First Internet Bancorp (INBK)

CIK: 0001562463. SIC: 6022 State Commercial Banks. Latest 10-K as of: 2026-03-11.

SIC breadcrumb: Finance, Insurance, And Real Estate > Depository Institutions > SIC 6022 State Commercial Banks

SEC company page: https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=1562463. Latest filing source: 0001562463-26-000022.

Selected Fundamentals

Metric	Value	Unit	FY	Filed
Revenue	320,157,000	USD	2025	2026-03-11
Net income	-35,168,000	USD	2025	2026-03-11
Assets	5,571,647,000	USD	2025	2026-03-11

Financials

Annual standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-03-11. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001562463.json. Derived margins, ratios, and free cash flow are computed from the extracted annual SEC facts.

Flow metrics use full-year FY periods from 10-K/10-K/A filings; balance-sheet metrics use FY-end instants. Free cash flow = operating cash flow - capital expenditures. Missing metrics are omitted rather than fabricated.

Metric	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025
Revenue	58,899,000	84,697,000	115,467,000	147,414,000	136,859,000	133,883,000	156,908,000	239,442,000	291,887,000	320,157,000
Net income	12,074,000	15,226,000	21,900,000	25,239,000	29,453,000	48,114,000	35,541,000	8,417,000	25,276,000	-35,168,000
Diluted EPS	2.30	2.13	2.30	2.51	2.99	4.82	3.70	0.95	2.88	-4.03
Operating cash flow		24,624,000	29,356,000	-43,577,000	13,068,000	54,840,000	82,723,000	11,680,000	12,992,000	3,449,000
Capital expenditures	3,173,000	1,517,000	2,219,000	4,105,000	25,559,000	29,892,000	17,517,000	5,367,000	2,592,000	1,228,000
Dividends paid	1,199,000	1,675,000	2,230,000	2,418,000	2,349,000	2,415,000	2,317,000	2,156,000	2,078,000	2,087,000
Share buybacks	0.00	0.00	216,000	9,784,000	0.00	4,436,000	27,780,000	9,340,000	283,000	521,000
Assets	1,854,335,000	2,767,687,000	3,541,692,000	4,100,083,000	4,246,156,000	4,210,994,000	4,543,104,000	5,167,572,000	5,737,859,000	5,571,647,000
Liabilities	1,700,393,000	2,543,560,000	3,252,957,000	3,795,170,000	3,915,212,000	3,830,656,000	4,178,130,000	4,804,777,000	5,353,796,000	5,211,880,000
Stockholders' equity	153,942,000	224,127,000	288,735,000	304,913,000	330,944,000	380,338,000	364,974,000	362,795,000	384,063,000	359,767,000
Cash and cash equivalents	39,452,000	47,981,000	188,712,000	327,361,000	419,806,000	442,960,000	256,552,000	405,898,000	466,410,000	456,777,000
Free cash flow		23,107,000	27,137,000	-47,682,000	-12,491,000	24,948,000	65,206,000	6,313,000	10,400,000	2,221,000

Ratios

ROE and ROA use period-end equity/assets. Liabilities / equity uses total liabilities divided by stockholders' equity. Current ratio uses current assets divided by current liabilities when both are reported.

Metric	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025
Net margin	20.50%	17.98%	18.97%	17.12%	21.52%	35.94%	22.65%	3.52%	8.66%	-10.98%
Return on equity	7.84%	6.79%	7.58%	8.28%	8.90%	12.65%	9.74%	2.32%	6.58%	-9.78%
Return on assets	0.65%	0.55%	0.62%	0.62%	0.69%	1.14%	0.78%	0.16%	0.44%	-0.63%
Liabilities / equity	11.05	11.35	11.27	12.45	11.83	10.07	11.45	13.24	13.94	14.49

Financial Charts

Quarterly

Quarterly standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-05-06. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001562463.json.

Flow metrics use discrete quarter-length periods from 10-Q/10-Q/A filings. Q4 revenue and net income are derived only when annual FY and nine-month YTD facts exist for the same fiscal year; derived Q4 values are labeled. EPS Q4 is not derived.

Quarter	End Date	Revenue	Net Income	Diluted EPS	Method
2021-Q2	2021-06-30			1.31	reported discrete quarter
2021-Q3	2021-09-30			1.21	reported discrete quarter
2022-Q1	2022-03-31	36,034,000	11,209,000	1.14	reported discrete quarter
2022-Q2	2022-06-30	36,106,000	9,545,000	0.99	reported discrete quarter
2022-Q3	2023-09-30	63,015,000	3,409,000	0.39	reported discrete quarter
2024-Q1	2024-03-31	68,165,000	5,181,000	0.59	reported discrete quarter
2024-Q2	2024-06-30	70,961,000	5,775,000	0.67	reported discrete quarter
2024-Q3	2024-09-30	74,990,000	6,990,000	0.80	reported discrete quarter
2024-Q4	2024-12-31	77,771,000	7,330,000		derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD
2025-Q1	2025-03-31	76,829,000	943,000	0.11	reported discrete quarter
2025-Q2	2025-06-30	80,886,000	193,000	0.02	reported discrete quarter
2025-Q3	2025-09-30	84,388,000	-41,593,000	-4.76	reported discrete quarter
2025-Q4	2025-12-31	78,054,000	5,289,000		derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD
2026-Q1	2026-03-31	75,810,000	2,509,000	0.29	reported discrete quarter

Quarterly Charts

Macro Cross-References

CPIAUCSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average
UNRATE - Unemployment Rate
FEDFUNDS - Federal Funds Effective Rate
CES0500000003 - Average Hourly Earnings of All Employees, Total Private
DFEDTARU - Federal Funds Target Range - Upper Limit
DFEDTARL - Federal Funds Target Range - Lower Limit
DGS3MO - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 3-Month Constant Maturity
DGS2 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 2-Year Constant Maturity
DGS10 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 10-Year Constant Maturity
DGS30 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 30-Year Constant Maturity
T10Y2Y - 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Minus 2-Year Treasury Constant Maturity
CPILFESL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Food and Energy
CPIUFDSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food
CPIENGSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy
CUSR0000SAH1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Shelter
PCEPI - Personal Consumption Expenditures: Chain-type Price Index
PCEPILFE - Personal Consumption Expenditures Excluding Food and Energy: Chain-type Price Index
PPIACO - Producer Price Index by Commodity: All Commodities
T10YIE - 10-Year Breakeven Inflation Rate
U6RATE - Total Unemployed, Plus All Marginally Attached Workers Plus Total Employed Part Time for Economic Reasons
PAYEMS - All Employees, Total Nonfarm
CIVPART - Labor Force Participation Rate
EMRATIO - Employment-Population Ratio
UNEMPLOY - Unemployed
CE16OV - Employment Level
ICSA - Initial Claims
JTSJOL - Job Openings: Total Nonfarm
JTSQUR - Quits: Total Nonfarm
GDPC1 - Real Gross Domestic Product
A191RL1Q225SBEA - Real Gross Domestic Product: Percent Change from Preceding Period
INDPRO - Industrial Production: Total Index
TCU - Capacity Utilization: Total Index
HOUST - New Privately-Owned Housing Units Started: Total Units
PERMIT - New Privately-Owned Housing Units Authorized in Permit-Issuing Places: Total Units
RSAFS - Advance Retail Sales: Retail Trade
PCE - Personal Consumption Expenditures
DSPIC96 - Real Disposable Personal Income
PSAVERT - Personal Saving Rate
M2SL - M2
BOPGSTB - U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services: Balance
MSPUS - Median Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States
HSN1F - New One Family Houses Sold: United States
RHORUSQ156N - Homeownership Rate in the United States
TTLCONS - Total Construction Spending: Total Construction in the United States
RRVRUSQ156N - Rental Vacancy Rate in the United States
TOTALSL - Total Consumer Credit Owned and Securitized
REVOLSL - Revolving Consumer Credit Owned and Securitized
DRCCLACBS - Delinquency Rate on Credit Card Loans, All Commercial Banks
GDP - Gross Domestic Product
GPDI - Gross Private Domestic Investment
GCE - Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment
PCEC - Personal Consumption Expenditures
NETEXP - Net Exports of Goods and Services
GFDEBTN - Federal Debt: Total Public Debt
GFDEGDQ188S - Federal Debt: Total Public Debt as Percent of Gross Domestic Product
FYFSD - Federal Surplus or Deficit
FGRECPT - Federal Government Current Receipts
FGEXPND - Federal Government: Current Expenditures
MANEMP - All Employees, Manufacturing
USCONS - All Employees, Construction
USTRADE - All Employees, Retail Trade
USFIRE - All Employees, Financial Activities
USGOVT - All Employees, Government
AWHAETP - Average Weekly Hours of All Employees, Total Private
DGORDER - Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods
NEWORDER - Manufacturers' New Orders: Nondefense Capital Goods Excluding Aircraft
BUSINV - Total Business Inventories
EXPGS - Exports of Goods and Services
IMPGS - Imports of Goods and Services
IR - Import Price Index (End Use): All Commodities
PPIFIS - Producer Price Index by Commodity: Final Demand

Latest quarter (10-Q)

Latest 10-Q source: 0001562463-26-000046.

Extracted structurally from real Item 2 body heading to real Item 3/4 boundary. Confidence: high. Filing date: 2026-05-06. Report date: 2026-03-31.

ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this report. This discussion and analysis includes certain forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. You should review the “Risk Factors” sections of this report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by such forward-looking statements. See also “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this report.

Overview

First Internet Bancorp is a bank holding company headquartered in Fishers, Indiana that conducts its primary business activities through its wholly-owned subsidiary, First Internet Bank of Indiana (the “Bank”), an Indiana chartered bank. The Bank was the first state-chartered, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insured Internet bank and commenced banking operations in 1999. First Internet Bancorp was incorporated under the laws of the State of Indiana on September 15, 2005. On March 21, 2006, we consummated a plan of exchange by which we acquired all of the outstanding shares of the Bank.

