million for expected recoveries of amounts previously charged-off as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(2) Relates to $78.1 million, $138.0 million and $110.8 million of unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ratio of allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 6.4 | % | 6.5 | % | 5.0 | % | ||||
| Average loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost, excluding PPP loans | $ | 5,268,569 | $ | 3,938,340 | $ | 1,965,944 | ||||
| Net charge-off ratio (1) | 5.0 | % | 2.1 | % | 0.5 | % |
(1) Calculated as net charge-offs divided by average outstanding loans and leases held for investment during the period, excluding PPP loans.
Loans and leases are generally placed on nonaccrual status when contractually past due 90 days or more, or earlier if management believes that the probability of collection does not warrant further accrual. Unsecured personal loans are charged-off no later than 120 days past due. The following table presents nonaccrual loans and leases (1):
| December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total nonaccrual loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | $ | 44,382 | $ | 34,827 | ||
| Ratio of total nonaccrual loans and leases held for investment to total loans and leases held for investment | 0.9 | % | 0.7 | % |
(1) Excluding PPP loans, there were no loans that were 90 days or more past due and accruing as of both December 31, 2023 and 2022.
For additional information on the ACL and nonaccrual loans and leases, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” and “Note 6. Loans and Leases Held for Investment at Amortized Cost, Net of Allowance For Loan and Lease Losses.”
64
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Non-interest Expense
Non-interest expense primarily consists of (i) compensation and benefits, which include salaries and wages, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, (ii) marketing, which includes costs attributable to borrower and deposit customer acquisition efforts and building general brand awareness, (iii) equipment and software, (iv) depreciation and amortization, (v) professional services, which primarily consist of consulting fees and (vi) occupancy, which includes rent expense and all other costs related to occupying our office spaces.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 261,948 | $ | 339,397 | $ | (77,449) | (23) | % | ||||||
| Marketing | 93,840 | 197,747 | (103,907) | (53) | % | |||||||||
| Equipment and software | 53,485 | 49,198 | 4,287 | 9 | % | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 47,195 | 43,831 | 3,364 | 8 | % | |||||||||
| Professional services | 35,173 | 50,516 | (15,343) | (30) | % | |||||||||
| Occupancy | 17,532 | 21,977 | (4,445) | (20) | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 57,264 | 64,187 | (6,923) | (11) | % | |||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 566,437 | $ | 766,853 | $ | (200,416) | (26) | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 339,397 | $ | 288,390 | $ | 51,007 | 18 | % | ||||||
| Marketing | 197,747 | 156,142 | 41,605 | 27 | % | |||||||||
| Equipment and software | 49,198 | 39,490 | 9,708 | 25 | % | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 43,831 | 44,285 | (454) | (1) | % | |||||||||
| Professional services | 50,516 | 47,572 | 2,944 | 6 | % | |||||||||
| Occupancy | 21,977 | 24,249 | (2,272) | (9) | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 64,187 | 61,258 | 2,929 | 5 | % | |||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 766,853 | $ | 661,386 | $ | 105,467 | 16 | % |
Compensation and benefits expense decreased $77.4 million, or 23%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in headcount as a result of the workforce reduction plans we implemented in January and October of 2023.
Marketing expense decreased $103.9 million, or 53%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in variable marketing expenses based on lower origination volume.
Equipment and software expense increased $4.3 million, or 9%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in subscription costs and hosting fees, partially offset by a decrease in support and maintenance expense.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $3.4 million, or 8%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the amortization of internally-developed software and purchased software.
Professional services expense decreased $15.3 million, or 30%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in consulting fees.
65
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Occupancy expense decreased $4.4 million, or 20%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in rent expense.
Other non-interest expense decreased $6.9 million, or 11%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in consumer credit services.
Income Taxes
For the year ended December 31, 2023, we recorded an income tax expense of $15.7 million. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate due to the impact of state taxes, the favorable impact of recurring items such as tax credits, the unfavorable impact of the non-deductible portions of executive compensation and stock-based compensation, and the change in unrecognized tax benefits. For the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded an income tax benefit of $136.6 million primarily due to the release of a $175.6 million valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, of which $143.5 million was primarily based on our reassessment of the future realizability of our deferred tax assets. For the year ended December 31, 2021, we recorded an income tax benefit of $136 thousand primarily related to a tax benefit associated with the Acquisition, partially offset by income tax expense for state jurisdictions that limit net operating loss carryforward utilization.
In 2022, we evaluated both positive and negative evidence when assessing the recoverability of our net deferred tax assets. Several factors were considered, which primarily included our business model transition and the resulting increase in profitability and the expectation of continued profitability. These factors resulted in the release of the majority of our valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets in 2022.
As of December 31, 2023, we maintained a valuation allowance of $46.1 million related to certain state net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs) and state tax credit carryforwards. The realization and timing of any remaining state NOLs and state tax credit carryforwards is uncertain and may expire before being utilized, based primarily on the allocation of taxable income constraints to the Parent and not related to the earnings of the Company. Changes to deferred tax asset valuation allowances and liabilities related to uncertain tax positions are recorded as current period income tax expense or benefit.
Income taxes are recorded on a separate entity basis whereby each operating segment determines income tax expense or benefit as if it filed a separate tax return. Differences between separate entity and consolidated tax returns are eliminated upon consolidation.
Segment Information
The Company defines operating segments to be components of the Company for which discrete financial information is evaluated regularly by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer to allocate resources and evaluate financial performance. This information is reviewed according to the legal organizational structure of the Company’s operations with products and services presented separately for the parent bank holding company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, LC Bank.
LendingClub Bank
The LC Bank operating segment represents the national bank legal entity and reflects post-Acquisition operating activities. This segment provides a full complement of financial products and solutions, including loans, leases and deposits. It originates loans to individuals and businesses, retains loans for investment, sells loans to investors and manages relationships with deposit holders.
66
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
LendingClub Corporation (Parent Only)
The LendingClub Corporation (Parent only) operating segment represents the holding company legal entity and predominately reflects the operations of the Company prior to the Acquisition. This activity includes, but is not limited to, servicing fee revenue for loans serviced prior to the Acquisition, and interest income and interest expense related to the Retail Program and Structured Program transactions entered into prior to the Acquisition.
Financial information for the segments is presented in the following table:
| LendingClub Bank | LendingClub Corporation (Parent only) | Intercompany Eliminations | Consolidated Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year Ended December 31, | Eleven Months Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | Eleven Months Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 (1) | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 (1) | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketplace revenue | $ | 206,381 | $ | 610,536 | $ | 462,821 | $ | 41,817 | $ | 48,231 | $ | 115,759 | $ | 43,286 | $ | 24,859 | $ | — | $ | 291,484 | $ | 683,626 | $ | 578,580 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-interest income | 74,684 | 85,208 | 94,953 | 9,503 | 15,628 | 16,718 | (72,890) | (72,071) | (84,452) | 11,297 | 28,765 | 27,219 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest income | 281,065 | 695,744 | 557,774 | 51,320 | 63,859 | 132,477 | (29,604) | (47,212) | (84,452) | 302,781 | 712,391 | 605,799 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 818,206 | 526,471 | 210,739 | 14,424 | 30,869 | 82,093 | — | — | — | 832,630 | 557,340 | 292,832 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (266,218) | (60,954) | (8,412) | (4,574) | (21,561) | (71,589) | — | — | — | (270,792) | (82,515) | (80,001) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | 551,988 | 465,517 | 202,327 | 9,850 | 9,308 | 10,504 | — | — | — | 561,838 | 474,825 | 212,831 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue | 833,053 | 1,161,261 | 760,101 | 61,170 | 73,167 | 142,981 | (29,604) | (47,212) | (84,452) | 864,619 | 1,187,216 | 818,630 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Provision for) reversal of credit losses | (243,565) | (267,326) | (142,182) | — | — | 3,382 | — | — | — | (243,565) | (267,326) | (138,800) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest expense | (537,026) | (724,304) | (547,799) | (59,015) | (89,761) | (198,039) | 29,604 | 47,212 | 84,452 | (566,437) | (766,853) | (661,386) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (Loss) before income tax benefit (expense) | 52,462 | 169,631 | 70,120 | 2,155 | (16,594) | (51,676) | — | — | — | 54,617 | 153,037 | 18,444 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | (17,881) | (42,354) | 9,171 | 2,203 | 125,954 | 44,013 | — | 53,048 | (53,048) | (15,678) | 136,648 | 136 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 34,581 | $ | 127,277 | $ | 79,291 | $ | 4,358 | $ | 109,360 | $ | (7,663) | $ | — | $ | 53,048 | $ | (53,048) | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | $ | 59,509 | $ | 69,481 | $ | 32,602 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,811 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 59,509 | $ | 69,481 | $ | 34,413 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | $ | 30,216 | $ | 16,489 | $ | 4,569 | $ | 16,979 | $ | 27,342 | $ | 39,716 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 47,195 | $ | 43,831 | $ | 44,285 |
(1) Because the LendingClub Bank reportable segment was formed upon the Acquisition on February 1, 2021, the associated results are presented for the eleven month period ended December 31, 2021.
An analysis of the Company’s results of operations and material trends for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 is provided on a consolidated basis in “Results of Operations.”
67
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we use the following non-GAAP financial measures: Pre-Provision Net Revenue (PPNR), Net Income Excluding Income Tax Benefit, Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit, and Tangible Book Value (TBV) Per Common Share. Our non-GAAP financial measures do have limitations as analytical tools and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for an analysis of our results under GAAP.
We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide management and investors with useful supplemental information about the financial performance of our business, enable comparison of financial results between periods where certain items may vary independent of business performance, and enable comparison of our financial results with other public companies.
We believe PPNR, Net Income Excluding Income Tax Benefit and Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit are important measures because they reflect the underlying financial performance of our business operations. PPNR is a non-GAAP financial measure calculated by subtracting the provision for credit losses and income tax benefit/expense from net income. Net Income Excluding Income Tax Benefit adjusts for the release of a deferred tax asset valuation allowance in 2022. Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit is a non-GAAP financial measure calculated by dividing Net Income Excluding Income Tax Benefit by the weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding.
We believe TBV Per Common Share is an important measure used to evaluate the Company’s use of equity. TBV Per Common Share is a non-GAAP financial measure representing the book value of common equity reduced by goodwill and intangible assets, divided by ending number of common shares issued and outstanding.
The following tables provide a reconciliation of Pre-Provision Net Revenue to the nearest GAAP measure:
| For the year ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP Net income | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 | ||||
| Less: Provision for credit losses | (243,565) | (267,326) | (138,800) | |||||||
| Less: Income tax benefit (expense) | (15,678) | 136,648 | 136 | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue | $ | 298,182 | $ | 420,363 | $ | 157,244 |
| For the year ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income | $ | 302,781 | $ | 712,391 | $ | 605,799 | ||||
| Net interest income | 561,838 | 474,825 | 212,831 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 864,619 | 1,187,216 | 818,630 | |||||||
| Non-interest expense | (566,437) | (766,853) | (661,386) | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue | 298,182 | 420,363 | 157,244 | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | (243,565) | (267,326) | (138,800) | |||||||
| Income before income tax benefit (expense) | 54,617 | 153,037 | 18,444 | |||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | (15,678) | 136,648 | 136 | |||||||
| GAAP Net income | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 |
68
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The following table provides a reconciliation of Net Income Excluding Income Tax Benefit and Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit to the nearest GAAP measures:
| As of and For The Year Ended December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP Net income | $ | 38,939 | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 | ||||
| Income tax benefit from release of tax valuation allowance | — | 143,495 | — | |||||||
| Net income excluding income tax benefit | $ | 38,939 | $ | 146,190 | $ | 18,580 | ||||
| GAAP Diluted EPS – common stockholders | $ | 0.36 | $ | 2.79 | $ | 0.18 | ||||
| (A) | Income tax benefit from release of tax valuation allowance | N/A | $ | 143,495 | N/A | |||||
| (B) | Weighted-average common shares – Diluted | N/A | 104,001,288 | N/A | ||||||
| (A/B) | Diluted EPS impact of income tax benefit | N/A | $ | 1.38 | N/A | |||||
| Diluted EPS excluding income tax benefit | $ | 0.36 | $ | 1.41 | $ | 0.18 |
N/A – Not applicable
The following table provides a reconciliation of TBV Per Common Share to the nearest GAAP measure:
| As of December 31, | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP common equity | $ | 1,251,822 | $ | 1,164,294 | $ | 850,242 | ||||
| Less: Goodwill | (75,717) | (75,717) | (75,717) | |||||||
| Less: Intangible assets | (12,135) | (16,334) | (21,181) | |||||||
| Tangible common equity | $ | 1,163,970 | $ | 1,072,243 | $ | 753,344 | ||||
| Book value per common share | ||||||||||
| GAAP common equity | $ | 1,251,822 | $ | 1,164,294 | $ | 850,242 | ||||
| Common shares issued and outstanding | 110,410,602 | 106,546,995 | 101,043,924 | |||||||
| Book value per common share | $ | 11.34 | $ | 10.93 | $ | 8.41 | ||||
| Tangible book value per common share | ||||||||||
| Tangible common equity | $ | 1,163,970 | $ | 1,072,243 | $ | 753,344 | ||||
| Common shares issued and outstanding | 110,410,602 | 106,546,995 | 101,043,924 | |||||||
| Tangible book value per common share | $ | 10.54 | $ | 10.06 | $ | 7.46 |
Supervision and Regulatory Environment
We are subject to periodic exams, investigations, inquiries or requests, enforcement actions and other proceedings from federal and state regulatory and/or law enforcement agencies, including the federal banking regulators that directly regulate the Company and/or LC Bank. Further, we are subject to claims, individual and class action lawsuits, and lawsuits alleging regulatory violations. The number and/or significance of these exams, investigations, inquiries, requests, proceedings, claims and lawsuits have been increasing since the Acquisition in part because our products and services increased in scope and in part because we became a bank holding company operating a national bank. Although historically the Company has generally resolved these matters in a manner that was not materially adverse to its financial results or business operations, no assurance can be given as to the timing, outcome or consequences of any of these matters in the future.
Since the Acquisition, we are subject to supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by multiple federal banking regulatory bodies. Specifically, as a bank holding company, the Company is subject to ongoing and comprehensive supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB). Further, as a national bank, LC Bank is subject to ongoing and comprehensive supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by the OCC. Accordingly, we have been and continue to invest in
69
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
regulatory compliance and be subject to certain parameters, obligations and/or limitations set forth by the banking regulations and regulators with respect to the operation of our business.
If we are found to not have complied with applicable laws, regulations or requirements, we could: (i) lose one or more of our licenses or authorizations, or be required to obtain a new license or authorization, (ii) become subject to a consent order or administrative enforcement action, (iii) face lawsuits (including class action lawsuits), sanctions, penalties, or other monetary losses due to judgments, orders, or settlements, (iv) be in breach of certain contracts, which may void or cancel such contracts, (v) decide or be compelled to modify or suspend certain of our business practices and/or (vi) be unable to execute on certain Company initiatives, which may have an adverse effect on our ability to operate and/or evolve our lending marketplace and other products and/or services; any of which may harm our business or financial results.
See “Part I – Item 1. Business – Regulation and Supervision,” “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Regulation, Supervision and Compliance,” and “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Operating Our Business” of this Annual Report for further discussion regarding our supervision and regulatory environment.
Capital Management
The prudent management of capital is fundamental to the successful achievement of our business initiatives. We actively review capital through a process that continuously assesses and monitors the Company’s overall capital adequacy. Our objective is to maintain capital at an amount commensurate with our risk profile and risk tolerance objectives, and to meet both regulatory and market expectations.
