Apple Hospitality REIT, Inc. (APLE)

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with Item 8, the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto, the introduction of Part I regarding “Forward-Looking Statements,” and Item 1A, “Risk Factors” appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview

The Company is a Virginia corporation that has elected to be treated as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Company is self-advised and invests in income-producing real estate, primarily in the lodging sector, in the U.S. As of December 31, 2024, the Company owned 221 hotels with an aggregate of 29,764 guest rooms located in urban, high-end suburban and developing markets throughout 37 states and the District of Columbia, including two hotels with a total of 206 guest rooms classified as held for sale, one of which was sold to an unrelated party in February 2025, while the other is expected to be sold in the first quarter of 2025. Substantially all of the Company’s hotels operate under Marriott or Hilton brands. The hotels are operated and managed under separate management agreements with 16 hotel management companies, none of which are affiliated with the Company. The Company’s common shares are listed on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “APLE.”

Recent Hotel Portfolio Activities

The Company continually monitors market conditions and attempts to maximize shareholder value by investing in properties that it believes provide superior value over the long term. Consistent with this strategy and the Company’s focus on investing in rooms-focused hotels, in 2024, the Company acquired two hotels for an aggregate purchase price of $196.3 million: an existing 234-guest-room AC Hotel in Washington, D.C. and a 262-guest-room Embassy Suites in Madison, Wisconsin that was purchased at the completion of development. The Company utilized proceeds from the sale of properties and borrowings under its Revolving Credit Facility to fund these acquisitions. The Company plans to utilize its available cash, net proceeds from the sale of shares under the ATM program, proceeds from the sales of properties or borrowings under its unsecured credit facilities for any future hotel acquisitions.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had one outstanding contract, which was entered into during May 2023, for the potential purchase of a hotel in Nashville, Tennessee for an expected purchase price of approximately $98.2 million. The hotel is under development and is currently planned to be completed and opened for business in late 2025, as a 260-guest-room Motto. As of December 31, 2024, a $1.1 million contract deposit (refundable if the seller does not meet its obligations under the contract) had been paid. If the closing occurs, the Company plans to utilize its available cash or borrowings, including borrowings under its unsecured credit facilities available at closing, to purchase the hotel under contract. Although the Company is working towards acquiring this hotel, there are a number of conditions to closing that have not yet been satisfied, and there can be no assurance that closing on this hotel will occur under the outstanding purchase contract. If the seller meets all of the conditions to closing, the Company is obligated to specifically perform under the purchase contract and acquire this hotel. As this hotel is under development, at this time, the seller has not met all of the conditions to closing.

For its existing portfolio, the Company monitors each property’s profitability, market conditions and capital requirements and attempts to maximize shareholder value by disposing of properties when it believes that superior value can be provided from the sale of the property. As a result, during the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company sold six hotels in five separate transactions with unrelated parties for a combined gross sales price of approximately $63.4 million, resulting in a combined gain on the sales of approximately $19.7 million, net of transaction costs. The Company used a portion of the net proceeds from the sale of two of the hotels to complete a like-kind exchange, in accordance with Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for the acquisition of the AC Hotel in Washington, D.C., which was completed in March 2024. The net proceeds from the sale of the other four hotels were used for share repurchases and general corporate purposes.

New York Independent Boutique Hotel Lease

In May 2023, the Company entered into an operating lease for an initial 15-year term with a third-party hotel operator at its independent boutique hotel in New York, New York for all hotel operations of the hotel’s 210 guest rooms. Lease revenue from this property is recorded in other revenue in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. As a result of the lease and transfer of possession to the operator, this property has been excluded from the Company’s hotel and guest room counts since May 2023. As a result of the operator's failure to make lease payments, the Company has commenced legal proceedings to remove the operator from possession of the hotel. The Company intends to enforce its rights under the lease and transition management of the hotel to a third-party manager, however, the removal process is still ongoing and the timing of the resolution of this matter and the transition of management operations cannot be predicted at this time.

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See Note 2 titled “Investment in Real Estate” and Note 3 titled “Assets Held for Sale and Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning these transactions.

Hotel Operations

As of December 31, 2024, the Company owned 221 hotels with a total of 29,764 guest rooms, including two hotels with a total of 206 guest rooms classified as held for sale, as compared to 225 hotels with a total of 29,900 guest rooms as of December 31, 2023. Results of operations are included only for the period of ownership for hotels acquired or disposed of during all periods presented. During 2024, the Company acquired two hotels and sold six hotels. During 2023, the Company acquired six hotels and did not dispose of any hotels. Results of the hotel operations for the Company’s independent boutique hotel in New York, New York are included only for the period prior to the lease agreement becoming effective in May 2023. See further discussion in Note 2 titled “Investments in Real Estate” and Note 3 titled “Assets Held for Sale and Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As a result, the comparability of results for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, as discussed below, is also impacted by these transactions.

In evaluating financial condition and operating performance, the most important indicators on which the Company focuses are revenue measurements, such as average occupancy, ADR and RevPAR, and expenses, such as hotel operating expenses, general and administrative expenses and other expenses described below. RevPAR and operating results may be impacted by regional and local economies and local regulations as well as changes in lodging demand due to macroeconomic factors including inflationary pressures, higher energy prices or a recessionary environment.

The following is a summary of the results from operations of the Company’s hotels for their respective periods of ownership by the Company.

(1)
See reconciliation of Adjusted Hotel EBITDA to net income in “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below.