The Bank has three wholly-owned subsidiaries: First Internet Public Finance Corp., an Indiana corporation that provides a range of public and municipal finance lending and leasing products to governmental entities throughout the United States and acquires securities issued by state and local governments and other municipalities; JKH Realty Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that manages other real estate owned properties as needed; and SPF15, Inc., an Indiana corporation that owns real estate used primarily for the Bank’s principal office.

We offer a wide range of commercial, small business, consumer and municipal banking products and services. We conduct our consumer and small business deposit operations primarily through digital channels on a nationwide basis and have no traditional branch offices. Our consumer lending products are primarily originated on a nationwide basis through relationships with dealerships and financing partners.

Our commercial banking products and services are delivered through a relationship banking model or through strategic partnerships and include commercial and industrial (“C&I”) lending, construction and investor commercial real estate lending, single tenant lease financing, public finance, specialty finance, small business lending, and commercial deposits and treasury management. Our C&I team provides credit solutions such as lines of credit, term loans, owner-occupied commercial real estate loans and corporate credit cards on a regional basis to commercial borrowers primarily in the Midwest and Southwest regions of the United States. We offer construction, investor commercial real estate loans and single tenant lease financing on a nationwide basis. Our public finance team provides a range of public and municipal lending and leasing products to government entities on a nationwide basis. Our specialty finance team manages our healthcare, franchise finance and equipment finance portfolios and our commercial deposits and treasury management team works with the other commercial teams to provide deposit products and treasury management services to our commercial and municipal lending customers as well as pursues commercial deposit opportunities in business segments where we have no credit relationships.

We believe that we differentiate ourselves from larger financial institutions by providing a full suite of services to emerging small businesses and entrepreneurs on a nationwide basis. We are an active lender in the Small Business

43

Administration (“SBA”) 7(a) program, closing $72.5 million in SBA 7(a) loans during the three months ended March 31,2026. We also offer a top-ranked small business checking account product to our country’s entrepreneurs.

We offer payment, deposit, card and lending products and services through partnerships with financial technology companies and platforms (“fintechs”). With the rapid evolution of technology that enables small businesses to manage their finances digitally, fintechs are addressing a significantly growing marketplace. Fintechs have created robust digital offerings, unburdened by legacy technology architecture, to address growing customer expectations. Through partnerships with selected fintechs, we believe our ability to win and retain small business relationships will be significantly enhanced. Furthermore, we believe partnering with select fintechs will allow us to further diversify our revenue sources, acquire deposits and pursue additional asset generation capabilities.

As of March 31, 2026, the Company had consolidated assets of $5.7 billion, consolidated deposits of $5.0 billion and stockholders’ equity of $361.0 million.

Results of Operations

During the first quarter 2026, net income was $2.5 million, or $0.29 diluted earnings per share, compared to net income of $0.9 million, or $0.11 diluted earnings per share, during the first quarter 2025, representing an increase in net income of $1.6 million, or 166.1%, and an increase in diluted earnings per share of $0.18, or 163.6%.

The $1.6 million increase in net income for the first quarter 2026 compared to the first quarter 2025 was due primarily to increases of $6.5 million, or 25.9%, in net interest income and $1.1 million, or 10.5%, in noninterest income, partially offset by increases of $4.4 million, or 36.6%, in the provision for credit losses and $1.5 million, or 6.2%, in noninterest expense, as well as a decrease of $0.2 million in income tax benefit.

During the first quarter 2026, return on average assets (“ROAA”), return on average shareholders’ equity (“ROAE”), and return on average tangible common equity (“ROATCE”) were 0.18%, 2.72% and 2.75%, respectively, compared to 0.07%, 0.98% and 0.99%, respectively, for the first quarter 2025.

During the first quarter 2026, pre-provision net revenue (“PPNR”) was $18.1 million, an increase of 51.2% from PPNR of $12.0 million for the first quarter 2025. The $6.1 million increase was due to an increase of $6.5 million, or 25.9%, in net interest income and an increase of $1.1 million, or 10.5%, in noninterest income, partially offset by an increase of $1.5 million, or 6.2%, in noninterest expense.

Refer to the “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of Part I, Item 2 of this report, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for additional information.

44

Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Net Interest Income Analyses

For the periods presented, the following tables provide the average balances of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the related yields and cost of funds. The tables do not reflect any effect of income taxes except for net interest margin - FTE, as discussed below. Balances are based on the average of daily balances. Nonaccrual loans are included in average loan balances.

Three Months Ended

March 31, 2026

March 31, 2025

(dollars in thousands)

Average Balance

Interest /Dividends

Yield / Cost

Average Balance

Interest /Dividends

Yield /Cost

Assets

Interest-earning assets

Loans, including

loans held-for-sale

$

3,880,131 

$

60,839 

6.36 

%

$

4,242,933 

$

62,662 

5.99 

%

Securities - taxable

943,079 

9,496 

4.08 

%

820,175 

8,463 

4.18 

%

Securities - non-taxable

79,793 

654 

3.32 

%

81,743 

661 

3.28 

%

Other earning assets

521,697 

4,821 

3.75 

%

445,280 

5,043 

4.59 

%

Total interest-earning assets

5,424,700 

75,810 

5.67 

%

5,590,131 

76,829 

5.57 

%

Allowance for credit losses - loans

(56,106)

(45,664)

Noninterest-earning assets

267,052 

225,913 

Total assets

$

5,635,646 

$

5,770,380 

Liabilities

Interest-bearing liabilities

Interest-bearing demand deposits

$

1,243,549 

$

8,168 

2.66 

%

$

956,322 

$

6,974 

2.96 

%

Savings accounts

19,542 

41 

0.85 

%

20,568 

43 

0.85 

%

Money market accounts

1,292,126 

10,103 

3.17 

%

1,221,795 

11,361 

3.77 

%

Certificates and brokered deposits

2,188,972 

22,047 

4.08 

%

2,617,293 

29,248 

4.53 

%

Total interest-bearing deposits

4,744,189 

40,359 

3.45 

%

4,815,978 

47,626 

4.01 

%

Other borrowed funds

352,117 

3,853 

4.44 

%

401,300 

4,107 

4.15 

%

Total interest-bearing liabilities

5,096,306 

44,212 

3.52 

%

5,217,278 

51,733 

4.02 

%

Noninterest-bearing deposits

143,305 

135,878 

Other noninterest-bearing liabilities

21,759 

25,189 

Total liabilities

5,261,370 

5,378,345 

Shareholders’ equity

374,276 

392,035 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

$

5,635,646 

$

5,770,380 

Net interest income

$

31,598 

$

25,096 

Interest rate spread 1

2.15%

1.55%

Net interest margin 2

2.36%

1.82%

Net interest margin - FTE 3

2.45%

1.91%

1 Yield on total interest-earning assets minus cost of total interest-bearing liabilities.

2 Net interest income divided by total average interest-earning assets (annualized).

3 On an FTE basis assuming a 21% tax rate. Net interest income is adjusted to reflect income from assets such as municipal loans and securities that are exempt from Federal income taxes. This is to recognize the income tax savings that facilitates a comparison between taxable and tax-exempt assets. The Company believes that it is a standard practice in the banking industry to present net interest margin and net interest income on a fully-taxable equivalent basis, as these measures provide useful information to make peer comparisons. Net interest margin - FTE represents a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for a reconciliation of this measure to its most directly comparable GAAP measure.

45

Rate/Volume Analysis 

The following table illustrates the impact of changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and interest rates on net interest income for the periods indicated. The change in interest not due solely to volume or rate has been allocated in proportion to the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each. 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 vs. March 31, 2025 Due to Changes in

(amounts in thousands)

Volume

Rate

Net

Interest income

Loans, including loans held-for-sale

$

(19,288)

$

17,465 

$

(1,823)

Securities – taxable

2,305 

(1,272)

1,033 

Securities – non-taxable

(48)

41 

(7)

Other earning assets

3,513 

(3,735)

(222)

Total

(13,518)

12,499 

(1,019)

Interest expense

Interest-bearing deposits

(701)

(6,566)

(7,267)

Other borrowed funds

(1,644)

1,390 

(254)

Total

(2,345)

(5,176)

(7,521)

(Decrease) increase in net interest income

$

(11,173)

$

17,675 

$

6,502 

Net interest income for the first quarter 2026 was $31.6 million, an increase of $6.5 million, or 25.9%, compared to $25.1 million for the first quarter 2025. The increase in net interest income was the result of a decrease of $7.5 million, or 14.5%, in total interest expense to $44.2 million for the first quarter 2026 from $51.7 million for the first quarter 2025, which was partially offset by a $1.0 million, or 1.3%, decrease in total interest income to $75.8 million for the first quarter 2026 from $76.8 million for the first quarter 2025.

The decrease in total interest income for the first quarter 2026 compared to first quarter 2025 was due primarily to a decrease in interest earned on loans, resulting from a decrease of $362.8 million, or 8.6%, in the average balance of loans including loans held-for-sale, partially offset by an increa

[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]

Latest 10-K MD&A

Extracted structurally from real Item 7 body heading to real Item 7A/8 boundary. Confidence: high. Filing date: 2026-03-11. Report date: 2025-12-31.

Item 7.        Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this report.

The following discussion, analysis and comparisons generally focus on the operating results for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. Discussion, analysis and comparisons of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 that are not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K can be found in “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. This discussion and analysis includes certain forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. You should review the “Risk Factors” section of this report for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by such forward-looking statements. See also the “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this report.

Results of Operations

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, net loss was $35.2 million, or $4.03 diluted loss per share, compared to net income of $25.3 million, or $2.88 per diluted share, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and net income of $8.4 million, or $0.95 per diluted share, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023.

