BELLRING BRANDS, INC. (BRBR)

CIK: 0001772016. SIC: 2000 Food and Kindred Products. Latest 10-K as of: 2025-11-18.

SIC breadcrumb: Manufacturing > Food And Kindred Products > SIC 2000 Food and Kindred Products

SEC company page: https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=1772016. Latest filing source: 0001772016-25-000153.

Selected Fundamentals

Financials

Annual standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2025-11-18. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001772016.json. Derived margins are computed from the extracted annual SEC facts.

Flow metrics use full-year FY periods from 10-K/10-K/A filings; balance-sheet metrics use FY-end instants. Missing metrics are omitted rather than fabricated.

Financial Charts

Quarterly

Quarterly standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-05-05. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001772016.json.

Flow metrics use discrete quarter-length periods from 10-Q/10-Q/A filings. Q4 revenue and net income are derived only when annual FY and nine-month YTD facts exist for the same fiscal year; derived Q4 values are labeled. EPS Q4 is not derived.

Quarterly Charts

Macro Cross-References

• CPIAUCSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average
• UNRATE - Unemployment Rate
• FEDFUNDS - Federal Funds Effective Rate
• CES0500000003 - Average Hourly Earnings of All Employees, Total Private
• DFEDTARU - Federal Funds Target Range - Upper Limit
• DFEDTARL - Federal Funds Target Range - Lower Limit
• DGS3MO - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 3-Month Constant Maturity
• DGS2 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 2-Year Constant Maturity
• DGS10 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 10-Year Constant Maturity
• DGS30 - Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 30-Year Constant Maturity
• T10Y2Y - 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Minus 2-Year Treasury Constant Maturity
• CPILFESL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Food and Energy
• CPIUFDSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food
• CPIENGSL - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy
• CUSR0000SAH1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Shelter
• PCEPI - Personal Consumption Expenditures: Chain-type Price Index
• PCEPILFE - Personal Consumption Expenditures Excluding Food and Energy: Chain-type Price Index
• PPIACO - Producer Price Index by Commodity: All Commodities
• T10YIE - 10-Year Breakeven Inflation Rate
• U6RATE - Total Unemployed, Plus All Marginally Attached Workers Plus Total Employed Part Time for Economic Reasons
• PAYEMS - All Employees, Total Nonfarm
• CIVPART - Labor Force Participation Rate
• EMRATIO - Employment-Population Ratio
• UNEMPLOY - Unemployed
• CE16OV - Employment Level
• ICSA - Initial Claims
• JTSJOL - Job Openings: Total Nonfarm
• JTSQUR - Quits: Total Nonfarm
• GDPC1 - Real Gross Domestic Product
• A191RL1Q225SBEA - Real Gross Domestic Product: Percent Change from Preceding Period
• INDPRO - Industrial Production: Total Index
• TCU - Capacity Utilization: Total Index
• HOUST - New Privately-Owned Housing Units Started: Total Units
• PERMIT - New Privately-Owned Housing Units Authorized in Permit-Issuing Places: Total Units
• RSAFS - Advance Retail Sales: Retail Trade
• PCE - Personal Consumption Expenditures
• DSPIC96 - Real Disposable Personal Income
• PSAVERT - Personal Saving Rate
• M2SL - M2
• BOPGSTB - U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services: Balance
• MSPUS - Median Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States
• HSN1F - New One Family Houses Sold: United States
• RHORUSQ156N - Homeownership Rate in the United States
• TTLCONS - Total Construction Spending: Total Construction in the United States
• RRVRUSQ156N - Rental Vacancy Rate in the United States
• TOTALSL - Total Consumer Credit Owned and Securitized
• REVOLSL - Revolving Consumer Credit Owned and Securitized
• DRCCLACBS - Delinquency Rate on Credit Card Loans, All Commercial Banks
• GDP - Gross Domestic Product
• GPDI - Gross Private Domestic Investment
• GCE - Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment
• PCEC - Personal Consumption Expenditures
• NETEXP - Net Exports of Goods and Services
• GFDEBTN - Federal Debt: Total Public Debt
• GFDEGDQ188S - Federal Debt: Total Public Debt as Percent of Gross Domestic Product
• FYFSD - Federal Surplus or Deficit
• FGRECPT - Federal Government Current Receipts
• FGEXPND - Federal Government: Current Expenditures
• MANEMP - All Employees, Manufacturing
• USCONS - All Employees, Construction
• USTRADE - All Employees, Retail Trade
• USFIRE - All Employees, Financial Activities
• USGOVT - All Employees, Government
• AWHAETP - Average Weekly Hours of All Employees, Total Private
• DGORDER - Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods
• NEWORDER - Manufacturers' New Orders: Nondefense Capital Goods Excluding Aircraft
• BUSINV - Total Business Inventories
• EXPGS - Exports of Goods and Services
• IMPGS - Imports of Goods and Services
• IR - Import Price Index (End Use): All Commodities
• PPIFIS - Producer Price Index by Commodity: Final Demand

