EAGLE FINANCIAL SERVICES INC (EFSI)

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The purpose of this discussion is to focus on certain information relevant to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the 2025 Form 10-K, and in conjunction with the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto presented in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements, of this Form 10-Q. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full-year ending December 31, 2026 or any future period.

GENERAL

Eagle Financial Services, Inc. is a bank holding company which owns 100% of the stock of Bank of Clarke (the “Bank” and, collectively with Eagle Financial Services, Inc., the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”). Accordingly, the results of operations for the Company are dependent upon the operations of the Bank.

The Bank conducts a commercial banking business which consists of attracting deposits from the general public and investing those funds in commercial, consumer and real estate loans and mortgage-backed securities, municipal and U.S. government agency securities. The Bank’s deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to the maximum extent permitted by law.

The Company strives to be an outstanding financial institution in its market by: building solid sustainable relationships with its customers, employees, communities, and shareholders; offering best-in-class products and services; and being the leader in the markets it serves.

At March 31, 2026, the Company had total assets of $1.84 billion, net loans of $1.44 billion, total deposits of $1.60 billion, and shareholders’ equity of $190.3 million.

The Company has continued to build on its strategic actions taken during 2025, which was marked by a successful capital raise and balance sheet repositioning of its investment securities portfolio. These actions strengthened its balance sheet and improved its forward earnings profile. Our vision for 2026 is about disciplined growth with smart investment and continued focus on people and technology, which we believe will lead to stronger core earnings and a balance sheet positioned for more consistent results.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), which requires us to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates, assumptions and judgments are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; accordingly, as this information changes, the financial statements may reflect different estimates, assumptions and judgments. Certain policies inherently rely more extensively on the use of estimates, assumptions and judgments and as such may have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported.

Our most significant policies are described in in Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 1 to our audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025, included in the Company's 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC. There have been no changes since that time.

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NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

This report refers to certain financial measures that are computed under a basis other than GAAP ("non-GAAP"). The Company uses certain non-GAAP financial measures, including non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP noninterest income, non-GAAP earnings per share, non-GAAP return on average equity and average assets, tax-equivalent net interest income and efficiency ratio, to provide meaningful supplemental information regarding the Company's operational performance and to enhance investors' overall understanding of such financial performance. The methodology for determining these non-GAAP measures may differ among companies. Non-GAAP measures are supplemental and not a substitute for, or more important than, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures which may be presented by other companies.

There were no significant non-recurring transactions executed during the first quarter of 2026 that substantially impacted the Company's operating results, unlike during the 2025 quarter. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company executed balance sheet repositioning transactions and recorded a realized loss on the sale of the available for sale securities totaling $12.4 million. This loss significantly impacted the Company's operating results and certain performance metrics and ratios for three months ended March 31, 2025.

The following table reconciles the GAAP reported measure to the adjusted non-GAAP measure to show the impact of significant non-recurring transactions for the periods presented:

For additional information and calculations of tax-equivalent net interest income and efficiency ratio, see the sections entitled "Tax-Equivalent Net Interest Income" and "Efficiency Ratio" below.

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FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains statements that are "forward looking statements." The Company may also make forward looking statements in other documents that are filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in our annual reports to shareholders, in press releases and other written materials, and in oral statements made by our officers, directors, or employees. Forward looking statements include statements regarding our expectations, intentions, and objectives, or other expressions that predict or indicate future events and trends and which do not relate to historical matters. The words “believe,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “should,” "could," “projects,” “contemplates,” “anticipates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” or other similar words or terms are intended to identify forward looking statements. You should not rely on forward looking statements, as they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. These risks, uncertainties, and other factors may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different than the anticipated future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward looking statements.

Some of the factors that might cause these differences include the following:

•
difficult market conditions in our industry;

•
the ability to successfully manage growth or implement growth strategies if the Bank is unable to identify attractive markets, locations or opportunities to expand in the future or if the Bank is unable to successfully integrate new branches, business lines or other growth opportunities into its existing operations;

•
competition with other banks and financial institutions, and companies outside of the banking industry, including those companies that have substantially greater access to capital and other resources;

•
the successful management of interest rate risk;

•
risks inherent in making loans such as repayment risks and fluctuating collateral values;

•
the Company's ability to successfully resolve non-performing assets;

•
changes in general economic and business conditions in the Bank’s market area;

•
reliance on the Bank’s management team, including the ability to attract and retain key personnel;

•
changes in interest rates and interest rate policies;

•
maintaining capital levels adequate to support growth;

•
maintaining cost controls and asset qualities as new branches are opened or acquired;

•
demand, development and acceptance of new products and services;

•
deposit flows;

•
the Bank's ability to manage liquidity;

•
the cost and availability of secondary funding sources;

•
effects of soundness of other financial institutions;

•
problems with technology utilized by the Bank;

•
changing trends in customer profiles and behavior;

•
geopolitical conditions, including acts or threats of terrorism, international hostilities, or actions taken by the U.S. or other governments in response to acts or threats of terrorism and/or military conflicts, which could impact business and economic conditions in the U.S. and abroad;

•
the economic impact of duties, tariffs or other barriers or restrictions on trade, any retaliatory counter measures, or the volatility and uncertainty arising there from;

•
political developments, including government shutdowns, and other significant disruptions and changes in the funding, size, scope, and efficiencies of the federal government, its agencies and services;

•
the Company's potential exposure to fraud, negligence, computer theft, and cyber-crime;

•
potential impact on us of existing and future legislation and regulations;

•
changes in accounting policies and banking and other law and regulations; and

•
other factors described in Item 1A., "Risk Factors," in the Company's 2025 Form 10-K.

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You should carefully review all of these factors and you should be aware that there may be other factors that cause these differences. These forward looking statements were based on information, plans, and estimates at the date of this report, and we assume no obligation to update any forward looking statements to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, future events or other changes.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Summary

The following table presents a summarized consolidated statement of operations for the periods indicated:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","Three Months Ended"],["","","March 31,","","","Change"],["(dollars in thousands)","","2026","","","2025","","","$ Change","","","% Change"],["Net interest income","","$","15,903","","","$","13,336","","","$","2,567","","","","19","%"],["Noninterest income (loss)","","","4,928","","","","(8,554",")","","","13,482","","","","158","%"],["Net revenues","","","20,831","","","","4,782","","","","16,049","","","","336","%"],["Provision for credit losses","","","1,961","","","","1,233","","","","728","","","","59","%"],["Noninterest expense","","","14,212","","","","12,589","","","","1,623","","","","13","%"],["Income (loss) before income taxes","","","4,658","","","","(9,040",")","","","13,698","","","","152","

[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation

The purpose of this discussion is to focus on certain information relevant to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto presented in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Form 10-K. Operating results for the year ended December 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results for any future period.