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Comparable Hotels Operating Results

The following table reflects certain operating statistics for the Company’s 219 hotels owned and held for use as of December 31, 2024. The Company defines metrics from Comparable Hotels as results generated by the 219 hotels owned and held for use as of the end of the reporting period. For the hotels acquired during the reporting periods shown, the Company has included, as applicable, results of those hotels for periods prior to the Company’s ownership using information provided by the properties’ prior owners at the time of acquisition and not adjusted by the Company. This information has not been audited, either for the periods owned or prior to ownership by the Company. For dispositions and assets held for sale, results have been excluded for the Company’s period of ownership.

Same Store Operating Results

The following table reflects certain operating statistics for the 209 hotels owned and held for use by the Company as of January 1, 2022 and during the entirety of the reporting periods being compared (“Same Store Hotels”). This information has not been audited.

As discussed above, hotel performance is impacted by many factors, including the economic conditions in the U.S. as well as each individual locality. Economic indicators in the U.S. have generally been stable throughout 2024. As a result, the Company’s Comparable Hotels and Same Store Hotels revenue and operating results have modestly improved during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, which is consistent with the overall lodging industry. The Company expects low single digit RevPAR growth for its Comparable Hotels for 2025 as compared to 2024, which is comparable to broader industry expectations. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company’s hotels in general have shown results that have been broadly consistent with industry, brand and chain scale averages.

Results of Operations

A discussion regarding the Company’s results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023 is presented below. A discussion regarding the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 can be found under the section titled “Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 22, 2024, which is incorporated herein by reference and which is available free of charge on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and in the Investor Information section of the Company’s website at www.applehospitalityreit.com.

Revenues

The Company’s principal source of revenue is hotel revenue consisting of room, food and beverage, and other related revenue. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had total revenue of $1.4 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, Comparable Hotels achieved combined average occupancy of 75.1% and 74.4%, ADR of $158.94 and $158.09 and RevPAR of $119.36 and $117.67. ADR is calculated as room revenue divided by the number of rooms sold, and RevPAR is calculated as occupancy multiplied by ADR.

Compared to 2023, the Company experienced increases in ADR and occupancy in 2024, resulting in an increase of 1.4% in RevPAR, for Comparable Hotels. Revenue growth in 2024, compared to 2023, was driven by the additional hotels acquired in the

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fourth quarter of 2023 and the first half of 2024, further supported by increased strength in business transient demand for the portfolio as well as strong group demand. Markets with significant above average growth in 2024, compared to 2023, for the Company included Houston, New Orleans, Cape Canaveral and Anchorage. Leisure demand, which has produced the strongest rate growth post pandemic, showed signs of increased rate sensitivity in some markets during 2024, and midweek rate growth came at lower absolute rates than those achieved on weekends, with the combined effect weighing on overall ADR growth for 2024. Future revenues could be negatively impacted by, among other things, historical seasonal trends, deterioration of consumer sentiment, a recessionary macroeconomic environment or inflationary pressures.

Hotel Operating Expense

Hotel operating expense consists of direct room operating expense, hotel administrative expense, sales and marketing expense, utilities expense, repair and maintenance expense, franchise fees and management fees. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, hotel operating expense totaled $837.9 million and $780.7 million, respectively, or 58.5% and 58.1% of total revenue for each respective year.

The increase in hotel operating expense for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, was led by the additional hotels acquired in 2023 and 2024 and amplified by increased labor costs, repairs and maintenance and sales and marketing costs driven by inflationary pressures throughout the overall economy, as well as revenue growth for certain variable expenses. The Company continues to feel upward pressure on wage rates given a competitive labor market. However, the rate of wage growth has slowed and management companies have made progress in reducing their use of contract labor, which costs more on average than in-house labor. The Company anticipates a slightly more favorable operating expense environment assuming the impact of inflationary pressures moderates in 2025. The Company continues to monitor its management companies’ efforts to realize operational efficiencies and mitigate the impact of cost pressures resulting from inflation and a tight labor market. The Company will continue to support its management companies in implementing adjustments to the hotel operating model in response to continued changes in the operating environment and guest preferences, including its efforts to maximize operational efficiency.

Property Taxes, Insurance and Other Expense

Property taxes, insurance and other expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $84.4 million and $79.3 million, respectively, or 5.9% of total revenue for each respective year. The increase in property taxes, insurance, and other expense was primarily due to an increase in casualty insurance premiums and increases in property taxes in certain locations, partially offset by decreases at other locations due to successful appeals of tax assessments, decreases in property insurance premiums and a state franchise tax refund received during the third quarter of 2024 resulting from legislative changes. The Company will continue to proactively pursue tax assessment appeals in certain jurisdictions in an attempt to minimize tax increases, as warranted.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $42.5 million and $47.4 million, respectively, or 3.0% and 3.5% of total revenue, respectively. The principal components of general and administrative expense are payroll and related benefit costs, executive incentive compensation, legal fees, accounting fees and reporting expenses. The decrease in general and administrative expense in 2024 as compared to 2023 was primarily due to a decrease in the Company’s executive incentive compensation plan accrual, partially offset by increased payroll and related benefit costs.

Impairment of Depreciable Real Estate

Impairment of depreciable real estate was approximately $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, consisting of impairment losses at two hotel properties identified by the Company in the third quarter of 2024, and one property identified in the fourth quarter of 2024. Impairment of depreciable real estate was $5.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, consisting of impairment losses at two hotel properties identified by the Company in the fourth quarter of 2023. See Note 3, titled “Assets Held for Sale and Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning these impairment losses.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $190.6 million and $183.2 million, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense primarily represents expense of the Company’s hotel buildings and related improvements, and associated personal property (furniture, fixtures, and equipment) for their respective periods owned. The increase was primarily due to the acquisition of two hotels in the first half of 2024 and six hotels and one free-standing parking garage in 2023, where five of the six hotels and the free-standing parking garage were acquired in the fourth quarter of 2023, as well as renovations completed throughout both 2024 and 2023. The increase was partially offset by the sale of six hotels in 2024.