The formation of LC Bank as a nationally chartered association and the organization of the Company as a bank holding company subjects us to various capital adequacy guidelines issued by the OCC and the FRB, including the requirement to maintain regulatory capital ratios in accordance with the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision standardized approach for U.S. banking organizations (Basel III). As a Basel III standardized approach institution, we selected the one-time election to opt-out of the requirements to include all the components of accumulated other comprehensive income included in common stockholder’s equity. The minimum capital requirements under the Basel III capital framework are: a Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) risk-based capital ratio of 4.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%. Additionally, a Capital Conservation Buffer (CCB) of 2.5% must be maintained above the minimum risk-based capital requirements in order to avoid certain limitations on capital distributions, stock repurchases, and certain discretionary bonus payments. In addition to these guidelines, the banking regulators may require a banking organization to maintain capital at levels higher than the minimum ratios prescribed under the Basel III capital framework. In this regard, and unless otherwise directed by the FRB and the OCC, the Company and LC Bank made commitments (until February 2024) to maintain a CET1 risk-based capital ratio of 11.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio above 11.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio above 13.0%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 11.0%. On February 2, 2024, the Operating Agreement with the OCC expired and LC Bank and the Company are no longer subject to these ratio commitments. See “Part I – Item 1. Business – Regulation and Supervision – Capital and Liquidity Requirements and Prompt Corrective Action” of this Annual Report for additional information regarding regulatory capital requirements.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The following table summarizes the Company’s and LC Bank’s regulatory capital amounts (in millions) and ratios:
| December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | Required Minimum plus Required CCB for Non-Leverage Ratios | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | |||||||||||||
| LendingClub Corporation: | ||||||||||||||||
| CET1 capital (1) | $ | 1,090.2 | 17.9 | % | $ | 1,005.8 | 15.8 | % | 7.0 | % | ||||||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 1,090.2 | 17.9 | % | $ | 1,005.8 | 15.8 | % | 8.5 | % | ||||||
| Total capital | $ | 1,169.2 | 19.2 | % | $ | 1,088.1 | 17.1 | % | 10.5 | % | ||||||
| Tier 1 leverage | $ | 1,090.2 | 12.9 | % | $ | 1,005.8 | 14.1 | % | 4.0 | % | ||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 6,104.5 | N/A | $ | 6,360.7 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Quarterly adjusted average assets | $ | 8,476.1 | N/A | $ | 7,119.0 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| LendingClub Bank: | ||||||||||||||||
| CET1 capital (1) | $ | 949.4 | 15.8 | % | $ | 852.2 | 13.8 | % | 7.0 | % | ||||||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 949.4 | 15.8 | % | $ | 852.2 | 13.8 | % | 8.5 | % | ||||||
| Total capital | $ | 1,027.4 | 17.1 | % | $ | 932.4 | 15.1 | % | 10.5 | % | ||||||
| Tier 1 leverage | $ | 949.4 | 11.4 | % | $ | 852.2 | 12.5 | % | 4.0 | % | ||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 6,022.2 | N/A | $ | 6,194.0 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Quarterly adjusted average assets | $ | 8,337.4 | N/A | $ | 6,795.2 | N/A | N/A |
N/A – Not applicable
(1) Consists of common stockholders’ equity as defined under U.S. GAAP and certain adjustments made in accordance with regulatory capital guidelines, including the addition of the CECL transitional benefit and deductions for goodwill and other intangible assets.
The higher risk-based capital ratios for the Company reflect generally lower risk-weights for assets held by LendingClub Corporation as compared with LC Bank.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the FRB, OCC, and FDIC adopted a final rule related to the regulatory capital treatment of the allowance for credit losses under CECL. As permitted by the rule, the Company elected to delay the estimated impact of CECL on regulatory capital resulting in a capital benefit of $35 million at December 31, 2021. This benefit is phased out over a three-year transition period that commenced on January 1, 2022 at a rate of 25% each year through January 1, 2025.
Liquidity
We manage liquidity to meet our cash flow and collateral obligations in a timely manner at a reasonable cost. We must maintain operating liquidity to meet our expected daily and forecasted cash flow requirements, as well as contingent liquidity to meet unexpected funding requirements.
As our primary business at LC Bank involves taking deposits and originating loans, a key role of liquidity management is to ensure that customers have timely access to funds from deposits and for loans. Liquidity management also involves maintaining sufficient liquidity to repay borrowings, pay operating expenses and support extraordinary funding requirements when necessary.
71
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
LendingClub Bank Liquidity
The following table summarizes LC Bank’s primary sources of short-term liquidity as of the periods presented:
| December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,230,206 | $ | 1,020,874 | ||
| Securities available for sale (1) | $ | 370,466 | $ | 329,287 | ||
| Deposits | $ | 7,426,445 | $ | 6,420,827 | ||
| Available borrowing capacity: | ||||||
| FHLB of Des Moines borrowing capacity (2) | $ | 661,337 | $ | 414,528 | ||
| FRB Discount Window borrowing capacity (3) | $ | 2,816,501 | $ | 191,021 | ||
| Total available borrowing capacity | $ | 3,477,838 | $ | 605,549 |
(1) Excludes illiquid securities available for sale.
(2) Includes both loans and securities available for sale pledged as collateral.
(3) LC Bank’s available borrowing capacity under the FRB Discount Window increased upon including its unsecured personal loan portfolio among the loans pledged as collateral beginning in the second quarter of 2023.
The primary uses of LC Bank liquidity include the funding/acquisition of loans and securities purchases; withdrawals, maturities and the payment of interest on deposits; compensation and benefits expense; taxes; capital expenditures, including internally developed software, leasehold improvements and computer equipment; and costs associated with the continued development and support of our online lending marketplace platform.
Net capital expenditures were $59.5 million, or 7% of total net revenue and $69.5 million, or 6% of total net revenue, for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Capital expenditures in 2024 are expected to be approximately $50 million, primarily related to costs associated with the continued development and support of our online lending marketplace platform, including regulatory compliance costs.
LendingClub Holding Company Liquidity
The primary source of liquidity at the holding company is $110.3 million and $56.5 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Additionally, the holding company has the ability to access the capital markets through additional registrations and public equity offerings.
Uses of cash at the holding company include the routine cash flow requirements as a bank holding company, such as interest and expenses (including those associated with our office leases), the needs of LC Bank for additional equity and, as required, its need for debt financing and support for extraordinary funding requirements when necessary.
Factors Impacting Liquidity
The Company’s liquidity could be adversely impacted by deteriorating financial and market conditions, the inability or unwillingness of a creditor to provide funding, an idiosyncratic event (e.g., a major loss, causing a perceived or actual deterioration in its financial condition), an adverse systemic event (e.g., default or bankruptcy of a significant capital markets participant), or others.
We believe, based on our projections, that our cash on hand, liquid AFS securities, available borrowing capacity, and net cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities are sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
the next twelve months, as well as beyond the next twelve months. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows” for additional detail regarding our cash flows.
Market Risk
Market risk represents the risk of potential losses arising from changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, commodity prices, and/or other relevant market rates or prices. The primary market risk to which we are exposed is interest rate risk. Interest rate risk arises from financial instruments including loans, securities and borrowings, all entered into for purposes other than trading.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
LendingClub Bank
Our net interest income is affected by changes in the level of interest rates, the impact of interest rate fluctuations on asset prepayments, and the level and composition of deposits and liabilities, among other factors.
Loans HFI at LC Bank are funded primarily through our deposit base. The majority of loans HFI are fixed-rate instruments over the term of the loans. As a result, the primary component of interest rate risk on our financial instruments at LC Bank arises from the impact of fluctuations in loan and deposit rates on our net interest income. Therefore, we use a sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of hypothetical changes in interest rates on our net interest income results. The outcome of the analysis is influenced by a variety of assumptions, including the maturity profile and prepayment level of our unsecured consumer loans and expected consumer responses to changes in rates paid on non-maturity deposit products. Our assumptions are periodically calibrated to observed data and/or expected outcomes. We actively monitor the level of exposure to movements in interest rates and have entered into interest rate swaps, which qualify for hedge accounting treatment, to manage such risk. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 9. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information.
The following table presents the change in projected net interest income for the next twelve months due to a hypothetical instantaneous parallel change in interest rates relative to current rates:
| December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Instantaneous Change in Interest Rates: | |||||
| + 200 basis points | (4.8) | % | (6.9) | % | |
| + 100 basis points | (2.2) | % | (3.3) | % | |
| - 100 basis points | 0.0 | % | 1.9 | % | |
| - 200 basis points | (0.4) | % | 3.5 | % |
As illustrated in the table above, net interest income is projected to decrease over the next twelve months during hypothetical rising interest rate environments primarily as a result of higher rates paid on interest-bearing deposits, partially offset by higher rates earned on new loans, investment purchases, and cash and cash equivalents as well as by the impact of our hedging activity. During hypothetical declining interest rate environments net interest income is projected to remain relatively flat. The decrease in sensitivity as of December 31, 2023 relative to the prior year is primarily due to the composition of our loans and deposits, and recent hedging activity. Furthermore, during fluctuating interest rate environments, the increased sensitivity of repricing interest-bearing deposits is more impactful than that of repricing fixed rate loans.
Although we believe that these measurements provide an estimate of our interest rate sensitivity, they do not account for potential changes in credit quality, balance sheet mix, size of our balance sheet, or other business
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
developments that could affect net income. Actual results could differ materially from the estimated outcomes of our simulations.
Maturities
The following table presents the maturities of loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost and at fair value as of December 31, 2023:
| Due in 1 Year or Less | Due After 1 Year Through 5 Years | Due After 5 Years Through 15 Years | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unsecured personal | $ | 221,032 | $ | 3,578,646 | $ | 189,342 | $ | 3,989,020 | ||||||
| Residential mortgages | 2,833 | 5,453 | 174,764 | 183,050 | ||||||||||
| Secured consumer | 455 | 172,231 | 77,353 | 250,039 | ||||||||||
| Total consumer loans held for investment | 224,320 | 3,756,330 | 441,459 | 4,422,109 | ||||||||||
| Equipment finance | 7,674 | 81,939 | 21,379 | 110,992 | ||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | 23,949 | 93,242 | 263,131 | 380,322 | ||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | 5,798 | 30,321 | 162,950 | 199,069 | ||||||||||
| Total commercial loans and leases held for investment | 37,421 | 205,502 | 447,460 | 690,383 | ||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 261,741 | $ | 3,961,832 | $ | 888,919 | $ | 5,112,492 | ||||||
| Loans and leases due after one year at fixed interest rates | $ | — | $ | 3,898,311 | $ | 442,870 | $ | 4,341,181 | ||||||
| Loans and leases due after one year at variable interest rates | $ | — | $ | 63,521 | $ | 446,049 | $ | 509,570 |
For the contractual maturities and weighted-average yields on the Company’s AFS securities portfolio, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 5. Securities Available for Sale.”
LendingClub Holding Company
At the holding company level, we continue to measure interest rate sensitivity by evaluating the change in fair value of certain assets and liabilities due to a hypothetical change in interest rates. Principal payments on our loans HFI continue to reduce the outstanding balance of this portfolio, and, as a result, the fair value impact from changes in interest rates continues to diminish.
Contingencies
For a comprehensive discussion of contingencies as of December 31, 2023, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 20. Commitments and Contingencies.”
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our significant accounting policies are described in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” We consider certain of these policies to be critical accounting policies as they require significant management judgments, assumptions and estimates which we believe are critical in understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These judgments, estimates and assumptions are inherently subjective and actual results may materially differ from these estimates and assumptions.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
Under the CECL model, we reserve for expected credit losses on our loan and lease portfolio when loans are initially recorded as HFI at amortized cost through the ALLL by using a DCF approach to calculate the NPV of expected cash flows. Loans accounted for under the fair value option do not have an ALLL. Changes in the credit risk profile of our loans and leases result in changes in “Provision for credit losses,” on the Income Statement with a resulting change, net of charge-offs and recoveries, in the ACL balance. The majority of our ALLL relates to unsecured personal loans.
The ALLL represents our estimate of expected lifetime credit losses over the contractual life of the loan portfolio. Our determination of the ALLL is based on regular and periodic evaluation of the loan portfolio considering a number of relevant underlying factors, including key assumptions and evaluation of quantitative and qualitative information from internal and external sources. Estimates of expected future loan losses are determined by using statistical models and management’s judgement. The models are designed to forecast probability and timing of default, loss rate exposure at default, recovery expectations, and timing and amount of estimated prepayments by correlating certain macroeconomic unemployment forecast data to historical experience. Our statistical models, applied at the portfolio level to pools of loans with similar risk characteristics, produce expected cash flows, which are then discounted at the effective interest rate to derive the NPV. The difference between the NPV and the amortized cost determines the ALLL. The effective interest rate is calculated based on the periodic interest income received from the loan’s contractual cash flows, which includes deferred origination fees and costs, to provide a constant rate of return over the contractual loan term. Under the DCF approach, the provision for credit losses includes credit loss expense in subsequent periods relating to the discounting effect due to the passage of time after the initial recognition of ALLL on originated HFI loans at amortized cost.
Our qualitative allowance is primarily based on macroeconomic unemployment forecast information provided by an external third-party economist, incorporating management’s judgement, and is included in the estimation of expected future expected credit losses. In addition, the qualitative allowance includes adjustments in circumstances where the statistical model output is inconsistent with management’s expectations relating to economic conditions and expected credit losses. Management may make adjustments as the assumptions in the underlying analyses change to reflect an estimate of expected lifetime loan losses and prepayments at the reporting date, based on the best information available at that time.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
FY 2022 10-K MD&A
SEC filing source: 0001409970-23-000012.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear in this Annual Report. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and in this Annual Report, particularly in “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors.”
Overview
LendingClub is America’s leading digital marketplace bank. The Company was founded in 2006 and brought a traditional credit product – the installment loan – into the digital age by leveraging technology, data science, and a unique marketplace model. In doing so, we became one of the largest providers of unsecured personal loans in the United States. In February 2021, LendingClub completed the acquisition of an award-winning digital bank, Radius, becoming a bank holding company and forming LC Bank as its wholly-owned subsidiary. We operate the vast majority of our business through LC Bank, as a lender and originator of loans and as a regulated bank in the United States.
Executive Summary
We delivered the following results demonstrating the benefits of our evolution into a marketplace bank in the face of a less favorable economic environment. Our recurring revenue growth offset the recent reduction in investor demand for marketplace loans in the second half of 2022, which was impacted adversely given the rapidly rising interest rate environment. We expect this reduction in investor demand to continue until interest rates stabilize. At the end of 2022, we acquired a $1.05 billion outstanding principal loan portfolio that is expected to generate additional net interest income in 2023. In addition, in January 2023 we implemented a cost reduction and reorganization plan, reducing our workforce by 225 employees, or 14%, to more closely align our operations to reduced marketplace revenue. We anticipate the workforce reductions will result in annualized run-rate savings in compensation and benefits of approximately $25 to $30 million in 2023.
•Loan originations: Loan originations increased $2.7 billion, or 26%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily driven by the growth in unsecured personal loan origination volume.
◦Loan originations held for investment (HFI) at amortized cost increased $1.4 billion, or 63%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year.
◦Loan originations HFI at amortized cost as a percentage of total loan originations was 28%, increasing from 22% in the prior year. The percentage of loan originations HFI in any period is dependent on many factors, including quarterly loan origination volume, risk-adjusted returns, liquidity and general regulatory capital considerations.
•Total net revenue: Total net revenue increased $368.6 million, or 45%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.
◦Marketplace revenue: Marketplace revenue increased $105.0 million, or 18%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was in line with loan origination volume growth, partially offset by the recent reduction in investor demand for marketplace loans, which was impacted adversely given the rapidly rising interest rate environment, as well as tighter underwriting standards implemented by the Company in the second half of 2022.
◦Net interest income: Net interest income increased $262.0 million, or 123%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily driven by an
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
increase in unsecured personal loans retained in current and prior periods as HFI, partially offset by an increase in interest expense on deposits due to higher interest rates.
◦Net interest margin: Net interest margin was 8.2%, increasing from 5.6% in the prior year, primarily reflecting a greater mix of personal loans which generate a higher yield than the rest of the loans HFI, partially offset by higher interest rates on deposits.
•Provision for credit losses: Provision for credit losses increased $128.5 million, or 93%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily due to growth in loans HFI at amortized cost, discounting effect of the NPV allowance on prior loan vintages and additional qualitative allowance reflecting a less favorable economic outlook.
•Total non-interest expense: Total non-interest expense increased $105.5 million, or 16%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily driven by an increase in compensation and benefits expenses primarily due to an increase in headcount as well as an increase in variable marketing expenses based on higher origination volume.
•Net income: Net income increased $271.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. Net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 included a $143.5 million income tax benefit related to the reversal of our valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets.
•Net income excluding income tax benefit: Net income excluding income tax benefit (related to the reversal of our valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets) increased $127.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.
•Diluted EPS: Diluted EPS was $2.79 for the year ended December 31, 2022, increasing from $0.18 in the prior year. Diluted EPS for the year ended December 31, 2022 included a $1.38 per share benefit from the deferred tax valuation allowance reversal, as well as revenue growth and improved operating efficiency.
•Pre-provision net revenue: Pre-provision net revenue increased $263.2 million, or 167%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, reflecting revenue growth combined with improved operating efficiency.
•Total assets: Total assets as of December 31, 2022 increased $3.1 billion, or 63%, compared to the prior year, primarily reflecting growth in loans held for investment, including the acquisition of a $1.05 billion outstanding principal loan portfolio at the end of 2022.
•Deposits: Total deposits as of December 31, 2022 increased $3.3 billion, or 104%, compared to the prior year, primarily reflecting growth in online savings deposits.
•Total equity: Total equity as of December 31, 2022 increased $314.1 million, or 37%, compared to the prior year, primarily reflecting net income generated over the period and the deferred tax asset valuation allowance reversal.
The above summary should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in its entirety. For additional discussion related to our operating segments, see “Segment Information.”