GENERAL

Eagle Financial Services, Inc. is a bank holding company which owns 100% of the stock of Bank of Clarke (the “Bank” and, collectively with Eagle Financial Services, Inc., the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”). Accordingly, the results of operations for the Company are dependent upon the operations of the Bank.

The Bank conducts a commercial banking business which consists of attracting deposits from the general public and investing those funds in commercial, consumer and real estate loans and mortgage-backed securities, municipal and U.S. government agency securities. The Bank’s deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to the maximum extent permitted by law.

The Company strives to be an outstanding financial institution in its market by building solid sustainable relationships with its customers, employees, communities, and shareholders.

At December 31, 2025, the Company had total assets of $1.89 billion, net loans of $1.46 billion, total deposits of $1.61 billion, and shareholders’ equity of $188.8 million.

During 2025, the Company strengthened its balance sheet and improved its forward earnings profile, as marked by a successful capital raise, a strategic balance sheet repositioning of its investment securities portfolio, and subsequent uplist of its stock to NASDAQ. The Company sold available for sale securities with an amortized cost balance of $99.2 million, resulting in a net realized pre-tax loss of $12.4 million, and reinvested $66.0 million into purchases of available for sale securities. Additionally, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 1,796,875 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $32.00 per share. Net proceeds from the offering were $53.5 million. Also during 2025, the Company opened a full-service branch in McLean, VA offering a full suite of retail and business banking, lending, and wealth management solutions offered at the Bank's other locations.

23

The following table presents selected financial data, which was derived from the Company’s audited financial statements for the periods indicated.

24

MANAGEMENT’S STRATEGY

The Company strives to be an outstanding financial institution in its market by building solid sustainable relationships with: (1) its customers, by providing highly personalized customer service, a network of conveniently placed branches and ATMs, a competitive variety of products/services and courteous, professional employees, (2) its employees, by providing generous benefits, a positive work environment, advancement opportunities and incentives to exceed expectations, (3) its communities, by participating in local concerns, providing monetary support, supporting employee volunteerism and providing employment opportunities, and (4) its shareholders, by providing sound profits and returns, sustainable growth, regular dividends and committing to our local, independent status.

OPERATING STRATEGY

The Bank is a locally managed, commercial focused banking institution operating in several of the country's most attractive markets. The Company expanded its ownership to institutional investors through a public offering of its common stock in February 2025, increasing the number of shares outstanding by 50% and added approximately $53.5 million in capital. This operating strategy allows the Bank to be flexible and responsive in the products and services it offers and to further grow by lending funds to local residents and businesses at a competitive price that reflects the inherent risk of lending. The Bank strives to fund these loans through deposits gathered from local residents and businesses. The Bank prices its deposits by comparing alternative sources of funds and selecting the lowest cost available. When deposits are not adequate to fund asset growth, the Bank relies on borrowings, both short and long term. The Bank’s primary source of borrowed funds is the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta which offers numerous terms and rate structures to the Bank.

As interest rates change, the Bank attempts to maintain its net interest margin. This is accomplished by changing the price, terms, and mix of its financial assets and liabilities. The Bank also earns fees on services provided through the Bank of Clarke Wealth Management Division, which is the Bank’s investment management division that offers both trust services and investment sales, mortgage originations, loan sales to the secondary market, and deposit operations. The Bank also incurs noninterest expenses associated with compensating employees, maintaining and acquiring fixed assets, and purchasing goods and services necessary to support its daily operations.

The Bank maintains a full-service marketing department dedicated to driving new business and increasing awareness of the Bank's banking, lending, and wealth management offerings across its footprint. Marketing employs an integrated, multi-channel strategy that includes television and radio advertising, digital media (such as display ads, SEO/SEM, podcasts, and streaming platforms), print and electronic publications, billboards, email campaigns, branch signage, and social media. The Marketing department is responsible for all content creation, campaign strategy and execution, marketing-related internal and external communications, marketing vendor management, and brand stewardship.

LENDING POLICIES

Administration and supervision over the lending process is provided by the Bank’s Credit Administration Department. The principal risk associated with the Bank’s loan portfolio is the creditworthiness of its borrowers. In an effort to manage this risk, the Bank’s policy gives loan amount approval limits to individual loan officers based on their position and level of experience. Credit risk is increased or decreased, depending on the type of loan and prevailing economic conditions. In consideration of the different types of loans in the portfolio, the risk associated with real estate mortgage loans, commercial loans and consumer loans varies based on employment levels, consumer confidence, fluctuations in the value of real estate and other conditions that affect the ability of borrowers to repay debt.

The Company has written policies and procedures to help manage credit risk. The Company utilizes a loan review process that includes formulation of portfolio management strategy, guidelines for underwriting standards and risk assessment, procedures for ongoing identification and management of credit deterioration, and regular portfolio reviews to establish loss exposure and to ascertain compliance with the Company’s policies.

The Bank uses a tiered approach to approve credit requests consisting of individual lending authorities, joint approval of Co-Approval officers (Executive, Regional Credit Officer, Small Business Credit Officer), and a director loan committee. Lending limits for individuals are set by the Board of Directors and are determined by loan purpose, collateral type, and internal risk rating of the borrower. The highest individual authority (Executive) is assigned to the Bank’s President/ Chief Executive Officer, Chief Banking Officer and Chief Credit Officer (approval authority only). Two Executive officers may combine their authority to approve loan requests to borrowers with credit exposure up to $10.0 million on a secured basis and $6.0 million unsecured. Three Executive officers may combine to approve loan requests to borrowers with credit exposure up to $15.0 million on a secured basis and $9.0 million unsecured. Consumer Central Lenders are individual lenders who have been assigned to an Approval Category (A through F) based on their level of experience and job function. Consumer Central Lenders can co-approve consumer, home equity lines of credit and home equity loan requests up to their stated authorities.

25

Officers in Categories A through F have lesser authorities and with approval of an Executive officer may extend loans to borrowers with exposure of $5.0 million on a secured basis and $3.0 million unsecured. Officers in Categories A through F can also utilize the co-approval of the Regional and Small Business Credit Officers to extend loans with exposures up to $2.5 million and $1.5 million, respectively on a secured basis, and up to $1 million and $750 thousand, respectively on an unsecured basis. Loans exceeding $15.0 million and up to the Bank’s legal lending limit can be approved by the Risk Committee consisting of four directors (three directors constituting a quorum). The Director’s Loan Committee also reviews and approves changes to the Bank’s Loan Policy as presented by management. The following sections discuss the major loan categories within the total loan portfolio:

One-to-Four-Family Residential Real Estate Lending

Residential lending activity may be generated by the Bank’s loan officer solicitations, referrals by real estate professionals, and existing or new bank customers. Loan applications are taken by a Bank loan officer. As part of the application process, information is gathered concerning income, employment and credit history of the applicant. The valuation of residential collateral is provided by independent fee appraisers who have been approved by the Bank’s Directors Loan Committee. In connection with residential real estate loans, the Bank requires title insurance, hazard insurance and, if applicable, flood insurance. In addition to traditional residential mortgage loans secured by a first or junior lien on the property, the Bank offers home equity lines of credit.