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Interest and Other Expense, net

Interest and other expense, net for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $77.7 million and $68.9 million, respectively, and is net of approximately $1.4 million and $1.5 million, respectively, of interest capitalized associated with renovation projects.

Interest expense related to the Company’s debt instruments for the year ended December 31, 2024 increased compared to the year ended December 31, 2023 as a result of higher average borrowings associated with variable-rate debt and higher average interest rates on the Company's variable-rate debt due to the current inflationary environment. These higher borrowings financed acquisitions, share repurchases and repayment of matured secured debt obligations during the year ended December 31, 2024. The proportion of fixed-rate debt decreased over the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period of 2023, as the Company had six interest rate swaps in effect on $285.0 million of variable-rate debt that matured during 2024 while the Company entered into four new swaps in effect on $200.0 million of variable rate debt during 2024, but at a higher fixed rate than the swaps that expired. If the Company continues to replace expiring interest rate swaps in the current interest rate environment with new agreements, the Company expects those new agreements to be at higher rates than the expiring swap agreements.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The Company considers the following non-GAAP financial measures useful to investors as key supplemental measures of its operating performance: Funds from Operations (“FFO”), Modified Funds from Operations (“MFFO”), Earnings Before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”), Earnings Before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization for Real Estate (“EBITDAre”), Adjusted EBITDAre (“Adjusted EBITDAre”) and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered along with, but not as alternatives to, net income (loss), cash flow from operations or any other operating GAAP measure. FFO, MFFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA are not necessarily indicative of funds available to fund the Company’s cash needs, including its ability to make cash distributions. Although FFO, MFFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA, as calculated by the Company, may not be comparable to FFO, MFFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA, as reported by other companies that do not define such terms exactly as the Company defines such terms, the Company believes these supplemental measures are useful to investors when comparing the Company’s results between periods and with other REITs.

FFO and MFFO

The Company calculates and presents FFO in accordance with standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“Nareit”), which defines FFO as net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets (including gains and losses from change in control), extraordinary items as defined by GAAP, and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, plus real estate related depreciation, amortization and impairments, and adjustments for unconsolidated affiliates. Historical cost accounting for real estate assets implicitly assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. Since real estate values instead have historically risen or fallen with market conditions, most real estate industry investors consider FFO to be helpful in evaluating a real estate company’s operations. The Company further believes that by excluding the effects of these items, FFO is useful to investors in comparing its operating performance between periods and between REITs that report FFO using the Nareit definition. FFO as presented by the Company is applicable only to its common shareholders, but does not represent an amount that accrues directly to common shareholders.

The Company calculates MFFO by further adjusting FFO for the exclusion of amortization of finance ground lease assets, amortization of favorable and unfavorable operating leases, net and non-cash straight-line operating ground lease expense, as these expenses do not reflect the underlying performance of the related hotels. The Company presents MFFO when evaluating its performance because it believes that it provides further useful supplemental information to investors regarding its ongoing operating performance. In addition, MFFO is a component of a key compensation measure of operational performance within the 2024 Incentive Plan.

The following table reconciles the Company’s GAAP net income to FFO and MFFO for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands).

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EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA

EBITDA is a commonly used measure of performance in many industries and is defined as net income (loss) excluding interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. The Company believes EBITDA is useful to investors because it helps the Company and its investors evaluate the ongoing operating performance of the Company by removing the impact of its capital structure (primarily interest expense) and its asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization). In addition, certain covenants included in the agreements governing the Company’s indebtedness use EBITDA, as defined in the specific credit agreement, as a measure of financial compliance.

In addition to EBITDA, the Company also calculates and presents EBITDAre in accordance with standards established by Nareit, which defines EBITDAre as EBITDA, excluding gains and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets (including gains and losses from change in control), plus real estate related impairments, and adjustments to reflect the entity’s share of EBITDAre of unconsolidated affiliates. The Company presents EBITDAre because it believes that it provides further useful information to investors in comparing its operating performance between periods and between REITs that report EBITDAre using the Nareit definition.

The Company also considers the exclusion of non-cash straight-line operating ground lease expense from EBITDAre useful, as this expense does not reflect the underlying performance of the related hotels (Adjusted EBITDAre).

The Company further excludes actual corporate-level general and administrative expense for the Company as well as Adjusted EBITDAre from the non-hotel property from Adjusted EBITDAre (Adjusted Hotel EBITDA) to isolate property-level operational performance over which the Company’s hotel operators have direct control. The Company believes Adjusted Hotel EBITDA provides useful supplemental information to investors regarding operating performance and it is used by management to measure the performance of the Company’s hotels and effectiveness of the operators of the hotels. In addition, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA are both components of key compensation measures of operational performance within the 2024 Incentive Plan.

The following table reconciles the Company’s GAAP net income to EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands).

(1)
Non-hotel property only includes the results of one hotel in New York, New York that is leased to a third-party hotel operator. The Company is in the process of removing the operator from possession of the hotel. This property’s Adjusted EBITDAre results are not included in Adjusted Hotel EBITDA starting in the second half of 2023.

Hotels Owned

As of December 31, 2024, the Company owned 221 hotels with an aggregate of 29,764 guest rooms located in 37 states and the District of Columbia, including two hotels with a total of 206 guest rooms classified as held for sale, one of which was sold to an unrelated party in February 2025, while the other is expected to be sold in the first quarter of 2025. See “Management and Franchise Agreements” in Part I, Item 1, Business, appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a table summarizing the number of hotels and guest rooms by brand. Refer to Part I, Item 2, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for tables summarizing the number of hotels and guest rooms by state, and summarizing the location, brand, manager, date acquired or completed and number of guest rooms for each of the 221 hotels the Company owned as of December 31, 2024.