52
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Financial Highlights
We regularly review several metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions. The following presents our select financial metrics for the periods presented:
| As Of and For The Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income | $ | 712,391 | $ | 605,799 | $ | 258,756 | ||||
| Net interest income | 474,825 | 212,831 | 59,328 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 1,187,216 | 818,630 | 318,084 | |||||||
| Non-interest expense | 766,853 | 661,386 | 502,319 | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue (1) | 420,363 | 157,244 | (184,235) | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 267,326 | 138,800 | 3,382 | |||||||
| Income (Loss) before income tax benefit | 153,037 | 18,444 | (187,617) | |||||||
| Income tax benefit | 136,648 | 136 | 79 | |||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 | $ | (187,538) | ||||
| Income tax benefit from release of tax valuation allowance | 143,495 | — | — | |||||||
| Net income (loss) excluding income tax benefit(1)(2) | $ | 146,190 | $ | 18,580 | $ | (187,538) | ||||
| Basic EPS – common stockholders | $ | 2.80 | $ | 0.19 | $ | (2.07) | ||||
| Diluted EPS – common stockholders | $ | 2.79 | $ | 0.18 | $ | (2.07) | ||||
| Diluted EPS excluding income tax benefit(1)(2) | $ | 1.41 | $ | 0.18 | $ | (2.07) | ||||
| LendingClub Corporation Performance Metrics: | ||||||||||
| Net interest margin | 8.2 | % | 5.6 | % | 3.0 | % | ||||
| Efficiency ratio(3) | 64.6 | % | 80.8 | % | N/A | |||||
| Return on average equity (ROE) | 28.4 | % | 2.4 | % | N/A | |||||
| Return on average total assets (ROA) | 4.7 | % | 0.4 | % | N/A | |||||
| Marketing as a % of loan originations | 1.5 | % | 1.5 | % | 1.2 | % | ||||
| LendingClub Corporation Capital Metrics: | ||||||||||
| Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | 15.8 | % | 21.3 | % | N/A | |||||
| Tier 1 leverage ratio | 14.1 | % | 16.5 | % | N/A | |||||
| Book value per common share | $ | 10.93 | $ | 8.41 | $ | 8.22 | ||||
| Tangible book value per common share(1) | $ | 10.06 | $ | 7.46 | $ | 8.09 | ||||
| Loan Originations (in millions)(4): | ||||||||||
| Marketplace loans | $ | 9,389 | $ | 8,099 | $ | 4,343 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment | 3,731 | 2,282 | — | |||||||
| Total loan originations | $ | 13,121 | $ | 10,381 | $ | 4,343 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment as a % of total loan originations | 28 | % | 22 | % | — | % | ||||
| Servicing Portfolio AUM (in millions)(5): | ||||||||||
| Total servicing portfolio | $ | 16,157 | $ | 12,463 | $ | 11,002 | ||||
| Loans serviced for others | $ | 10,819 | $ | 10,124 | $ | 10,139 |
N/A – Not applicable
(1) Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information.
(2) Excludes an income tax benefit of $143.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 due to the release of a deferred tax asset valuation allowance.
(3) Calculated as the ratio of non-interest expense to total net revenue.
(4) Includes unsecured personal loans and auto loans only.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
(5) Assets under management (AUM) reflects loans serviced on our platform, which includes outstanding balances of unsecured personal loans, auto refinance loans and education and patient finance loans serviced for others and retained for investment by the Company.
| As of December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost, net, excluding PPP loans | $ | 4,638,331 | $ | 2,486,440 | ||
| PPP loans | 66,971 | 268,297 | ||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost, net (1) | $ | 4,705,302 | $ | 2,754,737 | ||
| Loans held for investment at fair value | $ | 925,938 | $ | 21,240 | ||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 5,631,240 | $ | 2,775,977 | ||
| Total assets | $ | 7,979,747 | $ | 4,900,319 | ||
| Total deposits | $ | 6,392,553 | $ | 3,135,788 | ||
| Total liabilities | $ | 6,815,453 | $ | 4,050,077 | ||
| Total equity | $ | 1,164,294 | $ | 850,242 |
(1) Excludes loans held for investment at fair value, which primarily consists of a loan portfolio that was acquired at the end of 2022.
The asset quality metrics presented in the following table are for loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost and do not reflect loans held for investment at fair value:
| As of and for the year ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALLL to total loans and leases held for investment | 6.5 | % | 5.0 | % | ||
| ALLL to total loans and leases held for investment, excluding PPP loans | 6.6 | % | 5.5 | % | ||
| ALLL to consumer loans and leases held for investment | 7.3 | % | 6.4 | % | ||
| ALLL to commercial loans and leases held for investment | 2.0 | % | 1.8 | % | ||
| ALLL to commercial loans and leases held for investment, excluding PPP loans | 2.2 | % | 2.6 | % | ||
| Net charge-offs | $ | 83,216 | $ | 9,002 | ||
| Net charge-off ratio(1) | 2.1 | % | 0.5 | % |
(1) Calculated as net charge-offs divided by average outstanding loans and leases HFI at amortized cost during the period, excluding PPP loans.
54
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Results of Operations
This section of this Form 10-K generally discusses 2022 and 2021 items and year-over-year comparisons between 2022 and 2021. For discussion related to 2020 items and year-over-year comparisons between 2021 and 2020, see “Part II – Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The following table sets forth the Income Statement data for each of the periods presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income: | ||||||||||
| Marketplace revenue | $ | 683,626 | $ | 578,580 | $ | 245,314 | ||||
| Other non-interest income | 28,765 | 27,219 | 13,442 | |||||||
| Total non-interest income | 712,391 | 605,799 | 258,756 | |||||||
| Interest income: | ||||||||||
| Interest on loans held for sale | 26,183 | 29,540 | 72,876 | |||||||
| Interest and fees on loans and leases held for investment | 465,450 | 188,977 | — | |||||||
| Interest on loans held for investment at fair value | 12,877 | 4,436 | 7,688 | |||||||
| Interest on retail and certificate loans held for investment at fair value | 18,135 | 57,684 | 115,952 | |||||||
| Interest on securities available for sale | 16,116 | 11,025 | 12,125 | |||||||
| Other interest income | 18,579 | 1,170 | 1,053 | |||||||
| Total interest income | 557,340 | 292,832 | 209,694 | |||||||
| Interest expense: | ||||||||||
| Interest on deposits | 60,451 | 7,228 | — | |||||||
| Interest on short-term borrowings | 1,002 | 3,677 | 17,837 | |||||||
| Interest on retail notes, certificates and secured borrowings | 18,135 | 57,684 | 115,952 | |||||||
| Interest on Structured Program borrowings | 1,508 | 9,638 | 16,204 | |||||||
| Interest on other long-term debt | 1,419 | 1,774 | 373 | |||||||
| Total interest expense | 82,515 | 80,001 | 150,366 | |||||||
| Net interest income | 474,825 | 212,831 | 59,328 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 1,187,216 | 818,630 | 318,084 | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 267,326 | 138,800 | 3,382 | |||||||
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | 339,397 | 288,390 | 252,517 | |||||||
| Marketing | 197,747 | 156,142 | 51,518 | |||||||
| Equipment and software | 49,198 | 39,490 | 26,842 | |||||||
| Occupancy | 21,977 | 24,249 | 27,870 | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 43,831 | 44,285 | 54,030 | |||||||
| Professional services | 50,516 | 47,572 | 41,780 | |||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 64,187 | 61,258 | 47,762 | |||||||
| Total non-interest expense | 766,853 | 661,386 | 502,319 | |||||||
| Income (Loss) before income tax benefit | 153,037 | 18,444 | (187,617) | |||||||
| Income tax benefit | 136,648 | 136 | 79 | |||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 | $ | (187,538) |
55
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Marketplace Revenue
Marketplace revenue consists of the following:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origination fees | $ | 499,179 | $ | 416,839 | $ | 82,340 | 20 | % | ||||||||
| Servicing fees | 80,609 | 87,639 | (7,030) | (8) | % | |||||||||||
| Gain on sales of loans | 95,335 | 70,116 | 25,219 | 36 | % | |||||||||||
| Net fair value adjustments | 8,503 | 3,986 | 4,517 | 113 | % | |||||||||||
| Total marketplace revenue | $ | 683,626 | $ | 578,580 | $ | 105,046 | 18 | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origination fees | $ | 416,839 | $ | 207,640 | $ | 209,199 | 101 | % | ||||||||
| Servicing fees | 87,639 | 111,864 | (24,225) | (22) | % | |||||||||||
| Gain on sales of loans | 70,116 | 30,812 | 39,304 | 128 | % | |||||||||||
| Net fair value adjustments | 3,986 | (105,002) | 108,988 | N/M | ||||||||||||
| Total marketplace revenue | $ | 578,580 | $ | 245,314 | $ | 333,266 | 136 | % |
We elected to account for HFS loans under the fair value option. With the election of the fair value option, origination fees, net fair value adjustments prior to sale of the loans, and servicing asset gains on the sales of the loans, are reported as separate components of “Marketplace revenue.”
Origination Fees
Origination fees recorded as a component of marketplace revenue are primarily fees earned related to originating and issuing unsecured personal loans that are held for sale. In addition, origination fees include transaction fees that were paid to us by issuing bank partners or education and patient service providers for the work performed in facilitating the origination of loans by the issuing banks. Following the Acquisition, LC Bank became the originator and lender for all unsecured personal and auto refinance loans and the majority of education and patient finance loans.
The following table presents loan origination volume during each of the periods set forth below:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2022 vs. 2021 Change (%) | 2021 vs. 2020 Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marketplace loans | $ | 9,389,445 | $ | 8,099,109 | $ | 4,343,411 | 16 | % | 86 | % | |||||||
| Loan originations held for investment | 3,731,057 | 2,282,206 | — | 63 | % | N/A | |||||||||||
| Total loan originations (1) | $ | 13,120,502 | $ | 10,381,315 | $ | 4,343,411 | 26 | % | 139 | % |
N/A – Not applicable
(1) Includes unsecured personal loans and auto loans only.
Origination fees were $499.2 million and $416.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of 20%. The increase was due to higher origination volume of marketplace loans, partially offset by a reduction in investor demand for marketplace loans in the second half of 2022 that was impacted adversely by the rapidly rising interest rate environment.
56
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Servicing Fees
We receive servicing fees to compensate us for servicing loans on behalf of investors, including managing payments from borrowers, collections and payments to those investors. Servicing fee revenue related to loans sold also includes the change in fair value of servicing assets associated with the loans.
The table below illustrates AUM serviced on our platform by the method in which the loans were financed as of the end of each period presented. Loans sold and subsequently serviced on behalf of the investor represent a key driver of our servicing fee revenue.
| As of December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUM (in millions): | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans sold | $ | 10,819 | $ | 10,124 | $ | 695 | 7 | % | ||||||||
| Loans held by LendingClub Bank | 5,263 | 2,026 | 3,237 | 160 | % | |||||||||||
| Retail notes, certificates and secured borrowings | 59 | 238 | (179) | (75) | % | |||||||||||
| Other loans invested in by the Company | 16 | 75 | (59) | (79) | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 16,157 | $ | 12,463 | $ | 3,694 | 30 | % |
| As of December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUM (in millions): | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans sold | $ | 10,124 | $ | 10,139 | $ | (15) | — | % | ||||||||
| Loans held by LendingClub Bank | 2,026 | — | $ | 2,026 | N/M | |||||||||||
| Retail notes, certificates and secured borrowings | 238 | 680 | $ | (442) | (65) | % | ||||||||||
| Other loans invested in by the Company | 75 | 183 | (108) | (59) | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 12,463 | $ | 11,002 | $ | 1,461 | 13 | % |
In addition to the loans serviced on our marketplace platform, we earned servicing fee revenue on $167.0 million and $214.0 million in outstanding principal balance of commercial loans sold as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Servicing fees were $80.6 million and $87.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, a decrease of 8%. The decrease was primarily due to higher fair value amortization of our servicing asset resulting from a larger asset balance, as well as a servicing asset write-off related to the acquisition of a $1.05 billion outstanding principal loan portfolio in the fourth quarter of 2022, partially offset by an increase in the fair value of the servicing asset based on higher expected servicing fee revenue.
Gain on Sales of Loans
In connection with loan sales, we recognize a gain or loss on the sale of loans based on the level to which the contractual servicing fee is above or below an estimated market rate of servicing at the time of sale. Additionally, we recognize transaction costs, if any, as a loss on sale of loans.
Gain on sales of loans was $95.3 million and $70.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of 36%. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the volume of marketplace loans sold and an increase in expected servicing fee revenue.
Net Fair Value Adjustments
We record fair value adjustments on loans that are recorded at fair value, including gains or losses from sale prices in excess of or less than the loan principal amount sold.
57
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Net fair value adjustments were $8.5 million and $4.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of $4.5 million. The increase was primarily due to higher loan sale prices and an increase in the volume of marketplace loans sold.
Other Non-interest Income
Other non-interest income primarily consists of referral revenue that relates to fees earned from third-party companies when customers referred by us consider or purchase products or services from such third-party companies. The tables below illustrate the composition of other non-interest income for each period presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Referral revenue | $ | 12,942 | $ | 14,234 | $ | (1,292) | (9) | % | ||||||||
| Realized losses on sales of securities available for sale and other investments | — | (93) | 93 | N/M | ||||||||||||
| Other | 15,823 | 13,078 | 2,745 | 21 | % | |||||||||||
| Other non-interest income | $ | 28,765 | $ | 27,219 | $ | 1,546 | 6 | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Referral revenue | $ | 14,234 | $ | 5,011 | $ | 9,223 | 184 | % | ||||||
| Realized gains (losses) on sales of securities available for sale and other investments | (93) | 11 | (104) | N/M | ||||||||||
| Other | 13,078 | 8,420 | 4,658 | 55 | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest income | $ | 27,219 | $ | 13,442 | $ | 13,777 | 102 | % |
58
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Net Interest Income
The table below presents net interest income information corresponding to interest-earning assets and interest-bearing funding sources on a consolidated basis for the Company. The average yield/rate is calculated by dividing the period-end interest income/expense by the average balance.
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and other | $ | 987,833 | $ | 18,579 | 1.88 | % | $ | 754,920 | $ | 1,170 | 0.16 | % | $ | 395,734 | $ | 1,053 | 0.27 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Securities available for sale at fair value | 370,277 | 16,116 | 4.35 | % | 288,545 | 11,025 | 3.82 | % | 217,189 | 12,125 | 5.58 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | 162,760 | 26,183 | 16.09 | % | 218,349 | 29,540 | 13.53 | % | 489,750 | 72,876 | 14.88 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured personal loans (2) | 2,967,410 | 410,222 | 13.82 | % | 863,266 | 122,807 | 15.52 | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured consumer loans | 301,023 | 11,093 | 3.69 | % | 485,195 | 17,105 | 3.85 | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial loans and leases | 669,907 | 36,167 | 5.40 | % | 617,483 | 30,731 | 5.43 | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| PPP loans | 138,575 | 7,968 | 5.75 | % | 487,435 | 18,334 | 4.10 | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 4,076,915 | 465,450 | 11.42 | % | 2,453,379 | 188,977 | 8.40 | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for investment at fair value | 91,057 | 12,877 | 14.14 | % | 34,938 | 4,436 | 12.70 | % | 60,093 | 7,688 | 12.79 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | 4,167,972 | 478,327 | 11.48 | % | 2,488,317 | 193,413 | 7.77 | % | 60,093 | 7,688 | 12.79 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail and certificate loans held for investment at fair value | 128,047 | 18,135 | 14.16 | % | 406,406 | 57,684 | 14.19 | % | 815,255 | 115,952 | 14.20 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-earning assets | 5,816,889 | 557,340 | 9.58 | % | 4,156,537 | 292,832 | 7.46 | % | 1,978,021 | 209,694 | 10.59 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks and restricted cash | 72,764 | 112,012 | 114,105 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | (234,532) | (77,223) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-interest earning assets | 547,388 | 426,323 | 339,746 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 6,202,509 | $ | 4,617,649 | $ | 2,431,872 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Checking and money market accounts | 2,205,691 | 16,464 | 0.75 | % | $ | 2,071,640 | $ | 5,954 | 0.31 | % | $ | — | $ | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Savings accounts and certificates of deposit | 2,123,037 | 43,987 | 2.07 | % | 383,447 | 1,274 | 0.36 | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits (2) | 4,328,728 | 60,451 | 1.40 | % | 2,455,087 | 7,228 | 0.32 | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term borrowings | 10,437 | 1,002 | 9.60 | % | 68,032 | 3,677 | 5.40 | % | 387,958 | 17,837 | 4.60 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Advances from PPPLF | 141,528 | 503 | 0.36 | % | 365,976 | 1,183 | 0.35 | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail notes, certificates and secured borrowings | 128,047 | 18,135 | 14.16 | % | 407,471 | 57,684 | 14.16 | % | 816,010 | 115,952 | 14.21 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Structured Program borrowings | 20,962 | 1,508 | 7.19 | % | 110,579 | 9,638 | 8.72 | % | 162,688 | 16,204 | 9.96 | % |
59
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term debt | 15,219 | 916 | 6.02 | % | 16,355 | 591 | 3.61 | % | 6,824 | 373 | 5.47 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | 4,644,921 | 82,515 | 1.78 | % | 3,423,500 | 80,001 | 2.36 | % | 1,373,480 | 150,366 | 10.95 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Non-interest bearing deposits | 264,099 | 126,982 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | 274,209 | 289,163 | 272,164 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 5,183,229 | $ | 3,839,645 | $ | 1,645,644 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total equity | $ | 1,019,280 | $ | 778,004 | $ | 786,228 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 6,202,509 | $ | 4,617,649 | $ | 2,431,872 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate spread | 7.80 | % | 5.10 | % | (0.36) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income and net interest margin | $ | 474,825 | 8.16 | % | $ | 212,831 | 5.56 | % | $ | 59,328 | 3.00 | % |
(1) Nonaccrual loans and any related income are included in their respective loan categories.