Commercial Real Estate Lending

Commercial real estate loans are secured by various types of commercial real estate in the Bank’s market area, including multi-family residential buildings, commercial buildings and offices, small shopping centers and churches. Commercial real estate loan originations are obtained through broker referrals, direct solicitation of developers and continued business from customers. In its underwriting of commercial real estate, the Bank’s loan to original appraised value ratio is generally 80% or less. Commercial real estate lending entails significant additional risk as compared with residential mortgage lending. Commercial real estate loans typically involve larger loan balances concentrated with single borrowers or groups of related borrowers. Additionally, the repayment of loans secured by income producing properties is typically dependent on the successful operation of a business or a real estate project and thus may be subject, to a greater extent, to adverse conditions in the real estate market or the economy, in general. The Bank’s commercial real estate loan underwriting criteria require an examination of debt service coverage ratios, the borrower’s creditworthiness, prior credit history and reputation, and the Bank typically requires personal guarantees or endorsements of the borrowers’ principal owners.

Construction and Land Development Lending

The Bank makes local construction loans and land acquisition and development loans. The construction loans are secured by residential houses under construction and the underlying land for which the loan was obtained. The average life of most construction loans is less than one year and the Bank offers both fixed and variable rate interest structures. The interest rate structure offered to customers depends on the total amount of these loans outstanding and the impact of the interest rate structure on the Bank’s overall interest rate risk. There are two characteristics of construction lending which impact its overall risk as compared to residential mortgage lending. First, there is more concentration risk due to the extension of a large loan balance through several lines of credit to a single developer or contractor. Second, there is more collateral risk due to the fact that loan funds are provided to the borrower based upon the estimated value of the collateral after completion. This could cause an inaccurate estimate of the amount needed to complete construction or an excessive loan-to-value ratio. To mitigate the risks associated with construction lending, the Bank generally limits loan amounts to 80% of the estimated appraised value of the finished property. The Bank also obtains a first lien on the property as security for its construction loans and typically requires personal guarantees from the borrower’s principal owners. Finally, the Bank performs inspections of the construction projects to ensure that the percentage of construction completed correlates with the amount of draws on the construction line of credit.

Commercial and Industrial Lending

Commercial business loans generally have more risk than residential mortgage loans but have higher yields. To manage these risks, the Bank generally obtains appropriate collateral and personal guarantees from the borrower’s principal owners and monitors the financial condition of its business borrowers. Residential mortgage loans generally are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from employment and other income and are secured by real estate whose value tends to be readily ascertainable. In contrast, commercial business loans typically are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from cash flow from its business and are secured by business assets, such as, accounts receivable, equipment and inventory. As a result, the availability of funds for the repayment of commercial business loans is substantially dependent on the success of the business itself. Furthermore, the collateral for commercial business loans may depreciate over time and generally cannot be appraised with as much precision as residential real estate.

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Consumer Lending

The Bank offers various secured and unsecured consumer loans, which include personal installment loans, personal lines of credit, automobile loans, and credit card loans. The Bank generally originates its consumer loans within its geographic market area and these loans are largely made to customers with whom the Bank has an existing relationship. Consumer loans generally entail greater risk than residential mortgage loans, particularly in the case of consumer loans which are unsecured or secured by rapidly depreciable assets such as automobiles. In such cases, any repossessed collateral on a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance as a result of the greater likelihood of damage, loss or depreciation. Consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness or personal bankruptcy. Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount which can be recovered on such loans.

The underwriting standards employed by the Bank for consumer loans include a determination of the applicant’s payment history on other debts and an assessment of ability to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan. The stability of the applicant’s monthly income may be determined by verification of gross monthly income from primary employment, and from any verifiable secondary income. Although creditworthiness of the applicant is the primary consideration, the underwriting process also includes an analysis of the value of the security in relation to the proposed loan amount.

Marine Lending

The Bank's marine loan portfolio is comprised of originated retail loans. The Company ceased accepting new marine business in August 2023, upon completion of a sale of specific assets from its marine lending segment. Subsequent to the sale the Company retained ownership of its portfolio of marine vessel retail loans, which continue to constitute a significant portion of the Company's assets, revenues, and earnings. At present, the Company expects to hold the retained outstanding loans until they are ultimately repaid. Retail loans were generally limited to premium manufacturers with established relationships with the Company which have a vested interest in the secondary market pricing of their respective brand due to the limited inventory available for resale. Consequently, while not contractually committed, manufacturers will often support secondary resale values which can have the effect of reducing losses from non-performing retail marine loans. Retail borrowers generally have very high credit scores, substantial down payments, substantial net worth, personal liquidity, and excess cash flow.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), which requires us to make estimates and assumptions. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The financial information contained within these statements is, to a significant extent, based on measurements of the financial effects of transactions and events that have already occurred. A variety of factors could affect the ultimate value that is obtained when earning income, recognizing an expense, recovering an asset or relieving a liability. In addition, GAAP itself may change from one previously acceptable method to another method. Although the economics of the transactions would be the same, the timing of events that would impact the transactions could change. The accounting estimate with the greatest uncertainty and susceptibility to significant near-term change for the Company is the allowance for credit losses on loans.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The Company establishes the allowance for credit losses through charges to earnings in the form of a provision for credit losses. Loan losses are charged against the allowance for credit losses for the difference between the carrying value of the loan and the estimated net realizable value or fair value of the collateral, if collateral dependent, when management believes that the collectability of the principal is unlikely. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.

The allowance represents management’s current estimate of expected credit losses over the contractual term of loans held for investment, and is recorded at an amount that, in management’s judgment, reduces the recorded investment in loans to the net amount expected to be collected. Management’s judgment in determining the level of the allowance is based on evaluations of historical loan losses, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts relevant to the collectability of loans. Loans that share common risk characteristics are evaluated collectively using a loss-rate, or cohort methodology to estimate its current expected credit losses on loans.

The measurement of the allowance for credit losses is based in part on forecasts of unemployment, inflation, as well as the consumer price index, and may also consider other factors, which we believe to be indicative of risk factors related to collectability. Management also assesses the risk of credit losses arising from changes in economic conditions; the nature

27

and volume of the loan portfolio; the volume and severity of delinquencies and adversely classified loan balances; lending policy and procedures; credit administration and lending staff; loan review; concentrations of credit and the value of underlying collateral in determining the recorded balance of the allowance for credit losses.