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Related Parties

The Company has engaged in, and is expected to continue to engage in, transactions with related parties. These transactions cannot be construed to be at arm’s length, and the results of the Company’s operations may have been different if these transactions were conducted with non-related parties. See Note 6, titled “Related Parties” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning the Company’s related party transactions.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Capital Resources

The Company’s principal short-term sources of liquidity are the operating cash flows generated from the Company’s properties and availability under its Revolving Credit Facility. Over the long term, the Company may receive proceeds from strategic additional secured and unsecured debt financing, dispositions of its hotel properties and offerings of the Company’s common shares, including pursuant to the ATM Program. Macroeconomic pressures, including inflation, increases in interest rates and general market uncertainty, could impact the Company’s ability to raise debt or equity capital to fund long-term liquidity requirements in a cost-effective manner.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $1.5 billion of total outstanding debt consisting of $254.3 million of mortgage debt and $1.2 billion outstanding under its credit facilities, excluding unamortized debt issuance costs and fair value adjustments. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had available corporate cash on hand of approximately $10.3 million, and unused borrowing capacity under its Revolving Credit Facility of approximately $567.5 million.

The credit agreements governing the unsecured credit facilities contain mandatory prepayment requirements, customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The credit agreements require that the Company comply with various covenants, which include, among others, a minimum tangible net worth, maximum debt limits, minimum interest and fixed charge coverage ratios, and restrictions on certain investments. The Company was in compliance with the applicable covenants as of December 31, 2024.

On July 17, 2024, the Company amended the 2017 $85 million term loan facility, which increased the amount of the term loan facility to $130 million, with the additional $45 million funded at closing, and extended the maturity date to July 25, 2026. The interest rate, subject to certain exceptions, is equal to an annual rate of the one-month SOFR plus a 0.10% SOFR spread adjustment plus a margin ranging from 1.35% to 2.20%, depending on the Company's leverage ratio, as calculated under the terms of the amended credit agreement. Subject to certain conditions, including covenant compliance and additional fees, the maturity date of the $130 million term loan facility may be extended by the Company to July 25, 2027.

See Note 4 titled “Debt” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a description of the Company’s debt instruments as of December 31, 2024 and a summary of the financial and restrictive covenants as defined in the credit agreements.

On February 23, 2024, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement pursuant to which the Company may sell, from time to time, up to an aggregate of $500 million of its common shares under the ATM Program under the Company’s shelf registration statement. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company did not sell any common shares under the ATM Program, and no common shares were sold during the year ended December 31, 2024 under the Prior ATM Program, which was terminated in February 2024 in connection with the commencement of the current ATM Program. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company sold approximately 12.8 million shares under the Prior ATM Program at a weighted-average market sales price of approximately $17.05 per common share and received aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $218.6 million and proceeds net of offering costs, which included $2.6 million of commissions, of approximately $216.0 million. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of these shares to pay down borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, for acquisitions of hotel properties and for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2024, approximately $500 million remained available for issuance under the ATM Program. The Company plans to use future net proceeds from the sale of shares under the ATM Program, or under a similar successor program, for general corporate purposes which may include, among other things, acquisitions of additional properties, the repayment of outstanding indebtedness, capital expenditures, improvement of properties in its portfolio and working capital. The Company may also use the net proceeds to acquire another REIT or other company that invests in income producing properties. Future offerings will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by the Company, including market conditions, the trading price of the Company’s common shares and opportunities for uses of any proceeds.

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As discussed in Note 3, titled “Assets Held for Sale and Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as of December 31, 2024, the Company had outstanding contracts with separate unrelated parties to sell two of its hotels for a combined gross sales price of approximately $21.0 million, one of which was sold in February 2025, while the other is expected to be sold in the first quarter of 2025. The net proceeds from the sale of both hotels are expected to be used for general corporate purposes.

Capital Uses

The Company anticipates that cash flow from operations, availability under its Revolving Credit Facility, additional borrowings, and proceeds from hotel dispositions and equity offerings will be adequate to meet its anticipated liquidity requirements, including required distributions to shareholders, share repurchases, capital improvements, debt service, hotel acquisitions, lease commitments, and cash management activities.

Distributions

The Company generally must distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, subject to certain adjustments and excluding any net capital gain, in order to maintain its REIT status. After a suspension of its monthly distributions due to the impact of COVID-19 on its operating cash flows, the Board of Directors of the Company reinstated its policy of distributions on a monthly basis and declared a monthly cash distribution of $0.05 per common share with the first monthly distribution paid in March 2022. In August and October 2022, the Board of Directors approved subsequent increases to the monthly cash distribution to $0.07 and $0.08 per common share, respectively. The Company continued a monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share in 2023 and 2024. In addition to the regular monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share approved by the Board of Directors in December 2022, the Board of Directors approved a special cash distribution of $0.08 per common share for a combined distribution of $0.16 per common share, paid in January 2023, to shareholders of record as of December 30, 2022. In December 2023, in addition to the regular monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share, the Board of Directors approved a special cash distribution of $0.05 per common share for a combined distribution of $0.13 per common share, paid in January 2024, to shareholders of record as of December 29, 2023. In December 2024, in addition to the regular monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share, the Board of Directors approved a special cash distribution of $0.05 per common share for a combined distribution of $0.13 per common share, paid in January 2025, to shareholders of record as of December 31, 2024. Distributions paid for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $1.01, $1.04 and $0.61 per common share, respectively, for a total of approximately $243.7 million, $238.3 million and $139.5 million, respectively.