(2) The average yield/rate for unsecured consumer loans decreased in 2022 compared to 2021 due to a shift in the mix toward higher credit quality loans. The average yield/rate for interest-bearing deposits increased due to a higher federal funds rate and an increasing concentration of online deposits. We expect continued pressure on net interest margin to continue during 2023.
60
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
An analysis of the year-to-year changes in the categories of interest income and interest expense resulting from changes in volume and rate is as follows:
| 2022 Compared to 2021 | 2021 Compared to 2020 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in: | Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in: | |||||||||||||||||
| Average Volume(1) | Average Rate(1) | Total | Average Volume(1) | Average Rate(1) | Total | |||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and other | $ | 470 | $ | 16,939 | $ | 17,409 | $ | 682 | $ | (565) | $ | 117 | ||||||
| Securities available for sale at fair value | 3,414 | 1,677 | 5,091 | 3,342 | (4,442) | (1,100) | ||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | (8,336) | 4,979 | (3,357) | (37,233) | (6,103) | (43,336) | ||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 286,205 | (9,732) | 276,473 | 188,977 | — | 188,977 | ||||||||||||
| Loans held for investment at fair value | 7,883 | 558 | 8,441 | (3,195) | (57) | (3,252) | ||||||||||||
| Retail and certificate loans held for investment at fair value | (39,422) | (127) | (39,549) | (58,194) | (74) | (58,268) | ||||||||||||
| Total increase (decrease) in interest income on interest-earning assets | $ | 250,214 | $ | 14,294 | $ | 264,508 | $ | 94,379 | $ | (11,241) | $ | 83,138 | ||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||
| Checking and money market accounts | $ | 472 | $ | 10,038 | $ | 10,510 | $ | 5,954 | $ | — | $ | 5,954 | ||||||
| Savings accounts and certificates of deposit | 20,965 | 21,748 | 42,713 | 1,274 | — | 1,274 | ||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits | 21,437 | 31,786 | 53,223 | 7,228 | — | 7,228 | ||||||||||||
| Short-term borrowings | (4,374) | 1,699 | (2,675) | (16,837) | 2,677 | (14,160) | ||||||||||||
| Advances from PPPLF | (691) | 11 | (680) | 1,183 | — | 1,183 | ||||||||||||
| Retail notes, certificates and secured borrowings | (39,573) | 24 | (39,549) | (57,838) | (430) | (58,268) | ||||||||||||
| Structured Program borrowings | (6,689) | (1,441) | (8,130) | (4,723) | (1,843) | (6,566) | ||||||||||||
| Other long-term debt | (44) | 369 | 325 | 379 | (161) | 218 | ||||||||||||
| Total increase (decrease) in interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities | $ | (29,934) | $ | 32,448 | $ | 2,514 | $ | (70,608) | $ | 243 | $ | (70,365) | ||||||
| Increase (decrease) in net interest income | $ | 280,148 | $ | (18,154) | $ | 261,994 | $ | 164,987 | $ | (11,484) | $ | 153,503 |
(1) Volume and rate changes have been allocated on a consistent basis using the respective percentage changes in average balances and average rates.
61
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Provision for Credit Losses
The allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL) for lifetime expected losses under CECL on HFI loans and leases at amortized cost is initially recognized as “Provision for credit losses” at the time of origination. The ALLL is estimated using a discounted cash flow (DCF) approach, where effective interest rates are used to calculate the net present value (NPV) of expected cash flows. The effective interest rates are calculated based on the periodic interest income received from the loan’s contractual cash flows and the net investment in the loan, which includes deferred origination fees and costs, to provide a constant rate of return over the loan term. The NPV from the DCF approach is then compared to the amortized cost basis of the loans and leases to derive expected credit losses. Under the DCF approach, the provision for credit losses in subsequent periods includes a credit loss expense relating to the discounting effect due to the passage of time after the initial recognition of ALLL on originated HFI loans at amortized cost.
The provision for credit losses includes the credit loss expense for HFI loans and leases at amortized cost, available for sale (AFS) securities and unfunded lending commitments. The table below illustrates the composition of the provision for credit losses for each period presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit loss expense for Radius loans at acquisition | $ | — | $ | 6,929 | $ | — | ||||
| Credit loss expense for loans and leases held for investment | 266,679 | 134,022 | — | |||||||
| Credit loss expense for unfunded lending commitments | 647 | 1,231 | — | |||||||
| Total credit loss expense | 267,326 | 142,182 | — | |||||||
| (Reversal of) Impairment on securities available for sale | — | (3,382) | 3,382 | |||||||
| Total provision for credit losses | $ | 267,326 | $ | 138,800 | $ | 3,382 |
The provision for credit losses increased $128.5 million, or 93%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily due to growth in the volume of loans HFI at amortized cost and the related initial provision for credit losses, discounting effect of the NPV allowance on prior loan vintages and additional qualitative allowance reflecting a less favorable economic outlook.
The activity in the allowance for credit losses (ACL) was as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period | $ | 144,389 | $ | — | ||
| Credit loss expense for loans and leases held for investment | 266,679 | 140,951 | ||||
| Initial allowance for purchased credit deteriorated (PCD) loans acquired during the period(1) | — | 12,440 | ||||
| Charge-offs | (87,473) | (10,452) | ||||
| Recoveries | 4,257 | 1,450 | ||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period | $ | 327,852 | $ | 144,389 | ||
| Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period | $ | 1,231 | $ | — | ||
| Credit loss expense for unfunded lending commitments | 647 | 1,231 | ||||
| Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, end of period (2) | $ | 1,878 | $ | 1,231 |
(1) For acquired PCD loans, an ACL of $30.4 million was required with a corresponding increase to the amortized cost basis as of the acquisition date during the year ended December 31, 2021. For PCD loans where all or a portion of the loan balance had been previously written-off, or would be subject to write-off under the Company’s charge-off policy, an ACL of $18.0 million included as part of the grossed-up loan balance at acquisition was immediately written-off during the year ended December 31, 2021. The net impact to the allowance for PCD assets on the acquisition date was $12.4 million.
(2) Relates to $138.0 million and $110.8 million of unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
62
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ratio of allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost | 6.5 | % | 5.0 | % | ||
| Ratio of allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost, excluding PPP loans | 6.6 | % | 5.5 | % | ||
| Average loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost, excluding PPP loans | $ | 3,938,340 | $ | 1,965,944 | ||
| Net charge-off ratio(1) | 2.1 | % | 0.5 | % |
(1) Calculated as annualized net charge-offs divided by average outstanding loans and leases held for investment during the period, excluding PPP loans.
Loans and leases are generally placed on nonaccrual status when contractually past due 90 days or more, or earlier if management believes that the probability of collection does not warrant further accrual. Unsecured personal loans are charged-off no later than 120 days past due. The following table presents nonaccrual loans and leases (1):
| December 31, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total nonaccrual loans and leases held for investment | $ | 34,827 | $ | 9,985 | ||
| Ratio of total nonaccrual loans and leases held for investment to total loans and leases held for investment | 0.7 | % | 0.3 | % | ||
| Ratio of total nonaccrual loans and leases held for investment to total loans and leases held for investment, excluding PPP loans | 0.7 | % | 0.4 | % |
(1) Excluding PPP loans, there were no loans that were 90 days or more past due and accruing as of both December 31, 2022 and 2021.
For additional information on the ACL and nonaccrual loans and leases, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” and “Note 6. Loans and Leases Held for Investment at Amortized Cost, Net of Allowance For Loan and Lease Losses.”
63
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Non-interest Expense
Non-interest expense primarily consists of (i) compensation and benefits, which include salaries and wages, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, (ii) marketing, which includes costs attributable to borrower and deposit customer acquisition efforts and building general brand awareness, (iii) equipment and software, (iv) occupancy, which includes rent expense and all other costs related to occupying our office spaces, (v) depreciation and amortization and (vi) professional services, which primarily consist of consulting fees.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 339,397 | $ | 288,390 | $ | 51,007 | 18 | % | ||||||
| Marketing | 197,747 | 156,142 | 41,605 | 27 | % | |||||||||
| Equipment and software | 49,198 | 39,490 | 9,708 | 25 | % | |||||||||
| Occupancy | 21,977 | 24,249 | (2,272) | (9) | % | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 43,831 | 44,285 | (454) | (1) | % | |||||||||
| Professional services | 50,516 | 47,572 | 2,944 | 6 | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 64,187 | 61,258 | 2,929 | 5 | % | |||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 766,853 | $ | 661,386 | $ | 105,467 | 16 | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 288,390 | $ | 252,517 | $ | 35,873 | 14 | % | ||||||
| Marketing | 156,142 | 51,518 | 104,624 | 203 | % | |||||||||
| Equipment and software | 39,490 | 26,842 | 12,648 | 47 | % | |||||||||
| Occupancy | 24,249 | 27,870 | (3,621) | (13) | % | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 44,285 | 54,030 | (9,745) | (18) | % | |||||||||
| Professional services | 47,572 | 41,780 | 5,792 | 14 | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 61,258 | 47,762 | 13,496 | 28 | % | |||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 661,386 | $ | 502,319 | $ | 159,067 | 32 | % |
Compensation and benefits expense increased $51.0 million, or 18%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily due to an increase in headcount.
Marketing expense increased $41.6 million, or 27%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily due to an increase in variable marketing expenses based on higher origination volume, partially offset by the deferral of applicable marketing expenses for HFI loans.
Equipment and software expense increased $9.7 million, or 25%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily due to an increase in hosting fees and subscription costs.
Occupancy expense was $22.0 million and $24.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Depreciation and amortization expense remained relatively flat for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.
Professional services expense increased $2.9 million, or 6%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily due to an increase in consulting fees.
64
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Other non-interest expense increased $2.9 million, or 5%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily due to an increase in consumer credit services.
Income Taxes
For the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded an income tax benefit of $136.6 million primarily due to the release of a $175.6 million valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, of which $143.5 million is primarily based on our reassessment of the realizability of our deferred tax assets. For the year ended December 31, 2021, we recorded an income tax benefit of $136 thousand primarily related to a tax benefit associated with the Acquisition, partially offset by income tax expense for state jurisdictions that limit net operating loss carryforward utilization. For the year ended December 31, 2020, we recorded an income tax benefit of $79 thousand primarily attributable to current state income taxes.
We have evaluated both positive and negative evidence when assessing the recoverability of our net deferred tax assets. Several factors were considered, which primarily included our business model transition and resulting increase in profitability and the expectation of continued profitability. These factors resulted in the release of the majority of our valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. Changes to deferred tax asset valuation allowances and liabilities related to uncertain tax positions are recorded as current period income tax expense or benefit.
As of December 31, 2022, we maintained a valuation allowance of $47.7 million related to state NOLs and tax credit carryforwards. The realization and timing of these state NOLs and tax credit carryforwards, based on the allocation of taxable income to the Parent, is uncertain and may expire before being utilized. We expect that our statutory tax rate in 2023 will approximate 27%.
Income taxes are recorded on a separate entity basis whereby each operating segment determines income tax expense or benefit as if it filed a separate tax return. Differences between separate entity and consolidated tax returns are eliminated upon consolidation.
Segment Information
The Company defines operating segments to be components of the Company for which discrete financial information is evaluated regularly by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer to allocate resources and evaluate financial performance. This information is reviewed according to the legal organizational structure of the Company’s operations with products and services presented separately for the parent bank holding company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, LC Bank.
LendingClub Bank
The LC Bank operating segment represents the national bank legal entity and reflects post-Acquisition operating activities. This segment provides a full complement of financial products and solutions, including loans, leases and deposits. It originates loans to individuals and businesses, retains loans for investment, sells loans to investors and manages relationships with deposit holders.
LendingClub Corporation (Parent Only)
The LendingClub Corporation (Parent only) operating segment represents the holding company legal entity and predominately reflects the operations of the Company prior to the Acquisition. This activity includes, but is not limited to, servicing fee revenue for loans serviced prior to the Acquisition, and interest income and interest expense related to the Retail Program and Structured Program transactions.
65
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Financial information for the segments is presented in the following table:
| LendingClub Bank | LendingClub Corporation (Parent only) | Intercompany Eliminations | Consolidated Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year Ended December 31, | Eleven Months Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | Eleven Months Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketplace revenue | $ | 610,536 | $ | 462,821 | $ | 48,231 | $ | 115,759 | $ | 24,859 | $ | — | $ | 683,626 | $ | 578,580 | |||||||||||||
| Other non-interest income | 85,208 | 94,953 | 15,628 | 16,718 | (72,071) | (84,452) | 28,765 | 27,219 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest income | 695,744 | 557,774 | 63,859 | 132,477 | (47,212) | (84,452) | 712,391 | 605,799 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 526,471 | 210,739 | 30,869 | 82,093 | — | — | 557,340 | 292,832 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (60,954) | (8,412) | (21,561) | (71,589) | — | — | (82,515) | (80,001) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | 465,517 | 202,327 | 9,308 | 10,504 | — | — | 474,825 | 212,831 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue | 1,161,261 | 760,101 | 73,167 | 142,981 | (47,212) | (84,452) | 1,187,216 | 818,630 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (Provision for) reversal of credit losses | (267,326) | (142,182) | — | 3,382 | — | — | (267,326) | (138,800) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest expense | (724,304) | (547,799) | (89,761) | (198,039) | 47,212 | 84,452 | (766,853) | (661,386) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (Loss) before income tax benefit (expense) | 169,631 | 70,120 | (16,594) | (51,676) | — | — | 153,037 | 18,444 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | (42,354) | 9,171 | 125,954 | 44,013 | 53,048 | (53,048) | 136,648 | 136 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 127,277 | $ | 79,291 | $ | 109,360 | $ | (7,663) | $ | 53,048 | $ | (53,048) | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 | |||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | $ | 69,481 | $ | 32,602 | $ | — | $ | 1,811 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 69,481 | $ | 34,413 | |||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | $ | 16,489 | $ | 4,569 | $ | 27,342 | $ | 39,716 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 43,831 | $ | 44,285 |
The Company integrated the Acquisition into its reportable segments in the first quarter of 2021. As the Company’s reportable segments are based on legal organizational structure and LC Bank was formed upon the Acquisition, the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020, is provided on a consolidated basis in the Company’s Income Statement. Additionally, an analysis of the Company’s results of operations and material trends for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 is provided on a consolidated basis in “Results of Operations.”
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we use the following non-GAAP financial measures: Pre-Provision Net Revenue, Net Income (Loss) Excluding Income Tax Benefit, Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit, and Tangible Book Value (TBV) Per Common Share. Our non-GAAP financial measures do have limitations as analytical tools and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for an analysis of our results under GAAP.
66
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide management and investors with useful supplemental information about the financial performance of our business, enable comparison of financial results between periods where certain items may vary independent of business performance, and enable comparison of our financial results with other public companies.
We believe Pre-Provision Net Revenue, Net Income (Loss) Excluding Income Tax Benefit and Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit are important measures because they reflect the underlying financial performance of our business operations. Pre-Provision Net Revenue is a non-GAAP financial measure calculated by subtracting the provision for credit losses and income tax benefit/expense from net income. Net Income (Loss) Excluding Income Tax Benefit adjusts for the release of a deferred tax asset valuation allowance in 2022. Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit is a non-GAAP financial measure calculated by dividing Net Income (Loss) Excluding Income Tax Benefit by the weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding.
We believe TBV Per Common Share is an important measure used to evaluate the Company’s use of equity. TBV Per Common Share is a non-GAAP financial measure representing the book value of common equity reduced by goodwill and intangible assets, divided by ending number of common shares issued and outstanding.