The $60.4 million decrease in net income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was due primarily to an increase of $55.2 million, or 323.6%, in provision for credit losses, a decrease of $44.6 million, or 94.3%, in noninterest income and an increase of $4.9 million, or 5.5%, in noninterest expense, partially offset by an increase of $26.4 million, or 30.2%, in net interest income and a decrease of $18.0 million in income tax expense.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, the Company closed on the sale of $851.2 million of single tenant lease financing loans recognizing a pre-tax loss of $38.2 million on the transaction. The transaction was executed as part of an initiative to strengthen the Company’s regulatory capital ratios and improve its interest rate risk position. While the loss on the transaction negatively impacted shareholders’ equity and regulatory capital, the transaction significantly reduced risk-weighted assets, resulting in a net positive effect on regulatory capital ratios. Furthermore, the loan sale reduced the Company’s interest rate risk profile by reducing exposure to longer-duration assets. Additionally, the Company expects the transaction to have a beneficial impact on key profitability metrics, such as net interest margin and return on average assets, in future periods.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, return on average assets (“ROAA”), return on average equity (“ROAE”) and return on average tangible common equity (“ROATCE”) were (0.60%), (9.15%) and (9.26%), respectively. Excluding the after tax net loss on the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans, adjusted net loss for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, was $5.7 million, and adjusted diluted loss per share was $0.66. Additionally, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, adjusted ROAA, adjusted ROAE and adjusted ROATCE were (0.10%), (1.49%) and (1.51%), respectively.

The increase in net income of $16.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 was due primarily to increases of $21.2 million, or 81.2%, in noninterest income and $12.5 million, or 16.7%, in net interest income, partially offset by increases of $10.7 million, or 13.4%, in noninterest expense, $5.7 million in income tax expense and $0.4 million, or 2.5%, in provision for credit losses.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, ROAA, ROAE and ROATCE were 0.46%, 6.70% and 6.78%, respectively. The Company recognized gains of $2.9 million from the termination of interest rate swap agreements and $1.8 million from the prepayment of FHLB advances, as well as expenses of $0.5 million in IT termination fees and $0.1 million in anniversary expenses. Adjusted for these items, net income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $22.0 million, and adjusted diluted earnings per share was $2.51. Additionally, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, adjusted ROAA, adjusted ROAE and adjusted ROATCE were 0.40%, 5.83% and 5.90%, respectively.

Refer to the “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of Item 7 of Part II of this report, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for additional information.     

25

Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Net Interest Income Analyses

For the periods presented, the following table provides the average balances of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the related yields and cost of funds. The table does not reflect any effect of income taxes. Balances are based on the average of daily balances. Nonaccrual loans are included in average loan balances.

Twelve Months Ended

December 31, 2025

December 31, 2024

December 31, 2023

(dollars in thousands)

Average Balance

Interest/Dividends

Yield/Cost

Average Balance

Interest/Dividends

Yield/Cost

Average Balance

Interest/Dividends

Yield/Cost

Assets

Interest-earning assets

Loans, including loans held-for-sale

$

4,223,146 

$

259,840 

6.15 

%

$

3,997,397 

$

233,844 

5.85 

%

$

3,685,729 

$

192,337 

5.22 

%

Securities - taxable

839,878 

34,950 

4.16 

%

692,806 

26,742 

3.86 

%

551,479 

17,189 

3.12 

%

Securities - non-taxable

79,897 

2,618 

3.28 

%

77,987 

3,775 

4.84 

%

72,571 

3,532 

4.87 

%

Other earning assets

519,976 

22,749 

4.38 

%

516,836 

27,526 

5.33 

%

500,061 

26,384 

5.28 

%

Total interest-earning assets

5,662,897 

320,157 

5.65 

%

5,285,026 

291,887 

5.52 

%

4,809,840 

239,442 

4.98 

%

Allowance for credit losses - loans

(51,440)

(42,758)

(36,038)

Noninterest-earning assets

237,366 

220,462 

194,712 

Total assets

$

5,848,823 

$

5,462,730 

$

4,968,514 

Liabilities

Interest-bearing liabilities

Interest-bearing demand deposits

$

1,152,210 

$

36,007 

3.13 

%

$

494,082 

$

10,448 

2.11 

%

$

366,082 

$

6,186 

1.69 

%

Savings accounts

20,229 

171 

0.85 

%

22,336 

189 

0.85 

%

29,200 

249 

0.85 

%

Money market accounts

1,243,300 

45,459 

3.66 

%

1,230,443 

51,036 

4.15 

%

1,276,602 

49,890 

3.91 

%

Fintech - brokered deposits

— 

— 

— 

%

141,860 

6,023 

4.25 

%

33,039 

1,402 

4.24 

%

Certificates and brokered deposits

2,451,191 

106,753 

4.36 

%

2,430,205 

115,454 

4.75 

%

2,040,041 

85,636 

4.20 

%

Total interest-bearing deposits

4,866,930 

188,390 

3.87 

%

4,318,926 

183,150 

4.24 

%

3,744,964 

143,363 

3.83 

%

Other borrowed funds

421,947 

18,007 

4.27 

%

629,137 

21,360 

3.40 

%

719,617 

21,175 

2.94 

%

Total interest-bearing liabilities

5,288,877 

206,397 

3.90 

%

4,948,063 

204,510 

4.13 

%

4,464,581 

164,538 

3.69 

%

Noninterest-bearing deposits

154,712 

114,396 

125,816 

Other noninterest-bearing liabilities

20,802 

23,056 

20,317 

Total liabilities

5,464,391 

5,085,515 

4,610,714 

Shareholders' equity

384,432 

377,215 

357,800 

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

$

5,848,823 

$

5,462,730 

$

4,968,514 

Net interest income

$

113,760 

$

87,377 

$

74,904 

Interest rate spread1

1.75 

%

1.39 

%

1.29 

%

Net interest margin2

2.01 

%

1.65 

%

1.56 

%

Net interest margin - FTE3

2.09 

%

1.74 

%

1.67 

%

1 Yield on total interest-earning assets minus cost of total interest-bearing liabilities

2 Net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets

3 On a fully-taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis assuming a 21% tax rate. Refer to the “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of Item 7 of Part II of this report, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

26

Rate/Volume Analysis 

The following table illustrates the impact of changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and interest rates on net interest income for the periods indicated. The change in interest not due solely to volume or rate has been allocated in proportion to the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each. 

Rate/Volume Analysis of Net Interest Income

Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2025 vs. December 31, 2024 Due to Changes in

Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2024 vs. December 31, 2023 Due to Changes in

(amounts in thousands)

Volume

Rate

Net

Volume

Rate

Net

Interest income

Loans, including loans held-for-sale

$

13,624 

$

12,372 

$

25,996 

$

17,100 

$

24,407 

$

41,507 

Securities – taxable

6,009 

2,199 

8,208 

4,961 

4,592 

9,553 

Securities – non-taxable

90 

(1,247)

(1,157)

265 

(22)

243 

Other earning assets

166 

(4,943)

(4,777)

891 

251 

1,142 

Total

19,889 

8,381 

28,270 

23,217 

29,228 

52,445 

Interest expense

Interest-bearing demand deposits

18,753 

6,806 

25,559 

2,491 

1,771 

4,262 

Savings accounts

(18)

— 

(18)

(60)

— 

(60)

Money market accounts

527 

(6,104)

(5,577)

(1,847)

2,993 

1,146 

Fintech - brokered deposits

(6,023)

— 

(6,023)

4,618 

3 

4,621 

Certificates and brokered deposits

976 

(9,677)

(8,701)

17,699 

12,119 

29,818 

Other borrowed funds

(8,047)

4,694 

(3,353)

(2,867)

3,052 

185 

Total

6,168 

(4,281)

1,887 

20,034 

19,938 

39,972 

Increase in net interest income

$

13,721 

$

12,662 

$

26,383 

$

3,183 

$

9,290 

$

12,473 

Net interest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 was $113.8 million, an increase of $26.4 million, or 30.2%, compared to $87.4 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024. The increase in net interest income was the result of a $28.3 million, or 9.7%, increase in total interest income to $320.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 compared to $291.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024. The increase in total interest income was partially offset by a $1.9 million, or 0.9%, increase in total interest expense to $206.4 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 compared to $204.5 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024.

The growth in total interest income was due primarily to an increase in interest earned on loans, resulting from an increase of 30 bps in the yield earned on loans, as well as an increase of $225.7 million, or 5.6%, in the average balance of loans, including loans held-for-sale. Additionally, the average balance of securities increased $149.0 million, or 19.3%, and the yield earned on the securities portfolio increased 13 bps. The increase in total interest income was partially offset by a 95 bp decrease in the yield on other earning assets. The increase in the yield earned on loans was driven by new originations throughout the year as the yield on funded portfolio originations was 7.31%, well above the overall loan portfolio yield. Additionally, the yield earned on the loan portfolio benefitted from the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans, which had interest rates below the overall loan portfolio yield. The increase in the yield earned on securities was primarily driven by new securities purchases during the year, partially offset by the maturity of an interest rate swap designed to enhance the yield on certain municipal securities. The decrease in the yield earned on other earning assets was due mainly to the impact of decreases in the Fed Funds rates on cash balances held at the Federal Reserve.

The increase in total interest expense was due primarily to an increase of $25.6 million, or 244.6%, in interest expense associated with interest-bearing demand deposits, partially offset by decreases of $8.7 million, or 7.5%, in interest expense associated with certificates and brokered deposits, $5.6 million, or 10.9%, in interest expense associated with money market accounts and $3.4 million, or 15.7%, in interest expense associated with other borrowed funds. When combined with deposits formerly classified as fintech - brokered deposits, the increase in interest expense related to interest-bearing demand deposits was due primarily to a 378 bp increase in the cost of these deposits, as well as an increase of $516.3 million, or 81.2%, in the average balance of these deposits. The decrease in interest expense related to certificates and brokered deposits was driven by a 39 bp decline in cost of these deposits, partially offset by a slight increase in the average balance of these deposits. The decrease in the cost of funds was due to the combination of lower rates on new certificates of deposit production and using on-balance sheet liquidity to paydown higher-cost brokered deposits as they matured. The decrease in interest expense related to money

27

market accounts was driven primarily by a decrease of 49 bps in the cost of these deposits, partially offset by a slight increase in the average balance of these deposits. The decrease in the cost of funds was due to the impact of decreases in the Fed Funds rate late in 2024 and in the second half of 2025. The decrease in interest expense related to other borrowed funds was driven by a decrease in the average balance of $207.2 million, or 32.9%, partially offset by an 87 bp increase in the cost of these funds. The decrease in the average balance of other borrowed funds was driven primarily by the early paydown of Federal Home Loan Bank advances late in 2024 as the Company deployed excess on-balance liquidity to reduce the size of the balance sheet and lower interest expense in future periods. The increase in the cost of the funds was due mainly to the cost of one issuance of subordinated debt repricing higher as its fixed-rate term expired in the third quarter of 2024 and converted to variable rate.