The Company's current annual distribution rate, payable monthly, is $0.96 per common share. As it has done historically, due to seasonality, the Company may use its Revolving Credit Facility to maintain the consistency of the monthly distribution rate, taking into consideration any acquisitions, dispositions, capital improvements and economic cycles. While management currently expects monthly cash distributions to continue at $0.08 per common share, any distribution will be subject to approval of the Company’s Board of Directors and there can be no assurance of the classification, timing or duration of distributions at any particular distribution rate. The Board of Directors monitors the Company’s distribution rate relative to the performance of its hotels on an ongoing basis and may make adjustments to the distribution rate as determined to be prudent in relation to other cash requirements of the Company or to the extent required to maintain the Company’s REIT status. If cash flows from operations and the Revolving Credit Facility are not adequate to meet liquidity requirements, the Company may utilize additional financing sources to make distributions. Although the Company has relatively low levels of debt, there can be no assurance it will be successful with this strategy, and it may need to reduce its distributions to minimum levels required to maintain its qualification as a real estate investment trust. If the Company were unable to extend its maturing debt in future periods or if it were to default on its debt, it may be unable to make distributions.

Share Repurchases

In May 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a one-year extension of its existing Share Repurchase Program, authorizing share repurchases up to an aggregate of $335.4 million. The Share Repurchase Program may be suspended or terminated at any time by the Company and will end in July 2025 if not terminated or extended earlier. The Company previously entered into and expects to continue to enter into written trading plans as part of the Share Repurchase Program that provide for share repurchases in open market transactions that are intended to comply with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company purchased, under its Share Repurchase Program, approximately 2.4 million of its common shares at a weighted-average market purchase price of approximately $14.16 per common share for an aggregate purchase price, including commissions, of approximately $34.7 million. Repurchases under the Share Repurchase Program have been funded, and the Company intends to fund future repurchases, with cash on hand, proceeds from dispositions or availability under its unsecured credit facilities, subject to applicable restrictions under the Company’s unsecured credit facilities (if any). The timing of share repurchases and the number of common shares to be repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program will also depend upon prevailing market conditions, regulatory requirements and other factors. As of December 31, 2024, approximately $300.8 million remained available for purchase under the Share Repurchase Program.

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Capital Improvements

Management routinely monitors the condition and operations of its hotels and plans renovations and other improvements as it deems prudent. The Company is committed to maintaining and enhancing each property’s competitive position in its market. The Company has invested in and plans to continue to reinvest in its hotels. Under certain loan and management agreements, the Company is required to place in escrow funds for the repair, replacement and refurbishing of furniture, fixtures, and equipment at the applicable hotels, based on a percentage of the hotel’s gross revenues, provided that such amount may be used for the Company’s capital expenditures with respect to those hotels. As of December 31, 2024, the Company held approximately $31.0 million in reserves related to these properties. During 2024, the Company invested approximately $78.3 million in capital expenditures. The Company anticipates spending approximately $80 million to $90 million during 2025, which includes various comprehensive renovation projects for approximately 20 properties, however, inflationary pressures or supply chain shortages, among other issues, may result in increased costs and delays for anticipated projects. The Company does not currently have any existing or planned projects for new property development.

Upcoming Debt Maturities and Debt Service Payments

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $361.0 million of principal and interest payments due on its debt over the next 12 months. Included in this total are mortgages secured by four properties totaling $63.9 million that mature in the second and fourth quarters of 2025 and two term loans totaling $225.0 million that mature in the third quarter of 2025. The Company plans to pay outstanding amounts and service payments due upon the upcoming debt maturity dates using funds from operations, borrowings under its Revolving Credit Facility, proceeds from new financing, available credit extensions under its unsecured credit facilities or refinancing the maturing debt. The Company may also pursue amendments with its lenders to extend the maturity date of any expiring loans. The proportion of variable-rate debt that is fixed by interest rate swaps has decreased during the year ended December 31, 2024 as the Company had six interest rate swaps in effect on $285.0 million of variable-rate debt that matured while the Company entered into four new interest rate swaps in effect on $200.0 million but at higher rates than the expiring swap agreements. If the Company replaces expiring interest rate swaps in the current interest rate environment with new agreements, the Company anticipates those new agreements to be at higher rates than the expiring swap agreements. See Note 4 titled “Debt” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for more detail regarding future maturities of the Company’s debt instruments as of December 31, 2024.

Hotel Purchase Contract Commitments

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had one outstanding contract, which was entered into during May 2023, for the potential purchase of a hotel in Nashville, Tennessee for an expected purchase price of approximately $98.2 million. The hotel is under development and is currently planned to be completed and opened for business in late 2025, as a 260-guest-room Motto. As of December 31, 2024, a $1.1 million contract deposit (refundable if the seller does not meet its obligations under the contract) had been paid. If the closing occurs, the Company plans to utilize its available cash or borrowings, including borrowings under its unsecured credit facilities available at closing, to purchase the hotel under contract. Although the Company is working towards acquiring this hotel, there are a number of conditions to closing that have not yet been satisfied, and there can be no assurance that closing on this hotel will occur under the outstanding purchase contract. If the seller meets all of the conditions to closing, the Company is obligated to specifically perform under the purchase contract and acquire this hotel. As this hotel is under development, at this time, the seller has not met all of the conditions to closing.

Lease Commitments

The Company is the lessee on certain ground leases, hotel equipment leases and office space leases. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had 14 properties subject to ground leases and three parking lot ground leases with remaining terms ranging from approximately 14 to 94 years, excluding renewal options. Certain of its ground leases have options to extend beyond the initial lease term by periods ranging from five to 120 years. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had total remaining minimum lease payments of $276.2 million, including $7.4 million due in the next year. Refer to Note 10, titled “Lease Commitments” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details.