The following tables provide a reconciliation of Pre-Provision Net Revenue (PPNR) to the nearest GAAP measure:
| For the year ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP Net income (loss) | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 | $ | (187,538) | ||||
| Less: Provision for credit losses | (267,326) | (138,800) | (3,382) | |||||||
| Less: Income tax benefit | 136,648 | 136 | 79 | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue | $ | 420,363 | $ | 157,244 | $ | (184,235) |
| For the year ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income | $ | 712,391 | $ | 605,799 | $ | 258,756 | ||||
| Net interest income | 474,825 | 212,831 | 59,328 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 1,187,216 | 818,630 | 318,084 | |||||||
| Non-interest expense | (766,853) | (661,386) | (502,319) | |||||||
| Pre-provision net revenue | 420,363 | 157,244 | (184,235) | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | (267,326) | (138,800) | (3,382) | |||||||
| Income (Loss) before income tax benefit | 153,037 | 18,444 | (187,617) | |||||||
| Income tax benefit | 136,648 | 136 | 79 | |||||||
| GAAP Net income (loss) | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 | $ | (187,538) |
67
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The following table provides a reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) Excluding Income Tax Benefit and Diluted EPS Excluding Income Tax Benefit to the nearest GAAP measures:
| As of and For The Year Ended December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP Net income (loss) | $ | 289,685 | $ | 18,580 | $ | (187,538) | ||||
| Income tax benefit from release of tax valuation allowance | 143,495 | — | — | |||||||
| Net income (loss) excluding income tax benefit | $ | 146,190 | $ | 18,580 | $ | (187,538) | ||||
| GAAP Diluted EPS – common stockholders | $ | 2.79 | $ | 0.18 | $ | (2.07) | ||||
| (A) | Income tax benefit from release of tax valuation allowance | $ | 143,495 | N/A | N/A | |||||
| (B) | Weighted-average common shares – Diluted | 104,001,288 | N/A | N/A | ||||||
| (A/B) | Diluted EPS impact of income tax benefit | $ | 1.38 | N/A | N/A | |||||
| Diluted EPS excluding income tax benefit | $ | 1.41 | $ | 0.18 | $ | (2.07) |
N/A – Not applicable
The following table provides a reconciliation of TBV Per Common Share to the nearest GAAP measure:
| As of December 31, | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP common equity | $ | 1,164,294 | $ | 850,242 | $ | 724,171 | ||||||
| Less: Goodwill | (75,717) | (75,717) | — | |||||||||
| Less: Intangible assets | (16,334) | (21,181) | (11,427) | |||||||||
| Tangible common equity | $ | 1,072,243 | $ | 753,344 | $ | 712,744 | ||||||
| Book value per common share | ||||||||||||
| GAAP common equity | $ | 1,164,294 | $ | 850,242 | $ | 724,171 | ||||||
| Common shares issued and outstanding | 106,546,995 | 101,043,924 | 88,149,510 | |||||||||
| Book value per common share | $ | 10.93 | $ | 8.41 | $ | 8.22 | ||||||
| Tangible book value per common share | ||||||||||||
| Tangible common equity | $ | 1,072,243 | $ | 753,344 | $ | 712,744 | ||||||
| Common shares issued and outstanding | 106,546,995 | 101,043,924 | 88,149,510 | |||||||||
| Tangible book value per common share | $ | 10.06 | $ | 7.46 | $ | 8.09 |
Supervision and Regulatory Environment
We are subject to periodic exams, investigations, inquiries or requests, enforcement actions and other proceedings from federal and state regulatory agencies, including the federal banking regulators that directly regulate the Company and/or LC Bank. Further, we are subject to claims, individual and class action lawsuits, and lawsuits alleging regulatory violations. The number and/or significance of these exams, investigations, inquiries, requests, proceedings, claims and lawsuits have been increasing since the Acquisition in part because our products and services increased in scope and in part because we became a bank holding company operating a national bank. Although historically the Company has generally resolved these matters in a manner that was not materially adverse to its financial results or business operations, no assurance can be given as to the timing, outcome or consequences of any of these matters in the future.
68
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Regulatory Actions Taken in Relation to COVID-19
Regulators and government officials at the federal government level and in states across the country have issued orders, passed laws or otherwise issued guidance in connection with COVID-19. Some of these orders and laws have placed restrictions on debt collection activity, all or certain types of communications with delinquent borrowers or others, required that borrowers be allowed to defer payments on outstanding debt, governed credit reporting and the use of credit reporting, and placed certain restrictions and requirements on operations in the workplace. We have taken steps to monitor regulatory developments relating to COVID-19 and to comply with orders and laws applicable to our business. Although many of the orders, laws or guidance related to COVID-19 have since reverted, given the ongoing nature of the pandemic, it is possible that additional orders, laws, or regulatory guidance may still be issued. We are not able to predict the extent of the impact on our business from any regulatory activity relating to or resulting from COVID-19.
Federal Banking Regulator Supervision
Since the Acquisition, we are subject to supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by multiple federal banking regulatory bodies. Specifically, as a bank holding company, the Company is subject to ongoing and comprehensive supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by the FRB. Further, as a national bank, LC Bank is subject to ongoing and comprehensive supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by the OCC. Accordingly, we have been and continue to invest in regulatory compliance and be subject to certain parameters, obligations and/or limitations set forth by the banking regulations and regulators with respect to the operation of our business.
Consequences
If we are found to not have complied with applicable laws, regulations or requirements, we could: (i) lose one or more of our licenses or authorizations, (ii) become subject to a consent order or administrative enforcement action, (iii) face lawsuits (including class action lawsuits), sanctions, penalties, or other monetary losses due to judgments, orders, or settlements, (iv) be in breach of certain contracts, which may void or cancel such contracts, (v) decide or be compelled to modify or suspend certain of our business practices, (vi) be unable to execute on certain Company initiatives, or (vii) be required to obtain a license in such jurisdiction, which may have an adverse effect on our ability to operate and/or evolve our lending marketplace and other products and/or services; any of which may harm our business or financial results.
See “Part I – Item 1. Business – Regulation and Supervision,” “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Regulation, Supervision and Compliance,” and “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Operating Our Business” of this Annual Report for further discussion regarding our supervision and regulatory environment.
Capital Management
The prudent management of capital is fundamental to the successful achievement of our business initiatives. We actively review capital through a process that continuously assesses and monitors the Company’s overall capital adequacy. Our objective is to maintain capital at an amount commensurate with our risk profile and risk tolerance objectives, and to meet both regulatory and market expectations.
The formation of LC Bank as a nationally chartered association and the organization of the Company as a bank holding company subjects us to various capital adequacy guidelines issued by the OCC and the FRB, including the requirement to maintain regulatory capital ratios in accordance with the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision standardized approach for U.S. banking organizations (U.S. Basel III). As a U.S. Basel III standardized approach institution, we selected the one-time election to opt-out of the requirements to include all the components of accumulated other comprehensive income included in common stockholder’s equity. The minimum capital
69
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
requirements under the U.S. Basel III capital framework are: a CET1 risk-based capital ratio of 4.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%. Additionally, a Capital Conservation Buffer (CCB) of 2.5% must be maintained above the minimum risk-based capital requirements in order to avoid certain limitations on capital distributions, stock repurchases, and certain discretionary bonus payments. In addition to these guidelines, the banking regulators may require a banking organization to maintain capital at levels higher than the minimum ratios prescribed under the U.S. Basel III capital framework. In this regard, and unless otherwise directed by the FRB and the OCC, we have made commitments for the Company and LC Bank (until February 2024) to maintain a CET1 risk-based capital ratio of 11.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio above 11.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio above 13.0%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 11.0%. See “Part I – Item 1. Business – Regulation and Supervision – Regulatory Capital Requirements and Prompt Corrective Action” and “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 20. Regulatory Requirements” of this Annual Report for additional information.
The following table summarizes the Company’s regulatory capital amounts (in millions) and ratios:
| December 31, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | Required Minimum plus Required CCB for Non-Leverage Ratios | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LendingClub | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | ||||||||||||
| CET1 capital (1) | $ | 1,005.8 | 15.8 | % | $ | 710.0 | 21.3 | % | 7.0 | % | ||||||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 1,005.8 | 15.8 | % | $ | 710.0 | 21.3 | % | 8.5 | % | ||||||
| Total capital | $ | 1,088.1 | 17.1 | % | $ | 767.9 | 23.0 | % | 10.5 | % | ||||||
| Tier 1 leverage | $ | 1,005.8 | 14.1 | % | $ | 710.0 | 16.5 | % | 4.0 | % | ||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 6,360.7 | N/A | $ | 3,333.2 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Quarterly adjusted average assets | $ | 7,119.0 | N/A | $ | 4,301.7 | N/A | N/A |
N/A – Not applicable
(1) Consists of common stockholders’ equity as defined under U.S. GAAP and certain adjustments made in accordance with regulatory capital guidelines, including the addition of the CECL transitional benefit and deductions for goodwill and other intangible assets.
The following table summarizes LC Bank’s regulatory capital amounts (in millions) and ratios:
| December 31, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | Required Minimum plus Required CCB forNon-Leverage Ratios | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LendingClub Bank | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | ||||||||||||
| CET1 capital (1) | $ | 852.2 | 13.8 | % | $ | 523.7 | 16.7 | % | 7.0 | % | ||||||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 852.2 | 13.8 | % | $ | 523.7 | 16.7 | % | 8.5 | % | ||||||
| Total capital | $ | 932.4 | 15.1 | % | $ | 563.7 | 18.0 | % | 10.5 | % | ||||||
| Tier 1 leverage | $ | 852.2 | 12.5 | % | $ | 523.7 | 14.3 | % | 4.0 | % | ||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 6,194.0 | N/A | $ | 3,130.4 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Quarterly adjusted average assets | $ | 6,795.2 | N/A | $ | 3,667.7 | N/A | N/A |
N/A – Not applicable
(1) Consists of common stockholders’ equity as defined under U.S. GAAP and certain adjustments made in accordance with regulatory capital guidelines, including the addition of the CECL transitional benefit and deductions for goodwill and other intangible assets.
The higher risk-based capital ratios for the Company reflect generally lower risk-weights for assets held by LendingClub Corporation as compared with LC Bank.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the FRB, OCC, and FDIC adopted a final rule related to the regulatory capital treatment of the allowance for credit losses under CECL. As permitted by the rule, the Company elected to
70
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
delay the estimated impact of CECL on regulatory capital resulting in a capital benefit of $35 million at December 31, 2021. This benefit is phased out over a three-year transition period that commenced on January 1, 2022 at a rate of 25% each year through January 1, 2025.
Liquidity
We manage liquidity to meet our cash flow and collateral obligations in a timely manner at a reasonable cost. We must maintain operating liquidity to meet our expected daily and forecasted cash flow requirements, as well as contingent liquidity to meet unexpected funding requirements.
As our primary business at LC Bank involves taking deposits and originating loans, a key role of liquidity management is to ensure that customers have timely access to funds from deposits and for loans. Liquidity management also involves maintaining sufficient liquidity to repay borrowings, pay operating expenses and support extraordinary funding requirements when necessary.
LendingClub Bank Liquidity
The primary sources of LC Bank short-term liquidity include cash, unencumbered AFS debt securities, and unused borrowing capacity with the FRB and Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB). Additionally, customer deposits provide LC Bank with a significant source of relatively low-cost funds. The primary uses of LC Bank liquidity include the funding/acquisition of loans and securities purchases; withdrawals, maturities and the payment of interest on deposits; compensation and benefits expense; taxes; capital expenditures, including internally developed software, leasehold improvements and computer equipment; and costs associated with the continued development and support of our online lending marketplace platform.
Net capital expenditures were $69.5 million, or 6% of total net revenue and $32.6 million, or 4% of total net revenue, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Capital expenditures in 2023 are expected to be approximately $60 million, primarily related to costs associated with the continued development and support of our online lending marketplace platform, including regulatory compliance costs.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, cash and cash equivalents at LC Bank were $1.0 billion and $659.9 million and deposits were $6.4 billion and $3.2 billion, respectively. Outstanding PPPLF borrowings were $64.2 million and $271.9 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are collateralized by PPP loans originated by the Company. In addition, LC Bank has available FHLB of Des Moines secured borrowing capacity totaling $414.5 million and $173.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. LC Bank also has secured borrowing capacity available under the FRB Discount Window totaling $191.0 million and $75.2 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
LendingClub Holding Company Liquidity
The primary source of liquidity at the holding company is $56.5 million and $88.3 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Additionally, the holding company has the ability to access the capital markets through additional registrations and public equity offerings.
Uses of cash at the holding company include the routine cash flow requirements as a bank holding company, such as interest and expenses (including those associated with our office leases), the needs of LC Bank for additional equity and, as required, its need for debt financing and support for extraordinary funding requirements when necessary.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Factors Impacting Liquidity
The Company’s liquidity could be adversely impacted by deteriorating financial and market conditions, the inability or unwillingness of a creditor to provide funding, an idiosyncratic event (e.g., a major loss, causing a perceived or actual deterioration in its financial condition), an adverse systemic event (e.g., default or bankruptcy of a significant capital markets participant), or others.
We believe, based on our projections, that our cash on hand, AFS securities, available funds, and cash flow from operations are sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for the next twelve months, as well as beyond the next twelve months. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows” for additional detail regarding our cash flows.
Market Risk
Market risk represents the risk of potential losses arising from changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, commodity prices, and/or other relevant market rates or prices. The primary market risk to which we are exposed is interest rate risk. Interest rate risk arises from financial instruments including loans, securities and borrowings, all entered into for purposes other than trading.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
LendingClub Bank
Our net interest income is affected by changes in the level of interest rates, the impact of interest rate fluctuations on asset prepayments, and the level and composition of deposits and liabilities, among other factors.
Loans HFI at LC Bank are funded primarily through our deposit base. The majority of loans HFI are fixed-rate instruments over the term of the loans. As a result, the primary component of interest rate risk on our financial instruments at LC Bank arises from the impact of fluctuations in loan and deposit rates on our net interest income. Therefore, we use a sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of hypothetical changes in interest rates on our net interest income results. The outcome of the analysis is influenced by a variety of assumptions, including the maturity profile and prepayment level of our unsecured consumer loans and expected consumer responses to changes in rates paid on non-maturity deposit products. Our assumptions are periodically calibrated to observed data and/or expected outcomes.
The following table presents the change in projected net interest income for the next twelve months due to a hypothetical instantaneous parallel change in interest rates relative to current rates:
| December 31, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Instantaneous Change in Interest Rates: | |||||
| + 200 basis points | (6.9) | % | (0.8) | % | |
| + 100 basis points | (3.3) | % | (0.2) | % | |
| - 100 basis points | 1.9 | % | (0.2) | % | |
| - 200 basis points | 3.5 | % | N/M |
As illustrated in the table above, net interest income is projected to decrease over the next twelve months during rising interest rate environments primarily as a result of higher rates paid on interest-bearing deposits, partially offset by higher rates earned on new loans, investment purchases, and cash and cash equivalents. Conversely, net interest income is projected to increase over the next twelve months during hypothetical declining interest rate environments. The increase in sensitivity as of December 31, 2022 relative to the prior year is primarily due to the
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
composition of our loans and deposits. Furthermore, during fluctuating interest rate environments, the increased sensitivity of repricing interest-bearing deposits is more impactful than that of repricing fixed rate loans.
Although we believe that these measurements provide an estimate of our interest rate sensitivity, they do not account for potential changes in credit quality, balance sheet mix, size of our balance sheet, or other business developments that could affect net income. Actual results could differ materially from the estimated outcomes of our simulations.
Maturities
The following table presents the maturities of loans and leases held for investment at amortized cost and at fair value as of December 31, 2022:
| Due in 1 Year or Less | Due After 1 Year Through 5 Years | Due After 5 Years Through 15 Years | December 31, 2022 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unsecured personal | $ | 53,516 | $ | 4,627,585 | $ | 91,983 | $ | 4,773,084 | ||||||
| Residential mortgages | 1,202 | 7,780 | 190,619 | 199,601 | ||||||||||
| Secured consumer | 32 | 113,679 | 80,923 | 194,634 | ||||||||||
| Total consumer loans held for investment | 54,750 | 4,749,044 | 363,525 | 5,167,319 | ||||||||||
| Equipment finance | 5,052 | 117,154 | 38,113 | 160,319 | ||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | 28,284 | 80,115 | 265,102 | 373,501 | ||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | 7,703 | 88,964 | 142,059 | 238,726 | ||||||||||
| Total commercial loans and leases held for investment | 41,039 | 286,233 | 445,274 | 772,546 | ||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 95,789 | $ | 5,035,277 | $ | 808,799 | $ | 5,939,865 | ||||||
| Loans and leases due after one year at fixed interest rates | $ | — | $ | 4,969,142 | $ | 407,096 | $ | 5,376,238 | ||||||
| Loans and leases due after one year at variable interest rates | $ | — | $ | 66,135 | $ | 401,703 | $ | 467,838 |
For the contractual maturities and weighted-average yields on the Company’s AFS securities portfolio, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 5. Securities Available for Sale.”