Net interest margin (“NIM”) was 2.01% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 compared to 1.65% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, an increase of 36 bps. On a fully-taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis, NIM was 2.09% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 compared to 1.74% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, an increase of 35 bps. The increase in NIM and FTE NIM compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 reflects the combination of higher yields on loans and securities and continued improvement in the cost of funds related to deposits.

Noninterest Income

The following table presents noninterest income for the three most recent years.

Twelve Months Ended December 31,

(amounts in thousands)

2025

2024

2023

Service charges and fees

$

1,366 

$

959 

$

851 

Loan servicing revenue

8,730 

6,188 

3,833 

Loan servicing asset revaluation

(5,466)

(2,537)

(1,463)

Mortgage banking activities

— 

— 

76 

(Loss) gain on sale of loans

(8,313)

33,329 

20,526 

Other

6,395 

9,406 

2,302 

Total noninterest income

$

2,712 

$

47,345 

$

26,125 

Noninterest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 was $2.7 million, representing a decrease of $44.6 million, or 94.3%, compared to $47.3 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024. Excluding the pre-tax loss of $38.2 million on the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans, adjusted noninterest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 was $40.9 million. Excluding the gain on termination of interest rate swaps of $2.9 million and the gain on prepayment of FHLB advances of $1.8 million, adjusted noninterest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $42.6 million.

The decline in adjusted noninterest income of $1.7 million, or 3.9%, was due primarily to a decrease of $3.4 million, or 10.2%, in gain on sale of loans, partially offset by an increase of $1.7 million in other noninterest income. During 2025, the Company recognized $29.4 million in gain of sales of U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) 7(a) guaranteed loans compared to $33.2 million in 2024. The decrease was due mainly to a decrease in sold loan volume as the Company implemented a process change in the second quarter 2025 to hold SBA loans held-for-sale longer before selling into the secondary market. This process change had a one quarter effect as gain on sale revenue reverted to normalized levels in the third quarter 2025. The increase in other noninterest income was primarily driven by higher fintech partnership revenue resulting from increased program management fees and higher payments volume.

28

Noninterest Expense

The following table presents noninterest expense for the three most recent years.

Twelve Months Ended December 31,

(amounts in thousands)

2025

2024

2023

Salaries and employee benefits

$

51,026 

$

51,756 

$

45,322 

Marketing, advertising and promotion

2,475 

2,589 

2,567 

Consulting and professional services

4,327 

3,744 

3,082 

Data processing

2,654 

2,448 

2,373 

Loan expenses

6,714 

5,947 

5,756 

Premises and equipment

13,673 

11,902 

10,599 

Deposit insurance premium

6,109 

5,000 

3,880 

Other

8,049 

6,724 

5,857 

Total noninterest expense

$

95,027 

$

90,110 

$

79,436 

Noninterest expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 was $95.0 million, representing an increase of $4.9 million or 5.5%, compared to $90.1 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024. Excluding the IT termination fees of $0.5 million and anniversary expenses of $0.1 million, adjusted noninterest expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $89.5 million.

The decline in adjusted noninterest expense of $5.5 million, or 6.1%, was due primarily to increases of $2.2 million, or 19.4%, in premises and equipment, $1.4 million, or 21.9%, in other noninterest expense and $1.1 million, or 22.2%, in deposit insurance premium. The increase in premises and equipment was driven by higher software maintenance costs. The increase in other noninterest expense was due mainly to higher fintech volume activity and the increase in deposit insurance premium was due to changes in the composition of the loan portfolio.

29

Income Taxes

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, which expands income tax disclosure requirements to include additional information related to the rate reconciliation of our effective tax rates to statutory rates. The Company adopted ASU 2023-09 on a prospective basis for the year ended December 31, 2025.

December 31, 2025

(amounts in thousands)

Amount

Percent

U.S. federal statutory tax rate

$

(10,682)

(21.0

%)

State and local income tax, net of federal tax effect 1

(1,189)

(2.3

%)

Effect of:

Tax credits

(206)

(0.4

%)

Nontaxable or nondeductible items:

Income from tax-exempt securities and loans

(3,497)

(6.9

%)

Other

(127)

(0.3

%)

          Total

$

(15,701)

(30.9

%)

1 The states that contribute to the majority (greater than 50%) of the tax effect in the category include Indiana and Florida for 2025.

The following table reconciles reported income tax provision (benefit) to that computed at the statutory federal tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, in accordance with the guidance prior to the adoption of ASU 2023-09.

 December 31,

(amounts in thousands)

2024

2023

Statutory rate times pre-tax income

$

5,784 

$

1,037 

(Subtract) add the tax effect of:

Income from tax-exempt securities and loans

(3,500)

(3,951)

State income taxes, net of federal tax effect

47 

(30)

Bank-owned life insurance

(262)

(215)

Tax credits

(110)

(168)

Other differences

307 

(150)

  Income tax provision (benefit)

$

2,266 

$

(3,477)

We recognized an income tax benefit of $15.7 million in 2025, compared to an income tax provision of $2.3 million and an effective tax rate of 8.2% in 2024 and a benefit of $3.5 million in 2023. Our federal statutory tax rate was 21% in 2024. The variance from the federal statutory rate was due primarily to tax-exempt income. Interest income on certain loans or securities issued by governmental, municipal and not-for-profit entities, and earnings from bank-owned life insurance were the primary components of tax-exempt income. The income tax benefit recognized during 2025 also reflects the impact of a pre-tax loss of $38.2 million from the loss on the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans.

30

Financial Condition

The following table presents summary balance sheet data as of the end of the last two years.

(amounts in thousands)

December 31,

Balance Sheet Data:

2025

2024

Total assets

$

5,571,647 

$

5,737,859 

Loans

3,746,728 

4,170,646 

Total securities

1,029,296 

837,151 

Loans held-for-sale

108,608 

54,695 

Noninterest-bearing deposits

146,879 

136,451 

Interest-bearing deposits

4,692,934 

4,796,755 

Total deposits

4,839,813 

4,933,206 

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

249,500 

295,000 

Total shareholders' equity

359,767 

384,063 

Total assets decreased $166.2 million, or 2.9%, to $5.6 billion as of December 31, 2025 compared to $5.7 billion as of December 31, 2024. The decrease was driven by a decline in loans due to the single tenant lease financing loan sale and lower franchise finance balances, partially offset by higher investor commercial real estate, commercial and industrial and small business lending balances. Total liabilities declined $141.9 million, or 2.7%, to $5.2 billion at December 31, 2025 compared to $5.4 billion at December 31, 2024. The decrease was due mainly to a decrease in total deposits, as well as a decline in advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank. Increased liquidity from growth in fintech partnership deposits allowed the Company to pay down higher cost brokered deposits and advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank throughout 2025. Additionally, following the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans, the Company moved a significant amount of fintech deposits off-balance sheet in order to manage the overall size of the balance sheet.

As of December 31, 2025, total shareholders’ equity was $359.8 million, a decrease of $24.3 million, or 6.3%, compared to December 31, 2024. The decrease in shareholders’ equity was due primarily to the net loss during 2025, partially offset by a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive loss as unrealized losses on securities declined during the year. Tangible common equity totaled $355.1 million as of December 31, 2025, representing a decrease of $24.3 million, or 6.4%, compared to December 31, 2024. The ratio of total shareholders’ equity to total assets decreased to 6.46% as of December 31, 2025 from 6.69% as of December 31, 2024 and the ratio of tangible common equity to tangible assets decreased to 6.38% as of December 31, 2025 from 6.62% as of December 31, 2024.

Book value per common share decreased 6.5% to $41.41 as of December 31, 2025 from $44.31 as of December 31, 2024. Tangible book value per share decreased 6.6% to $40.87 as of December 31, 2025 from $43.77 as of December 31, 2024. The decrease in both book value per common share and tangible book value per common share was driven primarily by the decreases in total shareholders’ equity and tangible common equity. Refer to the “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of Item 7 of Part II of this report, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for additional information.

31

Loan Portfolio Analysis

The following table provides information regarding our loan portfolio as of the end of the last two years.

December 31,

(dollars in thousands)

2025

2024

Commercial loans

Commercial and industrial

$

221,714 

5.9 

%

$

120,175 

2.9 

%

Owner-occupied commercial real estate

48,575 

1.3 

%

53,591 

1.3 

%

Investor commercial real estate

647,394 

17.3 

%

269,431 

6.5 

%

Construction

372,668 

9.9 

%

413,523 

9.9 

%

Single tenant lease financing

222,925 

5.9 

%

949,748 

22.7 

%

Public finance

442,234 

11.8 

%

485,867 

11.6 

%

Healthcare finance

139,469 

3.7 

%

181,427 

4.4 

%

Small business lending 1

430,024 

11.5 

%

331,914 

8.0 

%

Franchise finance

417,045 

11.1 

%

536,909 

12.9 

%

Total commercial loans

2,942,048 

78.4 

%

3,342,585 

80.2 

%

Consumer loans

Residential mortgage

343,110 

9.2 

%

375,160 

9.0 

%

Home equity

14,725 

0.4 

%

18,274 

0.4 

%

Other consumer

425,458 

11.4 

%

407,947 

9.8 

%

Total consumer loans

783,293 

21.0 

%

801,381 

19.2 

%

Total commercial and consumer loans

3,725,341 

99.4 

%

4,143,966 

99.4 

%

Net deferred loan origination costs, premiums and discounts on purchased loans and other 2

21,387 

0.6 

%

26,680 

0.6 

%

Total loans

3,746,728 

100.0 

%

4,170,646 

100.0 

%

Allowance for credit losses - loans

(55,686)

(44,769)

Net loans

$

3,691,042 

$

4,125,877 

1 Balances include $52.2 million and $34.0 million that are guaranteed by the U.S. government as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

2 Includes carrying value adjustments of $19.1 million and $22.9 million related to terminated interest rate swaps associated with public finance loans as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Total loans were $3.7 billion as of December 31, 2025, a decrease of $423.9 million, or 10.2%, compared to December 31, 2024. Total commercial loan balances were $2.9 billion, as of December 31, 2025, a decrease of $400.5 million, or 12.0%, from December 31, 2024. Total consumer loan balances were $783.3 million as of December 31, 2025, a decrease of $18.1 million, or 2.3%, compared to December 31, 2024. Compared to December 31, 2024, the decrease in commercial loan balances was driven by the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans, planned run-off in the franchise finance and healthcare finance portfolios and a decline in the fixed rate public finance portfolio. The decreases were partially offset by increases in investor commercial real estate, which was driven by completed construction projects that were moved to investor commercial real estate upon entering their stabilization period, as well as growth in the commercial and industrial and small business lending portfolios. The slight decrease in consumer loan balances was due primarily to expected run-off in the residential mortgage portfolio, partially offset by origination activity in the other consumer loans portfolio.