This evaluation is inherently subjective because it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. In evaluating the level of the allowance, we consider a range of possible assumptions and outcomes related to the various factors identified above. Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements presented in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of the 2025 Form 10-K, provides additional information concerning the determination of the allowance for credit losses on loans.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

This report refers to certain financial measures that are computed under a basis other than GAAP ("non-GAAP"). The Company uses certain non-GAAP financial measures, including non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP noninterest income, non-GAAP earnings per share, non-GAAP return on average equity and average assets, tax-equivalent net interest income and efficiency ratio, to provide meaningful supplemental information regarding the Company's operational performance and to enhance investors' overall understanding of such financial performance. The methodology for determining these non-GAAP measures may differ among companies. Non-GAAP measures are supplemental and not a substitute for, or more important than, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures which may be presented by other companies.

The realized loss on the sale of the available for sale securities, which resulted from the balance sheet repositioning transactions during the first quarter of 2025 and the December 2024 sale of the Company's operating center and branch building in a sales-leaseback transaction, significantly impacted the Company's operating results and certain performance metrics and ratios.

The following table reconciles the GAAP reported measure to the adjusted non-GAAP measure to show the impact of these transactions during the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

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For additional information and calculations of tax-equivalent net interest income and efficiency ratio, see the sections entitled "Tax-Equivalent Net Interest Income" and "Efficiency Ratio" below.

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains statements that are "forward looking statements." The Company may also make forward looking statements in other documents that are filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in our annual reports to shareholders, in press releases and other written materials, and in oral statements made by our officers, directors, or employees. Forward looking statements include statements regarding our expectations, intentions, and objectives, or other expressions that predict or indicate future events and trends and which do not relate to historical matters. The words “believe,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “should,” "could," “projects,” “contemplates,” “anticipates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” or other similar words or terms are intended to identify forward looking statements. You should not rely on forward looking statements, as they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. These risks, uncertainties, and other factors may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different than the anticipated future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward looking statements.

Some of the factors that might cause these differences include the following:

•
difficult market conditions in our industry;

•
the ability to successfully manage growth or implement growth strategies if the Bank is unable to identify attractive markets, locations or opportunities to expand in the future or if the Bank is unable to successfully integrate new branches, business lines or other growth opportunities into its existing operations;

•
competition with other banks and financial institutions, and companies outside of the banking industry, including those companies that have substantially greater access to capital and other resources;

•
the successful management of interest rate risk;

•
risks inherent in making loans such as repayment risks and fluctuating collateral values;

•
the Company's ability to successfully resolve non-performing assets;

•
changes in general economic and business conditions in the Bank’s market area;

•
reliance on the Bank’s management team, including the ability to attract and retain key personnel;

•
changes in interest rates and interest rate policies;

•
maintaining capital levels adequate to support growth;

•
maintaining cost controls and asset qualities as new branches are opened or acquired;

•
demand, development and acceptance of new products and services;

•
deposit flows;

•
the Bank's ability to manage liquidity;

•
the cost and availability of secondary funding sources;

•
effects of the soundness of other financial institutions;

•
problems with technology utilized by the Bank;

•
changing trends in customer profiles and behavior;

•
geopolitical conditions, including acts or threats of terrorism, international hostilities, or actions taken by the U.S. or other governments in response to acts or threats of terrorism and/or military conflicts, which could impact business and economic conditions in the U.S. and abroad;

•
the economic impact of duties, tariffs or other barriers or restrictions on trade, any retaliatory counter measures, or the volatility and uncertainty arising there from;

•
political developments, including government shutdowns, and other significant disruptions and changes in the funding, size, scope, and efficiencies of the federal government, its agencies and services;

•
the Company's potential exposure to fraud, negligence, computer theft, and cyber-crime;

•
potential impact on us of existing and future legislation and regulations;

•
changes in accounting policies and banking and other law and regulations; and

•
other factors described in Item 1A., “Risk Factors,” in this annual report on Form 10-K.

You should carefully review all of these factors and you should be aware that there may be other factors that cause these differences. These forward looking statements were based on information, plans, and estimates at the date of this report, and we assume no obligation to update any forward looking statements to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, future events or other changes.

29

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net Income

The following table presents a summarized consolidated statement of income for the periods indicated:

Net income for 2025 and 2024 was significantly impacted by two transactions. During the first quarter of 2025, the Company recognized a loss on the sale of available for sale securities totaling $9.8 million, net of tax, and during the fourth quarter of 2024, the Bank's operating center and branch building in Winchester, VA was sold in a sale-leaseback transaction and the Company recognized a net of tax gain of $3.1 million. The twelve months ended December 31, 2025 also experienced a strong increase in net interest income over the corresponding 2024 period, largely due to the restructuring of the investment securities portfolio further described in the section titled Securities under the heading Financial Condition.

The following table presents a summary of performance metrics and ratios for the periods indicated:

(1) Adjusted to exclude the loss on sale of securities in 2025 and the gain recognized on the sale of the Company's operating center and branch building in 2024.

Return on average assets (“ROA”) measures how efficiently the Company uses its assets to produce net income. Factors reflected within this efficiency include the Company’s asset mix, funding sources, pricing, fee generation, and cost control.

Return on average equity (“ROE”) measures the utilization of shareholders’ equity in generating net income. This measurement is affected by the same factors as ROA with consideration to how much of the Company’s assets are funded by the shareholders.

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Average Balances, Income and Expenses, Yields and Rates (Tax-Equivalent Basis)

The following table shows average balance, interest, and yield/rate information, as well as net interest margin on a tax- equivalent basis for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 (dollars in thousands):

(1)
Income and yields are reported on a tax-equivalent basis using the federal tax rate of 21%.

(2)
Interest and yields on loans include the amortization/accretion of origination costs/fees as well as any purchase premiums or discounts.

(3)
Refer to the section titled "Tax-Equivalent Net Interest Income" for the reconciliation of tax-equivalent net interest income.

NM = Not Meaningful

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Tax-Equivalent Net Interest Income

The following table reconciles tax-equivalent net interest income, which is not a measurement under GAAP, to net interest income. Tax-equivalent net interest income (Non-GAAP) is calculated by adding the tax benefit on certain securities and loans, whose interest is tax-exempt, to total interest income then subtracting total interest expense. The tax rate used to calculate the tax benefit was 21% for 2025 and 2024.

(1)
Tax benefit was calculated using the federal statutory tax rate of 21%.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is our primary source of revenue, representing the difference between interest and fees earned on interest-earning assets and the interest paid on deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities. The level of net interest income is primarily impacted by variations in the volume and mix of these assets and liabilities, as well as changes in interest rates.

The year-over-year improvements in net interest income, tax-equivalent net interest income, net interest spread, and net interest margin primarily reflect the impact of the balance sheet repositioning strategy, pursuant to which the Company raised capital, increased cash on hand and replaced lower-yielding investment securities with higher yielding securities. Declining average rates paid on interest-bearing deposits and maturities of FHLB advances also contributed to the increase in net interest income, which was partially offset the amount of interest paid also increased due to higher average balance levels of time deposits during the 2025 period.