Latest quarter (10-Q)

Latest 10-Q source: 0001772016-26-000012.

Extracted between Part I Item 2 and the next Item 3/4 or Part II heading after HTML sanitization. Confidence: high. Filing date: 2026-05-05. Report date: 2026-03-31.

ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following discussion summarizes the significant factors affecting the consolidated operating results, financial condition, liquidity and capital resources of BellRing Brands, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included herein, our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2025 and the “Cautionary Statement on Forward-Looking Statements” section included below. The terms “our,” “we,” “us,” “Company” and “BellRing” refer to BellRing Brands, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

OVERVIEW

We are a consumer products holding company operating in the global proactive wellness category and are a provider of ready-to-drink (“RTD”) protein shakes and powders. We have a single operating and reportable segment, with our principal products being protein-based consumer goods. Our primary brands are Premier Protein and Dymatize.

Market Trends

During fiscal 2026, input costs, including raw materials, packaging, and manufacturing, have been subject to inflationary pressures, in part due to the impact of tariffs and evolving global trade policies. Existing tariffs, as well as potential future increases or modifications, may further contribute to supply chain disruption, commodity cost volatility and broader economic uncertainty. We have implemented mitigation initiatives, including pricing actions, cost optimization and supply chain adjustments, which we expect to partially offset these pressures. However, if such cost increases persist and we are unable to fully mitigate their impact, they could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

In February 2026, a military conflict began in the Middle East. While we do not have operations in the region, the conflict has the potential to disrupt global energy markets, which could result in higher energy prices, increased inflationary pressures, and indirect impacts on global supply chains and consumer demand. We continue to monitor developments in the region and assess potential impacts on our business. At this time, we do not expect the conflict to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

For additional discussion, refer to “Liquidity and Capital Resources” and “Cautionary Statement on Forward-Looking Statements” within this section.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Three Months Ended March 31,

Change in

Six Months Ended March 31,

Change in

dollars in millions

2026

2025

$

%

2026

2025

$

%

Net Sales

$

598.7 

$

588.0 

$

10.7 

2 

%

$

1,136.0 

$

1,120.9 

$

15.1 

1 

%

Operating Profit

$

66.0 

$

95.1 

$

(29.1)

(31)

%

$

144.5 

$

210.4 

$

(65.9)

(31)

%

Interest expense, net

20.1 

16.5 

3.6 

22 

%

40.1 

30.9 

9.2 

30 

%

Income tax expense

12.0 

19.9 

(7.9)

(40)

%

26.8 

43.9 

(17.1)

(39)

%

Net Earnings

$

33.9 

$

58.7 

$

(24.8)

(42)

%

$

77.6 

$

135.6 

$

(58.0)

(43)

%

Net Sales

Net sales increased $10.7 million, or 2%, during the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the prior year period. Sales of Premier Protein products were up $9.0 million, or 2%, on 11% higher volumes. Volumes rose primarily due to increased promotional activity and distribution gains. Average net selling prices decreased due to incremental promotional investment and unfavorable mix. Sales of Dymatize products were down $1.3 million, or 2%, driven by 7% lower volumes and partially offset by higher average net selling prices. Volume decreases were driven by elasticities due to inflation-driven price increases. Average net selling prices increased primarily due to targeted price increases and reduced promotional investment. Sales of all other products were up $3.0 million.