LendingClub Holding Company
At the holding company level, we continue to measure interest rate sensitivity by evaluating the change in fair value of certain assets and liabilities due to a hypothetical change in interest rates. Principal payments on our loans HFI continue to reduce the outstanding balance of this portfolio, and, as a result, the fair value impact from changes in interest rates continues to diminish.
Contingencies
For a comprehensive discussion of contingencies as of December 31, 2022, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 19. Commitments and Contingencies.”
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our significant accounting policies are described in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” We consider certain of these policies to be critical accounting policies as they require significant management judgments, assumptions and estimates which we believe are critical in understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
judgments, estimates and assumptions are inherently subjective and actual results may materially differ from these estimates and assumptions.
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
Under the CECL model, we reserve for expected credit losses on our loan and lease portfolio when loans are initially recorded as HFI at amortized cost through the ALLL by using a DCF approach to calculate the NPV of expected cash flows. Loans accounted for under the fair value option do not have an ALLL. Changes in the credit risk profile of our loans and leases result in changes in “Provision for credit losses,” on the Income Statement with a resulting change, net of charge-offs and recoveries, in the ACL balance. The majority of our ALLL relates to unsecured personal loans.
The ALLL represents our estimate of expected lifetime credit losses over the contractual life of the loan portfolio. Our determination of the ALLL is based on regular and periodic evaluation of the loan portfolio considering a number of relevant underlying factors, including key assumptions and evaluation of quantitative and qualitative information from internal and external sources. Estimates of expected future loan losses are determined by using statistical models and management’s judgement. The models are designed to forecast probability and timing of default, loss rate exposure at default, recovery expectations, and timing and amount of estimated prepayments by correlating certain macroeconomic unemployment forecast data to historical experience. Our statistical models, applied at the portfolio level to pools of loans with similar risk characteristics, produce expected cash flows, which are then discounted at the effective interest rate to derive the NPV. The difference between the NPV and the amortized cost determines the ALLL. The effective interest rate is calculated based on the periodic interest income received from the loan’s contractual cash flows, which includes deferred origination fees and costs, to provide a constant rate of return over the contractual loan term. Under the DCF approach, the provision for credit losses includes credit loss expense in subsequent periods relating to the discounting effect due to the passage of time after the initial recognition of ALLL on originated HFI loans at amortized cost.
Our qualitative allowance is primarily based on macroeconomic unemployment forecast information provided by an external third-party economist, incorporating management’s judgement, and is included in the estimation of expected future expected credit losses. In addition, the qualitative allowance includes adjustments in circumstances where the statistical model output is inconsistent with management’s expectations relating to economic conditions and expected credit losses. Management may make adjustments as the assumptions in the underlying analyses change to reflect an estimate of expected lifetime loan losses and prepayments at the reporting date, based on the best information available at that time.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
FY 2021 10-K MD&A
SEC filing source: 0001409970-22-000006.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear in this Annual Report. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and in this Annual Report, particularly in “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors.”
Overview
LendingClub is America’s leading digital marketplace bank. The Company was founded in 2006 and brought a traditional credit product – the installment loan – into the digital age by leveraging technology, data science, and a unique marketplace model. In doing so, we became one of the largest providers of unsecured personal loans in the United States. In February 2021, LendingClub completed the acquisition of an award-winning digital bank, Radius, becoming a bank holding company and forming LC Bank as its wholly-owned subsidiary. We operate the vast majority of our business through LC Bank, as a lender and originator of loans and as a regulated bank in the United States.
Executive Summary
•Loan originations: Total loan originations for the year ended December 31, 2021 were $10.4 billion, improving 139% compared to the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by the growth in unsecured personal loan origination volume.
•Total net revenue: Total net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $818.6 million, improving 157% compared to the prior year and outpacing origination growth of 139%. The increase was primarily due to the growth in marketplace revenue and increased net interest income.
◦Marketplace revenue: Marketplace revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $578.6 million, improving 136% compared to the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by a higher volume of marketplace loans sold.
◦Net interest income: Net interest income for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $212.8 million, improving 259% compared to the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by an increase in unsecured personal loans retained in the HFI loan portfolio at amortized cost and low-cost deposit funding replacing higher-cost third-party warehouse funding.
•Provision for credit losses: Provision for credit losses for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $138.8 million compared to $3.4 million in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to the origination of unsecured personal loans retained as HFI at amortized cost and the impact from applying CECL to the HFI portfolio and to the Radius loans upon their acquisition.
•Total non-interest expense: Total non-interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $661.4 million, increasing 32% compared to the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by an increase in variable marketing expenses based on higher origination volume and an increase in headcount due to the Acquisition and hiring in key functions.
•Consolidated net income: Consolidated net income for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $18.6 million, compared to a loss of $(187.5) million in the prior year.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
•Loans and leases held for investment: Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance for loan and lease losses, were $2.8 billion at December 31, 2021.
•Deposits: Total deposits at December 31, 2021 were $3.1 billion and are in line with growth in loans and leases held for investment.
•Notable items: For the year ended December 31, 2021, consolidated net income of $18.6 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.18 were negatively impacted by $198.0 million of notable items (net of tax): $129.8 million of CECL provisioning, less net charge-offs, and $68.2 million of revenue deferrals, net of accretion, both driven by strong retained loan growth. These items reduced our diluted earnings per share by $1.94 in 2021.
The above summary should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in its entirety. For additional discussion related to our operating segments, see “Segment Information.”
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Financial Highlights
We regularly review several metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions. The following presents select financial metrics for the periods presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income | $ | 605,799 | $ | 258,756 | $ | 660,566 | ||||
| Net interest income | 212,831 | 59,328 | 98,041 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | $ | 818,630 | $ | 318,084 | $ | 758,607 | ||||
| Consolidated net income (loss) | $ | 18,580 | $ | (187,538) | $ | (30,690) | ||||
| Basic EPS | $ | 0.19 | $ | (2.63) | $ | (0.35) | ||||
| Diluted EPS | $ | 0.18 | $ | (2.63) | $ | (0.35) | ||||
| LendingClub Bank Performance Metrics: | ||||||||||
| Efficiency ratio (1) | 72.1 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||
| Return on Average Equity (ROE) | 17.0 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||
| Return on Average Total Assets (ROA) | 2.4 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||
| LendingClub Bank Capital Ratios: | ||||||||||
| CET1 1 Capital Ratio | 16.7 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||
| Tier 1 Leverage Ratio | 14.3 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||
| Consolidated LendingClub Corporation Performance Metrics: | ||||||||||
| Net interest margin | 5.6 | % | 3.0 | % | 3.6 | % | ||||
| Efficiency ratio (1) | 80.8 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||
| Marketing as a % of loan originations | 1.5 | % | 1.2 | % | 1.9 | % | ||||
| Loan Originations (in millions): | ||||||||||
| Marketplace loans | $ | 8,099 | $ | 4,343 | $ | 12,290 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment | 2,282 | — | — | |||||||
| Total loan originations | $ | 10,381 | $ | 4,343 | $ | 12,290 | ||||
| AUM (in millions) (2) | $ | 12,463 | $ | 11,002 | $ | 16,011 |
N/A – Not applicable
(1) Calculated as the ratio of non-interest expense to total net revenue.
(2) Assets under management (AUM) includes outstanding balances of unsecured personal loans and auto refinance loans serviced by the Company as of period end, including loans sold to investors as well as loans held for investment and held for sale by the Company.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment, net, excluding PPP loans | $ | 2,486,440 | $ | — | ||
| PPP loans | 268,297 | — | ||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment, net | $ | 2,754,737 | $ | — | ||
| Total assets | $ | 4,900,319 | $ | 1,863,293 | ||
| Total deposits | $ | 3,135,788 | $ | — | ||
| Total liabilities | $ | 4,050,077 | $ | 1,139,122 | ||
| Total equity | $ | 850,242 | $ | 724,171 | ||
| Allowance Ratios: | ||||||
| ALLL to total loans and leases held for investment | 5.0 | % | N/A | |||
| ALLL to total loans and leases held for investment, excluding PPP loans | 5.5 | % | N/A | |||
| ALLL to consumer loans and leases held for investment | 6.4 | % | N/A | |||
| ALLL to commercial loans and leases held for investment | 1.8 | % | N/A | |||
| ALLL to commercial loans and leases held for investment, excluding PPP loans | 2.6 | % | N/A |
N/A – Not applicable
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Results of Operations
This section of this Form 10-K generally discusses 2021 and 2020 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2021 and 2020. For discussion related to 2019 items and year-over-year comparisons between 2020 and 2019, see “Part II – Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
The following table sets forth the Income Statement data for each of the periods presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest income: | ||||||||||
| Marketplace revenue | $ | 578,580 | $ | 245,314 | $ | 646,735 | ||||
| Other non-interest income | 27,219 | 13,442 | 13,831 | |||||||
| Total non-interest income | 605,799 | 258,756 | 660,566 | |||||||
| Interest income: | ||||||||||
| Interest on loans held for sale | 29,540 | 72,876 | 109,493 | |||||||
| Interest and fees on loans and leases held for investment | 188,977 | — | — | |||||||
| Interest on retail and certificate loans held for investment at fair value | 57,684 | 115,952 | 214,395 | |||||||
| Interest on other loans held for investment at fair value | 4,436 | 7,688 | 1,104 | |||||||
| Interest on securities available for sale | 11,025 | 12,125 | 14,351 | |||||||
| Other interest income | 1,170 | 1,053 | 6,002 | |||||||
| Total interest income | 292,832 | 209,694 | 345,345 | |||||||
| Interest expense: | ||||||||||
| Interest on deposits | 7,228 | — | — | |||||||
| Interest on short-term borrowings | 3,677 | 17,837 | 26,826 | |||||||
| Interest on retail notes, certificates and secured borrowings | 57,684 | 115,952 | 214,395 | |||||||
| Interest on Structured Program borrowings | 9,638 | 16,204 | 5,070 | |||||||
| Interest on other long-term debt | 1,774 | 373 | 1,013 | |||||||
| Total interest expense | 80,001 | 150,366 | 247,304 | |||||||
| Net interest income | 212,831 | 59,328 | 98,041 | |||||||
| Total net revenue | 818,630 | 318,084 | 758,607 | |||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 138,800 | 3,382 | — | |||||||
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | 288,390 | 252,517 | 333,628 | |||||||
| Marketing | 156,142 | 51,518 | 235,337 | |||||||
| Equipment and software | 39,490 | 26,842 | 24,927 | |||||||
| Occupancy | 24,249 | 27,870 | 29,367 | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 44,285 | 54,030 | 59,152 | |||||||
| Professional services | 47,572 | 41,780 | 43,010 | |||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 61,258 | 47,762 | 64,077 | |||||||
| Total non-interest expense | 661,386 | 502,319 | 789,498 | |||||||
| Income (Loss) before income tax benefit | 18,444 | (187,617) | (30,891) | |||||||
| Income tax benefit | 136 | 79 | 201 | |||||||
| Consolidated net income (loss) | 18,580 | (187,538) | (30,690) | |||||||
| Less: Income attributable to noncontrolling interests | — | — | 55 | |||||||
| LendingClub net income (loss) | $ | 18,580 | $ | (187,538) | $ | (30,745) |
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Marketplace Revenue
Marketplace revenue consists of the following:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origination fees | $ | 416,839 | $ | 207,640 | $ | 209,199 | 101 | % | ||||||||
| Servicing fees | 87,639 | 111,864 | (24,225) | (22) | % | |||||||||||
| Gain on sales of loans | 70,116 | 30,812 | 39,304 | 128 | % | |||||||||||
| Net fair value adjustments (1) | 3,986 | (105,002) | 108,988 | N/M | ||||||||||||
| Total marketplace revenue | $ | 578,580 | $ | 245,314 | $ | 333,266 | 136 | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2020 | 2019 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origination fees | $ | 207,640 | $ | 598,760 | $ | (391,120) | (65) | % | ||||||||
| Servicing fees | 111,864 | 124,532 | (12,668) | (10) | % | |||||||||||
| Gain on sales of loans | 30,812 | 67,716 | (36,904) | (54) | % | |||||||||||
| Net fair value adjustments (1) | (105,002) | (144,273) | 39,271 | (27) | % | |||||||||||
| Total marketplace revenue | $ | 245,314 | $ | 646,735 | $ | (401,421) | (62) | % |
N/M Not meaningful.
(1) Certain prior period valuation adjustments on available for sale (AFS) securities and Structured Program transactions were reclassified from net fair value adjustments to provision for credit losses and interest expense, respectively, to conform to the current period presentation.
Origination Fees
Origination fees recorded as a component of marketplace revenue are primarily fees earned related to originating and issuing unsecured personal loans that are held for sale. In addition, origination fees include transaction fees that were paid to the Company by issuing bank partners or education and patient service providers for the work performed in facilitating the origination of loans by the issuing banks. Following the Acquisition, LC Bank became the originator and lender for the majority of unsecured personal loans and all auto refinance loans.
The following table presents loan origination volume during each of the periods set forth below:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marketplace loans | $ | 8,099,109 | $ | 4,343,411 | $ | 12,290,093 | ||||
| Loan originations held for investment | 2,282,206 | — | — | |||||||
| Total loan originations | $ | 10,381,315 | $ | 4,343,411 | $ | 12,290,093 |
Origination fees were $416.8 million and $207.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, an increase of 101%. The increase was due to higher origination volume of marketplace loans, partially offset by the deferral of origination fees on loans held for investment. Loan origination volume of marketplace loans increased to $8.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $4.3 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020, an increase of 86%.
Servicing Fees
The Company receives servicing fees to compensate it for servicing loans on behalf of investors, including managing payments from borrowers, collections and payments to those investors. Servicing fee revenue related to loans sold also includes the change in fair value of servicing assets associated with the loans.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The table below illustrates AUM serviced on our platform by the method in which the loans were financed. Loans sold and subsequently serviced on behalf of the investor represent a key driver of our servicing fee revenue.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUM (in millions): | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans sold | $ | 10,124 | $ | 10,139 | $ | (15) | — | % | ||||||||
| Retail notes, certificates and secured borrowings | 238 | 680 | (442) | (65) | % | |||||||||||
| Loans HFI by LendingClub Bank | 2,026 | — | 2,026 | N/M | ||||||||||||
| Other loans invested in by the Company | 75 | 183 | (108) | (59) | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 12,463 | $ | 11,002 | $ | 1,461 | 13 | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2020 | 2019 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUM (in millions): | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans sold | $ | 10,139 | $ | 14,118 | $ | (3,979) | (28) | % | ||||||||
| Retail notes, certificates and secured borrowings | 680 | 1,149 | (469) | (41) | % | |||||||||||
| Other loans invested in by the Company | 183 | 744 | (561) | (75) | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 11,002 | $ | 16,011 | $ | (5,009) | (31) | % |
In addition to the loans serviced on our platform, the Company earns servicing fee revenue on $214.0 million in outstanding principal balance of commercial loans sold as of December 31, 2021.
Servicing fees were $87.6 million and $111.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, a decrease of 22%. The decrease was due to lower average loan balances serviced in 2021 compared to the prior year, as origination volume was lower in 2020 as compared to 2019 due to the impact of COVID-19.
Gain on Sales of Loans
In connection with loan sales the Company recognizes a gain or loss on the sale of loans based on the level to which the contractual servicing fee is above or below an estimated market rate of servicing. Additionally, the Company recognizes any transaction costs, if any, as a loss on sale of loans.
Gain on sales of loans was $70.1 million and $30.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, an increase of 128%. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the volume of marketplace loans sold.
Net Fair Value Adjustments
The Company records fair value adjustments on loans that are recorded at fair value, including gains or losses from sale prices in excess of or less than the loan principal amount sold.
Net fair value adjustments were $4.0 million and $(105.0) million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, an improvement of $109.0 million. The improvement was primarily associated with negative fair value adjustments recorded in the first quarter of 2020 due to COVID-19, which included an increase in estimated expected credit losses and an increase in liquidity premiums.