32

Loan Maturities and Rate Sensitivity

The following table shows the contractual maturity distribution intervals (without regard to repayment or repricing schedules) of the outstanding loans in our portfolio as of December 31, 2025. 

(amounts in thousands)

Within 1 Year

1-5 Years

5-15 Years

Beyond 15 Years

Total

Commercial loans

Commercial and industrial

$

13,295 

$

106,847 

$

101,572 

$

— 

$

221,714 

Owner-occupied commercial real estate

5,618 

21,992 

20,965 

— 

48,575 

Investor commercial real estate

450,237 

196,641 

516 

— 

647,394 

Construction

130,412 

238,536 

3,720 

— 

372,668 

Single tenant lease financing

21,939 

163,593 

37,393 

— 

222,925 

Public finance

13,262 

110,941 

315,411 

2,620 

442,234 

Healthcare finance

2,237 

95,239 

41,993 

— 

139,469 

Small business lending

37 

7,327 

357,467 

65,193 

430,024 

Franchise finance

1,329 

239,162 

176,554 

— 

417,045 

Total commercial loans

638,366 

1,180,278 

1,055,591 

67,813 

2,942,048 

Consumer loans

Residential mortgage

473 

363 

13,133 

329,141 

343,110 

Home equity

731 

229 

3,147 

10,618 

14,725 

Other consumer

447 

19,703 

337,192 

68,116 

425,458 

Total consumer loans

1,651 

20,295 

353,472 

407,875 

783,293 

Total commercial and consumer loans

$

640,017 

$

1,200,573 

$

1,409,063 

$

475,688 

$

3,725,341 

The following table shows the rate sensitivity of the outstanding loans in our portfolio by the contractual maturity distribution intervals as of December 31, 2025.

(amounts in thousands)

Within 1 Year

1-5 Years

5-15 Years

Beyond 15 Years

Total

Fixed rate

$

60,523 

$

702,570 

$

1,020,338 

$

365,377 

$

2,148,808 

Variable rate

579,494 

498,003 

388,725 

110,311 

1,576,533 

Total commercial and consumer loans

$

640,017 

$

1,200,573 

$

1,409,063 

$

475,688 

$

3,725,341 

Loan Approval Procedures and Authority

Our lending activities follow written, non-discriminatory policies with loan approval limits approved by the Board of Directors of the Bank. Loan officers have underwriting and approval authorization of varying amounts based on their lending experience and product type. Additionally, based on the amount of the loan, multiple approvals may be required. Based on the Bank’s legal lending limit, the maximum it could lend to any one borrower at December 31, 2025 was $70.4 million.

Our goal is to have a well-diversified and balanced loan portfolio. In order to manage our loan portfolio risk, we establish concentration limits by borrower, product type, industry and geography. To supplement our internal loan review resources, we have engaged independent third-party loan review groups, which are a key component of our overall risk management process related to credit administration.

33

Asset Quality

December 31,

(dollars in thousands)

2025

2024

Nonaccrual loans

Commercial loans:

Commercial and industrial

$

240 

$

— 

Single tenant lease financing

1,665 

— 

Healthcare finance

2,596 

— 

Small business lending 1

19,781 

11,429 

Franchise finance

26,978 

10,382 

Total commercial loans

51,260 

21,811 

Consumer loans:

Residential mortgage

4,893 

4,083 

Other consumer

234 

61 

Total consumer loans

5,127 

4,144 

Total nonaccrual loans

56,387 

25,955 

Past due 90 days and accruing loans

Commercial loans:

Small business lending

— 

1,320 

Franchise finance

1,144 

— 

Total commercial loans

1,144 

1,320 

Consumer loans:

Residential mortgage

1,007 

1,142 

Other consumer

— 

4 

Total consumer loans

1,007 

1,146 

Total past due 90 days and accruing loans

2,151 

2,466 

Total nonperforming loans

58,538 

28,421 

Other real estate owned

Small business lending

2,631 

— 

Residential mortgage

— 

272 

Total other real estate owned

2,631 

272 

Other nonperforming assets

186 

212 

Total nonperforming assets

$

61,355 

$

28,905 

Total nonperforming loans to total loans

1.56 

%

0.68 

%

Total nonperforming assets to total assets

1.10 

%

0.50 

%

Allowance for credit losses - loans to total loans

1.49 

%

1.07 

%

Nonaccrual loans to total loans

1.50 

%

0.62 

%

Allowance for credit losses - loans to nonaccrual loans

98.8 

%

172.5 

%

Allowance for credit losses - loans to nonperforming loans

95.1 

%

157.5 

%

 1 Balances include $13.6 million and $4.9 million that are guaranteed by the U.S. government as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

A loan is individually evaluated, when, based on current information or events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due (principal and interest) according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Payments with delays generally not exceeding 90 days outstanding are not individually evaluated. Certain nonaccrual and substantially all delinquent loans more than 90 days past due may be individually evaluated. Generally, loans are placed on nonaccrual status at 90 days past due and accrued interest is reversed against earnings, unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. The

34

accrual of interest on individually evaluated loans is discontinued when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payments as they become due.

Individually evaluated loans include nonperforming loans and may also include loans where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions could include a reduction in the interest rate on the loan, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance, or other actions intended to maximize collection.

Nonperforming loans are comprised of total nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days past due and accruing. Nonperforming assets include nonperforming loans, other real estate owned (“OREO”) and other nonperforming assets, which consist of repossessed assets. Nonperforming assets could also include individual securities for which a credit loss has been recognized; however, we did not own any securities classified as such during the two-year period ended December 31, 2025.

Total nonperforming loans increased $30.1 million, or 106.0%, to $58.5 million as of December 31, 2025 compared to $28.4 million as of December 31, 2024, due primarily to an increase in nonperforming loans in the franchise finance and small business lending portfolios during the year. Total nonperforming assets increased $32.5 million, or 112.3%, to $61.4 million as of December 31, 2025, compared to $28.9 million as of December 31, 2024, due primarily to the aforementioned increase in nonperforming loans and an increase in OREO related to small business lending. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had three small business lending properties in OREO with a carrying value of $2.6 million. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had one residential mortgage property in OREO with a carrying value of $0.3 million.

35

Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans 

The following table provides a rollforward of the ACL on loans by loan portfolio segment for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024; however, allocation of a portion of the allowance to one segment does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other segments.

December 31,

(dollars in thousands)

2025

2024

Balance, beginning of period

$

44,769 

$

38,774 

Provision charged to expense

71,921 

18,815 

Losses charged off

Commercial and industrial

(153)

— 

Single tenant lease financing

— 

(195)

Small business lending

(39,650)

(10,441)

Franchise finance

(21,754)

(1,466)

Residential mortgage

(75)

(159)

Other consumer

(1,457)

(1,009)

Total losses charged off

(63,089)

(13,270)

Recoveries

Commercial and industrial

21 

8 

Small business lending

1,681 

325 

Franchise finance

94 

— 

Residential mortgage

19 

1 

Home equity

7 

7 

Other consumer

263 

109 

Total recoveries

2,085 

450 

Balance, end of period

$

55,686 

$

44,769 

Net charge-offs

$

61,004 

$

12,820 

Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans (annualized)

Commercial and industrial

0.11

%

(0.01

%)

Single tenant lease financing

— 

%

0.02 

%

Small business lending

8.16 

%

3.39 

%

Franchise Finance

4.48 

%

0.27 

%

      Total commercial net charge-offs

1.76

%

0.37

%

Residential mortgage

0.02 

%

0.04 

%

Home equity

(0.04

%)

(0.03

%)

Other consumer

0.41 

%

0.28 

%

                  Total consumer net charge-offs

0.16 

%

0.13 

%

Net charge-offs to average loans

1.45 

%

0.32 

%

The determination of the ACL and the related provision for credit losses are components of our significant accounting policies as discussed within Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements. The adequacy of the ACL and the provision are based on the review and evaluation of the loan portfolio and reflect management’s assessment of the risks and potential losses within the portfolio. This evaluation uses a discounted cash flow analysis based on historical loss data, reasonable and supportable forecasts and prepayment rates, as well as qualitative factors such as economic and business conditions, portfolio growth, concentrations of credit in the portfolio, trends in risk grades, delinquencies within the portfolio and changes in our lending policies and practices.

Management actively monitors asset quality and, when appropriate, charges off loans against the ACL. Although management believes it uses the best information available to make determinations with respect to the ACL, future adjustments may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from those in the assumptions used to determine the size of the ACL.