Net sales increased $15.1 million, or 1%, during the six months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the prior year period. Sales of Premier Protein products were up $3.3 million, or less than 1%, on 6% higher volumes. Volumes increased primarily due to increased promotional activity and distribution gains. Average net selling prices decreased due to incremental promotional investment and unfavorable mix. Sales of Dymatize products were up $8.6 million, or 7%, driven by 10% higher

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volumes primarily due to higher international volumes. Average net selling prices decreased due to unfavorable product mix. Sales of all other products were up $3.2 million.

Operating Profit

Operating profit decreased $29.1 million, or 31%, during the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to the prior year period. This decrease was primarily driven by lower average net selling prices on Premier Protein products, as previously discussed, higher net product costs of $9.7 million, and increased advertising expenses of $8.7 million. These impacts were partially offset by increased sales volumes on Premier Protein products, as previously discussed, and lower employee-related expenses of $7.5 million. Higher net product costs were primarily driven by higher raw material, manufacturing, and freight costs, including an $11.3 million inventory-related charge associated with a third-party supplied ingredient that did not meet our quality standards, with none of the finished goods released to customers. Higher net product costs were partially offset by a $34.0 million favorable change in (gains) losses on commodity derivatives.

Operating profit decreased $65.9 million, or 31%, during the six months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the prior year period. This decrease was primarily driven by higher net product costs of $45.7 million, lower average net selling prices, as previously discussed, and increased advertising expenses of $6.0 million. These impacts were partially offset by increased sales volumes, as previously discussed, and lower employee-related expenses of $6.8 million. Higher net product costs were primarily driven by higher raw material, manufacturing, and freight costs, including an $11.3 million inventory-related charge associated with a third-party supplied ingredient that did not meet our quality standards, with none of the finished goods released to customers. Higher net product costs were partially offset by a $31.4 million favorable change in (gains) losses on commodity derivatives.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net increased $3.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the prior year period primarily due to higher outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below). The weighted-average interest rate on our total outstanding debt was 6.6% and 7.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

Interest expense, net increased $9.2 million during the six months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the prior year period primarily due to higher outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. The weighted-average interest rate on our total outstanding debt was 6.8% and 7.1% for the six months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. See Note 12 within “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information on our debt.

Income Tax Expense

Our effective income tax rate was 26.1% and 25.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and 25.7% and 24.5% for the six months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

During the six months ended March 31, 2026, we borrowed $265.0 million and repaid $165.0 million under our revolving credit facility, which is provided for under our amended credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement") in an aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million (the "Revolving Credit Facility"). As of March 31, 2026, we had $147.6 million of available borrowing capacity, taking into account the $2.4 million letters of credit outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, which reduce the amount available for borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility. Letters of credit are available under the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate amount of up to $20.0 million. Our Credit Agreement provides for potential incremental revolving and term facilities at the Company’s request and at the discretion of the lenders or other persons providing such incremental facilities, in each case on terms to be determined, and also permits the Company to incur other secured or unsecured debt, in all cases subject to conditions and limitations as specified in the Credit Agreement.

During the six months ended March 31, 2026, we repurchased 4.2 million shares of our common stock at an average share price of $29.18 per share and at a total cost, including any accrued excise tax and broker’s commissions, of $124.4 million. In addition, during the six months ended March 31, 2026, we paid $3.9 million of excise tax that related to fiscal 2025 share repurchases.

We expect to generate positive cash flows from operations over the next twelve months and believe our cash on hand, cash flows from operations and available borrowing capacity will be sufficient to satisfy our future working capital requirements, purchase commitments, research and development activities, debt repayments (including interest payments), share repurchases and other financing requirements for the foreseeable future. We are currently not aware of any trends or demands, commitments, events or uncertainties that will result in, or that are reasonably likely to result in, our liquidity increasing or decreasing in any material way that will impact meeting our capital needs during or beyond the next twelve months. Our ability to generate positive cash flows from operations is dependent on general economic conditions, competitive pressures and other

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business risk factors. We believe that we have sufficient liquidity and cash on hand to satisfy our cash needs. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows from operations, or otherwise to comply with the terms of our credit facilities, we may be required to seek additional financing alternatives.