Cash Management Activities

As part of the cost sharing arrangements discussed in Note 6, titled “Related Parties” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, certain day-to-day transactions may result in amounts due to or from the Company and ARG. To efficiently manage cash disbursements, the Company or ARG may make payments for the other company. Under the cash management process, each company may advance or defer up to $1 million at any time. Each quarter, any outstanding amounts are settled between the companies. This process allows each company to minimize its cash on hand and reduces the cost for each company. The amounts outstanding at any point in time are not significant to either of the companies.

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Management and Franchise Agreements

Each of the Company’s 221 hotels owned as of December 31, 2024 is operated and managed under separate management agreements with 16 hotel management companies, none of which are affiliated with the Company. Thirteen of the Company’s hotels are managed by affiliates of Marriott. The remainder of the Company’s hotels are managed by companies that are not affiliated with either Marriott, Hilton or Hyatt, and, as a result, the branded hotels they manage were required to obtain separate franchise agreements with each respective franchisor. See Note 9, titled “Management and Franchise Agreements” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information pertaining to the management and franchise agreements, including a listing of the Company’s hotel management companies.

Impact of Inflation

The Company relies on the performance of its hotels and the ability of its hotel operators to increase revenue to keep pace with inflation. Hotel operators, in general, possess the ability to adjust room rates daily to reflect the effects of inflation on the Company's operating expenses. However, competitive pressures and other factors could limit the operators’ ability to raise room rates and, as a result, the Company may not be able to offset increased operating expenses with increases in revenue.

Business Interruption

Being in the real estate industry, the Company is exposed to natural disasters on both a local and national scale. Although management believes the Company has adequate insurance to cover this exposure, there can be no assurance that such events will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Seasonality

The hotel industry historically has been seasonal in nature. Seasonal variations in occupancy at the Company’s hotels may cause quarterly fluctuations in its revenues. Generally, occupancy rates and hotel revenues for the Company’s hotels are greater in the second and third quarters than in the first and fourth quarters. To the extent that cash flow from operations is insufficient during any quarter due to temporary or seasonal fluctuations in revenue, the Company expects to utilize cash on hand or available financing sources to meet cash requirements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The following contains a discussion of what the Company believes to be its critical accounting policies and estimates. These items should be read to gain a further understanding of the principles and estimates used to prepare the Company’s financial statements. These principles and estimates include application of judgment; therefore, changes in judgments may have a material impact on the Company’s reported results of operations and financial condition.

Investment Policy

Upon acquisition of real estate properties, the Company estimates the fair value of acquired tangible assets (consisting of land, buildings and improvements, and furniture, fixtures and equipment) and identified intangible assets and liabilities, including in-place leases, and assumed debt based on the evaluation of information and estimates available at that date. Fair values for these assets are not directly observable and estimates are based on comparable asset sales and other information which is subjective in nature, including comparable land sales as well as industry and Company data regarding building and furniture, fixture and equipment costs, including adjustments for estimated depreciation based on the age of the property acquired and time since its most recent renovation. The Company has not assigned any value to management contracts and franchise agreements as such contracts are generally at current market rates based on the remaining terms of the contracts and any other value attributable to these contracts is not considered material. Acquisitions of hotel properties are generally accounted for as acquisitions of a group of assets, with costs incurred to effect an acquisition, including title, legal, accounting, brokerage commissions and other related costs, being capitalized as part of the cost of the assets acquired, instead of accounted for separately as expenses in the period that they are incurred. The underlying assumptions are subject to uncertainty and thus any changes to the allocation of fair value to each of the various line items within the Company’s consolidated balance sheets could have an impact on the Company’s financial condition as well as results of operations due to resulting changes in depreciation and amortization as a result of the fair value allocation. The acquisitions of real estate subject to this estimate totaled two properties, for a combined purchase price of approximately $196.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and seven properties, including six hotels and one free-standing parking garage, for a combined purchase price of $289.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.

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Impairment Losses Policy

The Company records impairment losses on hotel properties used in operations if indicators of impairment are present, and the sum of the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by the respective properties over their estimated remaining useful life, based on historical and industry data, is less than the properties’ carrying amount. Indicators of impairment include a property with current or potential losses from operations, when it becomes more likely than not that a property will be disposed of before the end of its previously estimated useful life or when events, trends, contingencies or changes in circumstances indicate that a triggering event has occurred and an asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company monitors its properties on an ongoing basis by analytically reviewing financial performance and considers each property individually for purposes of reviewing for indicators of impairment. As many indicators of impairment are subjective, such as general economic and market declines, the Company also prepares an annual recoverability analysis for each of its properties to assist with its evaluation of impairment indicators. The Company performs quarterly recoverability analyses by comparing each property’s net book value to its estimated operating income based on assumptions and estimates about the property’s future revenues, expenses and capital expenditures after disruptive events such as renovations or newly opened hotels in the same market. The Company’s planned initial hold period for each property is generally 39 years. If events or circumstances change, such as the Company’s intended hold period for a property or if the operating performance of a property declines substantially for an extended period of time, the Company’s carrying value for a particular property may not be recoverable, and an impairment loss will be recorded. Impairment losses are measured as the difference between the asset’s fair value and its carrying value. The Company’s ongoing analyses and annual recoverability analyses have identified impairment losses on three properties recorded in 2024, two properties recorded in 2023 and two properties recorded in 2022 totaling approximately $3.1 million, $5.6 million and $26.2 million, respectively, as discussed in Note 3, titled “Assets Held for Sale and Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

New Accounting Standards

See Note 1, titled “Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for information on the anticipated adoption of recently issued accounting standards.

Subsequent Events

On January 15, 2025, the Company paid approximately $31.2 million, or $0.13 per common share, in distributions to shareholders of record as of December 31, 2024.