Net interest income was $62.6 million for 2025 and $51.2 million for 2024, which represents an increase of $11.4 million or 22.23%. Tax-equivalent net interest income was $62.7 million and $51.3 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The net interest margin was 3.40% for 2025 and 3.00% for 2024. The net interest margin is calculated by dividing tax-equivalent net interest income by total average earnings assets. Ongoing margin pressures include deposit pricing, the Bank's strategy of originating mortgage loans for sale, and an increase in nonaccrual assets.

The net interest spread for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 was 2.48%, an increase of 31 basis points compared to 2.17% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024. The 31 basis point increase was due to improvements of three basis points and 28 basis points in the tax-equivalent yield on earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, respectively.

Total average balance of securities decreased by $18.0 million during 2025 from the average balances in the prior year period primarily due to routine paydowns and maturities in the portfolio. The average yield on securities increased 139 basis points during 2025 reflecting the sale of lower-yielding securities and reinvestment into higher-yielding securities in the first quarter of 2025.

The total average loan balances decreased by $6.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2025 largely reflecting the sale of a pool of mortgage loans totaling $18.8 million early in the first quarter of 2025 as well as continuing paydowns and payoffs in the marine loan portfolio as the Company is no longer originating new marine business. These

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decreases were partially offset by new loan growth in the commercial real estate loan portfolios. The average yield on loans increased by six basis points during 2025.

The average balance of federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits in other banks increased $155.2 million, or 135.90%, during 2025 compared to 2024, resulting from higher cash levels, which were bolstered by proceeds received from the public stock offering and increased deposit balances during 2025. The average yield earned during 2025 decreased by 83 basis points reflecting the decline in market interest rates experienced during the current year.

Total average interest-bearing deposit balances during 2025 increased by $83.0 million from the prior year, primarily in NOW accounts and time deposits. The average rate paid on interest-bearing deposits decreased 18 basis points during the 2025, reflecting the lower market interest rate environment balanced by pricing strategies.

The average balance of FHLB advances decreased $87.8 million, or 60.38%, during the year ended December 31, 2025 due to maturing advances that were not replaced with new borrowings. The average rate paid on FHLB advances increased 16 basis points during the 2025.

Volume and Rate Analysis (Tax-Equivalent Basis)

Interest income and expense are affected by fluctuation in interest rates, by changes in the volume of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and by the interaction of rate and volume factors. Changes attributable to both volume and rate have been allocated proportionately based on the relationship of the absolute dollar amount of change in each.

The following table provides information about changes in rate and volume (dollars in thousands):

Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses results from management's review of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is management’s estimate, at the reporting date, of expected lifetime credit losses and includes consideration of current forecasted economic conditions. Estimating the amount required to maintain an adequate allowance

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for credit losses involves a high degree of judgment.as discussed within the Critical Accounting Policies section above and Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements presented in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

The following table presents the provision for credit losses:

The provision for credit losses for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 included the impact of net losses and specific reserve allocations on individually evaluated nonaccrual loans and reflected management's estimate of forecasted economic conditions and changes in loan balances.

Net charge-offs were $3.6 million and $2.0 million during 2025 and 2024, respectively. Net charge-offs for 2025 were primarily within the commercial real estate and marine loan portfolios and consisted of six relationships totaling $3.3 million. The provision for credit losses in 2024 resulted largely from a $1.9 million provision against the marine portfolio due to charge-offs against six marine loans totaling $1.8 million.

Specific reserve allocations were $467 thousand and $248 thousand at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The majority of the specific reserve at December 31, 2025 reflects three commercial loan relationships with loan balances totaling $880 thousand. The specific reserve allocation in 2024 represented two commercial loan relationships with loan balances totaling $908 thousand.

The Company is committed to maintaining an allowance that it believes will adequately absorb the current expected losses in the loan portfolio. This commitment is more fully discussed in the “Asset Quality” section.

Noninterest Income

Total noninterest income was $6.9 million and $21.6 million during 2025 and 2024, respectively. This represents a decrease of $14.7 million or 68.07% for 2025. Management reviews the activities which generate noninterest income on an ongoing basis.

The following table provides the components of noninterest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, which are included within the respective Consolidated Statements of Income headings. Variances that the Company believes require explanation are discussed below the table.

NM - Not Meaningful

Wealth management fees increased in 2025 compared to 2024. Wealth management fee income is primarily comprised of income from fiduciary activities and commissions from the sale of non-deposit investment products. The amount of income from fiduciary activities is determined by the number of active accounts and total assets under management. Income from investment sales increased due to the continued attractiveness of brokerage and advisory investments products. Wealth

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management revenue also includes transaction-based revenues that are not primarily derived from the value of assets. Transaction-based revenues related to estates and other services have also contributed to the year over year increase in revenue. These include estate settlement fees which increased primarily due to two large trusts that were settled.

Services charges on deposit accounts increased when comparing the year ended December 31, 2025 to 2024. This increase is mainly due to growth in the number of accounts as well as higher levels of overdraft charges.

Gain on the sale and disposal of bank premises and equipment decreased during the year ended December 31, 2025 due to sale of the Company's operating center and branch building in a sales-leaseback transaction during the fourth quarter of 2024, which resulted in a realized gain of $3.9 million. There was no similar transaction during the year ended December 31, 2025.

The Company executed balance sheet repositioning transactions within its investment securities portfolio during March 2025. The sale of $99.2 million of available for sale debt securities, with a fair value of $86.8 million, resulted in a pre-tax loss of $12.4 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2025. Management utilized the proceeds from the public offering capital raise completed in February 2025 to enable the balance sheet repositioning.

During 2025, the Company sold $89.7 million in mortgage loans on the secondary market and $21.8 million in Small Business Association ("SBA") loans. During 2024, the Company sold $59.0 million in mortgage loans on the secondary market and $14.3 million in SBA loans. These loan sales resulted in gains of $3.4 million and $2.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Income from holdings in small business investment companies decreased during 2025 compared to 2024. The decrease during the current year period is mainly attributed to lower cash distributions received, based on the results of their performance and timing of distributions.

Bank owned life insurance ("BOLI") fee income totaled $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to death benefit settlement gains of $907 thousand received during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Other operating income increased primarily as a result of an increase in loan swap fee income recognized on agreements with initial notional balances totaling $21.6 million and $4.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 respectively. The agreements resulted in a gain of $271 thousand during 2025 compared to $27 thousand in 2024.

Noninterest Expenses

Total noninterest expenses were $55.9 million and $51.3 million during 2025 and 2024, respectively. This represents an increase of $4.5 million or 8.84% during 2025.

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The following table provides the components of noninterest expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, which are included within the respective Consolidated Statements of Income headings. The following paragraphs provide information about activities which are included within the respective Consolidated Statements of Income headings. Variances that the Company believes require explanation are discussed below the table.