Short-term financing needs primarily consist of working capital requirements, interest payments on our 7.00% senior notes maturing in March 2030 (the “7.00% Senior Notes”) and on outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and payments on our provision for legal matters. Long-term financing needs include the repayment of our 7.00% Senior Notes and outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. Additional long-term financing needs will depend largely on potential growth opportunities, including acquisition activity and other strategic transactions. Our asset-light business model requires modest capital expenditures, with annual capital expenditures over the last three fiscal years averaging less than 1% of net sales. No significant capital expenditures are planned during the next 12 months. Additionally, we may seek to repurchase shares of our common stock. Such repurchases, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

The following table presents select cash flow data, which is discussed below.

Six Months Ended

March 31,

dollars in millions

2026

2025

Cash (used in) provided by:

Operating activities

$

(14.3)

$

51.2 

Investing activities

(6.0)

(1.9)

Financing activities

(35.5)

(76.3)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

(0.1)

0.1 

Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

$

(55.9)

$

(26.9)

Operating Activities

Cash used in operating activities for the six months ended March 31, 2026 was $14.3 mi

[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]

Latest 10-K MD&A

Extracted between Item 7 and the next Item 7A/8 heading after HTML sanitization. Confidence: high. Filing date: 2025-11-18. Report date: 2025-09-30.

ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion summarizes the significant factors affecting the consolidated operating results, financial condition, liquidity and capital resources of BellRing Brands, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements under Item 8 of this report and the “Cautionary Statement on Forward-Looking Statements” on page 1. The terms “our,” “we,” “us,” “Company” and “BellRing” refer to BellRing Brands, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

The following should be read in conjunction with the discussion and analysis of our fiscal 2024 results compared to our fiscal 2023 results, including any related discussion of fiscal 2023 results and activity, which can be found in Item 7 under the title “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2024, and such discussion and analysis is incorporated by reference herein.

OVERVIEW

We are a consumer products holding company operating in the global convenient nutrition category and are a provider of ready-to-drink (“RTD”) protein shakes and powders. We have a single operating and reportable segment, with our principal products being protein-based consumer goods. Our primary brands are Premier Protein and Dymatize.

Industry & Company Trends

The success of companies in the convenient nutrition category is driven by how well such companies can grow, develop and differentiate their brands. We expect the convergence of several factors to support the continued growth of the convenient nutrition category, including:

•consumers’ increasingly dedicated pursuit of active lifestyles and growing interest in nutrition and wellness (including the use of GLP-1 medication);

•growing awareness of the numerous health benefits of protein, including sustained energy, muscle recovery and satiety; and

•a rise in snacking and the desire for products that can be consumed on-the-go as nutritious snacks or meal replacements.

Nonetheless, the consumer food and beverage industry faces a number of challenges and uncertainties, including:

•the highly competitive nature of the industry, which involves competition from a host of nutritional food and beverage companies, including manufacturers of other branded food and beverage products as well as manufacturers of private label and store brand products;

•changing consumer preferences which require food manufacturers to identify changing preferences and to offer products that appeal to consumers; and

•inflationary pressures (see “Market Trends” below for further information).

Seasonality

We have experienced in the past, and expect to continue to experience, seasonal fluctuations in our sales and operating profit margins because of customer spending patterns and timing of our key retailers’ promotional activity. Historically, our first fiscal quarter is seasonally low for all brands driven by a slowdown of consumption of our products during the holiday season. Sales are typically higher throughout the remainder of the fiscal year as a result of promotional activity at key retailers as well as organic growth of the business.

Market Trends

During fiscal 2024, inflationary pressures on protein costs eased while other costs, such as packaging and manufacturing, faced inflationary pressures. During fiscal 2025, input costs, including raw material, packaging and manufacturing costs, have faced inflationary pressures. In addition, we anticipate that announced tariffs, and any potential future modifications or incremental tariffs, could increase supply chain challenges, commodity cost volatility and consumer and economic uncertainty due to rapid changes in global trade policies. We expect these trends to have a materially adverse impact on our results of operations if we are unable to mitigate the impact on our business.

For additional discussion, refer to “Liquidity and Capital Resources” within this section, as well as “Cautionary Statement on Forward-Looking Statements” on page 1 of this report and “Risk Factors” in Part I of this report.

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Items Affecting Comparability

During the years ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, net sales and/or operating profit were impacted by the following items:

•accelerated amortization of $17.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2024 related to the discontinuance of the PowerBar business in North America; and

•provision for legal matters of $69.0 million for the year ended September 30, 2025. For additional information, refer to Note 14 within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in Item 8 of this report.