On January 17, 2025, the Company declared a monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share. The distribution is payable on February 18, 2025, to shareholders of record as of January 31, 2025.

On February 12, 2025, the Company completed the sale of the 76-guest-room Homewood Suites in Chattanooga, Tennessee, for a gross sales price of approximately $8.3 million.

On February 18, 2025, the Company declared a monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share. The distribution is payable on March 17, 2025, to shareholders of record as of February 28, 2025.

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with Item 8, the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto, the introduction of Part I regarding “Forward-Looking Statements,” and Item 1A, “Risk Factors” appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview

The Company is a Virginia corporation that has elected to be treated as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Company is self-advised and invests in income-producing real estate, primarily in the lodging sector, in the U.S. As of December 31, 2023, the Company owned 225 hotels with an aggregate of 29,900 rooms located in urban, high-end suburban and developing markets throughout 38 states, including two hotels with a total of 248 rooms classified as held for sale, which were both sold to an unrelated party in February 2024. The Company also owns one property leased to third parties. Substantially all of the Company’s hotels operate under Marriott or Hilton brands. The hotels are operated and managed under separate management agreements with 16 hotel management companies, none of which are affiliated with the Company. The Company’s common shares are listed on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “APLE.”

Recent Hotel Portfolio Activities

The Company continually monitors market conditions and attempts to maximize shareholder value by investing in properties that it believes provide superior value over the long term. Consistent with this strategy and the Company’s focus on investing in rooms-focused hotels, in 2023, the Company acquired six existing hotels and one free-standing parking garage for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $289.8 million: a 154-room Courtyard in Cleveland, Ohio, a 175-room Courtyard in Salt Lake City, Utah, a 159-room Hyatt House in Salt Lake City, Utah, a free-standing parking garage which serves both of the Salt Lake City, Utah hotels and the surrounding area, a 146-room Residence Inn in Renton, Washington, a 192-room Embassy Suites in South Jordan, Utah and a 299-room SpringHill Suites in Las Vegas, Nevada. The Company utilized its available cash on hand, net proceeds from sale of shares under the ATM program and borrowings under its Revolving Credit Facility to fund the acquisitions and plans to utilize its available cash or borrowings under its unsecured credit facilities for any future acquisitions.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had separate outstanding contracts for the potential purchase of two hotels, consisting of one hotel in Madison, Wisconsin and one hotel in Nashville, Tennessee, for a total combined purchase price of approximately $177.5 million. Both hotels are under development, with the hotel in Madison, Wisconsin currently planned to be completed and opened for business in mid-2024 and the Nashville, Tennessee hotel currently planned to be completed and opened for business in late 2025, at which respective times the Company expects to complete the purchases of these hotels. Although the Company is working towards acquiring these hotels, in each case there are a number of conditions to closing that have not yet been satisfied, and there can be no assurance that closings on these hotels will occur under the outstanding purchase contracts. If the sellers meet all of the conditions to closing, the Company is obligated to specifically perform under the applicable purchase contracts and acquire these hotels. If the closings occur, the Company plans to utilize its available cash or borrowings under its unsecured credit facilities available at closing to purchase the properties under contract.

For its existing portfolio, the Company monitors each property’s profitability, market conditions and capital requirements and attempts to maximize shareholder value by disposing of properties when it believes that superior value can be provided from the sale of the property. The Company did not dispose of any properties in the year ended December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had an outstanding contract to sell two of its hotels, which both sold to an unrelated party for a combined gross sales price of approximately $33.5 million in February 2024. The net proceeds from the sale of both hotels were used for general corporate purposes.

New York Independent Boutique Hotel Lease

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company entered into an operating lease for an initial 15-year term with a third-party hotel operator at its independent boutique hotel in New York, New York for all hotel operations of the hotel’s 210 hotel rooms. Lease revenue from this property is recorded in other revenue in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. As a result of the lease agreement, this property is excluded from the Company’s hotel and room counts effective May 2023 and is considered a non-hotel property through the end of the lease term.

See Note 2 titled “Investment in Real Estate” and Note 3 titled “Assets Held for Sale and Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning these transactions.

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Hotel Operations

As of December 31, 2023, the Company owned 225 hotels, including two properties classified as held for sale, with a total of 29,900 rooms as compared to 220 hotels with a total of 28,983 rooms as of December 31, 2022. Results of operations are included only for the period of ownership for hotels acquired or disposed of during all periods presented. During 2023, the Company acquired six hotels and did not dispose of any hotels. During 2022, the Company acquired two hotels and sold one hotel. Results of the hotel operations for the Company’s independent boutique hotel in New York, New York are included only for the period prior to the lease agreement becoming effective in May 2023. See further discussion in Note 2 titled “Investments in Real Estate” and Note 3 titled “Assets Held for Sale and Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As a result, the comparability of results for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, as discussed below, is also impacted by these transactions.

In evaluating financial condition and operating performance, the most important indicators on which the Company focuses are revenue measurements, such as average occupancy, ADR and RevPAR, and expenses, such as hotel operating expenses, general and administrative expenses and other expenses described below. RevPAR and operating results may be impacted by regional and local economies and local regulations as well as changes in lodging demand due to macroeconomic factors including inflationary pressures, higher energy prices or a recessionary environment.

The following is a summary of the results from operations of the Company’s hotels for their respective periods of ownership by the Company.

(1)
See reconciliation of Adjusted Hotel EBITDA to net income in “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below.

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Comparable Hotels Operating Results

The following table reflects certain operating statistics for the Company’s 223 hotels owned and held for use as of December 31, 2023. The Company defines metrics from Comparable Hotels as results generated by the 223 hotels owned and held for use as of the end of the reporting period. For the hotels acquired during the reporting periods shown, the Company has included, as applicable, results of those hotels for periods prior to the Company’s ownership using information provided by the properties’ prior owners at the time of acquisition and not adjusted by the Company. This information has not been audited, either for the periods owned or prior to ownership by the Company. For dispositions and assets held for sale, results have been excluded for the Company’s period of ownership.