NM - Not Meaningful

Salaries and employee benefits expense increased during 2025 reflecting increases in salaries, commission, stock-based compensation expenses, and annual incentive plan expenses. The Company's number of full-time equivalent employees (FTEs) increased from 231 at December 31, 2024 to 254 at December 31, 2025. Stock based compensation expense increased due to a higher grant price in the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2024. Partially offsetting these increases was a net reduction in employee medical costs due to lower claims deficit expenses during the twelve months ended December 31, 2025.

Occupancy expenses increased during 2025 largely due to the impact of the sales-leaseback transaction of the Company's operating center and branch building in December 2024. Rental expense, net of building depreciation increased $498 thousand during 2025 compared to 2024. The increase in rental expense also reflects a new long-term lease executed during the first quarter of 2025 as the Company moved its standalone loan production office and established a full-service branch in McLean, Virginia.

Advertising and marketing expenses decreased during 2025. This reflects fewer advertising campaigns and a marketing bonus credit related to the Bank's credit card provider relationship.

ATM network fees decreased during 2025 due, in part, to a contract renegotiation which lowered per unit transaction fees as well as lower costs associated with fewer plastic cards purchased.

FDIC assessment expense, which is based in part on asset size and capital levels, decreased in 2025 compared to 2024. The decrease reflects an improvement in the financial ratios primarily due to the capital raise completed in early 2025. An improved loan mix index, partially offset by an increase in nonperforming loans also contributed to the decreased assessment rate during 2025.

Computer software expense increased during 2025 compared to 2024 due to the Company's continued investment in technology to enhance systems security and drive operational efficiencies. Additionally, approximately $200 thousand of the increase was due to existing loan software expenses, which were recorded to other operating expenses in the prior year.

Bank franchise tax which is based on asset and capital levels, increased during 2025 compared to 2024 reflecting growth of the Company's capital.

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Professional fees increased during 2025 primarily due to higher legal fees as a result of increased problem loan workouts and activity as well as increased internal audit services, testing, and annual loan review costs.

Data processing fees decreased reflecting core provider pricing discounts and credits recognized during 2025.

Other operating expenses increased during 2025. The largest drivers of the increase were loan collection costs, higher contributions towards charitable activities, debit card usage incentive rewards, and greater travel costs related to investor relations activities. These increases were partially offset by the reclassification of loan software expenses as described above in computer software expenses.

Efficiency Ratio

The efficiency ratio of the Company was 67.67% and 75.08% for 2025 and 2024, respectively. The improvement in the efficiency ratio during 2025 reflects an increase in net interest and noninterest income. The efficiency ratio is not a measurement under GAAP. It is calculated by dividing total noninterest expenses by the sum of tax-equivalent net interest income and total noninterest income. The Company adjusts for non-recurring items such as gains and losses on investment portfolio sales and other gains/losses from OREO, repossessed assets, sale or disposals of bank assets, etc. The tax rate utilized is 21%. The Company calculates and reviews this ratio as a means of evaluating operational efficiency.

The calculation of the efficiency ratio for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was as follows:

(1) Includes tax-equivalent adjustments on loans and securities using the federal statutory tax rate of 21%.

Income Taxes

The following table presents the Company's income tax provision and applicable tax rates for the periods indicated:

Income tax expense was $1.7 million and $3.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These amounts correspond to an effective tax rate of 17.24% and 18.82% for 2025 and 2024, respectively. Total income tax expense is comprised of federal and state income taxes of $1.6 million and $100 thousand, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $3.4 million and $134 thousand, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The effective tax rate is below the statutory rate of 21%, due primarily to the recognition of tax-exempt life insurance income, which also included death benefit proceeds during 2024. The effective tax rate is also impacted by

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tax-exempt income on investment securities and loans, qualified rehabilitation credits and tax credits on qualified affordable housing project investments. Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements provides a reconciliation between income tax expense computed using the federal statutory income tax rate and the Company’s actual income tax expense during 2025 and 2024 and Note 25 further discusses qualified affordable housing project investments.

As previously discussed in the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section above, both 2025 and 2024 had large out of the ordinary transactions due to balance sheet repositioning events that affected taxable income. Due to lower taxable income in 2025, resulting from realized losses on the sale of securities, the strategies employed by the Company to reduce its effective tax rate had a greater impact. Conversely, higher taxable income in 2024 due to the realized gain on the sale of the Company's operating center and branch building, lessened the impact of the Company's effective tax rate strategies.

Business Segments

The Company has three reportable operating segments: community banking, marine lending and wealth management. See Note 27 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

The following table presents a summarized statement of income for the community banking business segment for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Net interest income increased during the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the year ended December 31, 2024 primarily due to income earned on: i) non-marine loans; ii) the investment securities portfolio, which was restructured in the first quarter of 2025 to sell and replace lower yielding investments with higher yielding securities; iii) higher levels of earning deposit balances in other other banks; and iv) reduction in borrowings expense as FHLB advances have matured and were not replaced. These increases were partially offset by an increase in interest-bearing deposit expense due to growth in average balances. Higher levels of interest-earning deposits balances in other banks reflects proceeds received from the capital raise and sales of available for sale securities completed during the first quarter of 2025, as well as increases in customer deposit balances.

Gain on sales of loans increased during 2025 compared to 2024 largely reflecting increases in sales of mortgage loans originated for sale and SBA loans. See further discussion of gain on sales of loans under the caption "Noninterest Income" above.

Loss on the sale of securities resulted from the Company's execution of balance sheet repositioning transactions within its investment securities portfolio in March 2025. Available for sale debt securities totaling $99.2 million, with a fair value of $86.8 million, were sold resulting in a pre-tax loss of $12.4 million.

Other noninterest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 decreased compared to the same period in 2024 primarily reflecting the sale of the Company's operating center and branch building in a sales-leaseback transaction, resulting in a realized gain of $3.9 million during 2024.

Provision for credit losses increased during 2025 largely reflecting the increase in net charge-offs within the commercial real estate loan portfolio. See further discussion under the caption "Provision" above.

Noninterest expense increased during 2025 primarily due to salaries and employee benefits. See further discussion under the caption "Noninterest Expenses" above.

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Income tax expense decreased by $2.0 million from 2024 primarily due to the impact of securities sale loss recognized in 2025.

The following table presents a summarized statement of income for the marine lending segment for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

NM - Not Meaningful

Marine lending net revenues declined for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 due to pay downs in the portfolio, which are not being replaced with new loan originations. The marine loan portfolio balance totaled $175.6 million at December 31, 2025 compared to $210.1 million at December 31, 2024.

Provision for credit losses for marine lending decreased due to the declining loan balances, which mostly offset the impact of net charge-offs recorded during 2025. Net charge-offs declined by $1.2 million, or 67.38%, from 2024 levels.

Noninterest expenses were down from 2024 due to decreases in loan servicing and collection expenses, which comprise the majority of total noninterest expenses for marine lending.

The following table presents a summarized statement of income for the wealth management business segment for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Wealth Management's net revenues increased $2.0 million, or 35.63%, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, reflecting increases in both trust services and investment sales income. See further discussion of wealth management revenues under the caption "Noninterest Income" above.