For further discussion, refer to “Results of Operations” below.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Year Ended

September 30,

Change in

dollars in millions

2025

2024

$

%

Net Sales

$

2,316.6 

$

1,996.2 

$

320.4 

16 

%

Operating Profit

$

357.4 

$

387.7 

$

(30.3)

(8)

%

 Interest expense, net

68.4 

58.3 

10.1 

17 

%

Income tax expense

72.8 

82.9 

(10.1)

(12)

%

Net Earnings

$

216.2 

$

246.5 

$

(30.3)

(12)

%

Net Sales

Net sales increased $320.4 million, or 16%, during the year ended September 30, 2025 compared to the prior year. Sales of Premier Protein products were up $286.3 million, or 17%, driven by 15% higher volumes primarily due to distribution gains and incremental promotional activity. Average net selling prices increased due to targeted price increases, partially offset by incremental promotional activity. Sales of Dymatize products were up $32.8 million, or 13%, driven by 23% higher volumes primarily due to higher international volumes. Average net selling prices decreased due to unfavorable product mix. Sales of all other products were up $1.3 million.

Operating Profit

Operating profit decreased $30.3 million, or 8%, during the year ended September 30, 2025 compared to the prior year. This decrease was primarily driven by a provision for legal matters of $69.0 million in the current year, higher net product costs of $72.1 million (driven by higher raw material and manufacturing costs, partially offset by lower freight costs), increased advertising expense of $13.9 million and higher warehousing and distribution costs of $12.0 million. These negative impacts were partially offset by higher net sales, as previously discussed, and accelerated amortization of $17.4 million recorded in the prior year related to the discontinuance of the PowerBar business in North America.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net increased $10.1 million during the year ended September 30, 2025 compared to the prior year primarily due to higher outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” within this section). As a result, the weighted-average interest rate on our total outstanding debt increased to 7.1% for the year ended September 30, 2025 from 7.0% for the year ended September 30, 2024. See Note 13 within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information on our debt.

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Income Tax Expense

Our effective income tax rate was 25.2% for both fiscal 2025 and 2024. The following table presents the reconciliation of income tax expense with amounts computed at the United States (“U.S.”) federal statutory tax rate.

Year Ended September 30,

dollars in millions

2025

2024

Computed tax at federal statutory rate (21%)

$

60.7 

$

69.2 

State income taxes, net of effect on federal tax

12.6 

13.5 

Non-deductible compensation

5.6 

3.2 

Other, net (none in excess of 5% of computed tax)

(6.1)

(3.0)

Income tax expense

$

72.8 

$

82.9 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

On March 10, 2022, we entered into a credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”), which provided for a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $250.0 million (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). On August 22, 2025, we entered into a First Amendment to the Credit Agreement (the “Amendment”) which, among other matters, (i) increased the aggregate principal amount available under the Revolving Credit Facility to $500.0 million, (ii) extended the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility to August 22, 2030 provided that if on December 14, 2029, our 7.00% Senior Notes maturing in March 2030 have not been redeemed in full in cash or refinanced and replaced in full with notes and/or loans maturing at least 91 days after August 22, 2030, then the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility will be December 14, 2029, (iii) reduced the interest rate on borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility and (iv) broadened certain exceptions to covenants contained in the Credit Agreement that would otherwise restrict certain activities by us, such as repurchases of our common stock. We incurred $2.1 million of financing fees in connection with the Amendment, which were deferred and are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the Revolving Credit Facility.

Letters of credit are available under the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate amount of up to $20.0 million. The Credit Agreement provides for potential incremental revolving and term facilities at the Company’s request and at the discretion of the lenders or other persons providing such incremental facilities, in each case on terms to be determined, and also permits the Company to incur other secured or unsecured debt, in all cases subject to conditions and limitations specified in the Credit Agreement.

During the years ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we borrowed $700.0 million and zero, respectively, and repaid $450.0 million and $25.0 million, respectively, under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2025, we had $247.6 million of available borrowing capacity and $2.4 million letters of credit outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility.