36

The ACL was $55.7 million as of December 31, 2025, compared to $44.8 million as of December 31, 2024. The increase in the ACL reflects updated assumptions to the Company’s CECL model, including updates that significantly increased the ACL related to small business lending, as well as additional specific reserves related to franchise finance loans that were placed on nonaccrual during the year, partially offset by the removal of specific reserves for small business lending and franchise finance loans that were charged off. Furthermore, the ACL as a percentage of total loans was impacted by lower total loan balances following the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans. The ACL as a percentage of total loans was 1.49% as of December 31, 2025, compared to 1.07% at December 31, 2024. The ACL as a percentage of nonperforming loans decreased to 95.1% as of December 31, 2025, compared to 157.5% as of December 31, 2024, as the increase in nonperforming loans outweighed the increase in the ACL.

The provision for credit losses - loans was $71.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 compared to $18.8 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024. The increase in the provision for credit losses - loans for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 was driven primarily by the net charge-offs and the increase in the ACL related to small business lending and the additional specific reserves related to franchise finance discussed above, partially offset by the decrease in the ACL resulting from the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans mentioned above and by the decrease in specific reserves related to small business lending and franchise finance loans that were charged off.

Investment Securities Portfolio

In managing our investment securities portfolio, management focuses on providing an adequate level of liquidity and managing long-term interest rate risk, while earning an adequate level of investment income without taking undue credit risk. Investment securities that are acquired and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term with the objective of generating economic profits on short-term differences in market characteristics are classified as “trading securities.” We did not classify any securities as trading securities as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. Securities that we intend to hold until maturity are classified as “held-to-maturity” securities, and all other investment securities are classified as “available-for-sale.” The carrying values of available-for-sale investment securities are adjusted for unrealized gains or losses as a valuation allowance and any gain or loss is reported on an after-tax basis as a component of other comprehensive (loss) income.

We periodically evaluate each security in an unrealized loss position to determine if there is an impairment. As of December 31, 2025, the unrealized losses in our investment securities portfolio were due primarily to interest rate changes. We have the ability and intent to hold all investment securities in an unrealized loss position resulting from interest rate changes to the earlier of the forecasted recovery or the maturity of the underlying investment security. As of December 31, 2025, and 2024, we did not have any investment securities of a single issuer that exceeded 10% of shareholders’ equity. The term “issuer” excludes the U.S. Government and its sponsored agencies and corporations.

37

The following tables present the amortized cost and approximate fair value of our investment securities portfolio by security type as of the end of the last two years.   

(amounts in thousands)

December 31,

Amortized Cost

2025

2024

Securities available-for-sale

U.S. Government-sponsored agencies

$

64,298 

$

83,811 

Municipal securities

64,777 

67,441 

Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential

409,718 

300,914 

Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial

59,112 

64,214 

Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential

124,264 

46,623 

Asset-backed securities

42,492 

23,802 

Corporate securities

37,761 

40,049 

Total securities available-for-sale

802,422 

626,854 

Securities held-to-maturity, net carrying value

Municipal securities

11,006 

12,843 

Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential

213,530 

201,840 

Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial

5,635 

5,705 

Corporate securities

20,438 

29,408 

Total securities held-to-maturity, net carrying value

250,609 

249,796 

Total securities

$

1,053,031 

$

876,650 

(amounts in thousands)

December 31,

Approximate Fair Value

2025

2024

Securities available-for-sale

U.S. Government-sponsored agencies

$

63,764 

$

82,816 

Municipal securities

63,386 

63,654 

Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential

389,457 

269,641 

Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial

58,477 

63,331 

Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential

123,673 

45,821 

Asset-backed securities

42,553 

23,821 

Corporate securities

37,377 

38,271 

Total securities available-for-sale

778,687 

587,355 

Securities held-to-maturity

Municipal securities

10,551 

11,925 

Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential

203,715 

184,412 

Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial

4,720 

4,548 

Corporate securities

19,829 

27,966 

Total securities held-to-maturity

238,815 

228,851 

Total securities

$

1,017,502 

$

816,206 

The approximate fair value of investment securities available-for-sale increased $191.3 million, or 32.6%, to $778.7 million as of December 31, 2025 compared to $587.4 million as of December 31, 2024. The increase was due primarily to increases of $119.8 million in agency mortgage-backed securities - residential, $77.9 million in private label mortgage-backed securities - residential and $18.7 million in asset-backed securities, partially offset by decreases of $19.1 million in U.S. Government-sponsored agencies securities and $4.9 million in agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial. The Company deployed liquidity during 2025 primarily into new purchases of available-for-sale variable-rate mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, which was partially offset by net pay down activity in other security types. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had securities with a net carrying value of $250.6 million designated as held-to-maturity compared to $249.8 million as of December 31, 2024. The slight increase was due primarily to purchases of CRA-eligible agency mortgage-backed securities - residential made in the first quarter 2025, which was partially offset by net paydown activity of corporate and municipal securities.

38

Investment Maturities

The following table summarizes the contractual maturity schedule (without regard to repricing schedules) of our investment securities at their amortized cost and their weighted average yields at December 31, 2025.

(dollars in thousands)

1 year or less

More than 1 year 

to 5 years

More than 5 years 

to 10 years

More than 10 years

Total

Securities:

Amortized

Cost

Wtd.

Avg.

Yield1

Amortized

Cost

Wtd.

Avg.

Yield1

Amortized

Cost

Wtd.

Avg.

Yield1

Amortized

Cost

Wtd.

Avg.

Yield1

Amortized

Cost

Wtd.

Avg.

Yield1

U.S. Government-sponsored agencies

$

1 

2.58 

%

$

5,853 

5.57 

%

$

17,123 

4.77 

%

$

41,322 

4.81 

%

$

64,299 

4.87 

%

Municipal securities

2,270 

3.02 

%

9,443 

3.29 

%

39,367 

2.92 

%

24,703 

2.98 

%

75,783 

2.99 

%

Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential

— 

— 

%

518 

1.78 

%

8,768 

1.95 

%

613,961 

3.73 

%

623,247 

3.71 

%

Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial

— 

— 

%

22,703 

4.19 

%

16,555 

4.98

%

25,489 

3.69 

%

64,747 

4.19 

%

Private-label mortgage-backed securities - residential

— 

— 

%

— 

— 

%

— 

— 

%

124,264 

5.06 

%

124,264 

5.06 

%

Asset-backed securities

— 

— 

%

— 

— 

%

— 

— 

%

42,492 

5.34 

%

42,492 

5.34 

%

Corporate securities

— 

— 

%

29,547 

5.65 

%

28,652 

6.00 

%

— 

— 

%

58,199 

5.82 

%

Total securities

$

2,271 

3.02 

%

$

68,064 

4.80 

%

$

110,465 

4.24 

%

$

872,231 

4.03 

%

$

1,053,031 

4.10 

%

  1 Weighted-average yields are calculated on a fully-taxable equivalent basis using the federal statutory rate of 21% for 2025.

Accrued Income and Other Assets

Accrued income and other assets increased $26.1 million, or 41.4%, to $89.1 million at December 31, 2025 compared to $63.0 million at December 31, 2024. The increase was due primarily to increases of $14.5 million in deferred tax assets and $10.4 million in equity investments.

Deposits  

The following table presents the composition of our deposit base as of the end of the last two years.

December 31,

(dollars in thousands)

2025

2024

Noninterest-bearing deposits

$

146,879 

3.0 

%

$

136,451 

2.8 

%

Interest-bearing demand deposits

1,120,850 

23.2 

%

896,661 

18.2 

%

Savings accounts

18,991 

0.4 

%

19,823 

0.4 

%

Money market accounts

1,272,845 

26.3 

%

1,183,789 

24.0 

%

Certificates of deposits

2,004,909 

41.4 

%

2,133,455 

43.2 

%

Brokered deposits

275,339 

5.7 

%

563,027 

11.4 

%

Total

$

4,839,813 

100.0 

%

$

4,933,206 

100.0 

%

Total deposits decreased $93.4 million, or 1.9%, to $4.8 billion as of December 31, 2025 compared to $4.9 billion as of December 31, 2024. This decrease was due primarily to decreases of $287.7 million, or 51.1%, in brokered deposits and $128.5 million, or 6.0%, in certificates of deposits, partially offset by increases of $224.2 million, or 25.0%, in interest-bearing demand deposits, $89.1 million, or 7.5%, in money market accounts and $10.4 million, or 7.6%, in noninterest-bearing deposits. The Company experienced strong growth in fintech partnership deposits during 2025, driving the increases in interest-bearing demand and noninterest-bearing deposits. The strong growth, combined with liquidity from the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans, provided the ability to pay down maturing higher-cost brokered deposits and certificates of deposit. Additionally, following the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans, the Company moved a significant amount of fintech partnership deposits off-balance sheet in order to manage the size of the balance sheet and improve profitability and balance sheet metrics. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had $859.9 million of fintech deposits on-balance sheet and $1.1 billion of deposits off-balance sheet, providing flexibility for future funding and liquidity needs.

Uninsured deposit balances represented 33% of total deposits at December 31, 2025, up from 25% at December 31, 2024. These balances include Indiana-based municipal deposits, which are insured by the Indiana Board for Depositories, as well as larger balance accounts under contractual agreements that only allow withdrawal under certain conditions. After

39

subtracting these types of deposits, the adjusted uninsured deposit balance drops to 27% as of December 31, 2025, compared to 20% as of December 31, 2024.

The following tables present contractual interest rates paid on time deposits and brokered deposits, their scheduled maturities, and the scheduled maturities for time deposits greater than $250,000.

Time Deposit Maturities at December 31, 2025

Period to Maturity

Percentage of Total Certificate Accounts

(dollars in thousands)

Less than 1

year

 1 year

to 2 years

 2 years

to 3 years

More than

3 years

Total

Interest Rate:

1.00%

$

36,510 

$

34,869 

$

— 

$

— 

$

71,379 

3.3 

%

1.00% – 1.99%

8,948 

226 

— 

— 

9,174 

0.4 

%

2.00% – 2.99%

810 

738 

— 

— 

1,548 

0.1 

%

3.00% – 3.99%

21,209 

48,351 

1,810 

2,100 

73,470 

3.4 

%

4.00% – 4.99%

1,188,886 

128,190 

106,877 

212,455 

1,636,408 

76.1 

%

5.00% – 5.99%

123,118 

73,378 

59,491 

103,359 

359,346 

16.7 

%

Total

$

1,379,481 

$

285,752 

$

168,178 

$

317,914 

$

2,151,325 

100.0 

%

Time Deposit Maturities Greater than $250,000

(amounts in thousands)

December 31, 2025

Maturity Period:

3 months or less

$

126,586 

Over 3 through 6 months

134,091 

Over 6 through 12 months

131,163 

Over 12 months

213,415 

Total

$

605,255 

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances

Although deposits are the primary source of funds for our lending and investment activities and for general business purposes, we may use short-term advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis (the “FHLB”) to manage liquidity needs and longer-term advances to supplement deposit growth and manage interest rate risk. The following table is a summary of FHLB borrowings for the periods indicated. 