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LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Other Non-interest Income
Other non-interest income primarily consists of referral revenue that relates to fees earned from third-party companies when customers referred by us consider or purchase products or services from such third-party companies. The table below illustrates the composition of other non-interest income for each period presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Referral revenue | $ | 14,234 | $ | 5,011 | $ | 9,223 | 184 | % | ||||||||
| Realized gains (losses) on sales of securities available for sale and other investments | (93) | 11 | (104) | N/M | ||||||||||||
| Other | 13,078 | 8,420 | 4,658 | 55 | % | |||||||||||
| Other non-interest income | $ | 27,219 | $ | 13,442 | $ | 13,777 | 102 | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2020 | 2019 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Referral revenue | $ | 5,011 | $ | 5,474 | $ | (463) | (8) | % | ||||||
| Realized gains (losses) on sales of securities available for sale and other investments | 11 | (8) | 19 | N/M | ||||||||||
| Other | 8,420 | 8,365 | 55 | 1 | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest income | $ | 13,442 | $ | 13,831 | $ | (389) | (3) | % |
Net Interest Income
The table below presents net interest income information corresponding to interest-earning assets and interest-bearing funding sources on a consolidated basis for the Company.
| Year Ended December 31(1), | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 754,920 | $ | 1,170 | 0.16 | % | $ | 395,734 | $ | 1,053 | 0.27 | % | $ | 257,185 | $ | 6,002 | 2.33 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Securities available for sale at fair value | 288,545 | 11,025 | 3.82 | % | 217,189 | 12,125 | 5.58 | % | 221,166 | 14,351 | 6.49 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | 218,349 | 29,540 | 13.53 | % | 489,750 | 72,876 | 14.88 | % | 725,901 | 109,493 | 15.08 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured personal loans | 863,266 | 122,807 | 15.52 | % | — | — | — | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured consumer loans | 485,195 | 17,105 | 3.85 | % | — | — | — | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial loans and leases | 617,483 | 30,731 | 5.43 | % | — | — | — | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| PPP loans | 487,435 | 18,334 | 4.10 | % | — | — | — | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment | 2,453,379 | 188,977 | 8.40 | % | — | — | — | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail and certificate loans held for investment at fair value | 406,406 | 57,684 | 14.19 | % | 815,255 | 115,952 | 14.20 | % | 1,480,588 | 214,395 | 14.45 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other loans held for investment at fair value | 34,938 | 4,436 | 12.70 | % | 60,093 | 7,688 | 12.79 | % | 10,788 | 1,104 | 10.23 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-earning assets | 4,156,537 | 292,832 | 7.46 | % | 1,978,021 | 209,694 | 10.59 | % | 2,695,628 | 345,345 | 12.79 | % |
56
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
| Year Ended December 31(1), | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest Income/ Expense | Average Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks and restricted cash | 112,012 | 114,105 | 251,777 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | (77,223) | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-interest earning assets | 426,323 | 339,746 | 376,252 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 4,617,649 | $ | 2,431,872 | $ | 3,323,657 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Checking and money market accounts | 2,071,640 | 5,954 | 0.31 | % | — | — | — | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||
| Savings accounts and certificates of deposit | 383,447 | 1,274 | 0.36 | % | — | — | — | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits | 2,455,087 | 7,228 | 0.32 | % | — | — | — | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||
| Short-term borrowings | 68,032 | 3,677 | 5.40 | % | 387,958 | 17,837 | 4.60 | % | 461,183 | 26,826 | 5.82 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Advances from PPPLF | 365,976 | 1,183 | 0.35 | % | — | — | — | % | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||
| Retail notes, certificates and secured borrowings | 407,471 | 57,684 | 14.16 | % | 816,010 | 115,952 | 14.21 | % | 1,486,715 | 214,395 | 14.45 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Structured Program borrowings | 110,579 | 9,638 | 8.72 | % | 162,688 | 16,204 | 9.96 | % | 100,747 | 5,070 | 5.03 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Other long-term debt | 16,355 | 591 | 3.61 | % | 6,824 | 373 | 5.47 | % | 20,777 | 1,013 | 4.88 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | 3,423,500 | 80,001 | 2.36 | % | 1,373,480 | 150,366 | 10.95 | % | 2,069,422 | 247,304 | 11.97 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Non-interest bearing deposits | 126,982 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | 289,163 | 272,164 | 372,954 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 3,839,645 | $ | 1,645,644 | $ | 2,442,376 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total equity | $ | 778,004 | $ | 786,228 | $ | 881,281 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 4,617,649 | $ | 2,431,872 | $ | 3,323,657 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate spread | 5.10 | % | (0.36) | % | 0.82 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income and net interest margin | $ | 212,831 | 5.56 | % | $ | 59,328 | 3.00 | % | $ | 98,041 | 3.64 | % |
(1) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation and methodology, which includes non-interest earning assets, non-interest bearing liabilities and equity.
(2) Nonaccrual loans and any related income are included in their respective loan categories.
57
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
An analysis of the year-to-year changes in the categories of interest revenue and interest expense resulting from changes in volume and rate is as follows:
| 2021 Compared to 2020 | 2020 Compared to 2019 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in: | Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in: | |||||||||||||||||
| Average Volume(1) | Average Rate(1) | Total | Average Volume(1) | Average Rate(1) | Total | |||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 682 | $ | (565) | $ | 117 | $ | 2,150 | $ | (7,099) | $ | (4,949) | ||||||
| Securities available for sale at fair value | 3,342 | (4,442) | (1,100) | (254) | (1,972) | (2,226) | ||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | (37,233) | (6,103) | (43,336) | (35,159) | (1,458) | (36,617) | ||||||||||||
| Loans and leases held for investment | 188,977 | — | 188,977 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Retail and certificate loans held for investment at fair value | (58,194) | (74) | (58,268) | (94,827) | (3,616) | (98,443) | ||||||||||||
| Other loans held for investment at fair value | (3,195) | (57) | (3,252) | 6,242 | 342 | 6,584 | ||||||||||||
| Total increase (decrease) in interest income on interest-earning assets | $ | 94,379 | $ | (11,241) | $ | 83,138 | $ | (121,848) | $ | (13,803) | $ | (135,651) | ||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||
| Checking and money market accounts | $ | 5,954 | $ | — | $ | 5,954 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
| Savings accounts and certificates of deposit | 1,274 | — | 1,274 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits | 7,228 | — | 7,228 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Short-term borrowings | (16,837) | 2,677 | (14,160) | (3,875) | (5,114) | (8,989) | ||||||||||||
| Advances from PPPLF | 1,183 | — | 1,183 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Retail notes, certificates and secured borrowings | (57,838) | (430) | (58,268) | (94,932) | (3,511) | (98,443) | ||||||||||||
| Structured Program borrowings | (4,723) | (1,843) | (6,566) | 4,294 | 6,840 | 11,134 | ||||||||||||
| Other long-term debt | 379 | (161) | 218 | (750) | 110 | (640) | ||||||||||||
| Total increase (decrease) in interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities | $ | (70,608) | $ | 243 | $ | (70,365) | $ | (95,263) | $ | (1,675) | $ | (96,938) | ||||||
| Increase (decrease) in net interest income | $ | 164,987 | $ | (11,484) | $ | 153,503 | $ | (26,585) | $ | (12,128) | $ | (38,713) |
(1) Volume and rate changes have been allocated on a consistent basis using the respective percentage changes in average balances and average rates.
58
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Provision for Credit Losses
The allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL) for lifetime expected losses under CECL on HFI loans and leases is initially recognized as “Provision for credit losses” at the time of origination. The ALLL is estimated using a DCF approach, where effective interest rates are used to calculate the net present value of expected cash flows. The net present value from the DCF approach is then compared to the amortized cost basis of the loans and leases to derive expected credit losses. The provision for credit losses includes the credit loss expense for HFI loans and leases, AFS securities and unfunded lending commitments. The table below illustrates the composition of the provision for credit losses for each period presented:
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit loss expense for Radius loans at acquisition | $ | 6,929 | $ | — | ||
| Credit loss expense for loans and leases held for investment | 134,022 | — | ||||
| Credit loss expense for unfunded lending commitments | 1,231 | — | ||||
| Total credit loss expense | 142,182 | — | ||||
| (Reversal of) Impairment on securities available for sale | (3,382) | 3,382 | ||||
| Total provision for credit losses | $ | 138,800 | $ | 3,382 |
The provision for credit losses was $138.8 million and $3.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The increase was primarily due to the origination of unsecured personal loans retained as HFI at amortized cost and the impact from applying CECL to the HFI portfolio and to the Radius loans upon their acquisition, partially offset by reversal of impairment originally recorded in the AFS securities portfolio in the prior year.
The allowance for credit losses (ACL) totaled $145.6 million at December 31, 2021, comprised of an ALLL of $144.4 million and a reserve for unfunded lending commitments of $1.2 million. Unsecured personal loans are charged-off when a borrower is (i) contractually 120 days past due or (ii) two payments past due and has filed for bankruptcy or is deceased.
The activity in the ACL was as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, 2021 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period | $ | — | |
| Credit loss expense for loans and leases held for investment | 140,951 | ||
| Initial allowance for purchased credit deteriorated (PCD) loans acquired during the period(1) | 12,440 | ||
| Charge-offs | (10,452) | ||
| Recoveries | 1,450 | ||
| Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period | $ | 144,389 | |
| Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period | $ | — | |
| Credit loss expense for unfunded lending commitments | 1,231 | ||
| Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, end of period (2) | $ | 1,231 |
(1) For acquired PCD loans, an ACL of $30.4 million was required with a corresponding increase to the amortized cost basis as of the acquisition date. For PCD loans where all or a portion of the loan balance had been previously written-off, or would be subject to write-off under the Company’s charge-off policy, an ACL of $18.0 million included as part of the grossed-up loan balance at acquisition was immediately written-off. The net impact to the allowance for PCD assets on the acquisition date was $12.4 million.
(2) Relates to $110.8 million of unfunded commitments.
59
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The ALLL represented 5.0% of total loans and leases HFI as of December 31, 2021, or 5.5% of total loans and leases HFI excluding PPP loans. Average loans and leases HFI were $2.5 billion during the year ended December 31, 2021. Net charge-offs represented 0.4% of average loans and leases HFI during the year ended December 31, 2021.
For additional information on the ACL, see“ Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” and “Note 6. Loans and Leases Held for Investment, Net of Allowance For Loan and Lease Losses.”
The following table presents nonaccrual loans and leases (1):
| December 31, 2021 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Unsecured personal | $ | 1,676 |
| Residential mortgages | 1,373 | |
| Secured consumer | 3,011 | |
| Total nonaccrual consumer loans held for investment | 6,060 | |
| Equipment finance | 603 | |
| Commercial real estate | 989 | |
| Commercial and industrial | 2,333 | |
| Total nonaccrual commercial loans and leases held for investment | 3,925 | |
| Total nonaccrual loans and leases held for investment | $ | 9,985 |
(1) Excluding PPP loans, there were no loans that were 90 days or more past due and accruing as of December 31, 2021.
Nonaccrual loans and leases represented 0.3% of total loans and leases HFI, or 0.4% of total loans and leases HFI excluding PPP loans, as of December 31, 2021. The ALLL represented 1446% of nonaccrual loans and leases as of December 31, 2021.
60
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Non-interest Expense
Non-interest expense primarily consists of (i) compensation and benefits, which include salaries and wages, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, (ii) marketing, which includes costs attributable to borrower acquisition efforts and building general brand awareness, (iii) equipment and software, (iv) occupancy, which includes rent expense and all other costs related to occupying our office spaces, (v) depreciation and amortization and (vi) professional services, which primarily consist of legal and accounting fees.
| Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 288,390 | $ | 252,517 | $ | 35,873 | 14 | % | ||||||
| Marketing | 156,142 | 51,518 | 104,624 | 203 | % | |||||||||
| Equipment and software | 39,490 | 26,842 | 12,648 | 47 | % | |||||||||
| Occupancy | 24,249 | 27,870 | (3,621) | (13) | % | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 44,285 | 54,030 | (9,745) | (18) | % | |||||||||
| Professional services | 47,572 | 41,780 | 5,792 | 14 | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 61,258 | 47,762 | 13,496 | 28 | % | |||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 661,386 | $ | 502,319 | $ | 159,067 | 32 | % |
| Year Ended December 31, | 2020 | 2019 | Change ($) | Change (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 252,517 | $ | 333,628 | $ | (81,111) | (24) | % | ||||||
| Marketing | 51,518 | 235,337 | (183,819) | (78) | % | |||||||||
| Equipment and software | 26,842 | 24,927 | 1,915 | 8 | % | |||||||||
| Occupancy | 27,870 | 29,367 | (1,497) | (5) | % | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 54,030 | 59,152 | (5,122) | (9) | % | |||||||||
| Professional services | 41,780 | 43,010 | (1,230) | (3) | % | |||||||||
| Other non-interest expense | 47,762 | 64,077 | (16,315) | (25) | % | |||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 502,319 | $ | 789,498 | $ | (287,179) | (36) | % |
Compensation and benefits expense was $288.4 million and $252.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, an increase of 14%. The increase was primarily due to an increase in headcount due to the Acquisition and hiring in key functions during 2021. In addition, compensation and benefits expense in 2020 was impacted by salary and headcount reductions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Marketing expense was $156.1 million and $51.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and increase of 203%. The increase was primarily due to an increase in variable marketing expenses based on higher origination volume, partially offset by the deferral of applicable marketing expenses for HFI loans.
Equipment and software expense was $39.5 million and $26.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, an increase of 47%. The increase was primarily due to an increase in expenses associated with the integration of Radius.
Occupancy expense was $24.2 million and $27.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, a decrease of 13%. The decrease was primarily due to lease impairment expenses in the prior year resulting from the impact of COVID-19.
61
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Depreciation and amortization expense was $44.3 million and $54.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, a decrease of 18%. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in internally-developed software impairment and depreciation expense in 2021 compared to 2020, partially offset by an increase in the amortization of intangible assets resulting from the Acquisition.
Professional services were $47.6 million and $41.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, an increase of 14%. The increase was primarily due to an increase in professional fees associated with the Acquisition.
Income Taxes
For the year ended December 31, 2021, we recorded an income tax benefit of $136 thousand primarily related to a tax benefit associated with the Acquisition, partially offset by income tax expense for state jurisdictions that limit net operating loss utilization. For the year ended December 31, 2020, we recorded an income tax benefit of $79 thousand primarily attributable to current state income taxes.
We continue to recognize a full valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets. This determination was based on the assessment of the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize the existing deferred tax assets. We intend to continue maintaining a full valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets until there is sufficient evidence to support the future realization of all or some portion of these deferred tax assets. Our recent and forecast profitability are examples of positive evidence that we are assessing in determining the amount of the valuation allowance required. Changes to deferred tax asset valuation allowances and liabilities related to uncertain tax positions are recorded as current period income tax expense.
Income taxes are recorded on a separate entity basis whereby each operating segment determines income tax expense or benefit as if it filed a separate tax return. Differences between separate entity and consolidated tax returns are eliminated upon consolidation.
Segment Information
The Company defines operating segments to be components of the Company for which discrete financial information is evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer to allocate resources and evaluate financial performance. This information is reviewed according to the legal organizational structure of the Company’s operations with products and services presented separately for the parent bank holding company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, LC Bank.
LendingClub Bank
The LC Bank operating segment represents the national bank legal entity and reflects post-Acquisition operating activities. This segment provides a full complement of financial products and solutions, including loans, leases and deposits. It originates loans to individuals and businesses, retains loans for investment, sells loans to investors and manages relationships with deposit holders.
LendingClub Corporation (Parent Only)
The LendingClub Corporation (parent only) operating segment represents the holding company legal entity and predominately reflects the operations of the Company prior to the Acquisition. This activity includes, but is not limited to, the purchase and sale of loans and issuances of education and patient finance loans that were originated by issuing bank partners.
62
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Financial information for the segments is presented in the following table:
| LendingClub Bank | LendingClub Corporation (Parent only) | Intercompany Eliminations | Consolidated Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eleven Months Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | Eleven Months Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2021 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketplace revenue | $ | 462,821 | $ | 115,759 | $ | 245,314 | $ | 646,735 | $ | — | $ | 578,580 | $ | 245,314 | $ | 646,735 | ||||||||||||||
| Other non-interest income | 94,953 | 16,718 | 13,442 | 13,831 | (84,452) | 27,219 | 13,442 | 13,831 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest income | 557,774 | 132,477 | 258,756 | 660,566 | (84,452) | 605,799 | 258,756 | 660,566 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 210,739 | 82,093 | 209,694 | 345,345 | — | 292,832 | 209,694 | 345,345 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (8,412) | (71,589) | (150,366) | (247,304) | — | (80,001) | (150,366) | (247,304) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | 202,327 | 10,504 | 59,328 | 98,041 | — | 212,831 | 59,328 | 98,041 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue | 760,101 | 142,981 | 318,084 | 758,607 | (84,452) | 818,630 | 318,084 | 758,607 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reversal of (provision for) credit losses | (142,182) | 3,382 | (3,382) | — | — | (138,800) | (3,382) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-interest expense | (547,799) | (198,039) | (502,319) | (789,498) | 84,452 | (661,386) | (502,319) | (789,498) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (Loss) before income tax benefit (expense) | 70,120 | (51,676) | (187,617) | (30,891) | — | 18,444 | (187,617) | (30,891) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | 9,171 | 44,013 | 79 | 201 | (53,048) | 136 | 79 | 201 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated net income (loss) | $ | 79,291 | $ | (7,663) | $ | (187,538) | $ | (30,690) | $ | (53,048) | $ | 18,580 | $ | (187,538) | $ | (30,690) |
The Company integrated the Acquisition into its reportable segments in the first quarter of 2021. As the Company’s reportable segments are based on legal organizational structure and LC Bank was formed upon the Acquisition, an analysis of the Company’s results of operations and material trends for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 is provided on a consolidated basis in “Results of Operations.”