During the years ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we repurchased 9.0 million and 2.6 million shares, respectively, of our common stock at an average share price of $52.62 and $56.12 per share, respectively, and at a total cost, including accrued excise tax and broker’s commissions, of $476.6 million and $148.0 million, respectively.

For additional information on our Credit Agreement and share repurchases, see Notes 13 and 16 within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

Sources and Uses of Cash

We expect to generate positive cash flows from operations and believe our cash on hand, cash flows from operations and current and possible future credit facilities will be sufficient to satisfy our future working capital requirements, purchase commitments, research and development activities, debt repayments (including interest payments), share repurchases and other financing requirements for the foreseeable future. We are currently not aware of any trends or demands, commitments, events or uncertainties that will result in, or that are reasonably likely to result in, our liquidity increasing or decreasing in any material way that will impact meeting our capital needs during or beyond the next twelve months. Our ability to generate positive cash flows from operations is dependent on general economic conditions, competitive pressures and other business risk factors. We believe that we have sufficient liquidity and cash on hand to satisfy our cash needs. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows from operations, or otherwise to comply with the terms of our credit facilities, we may be required to seek additional financing alternatives.

Short-term financing needs primarily consist of working capital requirements, interest payments on our 7.00% senior notes maturing in March 2030 (the “7.00% Senior Notes”) and on outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and payments on our provision for legal matters. Long-term financing needs include the repayment of our 7.00% Senior Notes and outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. Additional long-term financing needs will depend largely on

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potential growth opportunities, including acquisition activity and other strategic transactions. Our asset-light business model requires modest capital expenditures, with annual capital expenditures over the last three fiscal years averaging less than 1% of net sales. No significant capital expenditures are planned for fiscal 2026. Additionally, we may continue to repurchase shares of our common stock. Such repurchases, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Cash Requirements

Our cash requirements under our various contractual obligations and commitments include:

•Debt Obligations and Interest Payments — See Note 13 within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information on our debt and the timing of expected future principal and interest payments.

•Operating Leases — See Note 10 within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information on our operating leases and the timing of expected future payments.

•Purchase Obligations — Purchase obligations are legally binding agreements to purchase goods, services or equipment that specify all significant terms, including: fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased and/or penalties imposed for failing to meet contracted minimum purchase quantities (such as “take-or-pay” contracts); fixed, minimum or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction. As of September 30, 2025, we had total purchase commitments of $1,362.9 million (with $602.7 million due in fiscal 2026) which extend through fiscal 2033.

•Provision for Legal Matters — See Note 14 within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information on our provision for legal matters, which is expected to be paid in fiscal 2026.

•Other Liabilities — Other liabilities include obligations associated with certain employee benefit programs, unrecognized tax benefits and various other long-term liabilities, all of which have some inherent uncertainty as to the amount and timing of payments and were reflected on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2025.

The following table presents select cash flow data, which is discussed below.

Year Ended September 30,

dollars in millions

2025

2024

Cash provided by (used in):

Operating activities

$

260.6 

$

199.6 

Investing activities

(4.7)

(1.8)

Financing activities

(238.3)

(175.1)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

0.4 

— 

Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

$

18.0 

$

22.7 

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended September 30, 2025 increased $61.0 million compared to the prior year. This increase was primarily driven by fluctuations in the timing of collections of trade receivables, smaller inventory cash outflows in the current year (driven by increased production in the prior year) and decreased tax payments (net of refunds) of $4.1 million, partially offset by increased interest payments of $8.7 million.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities for the year ended September 30, 2025 increased $2.9 million compared to the prior year resulting from an increase in capital expenditures.

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities for the year ended September 30, 2025 increased $63.2 million compared to the prior year, driven by higher payments of $328.3 million, including excise tax payments and broker’s commissions, for the repurchase of our common stock, higher repayments of $425.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility and higher tax withholding payments related to stock compensation plans of $8.0 million. These cash outflows were partially offset by higher borrowings of $700.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Debt Covenants

The Credit Agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants applicable to us and our restricted subsidiaries customary for agreements of this type, including delivery of financial and other information; compliance with laws;