At or For The Twelve Months Ended December 31,

(dollars in thousands)

2025

2024

Balance outstanding at end of period

$

249,500 

$

295,000 

Average amount outstanding during period

316,638 

524,143 

Maximum outstanding at any month end during period

557,241 

614,934 

Weighted average interest rate at end of period

3.56 

%

3.39 

%

Weighted average interest rate during period

3.67 

%

2.93 

%

Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other liabilities decreased $2.6 million, or 14.4%, to $15.4 million at December 31, 2025, compared to $17.9 million at December 31, 2024. The decrease was due primarily to decreases of $3.0 million in accrued salary and benefits and $1.1 million in other accrued expenses, partially offset by increases of $1.1 million in unfunded commitments and $0.4 million in the reserve for unfunded loan commitments

40

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity management is the process used by the Company to manage the continuing flow of funds necessary to meet its financial commitments on a timely basis and at a reasonable cost while also maintaining safe and sound operations. Liquidity, represented by cash and investment securities, is a product of the Company’s operating, investing and financing activities. The primary sources of funds are deposits, principal and interest payments on loans and investment securities, maturing loans and investment securities, access to wholesale funding sources and collateralized borrowings. While scheduled payments and maturities of loans and investment securities are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows are greatly influenced by interest rates, general economic conditions and competition. Therefore, the Company may supplement deposit growth and enhance interest rate risk management through borrowings and wholesale funding, which are generally advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank and brokered deposits.

The Company holds cash and investment securities that qualify as liquid assets to maintain adequate liquidity to ensure safe and sound operations and meet its financial commitments. At December 31, 2025, on a consolidated basis, the Company had $1.2 billion in cash and cash equivalents and investment securities available-for-sale, and $108.6 million in loans held-for-sale that were generally available for our cash needs. Importantly, the Company also had access to an additional $1.1 billion in the form of off-balance sheet deposits sold into the IntraFi deposit network. In addition, the Company can generate funds from wholesale funding sources and collateralized borrowings. At December 31, 2025, the Company had the ability to borrow an additional $1.7 billion from the Federal Home Loan Bank, Federal Reserve and correspondent bank Fed Funds lines of credit.

The Company is a separate legal entity from the Bank and must provide for its own liquidity. In addition to its operating expenses, the Company is responsible for paying any dividends declared to its common shareholders and interest and principal on outstanding debt. The Company’s primary sources of funds are cash maintained at the holding company level and dividends from the Bank, the payment of which is subject to regulatory limits. At December 31, 2025, the Company, on an unconsolidated basis, had $14.5 million in cash generally available for its cash needs, which is in excess of its current annual regular shareholder dividend and operating expenses.

The Company uses its sources of funds primarily to meet ongoing financial commitments, including withdrawals by depositors, credit commitments to borrowers, operating expenses and capital expenditures. At December 31, 2025, approved outstanding loan commitments, including unused lines of credit and standby letters of credit, amounted to $617.6 million. Certificates of deposits and brokered certificates of deposits scheduled to mature in one year or less at December 31, 2025 totaled $1.4 billion.

At December 31, 2025, capital ratios for the Company and the Bank were above regulatory requirements for well-capitalized institutions. Refer to “Note 14: Regulatory Capital Requirements” for additional information regarding regulatory capital requirements.

Management is not aware of any other events or regulatory requirements that, if implemented, are likely to have a material effect on either the Company’s or the Bank’s liquidity.

The following table presents the Company’s significant contractual obligations as of December 31, 2025.

Payments Due In

(amounts in thousands)

Note Reference

Less than 1 year

1-3 years

3-5 years

More than 5 years

Total

Deposits and brokered deposits without stated maturity1

8

$

2,688,488 

$

— 

$

— 

$

— 

$

2,688,488 

Certificates of deposits and brokered deposits1

8

1,381,591 

452,184 

317,550 

— 

2,151,325 

FHLB advances1

9

10,000 

89,500 

— 

150,000 

249,500 

Subordinated debt1

10

— 

— 

107,000 

— 

107,000 

Total contractual obligations

$

4,080,079 

$

541,684 

$

424,550 

$

150,000 

$

5,196,313 

1 Amounts do not include associated interest payments.

On December 19, 2022, the Company's Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program that authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of our outstanding common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The stock repurchase authorization expired on December 31, 2024. Under the program, the Company repurchased 559,522 shares of common stock, at an average price of $19.06, for a total investment of $10.7 million.

41

On October 20, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of the Company's outstanding common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. Under the program, the Company repurchased 27,998 shares of common stock, at an average price of $18.64, for a total investment of $0.5 million as of December 31, 2025. The stock repurchase authorization is scheduled to expire on September 30, 2027.

42

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This Management's Discussion and Analysis contains financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures, specifically tangible common equity, tangible assets, tangible book value per common share, tangible common equity to tangible assets, average tangible common equity, return on average tangible common equity, total interest income - FTE, net interest income - FTE, net interest margin - FTE, adjusted total revenue, pre-provision net revenue, adjusted pre-provision net revenue, adjusted noninterest income, adjusted noninterest expense, adjusted (loss) income before income taxes, adjusted income tax (benefit) provision, adjusted net (loss) income, adjusted diluted earnings per share, adjusted return on average assets, adjusted return on average shareholders’ equity and adjusted return on average tangible common equity are used by the Company's management to measure the strength of its capital and analyze profitability, including its ability to generate earnings on tangible capital invested by its shareholders. The Company also believes that it is standard practice in the banking industry to present total interest income, net interest income and net interest margin on a fully-taxable equivalent basis, as those measures provide useful information for peer comparisons. Although the Company believes these non-GAAP financial measures provide a greater understanding of its business, they should not be considered a substitute for financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP financial measures that may be presented by other companies. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures are included in the following tables for the last three completed fiscal years ended on December 31.

43

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

At or For The Twelve Months Ended December 31,

2025

2024

2023

Total equity - GAAP

$

359,767 

$

384,063 

$

362,795 

Adjustments:

     Goodwill

(4,687)

(4,687)

(4,687)

Tangible common equity

$

355,080 

$

379,376 

$

358,108 

Total assets - GAAP

$

5,571,647 

$

5,737,859 

$

5,167,572 

Adjustments:

     Goodwill

(4,687)

(4,687)

(4,687)

Tangible assets

$

5,566,960 

$

5,733,172 

$

5,162,885 

Total common shares outstanding

8,686,994 

8,667,894 

8,644,451 

Book value per common share

$

41.41 

$

44.31 

$

41.97 

Effect of goodwill

(0.54)

(0.54)

(0.54)

Tangible book value per common share

$

40.87 

$

43.77 

$

41.43 

Total shareholders’ equity to assets

6.46 

%

6.69 

%

7.02 

%

Effect of goodwill

(0.08 

%)

(0.07 

%)

(0.08 

%)

Tangible common equity to tangible assets

6.38 

%

6.62 

%

6.94 

%

Total average equity - GAAP

$

384,432 

$

377,215 

$

357,800 

Adjustments:

     Average goodwill

(4,687)

(4,687)

(4,687)

Average tangible common equity

$

379,745 

$

372,528 

$

353,113 

Return on average shareholders' equity

(9.15 

%)

6.70 

%

2.35 

%

Effect of goodwill

(0.11 

%)

0.08 

%

0.03 

%

Return on average tangible common equity

(9.26 

%)

6.78 

%

2.38 

%

Total interest income

$

320,157 

$

291,887 

$

239,442 

Adjustments:

     Fully-taxable equivalent adjustments1

4,645 

4,650 

5,233 

Total interest income - FTE

$

324,802 

$

296,537 

$

244,675 

Net interest income

$

113,760 

$

87,377 

$

74,904 

Adjustments:

     Fully-taxable equivalent adjustments1

4,645 

4,650 

5,233 

Net interest income - FTE

$

118,405 

$

92,027 

$

80,137 

Net interest margin

2.01 

%

1.65 

%

1.56 

%

Effect of fully-taxable equivalent adjustments1

0.08 

%

0.09 

%

0.11 

%

Net interest margin - FTE

2.09 

%

1.74 

%

1.67 

%

1Assuming a 21% tax rate

44

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

At or For The Twelve Months Ended December 31,

2025

2024

2023

Total revenue - GAAP

$

116,472 

$

134,722 

$

101,029 

Adjustments:

   Loss on sale of loans

38,234 

— 

— 

   Mortgage-related revenue

— 

— 

(65)

   Gain on prepayment of FHLB advances

— 

(1,829)

— 

   Gain on termination of interest rate swaps

— 

(2,904)

— 

Adjusted total revenue

$

154,706 

$

129,989 

$

100,964 

Net (loss) income - GAAP

$

(35,168)

$

25,276 

$

8,417 

Adjustments:1

   Provision for credit losses

72,314 

17,070 

16,653 

   Income tax (benefit) provision

(15,701)

2,266 

(3,477)

Pre-provision net revenue

$

21,445 

$

44,612 

$

21,593 

Pre-provision net revenue

$

21,445 

$

44,612 

$

21,593 

Adjustments:1

   Loss on sale of loans

38,234 

— 

— 

   Mortgage-related revenue

— 

— 

(65)

   IT termination fees

— 

357 

— 

   Anniversary expenses

— 

95 

— 

   Gain on prepayment of FHLB advances

— 

(1,829)