Noninterest expense increased during 2025 primarily reflecting increases in salaries, commissions and annual incentive plan expenses.

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FINANCIAL CONDITION

Select financial condition data is presented in the following table:

Two significant events impacting the Company's financial condition occurred during the first quarter of 2025. On February 13, 2025, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 1,796,875 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $32.00 per share. The net proceeds from the offering were $53.5 million. During March 2025, the Company executed balance sheet repositioning transactions within its investment securities portfolio. The execution of these events was to support continued organic growth and capital generation. These are further described in their corresponding paragraphs below.

Securities

The carrying amounts of the Company's available for sale securities are as follows:

Total securities available for sale decreased by $1.8 million, or 1.47%, during 2025. The Company purchased $102.7 million of securities during the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 , which includes $66.0 million as part of the balance sheet repositioning transactions in the first quarter of 2025. The Company had total maturities, calls, and principal repayments of $22.7 million and sales of $99.2 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2025.

Net unrealized loss on available for sale securities was $6.7 million at December 31, 2025 as compared to a net unrealized loss of $23.6 million at December 31, 2024. Unrealized gains or losses on available for sale securities are reported within shareholders’ equity, net of the related deferred tax effect, as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

During March 2025, balance sheet repositioning transactions were comprised of sales of available for sale debt securities with an amortized cost balance of $99.2 million (fair value of $86.8 million) and a weighted average yield of 1.72%, with proceeds reinvested into purchases of $66.0 million of available for sale debt securities with a weighted average yield of 4.72%. The total sales of $99.2 million represented 68.48% of December 31, 2024 securities balance. The majority of these repositioning sales and purchases consisted of mortgage-backed securities. The sale of debt securities resulted in a net pre-tax realized loss of $12.4 million (after-tax of $9.8 million) that was recognized in the first quarter of 2025. In addition to the repositioning transactions, the Company purchased U.S. Treasury notes totaling $9.9 million prior to the repositioning to maintain pledging levels throughout the repositioning period and has also made subsequent purchases.

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The primary cause of the unrealized losses at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was changes in market interest rates, rather than other market conditions or credit concerns of the issuers over the time between purchase and measurement periods. Since the losses can be primarily attributed to changes in market interest rates and conditions and not expected cash flows or an issuer’s financial condition and management does not intend to sell and it is likely that management will not be required to sell the securities prior to their anticipated recovery, the Company concluded a credit loss did not exist.

The table titled “Maturity Distribution and Yields of Securities” shows the maturity period and average yield for the different types of securities in the portfolio at December 31, 2025. The weighted average is calculated based on the relative amortized costs of the securities. Although mortgage-backed securities have definitive maturities, they provide monthly principal curtailments which can be reinvested at a prevailing rate and for a different term.

Maturity Distribution and Yields of Securities

(1)
Yields on tax-exempt securities have been computed on a tax-equivalent basis using a federal tax rate of 21%.

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Loan Portfolio

The Company’s primary use of funds is supporting lending activities from which it derives the greatest amount of interest income. Details of the Company's loan portfolio are presented below:

Gross loans increased $6.0 million, or 0.41%, and totaled $1.47 billion at December 31, 2025 and 2024. The ratio of gross loans to deposits decreased during the year from 93.14% to 91.65% at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

The loan portfolio consists primarily of loans for owner-occupied single-family dwellings and loans secured by commercial real estate. The modest increase in gross loans reflects new loan originations outpacing reductions due to loan sales, paydowns, and significant payoffs of commercial and industrial loans related to the sales of two customers' businesses.

Total residential real estate loans decreased by $6.3 million, or 1.75%, during the year ended December 31, 2025 primarily due to the sale of $18.8 million of portfolio mortgage loans in early 2025, ahead of the Company's public stock offering, in order to bolster on-balance sheet liquidity.

Total commercial real estate loans increased by $57.9 million, or 9.04%, since December 31, 2024, reflecting strong origination growth in both owner and non-owner occupied portfolios. This growth included a large construction loan that converted to permanent financing.

Marine loans are declining due to normal paydowns and payoffs only as the Company is no longer accepting new marine business. At present, the Company expects to hold the retained outstanding loans until they are ultimately repaid.

The table titled “Maturity Schedule of Selected Loans” shows the various loan categories and the period during which they mature. For loans maturing in more than one year, the table also shows a breakdown between fixed rate loans and floating rate loans. The table indicates that $764.6 million or 52.11% of the loan portfolio matures within five years. The floating rate loans maturing after five years are primarily comprised of loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties.

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Maturity Schedule of Selected Loans

(dollars in thousands)

Asset Quality

The Company has policies and procedures designed to control credit risk and to maintain the quality of its loan portfolio. These include underwriting standards for new originations and ongoing monitoring and reporting of asset quality and adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually to classify the loans as to credit risk on a quarterly basis.

The following table presents credit risk ratings as of December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Loans risk rated as special mention, which exhibit negative trends and potential weaknesses include loans with stale financial information. Of the total special mention loans, $35.7 million had stale financial information at December 31, 2025 compared to $45.0 million at December 31, 2024. Upon receipt of current financial information, the loans will be evaluated and returned to a pass classification if appropriate.

Loans risk rated as classified, include substandard, doubtful, and loss loans. Classified loans increased primarily due to three large relationships being placed on nonaccrual status during 2025 that totaled $9.6 million at December 31, 2025. The first relationship had an outstanding balance of $2.2 million as of December 31, 2025 and was a partially owner-occupied property whose owner passed away unexpectedly causing the business to halt. The second relationship is comprised of three residential multifamily income of producing properties in Washington D.C. (the District) with a combined exposure of $5.3 million at December 31, 2025. The Bank has been granted receivership of these properties and is actively working with the receiver to update the properties and ready them for sale while continuing to collect the housing payments directly from the District. The third relationship had an outstanding balance of $2.1 million at December 31, 2025. The Bank's portion is part of a larger syndicated loan, with the Bank’s portion being 0.31% of the total loan commitment. The borrower is currently under a forbearance agreement, for financial covenant violations and past due payments. The borrower's new management team along with the lead bank continue to work on a restructuring of the business.

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Classified loans also include other potential problem loans, defined as performing loans that possess certain risks that management has identified that could result in the loans not being repaid in accordance with their terms. Accordingly, these loans are risk rated at a level of substandard or lower. At December 31, 2025, other potential problem loans totaled $1.6 million.

All other loans were classified as pass, exhibiting acceptable history of profits, cash flow ability and liquidity.

Total past due loans were $16.9 million at December 31, 2025, an increase of $12.4 million, compared to $4.5 million at December 31, 2024. The $12.4 million increase in past due loans primarily reflects a $12.7 million increase in loans 90 or more days past due, partially offset by a $292 thousand decrease in loans 30-89 days past due. Loans 90 or more days past due were concentrated in the commercial real estate loan portfolios and reflected the increase in nonaccrual loans.