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maintenance of property, existence, insurance, and books and records; providing for inspection rights; obligation to provide collateral and guarantees by certain new subsidiaries; delivery of environmental reports; participation in an annual meeting with the agent and the lenders; further assurances; and limitations with respect to indebtedness, liens, fundamental changes, restrictive agreements, use of proceeds, amendments of organization documents, prepayments and amendments of certain indebtedness, dispositions of assets, acquisitions and other investments, sale leaseback transactions, changes in the nature of business, transactions with affiliates and dividends and redemptions or repurchases of stock. Under the terms of the Credit Agreement, we are also required to comply with a financial covenant requiring us to maintain a total net leverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) not to exceed 6.00:1.00, measured as of the last day of each fiscal quarter. We were in compliance with the financial covenant as of September 30, 2025, and we do not believe non-compliance is reasonably likely in the foreseeable future.

The Credit Agreement provides for potential incremental revolving and term facilities at our request and at the discretion of the lenders or other persons providing such incremental facilities, in each case on terms to be determined, and also permits us to incur other secured or unsecured debt, in all cases subject to conditions and limitations as specified in the Credit Agreement.

In addition, the indenture governing the 7.00% Senior Notes contains negative covenants customary for this type of agreement that limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: borrow money or guarantee debt; create liens; pay dividends on, or redeem or repurchase, stock; make specified types of investments and acquisitions; enter into or permit to exist contractual limits on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us; enter into transactions with affiliates; and sell assets or merge with other companies. Certain of these covenants are subject to suspension when and if the 7.00% Senior Notes receive investment grade ratings.

COMMODITY TRENDS

We are exposed to price fluctuations primarily from purchases of ingredients and packaging materials, energy and other inputs. Our principal ingredients are milk-based, whey-based and soy-based proteins, protein blends, sweeteners and vitamin and mineral blends. Our principal packaging materials consist of aseptic foil and plastic lined cardboard cartons, flexible and rigid plastic film and containers, beverage packaging and corrugate. These costs have been volatile in recent years, and future changes in such costs may cause our results of operations and our operating margins to fluctuate significantly. We manage the impact of cost increases, wherever possible, on commercially reasonable terms, by locking in prices on the quantities through purchase commitments required to meet our production requirements. In addition, we may attempt to offset the effect of increased costs by raising prices to our customers. However, for competitive reasons, we may not be able to pass along the full effect of increases in raw materials and other input costs as we incur them. See “Market Trends” section above for additional information regarding inflationary pressures on our commodity purchases.

CURRENCY

Certain sales and costs of our foreign operations are denominated in Euros and Canadian Dollars (“CAD”). Consequently, profits from these operations are impacted by fluctuations in the value of this currency relative to the U.S. Dollar. We incur gains and losses within our stockholders’ equity due to the translation of our financial statements from foreign currencies into U.S. Dollars and our income statement trends may be impacted by such translation of the income statements of our foreign operations. The exchange rates used to translate our foreign sales into U.S. Dollars positively affected net sales by less than 1% during the year ended September 30, 2025, and did not have a material impact on our operating profit or net earnings during the year ended September 30, 2025.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires the use of judgment, estimates and assumptions. We make these subjective determinations after considering our historical performance, management’s experience, current economic trends and events and information from outside sources. Inherent in this process is the possibility that actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions for any particular period.

Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.” Our critical accounting estimates are those that involve a significant amount of estimation uncertainty and have a meaningful impact on the reporting of our financial condition and results of operations.

Revenue Recognition, Allowance for Trade Promotions — The recognition of certain variable trade promotions, which are treated as a reduction of revenue, requires significant management judgment regarding estimated purchase volumes and program participation. Estimates are based on contractual provisions, redemption rate assumptions and our assessment of current market provisions. Redemption rate assumptions are based on historical results of similar promotions on a deal-by-deal

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basis, adjusted for current expectations of promotion performance based on current market trends. We review and update estimates of variable consideration quarterly. Uncertainties related to the estimates of variable consideration are resolved in a short time frame and do not require any additional constraint on variable consideration. Less than 1% of our annual net sales represent variable consideration that will be resolved in the subsequent period. Based on historical experience, we do not believe that there will be significant changes to our estimates of variable consideration when any uncertainties are resolved with customers. However, significant changes in our estimates could have a material impact on our results of operations.

RECENTLY ISSUED AND ADOPTED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

See Note 3 within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for a discussion regarding recently issued and adopted accounting standards.