— 

   Gain on termination of swaps

— 

(2,904)

— 

Adjusted pre-provision net revenue

$

59,679 

$

40,331 

$

21,528 

Noninterest income - GAAP

$

2,712 

$

47,345 

$

26,125 

Adjustments:

   Loss on sale of loans

38,234 

— 

— 

   Mortgage-related revenue

— 

— 

(65)

   Gain on prepayment of FHLB advances

— 

(1,829)

— 

   Gain on termination of interest rate swaps

— 

(2,904)

— 

Adjusted noninterest income

$

40,946 

$

42,612 

$

26,060 

Noninterest expense - GAAP

$

95,027 

$

90,110 

$

79,436 

Adjustments:

   Mortgage-related costs

— 

— 

(3,052)

   IT termination fees

— 

(452)

— 

   Anniversary expenses

— 

(120)

— 

Adjusted noninterest expense

$

95,027 

$

89,538 

$

76,384 

Income (loss) before income taxes - GAAP

$

(50,869)

$

27,542 

$

4,940 

Adjustments:1

  Loss on sale of loans

38,234 

   Mortgage-related revenue

— 

— 

(65)

   Mortgage-related costs

— 

— 

3,052 

   Partial charge-off of C&I participation loan

— 

— 

6,914 

   IT termination fees

— 

452 

— 

   Anniversary expenses

— 

120 

— 

   Gain on prepayment of FHLB advances

— 

(1,829)

— 

   Gain on termination of interest rate swaps

— 

(2,904)

— 

Adjusted income before income taxes

$

(12,635)

$

23,381 

$

14,841 

1Assuming a 21% tax rate

45

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

At or For The Twelve Months Ended December 31,

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

2025

2024

2023

Income tax (benefit) provision - GAAP

$

(15,701)

$

2,266 

$

(3,477)

Adjustments:1

   Loss on sale of loans

8,785 

— 

— 

   Mortgage-related revenue

— 

— 

(14)

   Mortgage-related costs

— 

— 

641 

   Partial charge-off of C&I participation loan

— 

— 

1,452 

   IT termination fees

— 

95 

— 

   Anniversary expenses

— 

25 

— 

   Gain on prepayment of FHLB advances

— 

(384)

— 

   Gain on termination of interest rate swaps

— 

(610)

— 

Adjusted income tax (benefit) provision

$

(6,916)

$

1,392 

$

(1,398)

Net (loss) income - GAAP

$

(35,168)

$

25,276 

$

8,417 

Adjustments:

   Loss on sale of loans

29,449 

— 

— 

   Mortgage-related revenue

— 

— 

(51)

   Mortgage-related costs

— 

— 

2,411 

    Partial charge-off of C&I participation loan

— 

— 

5,462 

   IT termination fees

— 

357 

— 

   Anniversary expenses

— 

95 

— 

   Gain on prepayment of FHLB advances

— 

(1,445)

— 

   Gain on termination of interest rate swaps

— 

(2,294)

— 

Adjusted net (loss) income

$

(5,719)

$

21,989 

$

16,239 

Diluted average common shares outstanding

8,729,970 

8,765,725 

8,858,890 

Diluted (loss) earnings per share - GAAP

$

(4.03)

$

2.88 

$

0.95 

Adjustments:

   Effect of loss on sale of loans

3.37 

— 

— 

   Effect of mortgage-related revenue

— 

— 

(0.01)

   Effect of mortgage-related costs

— 

— 

0.27 

   Effect of partial charge-off of C&I participation loan

— 

— 

0.62 

   Effect of IT termination fees

— 

0.04 

— 

   Effect of anniversary expenses

— 

0.01 

— 

   Effect of gain on prepayment of FHLB advances

— 

(0.16)

— 

   Effect of gain on termination of interest rate swaps

— 

(0.26)

— 

Adjusted diluted (loss) earnings per share

$

(0.66)

$

2.51 

$

1.83 

Return on average assets

(0.60 

%)

0.46 

%

0.17 

%

   Effect of loss on sale of loans

0.50 

%

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

   Effect of mortgage-related revenue

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

   Effect of mortgage-related costs

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

0.05 

%

   Effect of partial charge-off of C&I participation loan

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

0.11 

%

   Effect of IT termination fees

0.00 

%

0.01 

%

0.00 

%

   Effect of gain on prepayment of FHLB advances

0.00 

%

(0.03 

%)

0.00 

%

   Effect of gain on termination of interest rate swaps

0.00 

%

(0.04 

%)

0.00 

%

Adjusted return on average assets

(0.10 

%)

0.40 

%

0.33 

%

1Assuming a 21% tax rate

46

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

At or For The Twelve Months Ended December 31,

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

2025

2024

2023

Return on average shareholders' equity

(9.15 

%)

6.70 

%

2.35 

%

   Effect of loss on sale of loans

7.66 

%

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

   Effect of mortgage-related revenue

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

(0.01 

%)

   Effect of mortgage-related costs

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

0.67 

%

   Effect of partial charge-off of C&I participation loan

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

1.53 

%

   Effect of IT termination fees

0.00 

%

0.09 

%

0.00 

%

   Effect of anniversary expenses

0.00 

%

0.03 

%

0.00 

%

   Effect of gain on prepayment of FHLB advances

0.00 

%

(0.38 

%)

0.00 

%

   Effect of gain on termination of interest rate swaps

0.00 

%

(0.61 

%)

0.00 

%

Adjusted return on average shareholders' equity

(1.49 

%)

5.83 

%

4.54 

%

Return on average tangible common equity

(9.26 

%)

6.78 

%

2.38 

%

   Effect of loss on sale of loans

7.75 

%

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

   Effect of mortgage-related revenue

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

(0.01 

%)

   Effect of mortgage-related costs

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

0.68 

%

   Effect of partial charge-off of C&I participation loan

0.00 

%

0.00 

%

1.55 

%

   Effect of IT termination fees

0.00 

%

0.10 

%

0.00 

%

   Effect of anniversary expenses

0.00 

%

0.03 

%

0.00 

%

   Effect of gain on prepayment of FHLB advances

0.00 

%

(0.39 

%)

0.00 

%

   Effect of gain on termination of interest rate swaps

0.00 

%

(0.62 

%)

0.00 

%

Adjusted return on average tangible common equity

(1.51 

%)

5.90 

%

4.60 

%

47

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

ACL - Loans

Management considers the policies related to the ACL- loans to be critical to the financial statement presentation. The total allowance for credit losses on loans includes activity related to allowances calculated in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. The ACL for loans represents management's estimate of all expected credit losses over the expected life of the Company’s existing loan portfolio. Management estimates the ACL balance using relevant available information about the collectability of cash flows, from internal and external sources, including historical information relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. When the Company is unable to forecast future economic events, management may revert to historical information.

Accrued interest receivable on loans is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. The Company made the accounting policy election to not measure an ACL for accrued interest receivable. Accrued interest deemed uncollectible will be written off through interest income.

ACL - Loans - Collectively Evaluated

The ACL is measured on a collective pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist.

The Company utilized a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) method to estimate the quantitative portion of the allowance for credit losses for loans evaluated on a collective pooled basis. For each segment, a loss driver analysis was performed in order to identify loss drivers and create a regression model for use in forecasting cash flows.

In creating the DCF model, the Company has established a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period with a one-year straight line reversion to the long-term historical average for most segments. Due to its limited loss history, the Company elected to use peer data for a more reasonable calculation.

Key inputs into the DCF model include loan-level detail, including the amortized cost basis of individual loans, payment structure, loss history, and forecasted loss drivers. The Company utilizes a third party to provide economic forecasts under various scenarios, which are assessed quarterly considering the scenarios in the context of the current economic environment and loss risk.

Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans and adjusted for prepayments when appropriate. The contractual term excludes extensions, renewals, and modifications unless the extension or renewal options are included in the original or modified contract at the reporting date and are not unconditionally cancellable by the Company.

Additional key assumptions in the DCF model include the probability of default (“PD”), loss given default (“LGD”), and prepayment/curtailment rates. The Company utilizes the model-driven PD and a LGD derived from a method referred to as Frye Jacobs. The Frye Jacobs method is a mathematical formula that traces the relationship between LGD and PD over time and projects the LGD based on the level of PD forecasted. In all cases, the Frye Jacobs method is utilized to calculate LGDs during the forecast period, reversion period and long-term historical average. Prepayment and curtailment rates were calculated through third party analysis of the Company’s own data.

Qualitative factors for the DCF and weighted-average remaining maturity methodologies include the following:

•Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collections, charge-offs and recovery practices

•Changes in international, national, regional and local conditions

•Changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and terms of loans

•Changes in the experience, depth and ability of lending management

•Changes in the volume and severity of past due loans and other similar conditions

•Changes in the quality of the organization’s loan review system

•Changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans

•The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the levels of such concentrations

48

•The effect of other external factors (i.e. competition, legal and regulatory requirements) on the level of estimated credit losses

ACL - Loans - Individually Evaluated

Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis and are excluded from the collective evaluation. The Company has determined that any loans which have been placed on nonaccrual status will be individually evaluated. Individual analysis will establish a specific reserve for loans, if necessary. Specific reserves on nonaccrual loans are typically based on management’s best estimate of the fair value of collateral securing these loans, adjusted for selling costs as necessary.

ACL - Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures

The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The allowance on off-balance sheet credit exposure is recorded as a liability and adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life. Funding rates are based on a historical analysis of the Company’s portfolio, while estimates of credit losses are determined using the same loss rates as funded loans.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Note 23 to our consolidated financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the ordinary course of business, we may enter into financial transactions to extend credit, engage in interest rate swaps or other forms of commitments that may be considered off-balance sheet arrangements. Interest rate swaps were arranged to receive hedge accounting treatment and were classified as either fair value or cash flow hedges. Fair value hedges were purchased to convert certain fixed rate assets to floating rate. Cash flow hedges were used to convert certain variable rate liabilities into fixed rate liabilities. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, we had no interest rate swaps that were classified as either fair value or cash flow hedges. Refer to Note 18 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information about derivative financial instruments.

49