Supervision and Regulatory Environment
We are regularly subject to claims, individual and class action lawsuits, lawsuits alleging regulatory violations. Further, we are subject to periodic exams, investigations, inquiries or requests, enforcement actions and other proceedings from federal and state regulatory agencies, including the federal banking regulators that directly regulate the Company and/or LC Bank. The number and significance of these claims, lawsuits, exams, investigations, inquiries, requests and proceedings have been increasing in part because our products and services have been increasing in scope and complexity and in part because we have become a bank holding company operating a national bank. Although historically the Company has generally resolved these matters in a manner that was not materially adverse to its financial results or business operations, no assurance can be given as to the timing, outcome or consequences of any of these matters in the future.
63
LENDINGCLUB CORPORATION
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
Regulatory Actions Taken in Relation to COVID-19
Regulators and government officials at the federal government level and in states across the country have issued orders, passed laws or otherwise issued guidance in connection with COVID-19. Some of these orders and laws have placed restrictions on debt collection activity, all or certain types of communications with delinquent borrowers or others, required that borrowers be allowed to defer payments on outstanding debt, governed credit reporting and the use of credit reporting, and placed certain restrictions and requirements on operations in the workplace. We have taken steps to monitor regulatory developments relating to COVID-19 and to comply with orders and laws applicable to our business. Given the ongoing nature of the pandemic, it is possible that additional orders, laws, or regulatory guidance may still be issued. We are not able to predict the extent of the impact on our business from any regulatory activity relating to or resulting from COVID-19.
Federal Banking Regulator Supervision
Since our acquisition of Radius, we are subject to supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by multiple federal banking regulatory bodies. Specifically, as a bank holding company, the Company is subject to ongoing and comprehensive supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by the FRB. Further, as a national bank, LC Bank is subject to ongoing and comprehensive supervision, regulation, examination and enforcement by the OCC. Accordingly, we have been and continue to invest in regulatory compliance and be subject to certain parameters, obligations and/or limitations set forth by the banking regulations and regulators with respect to the operation of our business.
Consequences
If we are found to not have complied with applicable laws, regulations or requirements, we could: (i) lose one or more of our licenses or authorizations, (ii) become subject to a consent order or administrative enforcement action, (iii) face lawsuits (including class action lawsuits), sanctions, penalties, or other monetary losses due to judgments, orders, or settlements, (iv) be in breach of certain contracts, which may void or cancel such contracts, (v) decide or be compelled to modify or suspend certain of our business practices, (vi) be unable to execute on certain Company initiatives, or (vii) be required to obtain a license in such jurisdiction, which may have an adverse effect on our ability to operate and/or evolve our lending marketplace and other products and/or services; any of which may harm our business or financial results.
See “Part I – Item 1. Business – Regulation and Supervision,” “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Regulation, Supervision and Compliance,” and “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Operating Our Business” of this Annual Report for further discussion regarding our supervision and regulatory environment.
Capital Management
The prudent management of capital is fundamental to the successful achievement of our business initiatives. We actively manage capital through a process that continuously assesses and monitors the Company’s overall capital adequacy. Our objective is to maintain capital at an amount commensurate with our risk profile and risk tolerance objectives, and to meet both regulatory and market expectations.
The formation of LC Bank as a nationally chartered association and the organization of the Company as a bank holding company subjects us to various capital adequacy guidelines issued by the OCC and the FRB, including the requirement to maintain regulatory capital ratios in accordance with the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision standardized approach for U.S. banking organizations (U.S. Basel III). As a U.S. Basel III standardized approach institution, we selected the one-time election to opt-out of the requirements to include all the components of accumulated other comprehensive income included in common stockholder’s equity. The minimum capital
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(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
requirements under the U.S. Basel III capital framework are: a CET1 risk-based capital ratio of 4.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%. Additionally, a Capital Conservation Buffer (CCB) of 2.5% must be maintained above the minimum risk-based capital requirements in order to avoid certain limitations on capital distributions, stock repurchases, and certain discretionary bonus payments. In addition to these guidelines, the banking regulators may require a banking organization to maintain capital at levels higher than the minimum ratios prescribed under the U.S. Basel III capital framework. In this regard, and unless otherwise directed by the FRB and the OCC, we have made commitments for the Company and LC Bank (until February 2024) to maintain a CET1 risk-based capital ratio of 11.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio above 11.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio above 13.0%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 11.0%. See “Part I – Item 1. Business – Regulation and Supervision – Regulatory Capital Requirements and Prompt Corrective Action” and “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 20. Regulatory Requirements” of this Annual Report for additional information.
The following table summarizes LC Bank’s regulatory capital amounts and ratios (in millions):
| LendingClub Bank | Required Minimum plus Required CCB forNon-Leverage Ratios | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 31, 2021 | Amount | Ratio | |||||||
| CET1 capital (1) | $ | 523.7 | 16.7 | % | 7.0 | % | |||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 523.7 | 16.7 | % | 8.5 | % | |||
| Total capital | $ | 563.7 | 18.0 | % | 10.5 | % | |||
| Tier 1 leverage | $ | 523.7 | 14.3 | % | 4.0 | % | |||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 3,130.4 | N/A | N/A | |||||
| Quarterly adjusted average assets | $ | 3,667.7 | N/A | N/A |
N/A – Not applicable
(1) Consists of common stockholders’ equity as defined under U.S. GAAP and certain adjustments made in accordance with regulatory capital guidelines, including the addition of the CECL transitional benefit and deductions for goodwill and other intangible assets.
The following table presents the regulatory capital and ratios of the Company (in millions):
| LendingClub | Required Minimum plus Required CCB for Non-Leverage Ratios | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 31, 2021 | Amount | Ratio | |||||||
| CET1 capital (1) | $ | 710.0 | 21.3 | % | 7.0 | % | |||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 710.0 | 21.3 | % | 8.5 | % | |||
| Total capital | $ | 767.9 | 23.0 | % | 10.5 | % | |||
| Tier 1 leverage | $ | 710.0 | 16.5 | % | 4.0 | % | |||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 3,333.2 | N/A | N/A | |||||
| Quarterly adjusted average assets | $ | 4,301.7 | N/A | N/A |
N/A – Not applicable
(1) Consists of common stockholders’ equity as defined under U.S. GAAP and certain adjustments made in accordance with regulatory capital guidelines, including the addition of the CECL transitional benefit and deductions for goodwill and other intangible assets.
The higher risk-based capital ratios for the Company reflect generally lower risk-weights for assets held by LendingClub Corporation as compared with LC Bank.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the FRB, OCC, and FDIC adopted a final rule related to the regulatory capital treatment of the allowance for credit losses under CECL. As permitted by the rule, the Company elected to
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
delay the estimated impact of CECL on regulatory capital through 2021. As a result, a capital benefit of $35.5 million was included in the computation of the Company’s CET1 capital at December 31, 2021. Beginning on January 1, 2022, this benefit will be phased out over a three-year transition period at a rate of 25% each year through January 1, 2025.
Liquidity
We manage liquidity to meet our cash flow and collateral obligations in a timely manner at a reasonable cost. We must maintain operating liquidity to meet our expected daily and forecasted cash flow requirements, as well as contingent liquidity to meet unexpected funding requirements.
As our primary business at LC Bank involves taking deposits and making loans, a key role of liquidity management is to ensure that customers have timely access to funds from deposits and for loans. Liquidity management also involves maintaining sufficient liquidity to repay wholesale borrowings, pay operating expenses and support extraordinary funding requirements when necessary.
LendingClub Bank Liquidity
The primary sources of LC Bank short-term liquidity include cash, unencumbered AFS debt securities, and unused borrowing capacity with the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB). LC Bank also relies on our deposit base to generate liquidity over time. The primary uses of LC Bank liquidity include withdrawals and maturities of deposits; payment of interest on deposits; funding of loans and securities purchases; compensation and benefits expense; taxes; capital expenditures, including internally developed software, leasehold improvements and computer equipment; and costs associated with the continued development and support of our online lending marketplace platform.
Net capital expenditures were $34.4 million, or 4% of total net revenue, $31.1 million, or 10% of total net revenue and $50.7 million, or 7% of total net revenue, for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Capital expenditures in 2022 are expected to be approximately $50 million, primarily related to costs associated with the continued development and support of our online lending marketplace platform, including regulatory compliance costs.
As of December 31, 2021, cash and cash equivalents at LC Bank were $659.9 million and deposits were $3.2 billion. Outstanding PPPLF borrowings were $271.9 million at December 31, 2021 and are collateralized by PPP loans originated by the Company. In addition, LC Bank has available Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines secured borrowing capacity totaling $173.4 million. LC Bank also has secured borrowing capacity available under the FRB Discount Window totaling $75.2 million.
LendingClub Holding Company Liquidity
The primary source of liquidity at the holding company is $88.3 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2021. Additionally, the holding company has the ability to access the capital markets through additional registrations and public equity offerings.
Uses of cash at the holding company include the routine cash flow requirements as a bank holding company, such as interest and expenses (including those associated with our office leases), the needs of LC Bank for additional equity and, as required, its need for debt financing and support for extraordinary funding requirements when necessary.
Factors Impacting Liquidity
The Company’s liquidity could be adversely impacted by deteriorating financial and market conditions, the inability or unwillingness of a creditor to provide funding, an idiosyncratic event (e.g., a major loss, causing a perceived or
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(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
actual deterioration in its financial condition), an adverse systemic event (e.g., default or bankruptcy of a significant capital markets participant), or others.
We believe, based on our projections, that our cash on hand, AFS securities, available funds, and cash flow from operations is sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for the next twelve months, as well as beyond the next twelve months. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows” for additional detail regarding our cash flows.
Market Risk
Market risk represents the risk of potential losses arising from changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, commodity prices, and/or other relevant market rates or prices. The primary market risk to which we are exposed is interest rate risk. Interest rate risk arises from financial instruments including loans, securities and borrowings, all entered into for purposes other than trading.
Our net interest income is affected by changes in the level of interest rates, the relationship between rates, the impact of interest rate fluctuations on asset prepayments, and the level and composition of deposits and liabilities.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
LendingClub Bank
Loans HFI at LC Bank are funded primarily through our deposit base, and the majority of loans on LC Bank’s balance sheet, at any point in time, are retained in the HFI portfolio and accounted for at amortized cost. As a result, the primary component of interest rate risk on our financial instruments at LC Bank arises from the impact of fluctuations in loan and deposit rates on our net interest income. Therefore, we measure this sensitivity by assessing the impact of hypothetical changes in interest rates on our net interest income results.
The following table presents the change in projected net interest income for the next twelve months due to a hypothetical instantaneous parallel change in interest rates relative to current rates as of December 31, 2021:
| 200 basis point increase | (0.8) | % |
|---|---|---|
| 100 basis point decrease | (0.2) | % |
The impact of these hypothetical interest rate changes are not significant to LC Bank’s net interest income. Non-maturity deposit rates at December 31, 2021 are significantly below the 100 basis point hypothetical interest rate reduction which results in an insignificant negative impact to net interest income.
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(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The following table presents the maturities of loans and leases held for investment as of December 31, 2021:
| Due in 1 Year or Less | Due After 1 Year Through 5 Years | Due After 5 Years Through 15 Years | December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unsecured personal | $ | — | $ | 1,801,803 | $ | 2,775 | $ | 1,804,578 | ||||||
| Residential mortgages | 1,542 | 2,287 | 147,533 | 151,362 | ||||||||||
| Secured consumer | 10 | 32,630 | 33,336 | 65,976 | ||||||||||
| Total consumer loans held for investment | 1,552 | 1,836,720 | 183,644 | 2,021,916 | ||||||||||
| Equipment finance | 10,791 | 100,970 | 37,394 | 149,155 | ||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | 18,949 | 68,271 | 223,179 | 310,399 | ||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | 35,766 | 266,889 | 115,001 | 417,656 | ||||||||||
| Total commercial loans and leases held for investment | 65,506 | 436,130 | 375,574 | 877,210 | ||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 67,058 | $ | 2,272,850 | $ | 559,218 | $ | 2,899,126 | ||||||
| Loans and leases due after one year at fixed interest rates | $ | — | $ | 2,219,619 | $ | 202,409 | $ | 2,422,028 | ||||||
| Loans and leases due after one year at variable interest rates | $ | — | $ | 53,231 | $ | 356,809 | $ | 410,040 |
For the weighted-average yields on the Company’s AFS securities portfolio, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 5. Securities Available for Sale.”
LendingClub Holding Company
At the holding company level, we continue to measure interest rate sensitivity by evaluating the change in fair value of certain assets and liabilities due to a hypothetical change in interest rates. Principal payments on our loans HFI continue to reduce the outstanding balance of this portfolio, and, as a result, the fair value impact from changes in interest rates continues to diminish.
Contingencies
For a comprehensive discussion of contingencies as of December 31, 2021, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 19. Commitments and Contingencies.”
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our significant accounting policies are described in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” We consider certain of these policies to be critical accounting policies as they require significant judgments, assumptions and estimates which we believe are critical in understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These judgments, estimates and assumptions are inherently subjective and actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions, and the differences could be material.
Allowance for Credit Losses
We reserve for expected credit losses on our loan and lease portfolio through the ALLL and for expected credit losses in our unfunded lending commitments through “Other liabilities.” Changes in the ACL are reflected on the Income Statement through “Provision for credit losses.” Changes in the credit risk profile of our loans and leases result in changes in “Provision for credit losses” with a resulting change, net of charge-offs and recoveries, in the ACL balance.
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(Tabular Amounts in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data and Ratios, or as Noted)
The ACL represents our estimate of expected lifetime credit losses over the contractual life of the loan and lease portfolios and on the unfunded lending commitments. Our determination of the ACL is based on periodic evaluation of the loan and lease portfolios and unfunded lending commitments that are not unconditionally cancellable considering a number of relevant underlying factors, including key assumptions and evaluation of quantitative and qualitative information. Estimates of expected future loan and lease losses are determined by using statistical models and management’s judgement. The models are designed to forecast probability and timing of default, exposure at default and loss rate and recovery by correlating certain macroeconomic forecast data to historical experience. The models are generally applied at the portfolio level to pools of loans with similar risk characteristics. The macroeconomic data used in the models is based on forecast variables for the reasonable and supportable period of two years. Beyond this forecast period the models gradually revert to long-term historical loss conditions over a one-year period. Expected losses are estimated through contractual maturity, giving appropriate consideration to estimated prepayments unless the borrower has a right to renew that is not cancellable or it is reasonably expected that the loan will be modified as a TDR.
A qualitative allowance which incorporates management’s judgement is also included in the estimation of expected future loan and lease losses, including qualitative adjustments in circumstances where the model output is inconsistent with management’s expectations with respect to expected credit losses. This allowance is used to adjust for limitations in modeled results related to the current economic conditions and capture risks in the portfolio such as considerations with respect to the impact of current economic events, the outcomes of which are uncertain. These events may include, but are not limited to, political conditions, legislation that may directly or indirectly affect the banking industry and economic conditions affecting specific geographical areas and industries in which the Company conducts business.
Loans and leases that do not share common risk characteristics and significant loans that are considered collateral-dependent are individually evaluated. For these loans, the ALLL is determined through review of data specific to the borrower and related collateral, if any. For TDRs, default expectations and estimated prepayment speeds that are specific to each of the restructured loan populations are incorporated in the determination of the ALLL. The evaluation of quantitative and qualitative information is performed through assessments of groups of assets that share similar risk characteristics and certain individual loans and leases that do not share similar risk characteristics with the collective group. Loans are grouped generally by product type and significant loan portfolios are assessed for credit losses using statistical models. The evaluation process is inherently imprecise and subjective as it requires significant management judgment based on underlying factors that are susceptible to change, sometimes materially and rapidly.
The methodology used to determine an estimate for the reserve for unfunded commitments is similar to that used to determine the funded component of the ALLL and is measured over the period there is a contractual obligation to extend credit that is not unconditionally cancellable. The reserve for unfunded commitments is adjusted for factors specific to binding commitments, including the probability of funding and exposure at default.
Valuation of Business Combination
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of the Acquisition are recorded at their fair value at the date of acquisition. The excess of purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Determining fair value of identifiable assets, particularly intangibles, loans (including PCD loans) and liabilities acquired based on DCF analysis or other valuation techniques requires management to make estimates that are highly subjective in nature based on available information. The fair value of acquired loans from the Acquisition was based on a DCF methodology using contractual cash flows adjusted for key cash flow assumptions such as prepayment rate, default rate, loss severity rate, discount rate and market pricing. For additional information, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 2. Business Acquisition.”
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