Nonperforming and Other Assets

Nonperforming assets consist of nonaccrual loans, loans past due 90 days and accruing interest, other real estate owned (foreclosed properties), and repossessed assets.

Loans are placed on non-accrual status when collection of principal and interest is doubtful, generally when a loan becomes 90 days past due. There are three negative implications for earnings when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. First, all interest accrued but unpaid at the date that the loan is placed on non-accrual status is either deducted from interest income or written off as a loss. Second, accruals of interest are discontinued until it becomes certain that both principal and interest can be repaid. Finally, there may be actual losses that require additional provisions for credit losses to be charged against earnings.

For real estate loans, upon foreclosure, the properties are recorded at the fair value of the property based on current appraisals and other current market trends, less selling costs. If a write down of the OREO property is necessary at the time of foreclosure, the amount is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses on loans. A review of the recorded property value is performed in conjunction with normal loan reviews, and if market conditions indicate that the recorded value exceeds the fair value, additional write downs of the property value are charged directly to operations. Gains on properties acquired through foreclosure where the fair value less costs to sell exceeds the related loan balance and there have been no prior charge-offs are recorded to current earnings. Loans secured by other assets, such as marine vessels, are recorded in a similar manner when a repossession occurs.

In addition, the Company may, under certain circumstances, modify loans. Modifications made to a loan are considered when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification constitutes a concession to the borrower that is not in line with market rates and/or terms. Modified terms are dependent upon the financial position and needs of the individual borrower. Generally, the modifications granted are extensions of terms, deferrals of payments for an extended period or interest rate reductions. There were three commercial real estate loan modifications to one borrower experiencing financial difficulty totaling $5.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2025. These residential multifamily income producing properties are under a receivership agreement and are expected to be ready for sale during 2026. No loans were modified during 2024.

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Nonperforming assets and related ratios are detailed in the table below:

There were $14.6 million in total non-performing assets at December 31, 2025. This increase of $12.0 million when compared to the December 31, 2024 balance of $2.6 million resulted mostly from the increase in nonaccrual loans.

Nonaccrual loans were $14.4 million at December 31, 2025 and $2.1 million at the end of 2024. The gross amount of interest income that would have been recognized on nonaccrual loans was $672 thousand for 2025 and $81 thousand for 2024. None of this interest income was included in net income for 2025 or 2024.

Included in the nonaccrual balance at December 31, 2025 were 20 loans totaling $14.1 million which were placed on nonaccrual during 2025, including three large relationships which made up $9.6 million of the nonaccrual balance at December 31, 2025 and were discussed above. Four additional commercial relationships totaling $2.7 million were added to nonaccrual status during 2025 reflecting their delinquent payment status and required an allowance for credit losses of $467 thousand based on management's evaluation of the underlying collateral values. In addition, of the $2.1 million nonaccrual balance at December 31, 2024, payoffs totaling $1.6 million were received, $89 thousand was charged off, and three loans totaling $316 thousand remained on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2025.

Management evaluates the financial condition of borrowers in nonaccrual status and the value of any collateral on these loans. The results of these evaluations are used to estimate the amount of losses which may be realized on the disposition of these nonaccrual loans. Nonaccrual loans that were individually evaluated for impairment at December 31, 2025 totaled $14.4 million, of which $2.7 million required a specific allocation of $467 thousand to be assigned.

Other real estate owned and repossessed assets decreased from $514 thousand at December 31, 2024 to $135 thousand at December 31, 2025, consisting of repossessed assets. Four marine vessels were repossessed during 2025 and placed into repossessed assets. Sales of repossessed assets during 2025 included three marine vessel repossessed in 2024 and three of the four marine vessels repossessed during 2025. A net loss of $302 thousand and $204 thousand was recognized on the sale of repossessed assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

There was one real estate property that foreclosed and sold during 2025, compared to no transactions during 2024. The difference between the amount of other real estate owned and the settlement proceeds is recognized as a gain or loss on the sale of other real estate owned. A net loss of $51 thousand was recognized on the sale of other real estate owned during the twelve months ended December 31, 2025.

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Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The purpose of and the methods for measuring the allowance for credit losses on loans is discussed in the Critical Accounting Policies section above as well as in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements presented in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of the this Form 10-K.

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans and related ratios for the periods indicated:

Charged-off loans were $4.1 million and $2.8 million for 2025 and 2024, respectively. Recoveries were $559 thousand and $853 thousand for 2025 and 2024, respectively. Net charge-offs were $3.6 million for 2025 and $2.0 million for 2024. The year over year increase in net charge-offs was primarily due to one relationship in the commercial real estate loan portfolio.

A non-owner occupied commercial real estate loan relationship consisting of four residential multifamily income producing properties had a current combined exposure of approximately $5.4 million at December 31, 2025. The largest of the four properties had a corresponding loan balance of $5.9 million at June 30, 2025. This property was offered for sale on July 8, 2025, for $5.7 million with the Bank agreeing to a short sale of $4.8 million, thereby creating a deficiency balance of $1.1 million after consideration of past due taxes and other costs. Due to the unlikelihood of repayment and limited remaining collateral value, the deficiency balance was charge-off in the third quarter of 2025. Combined with write-downs on the other remaining properties, a total of $2.3 million was charged off during 2025 related to this relationship.

Four marine loan relationships had charge-off totaling $580 thousand during 2025 compared to $1.8 million during 2024, which represented six marine relationships. Marine net charge-offs as a percentage to average marine loans outstanding was 0.29% and 0.74%, respectively.

The allowance for credit losses as a percentage of loans was 1.04% and 1.02% at the end of 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in the allowance percentage year over year was mostly attributable to the increase in net

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charge-offs and growth in the portfolio, partially offset by a reduction in the specific reserve. Additionally, the impact of the change in mix of the loan pool balances and associated reserve factors has tempered the level of allowance for credit losses related to loan growth. The ratio of net charge-offs to average loans was 0.25% for 2025 and 0.14% for 2024.

The provision for credit losses for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $3.7 million and $2.6 million, respectively. The provision for credit losses in 2025 and 2024 reflected the level of net charge-offs and the specific reserve allocation in addition to loan growth in the portfolio.

The table titled “Allocation of Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans” shows the amount of the allowance for credit losses which is allocated to the indicated loan categories, along with that category’s percentage of total loans, at December 31, 2025 and 2024. The amount of allowance for credit losses allocated to each loan category is based on the amount of delinquent loans in that loan category, the status of nonperforming assets in that loan category, the historical losses for that loan category, the evaluation of qualitative factors impacting the portfolio and the financial condition of certain borrowers whose financial conditional is monitored on a periodic basis. Management believes that the allowance for credit losses is adequate to absorb the current expected losses in the loan portfolio.

Analysis of Allowance for Credit Losses

(dollars in thousands)