Same Store Operating Results

The following table reflects certain operating statistics for the 207 hotels owned and held for use by the Company as of January 1, 2021 and during the entirety of the reporting periods being compared (“Same Store Hotels”). This information has not been audited.

As discussed above, hotel performance is impacted by many factors, including the economic conditions in the U.S. as well as each individual locality. The Company’s Comparable Hotels and Same Store Hotels revenue and operating results improved during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, which is consistent with the overall lodging industry. Hotel occupancy was negatively impacted in many markets by the Omicron variant of COVID-19 during the first quarter of 2022, contributing to an increase of the Company’s Comparable Hotels and Same Store Hotels RevPAR of approximately 7.0% and 6.8%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company’s results were negatively impacted by COVID-19, contributing to an increase of the Company’s Comparable Hotels and Same Store Hotels RevPAR of approximately 30.5% and 29.3%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company expects low-to-mid single digit RevPAR growth and a slight increase in operating results for its Comparable Hotels for 2024 as compared to 2023, which is comparable to broader industry expectations. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company’s hotels in general have shown results that have been consistent with or exceeded industry, brand and chain scale averages.

Results of Operations

A discussion regarding the Company’s results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 is presented below. A discussion regarding the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 can be found under the section titled “Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on February 21, 2023, which is incorporated herein by reference and which is available free of charge on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and in the Investor Information section of the Company’s website at www.applehospitalityreit.com.

Revenues

The Company’s principal source of revenue is hotel revenue consisting of room, food and beverage, and other related revenue. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had total revenue of $1.3 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, Comparable Hotels achieved combined average occupancy of 74.2% and

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72.6%, ADR of $156.55 and $149.62 and RevPAR of $116.23 and $108.67. ADR is calculated as room revenue divided by the number of rooms sold, and RevPAR is calculated as occupancy multiplied by ADR.

Compared to 2022, the Company experienced increases in ADR and occupancy in 2023, resulting in an increase of 7.0% in RevPAR, for Comparable Hotels. Revenue growth in 2023 compared to 2022 was led by continued strength in leisure transient and small group demand, with increased demand from corporate business. Additionally, occupancy during the first quarter of 2022 was negatively impacted in many markets by the Omicron variant of COVID-19. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company’s suburban markets continued to see strong demand with urban markets recovering more meaningfully as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company expects revenue trends to continue, however, future year-over-year revenue growth will likely be at a lower rate given the favorable comparison between 2023 and 2022 due, in large part, to the Omicron variant of COVID-19 negatively impacting the first quarter of 2022. Furthermore, future revenues could be negatively impacted by, among other things, historical seasonal trends, travel-related health concerns, deterioration of consumer sentiment, a recessionary macroeconomic environment or inflationary pressures.

Hotel Operating Expense

Hotel operating expense consists of direct room operating expense, hotel administrative expense, sales and marketing expense, utilities expense, repair and maintenance expense, franchise fees and management fees. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, hotel operating expense totaled $780.7 million and $710.5 million, respectively, or 58.1% and 57.4% of total revenue for each respective year.

The increase in hotel operating expense for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, was due to increased labor, repairs and maintenance and utility costs driven by increased staff and inflationary pressures throughout the overall economy. Occupancy increased for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, in part due to negative impacts from the Omicron variant of COVID-19 throughout most markets during the first quarter of 2022. Adding staff to meet increased demand has been challenging, and the Company’s hotels have often done so at higher wage rates or with more expensive contract labor as compared to 2022. Likewise, broader inflationary pressures throughout the overall economy and global tensions have driven shortages and cost increases for materials and supplies such as food and equipment. The Company continues to work with its management companies to realize operational efficiencies and mitigate the impact of cost pressures resulting from inflation and staffing challenges. The Company will continue to evaluate and work with its management companies to implement adjustments to the hotel operating model in response to continued changes in the operating environment and guest preferences, including evaluating staffing levels at its hotels to maximize efficiency.

Property Taxes, Insurance and Other Expense

Property taxes, insurance and other expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 totaled $79.3 million and $72.9 million, respectively, or 5.9% of total revenue for each respective year. The increase in property taxes, insurance, and other expense was primarily due to increases in insurance premiums and increases in property taxes in certain locations due to the reassessment of property values by localities related to the improved economy, partially offset by decreases at other locations due to successful appeals of tax assessments. The Company will continue to aggressively appeal tax assessments in certain jurisdictions in an attempt to minimize tax increases, as warranted.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $47.4 million and $42.5 million, respectively, or 3.5% and 3.4% of total revenue, respectively. The principal components of general and administrative expense are payroll and related benefit costs, executive incentive compensation, legal fees, accounting fees and reporting expenses. The increase in general and administrative expense in 2023 as compared to 2022 was primarily due to improved performance under the Company’s executive incentive compensation plan which resulted in increased compensation expense as well as increased payroll and related benefit costs.

Loss on Impairment of Depreciable Real Estate Assets

Loss on impairment of depreciable real estate assets was approximately $5.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, consisting of impairment losses at two hotel properties identified by the Company in the fourth quarter of 2023. Loss on impairment of depreciable real estate assets was $26.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, consisting of impairment losses at two hotel properties identified by the Company in the fourth quarter of 2022. See Note 2, titled “Investment in Real Estate” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning these impairment losses.

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Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $183.2 million and $181.7 million, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense primarily represents expense of the Company’s hotel buildings and related improvements, and associated personal property (furniture, fixtures, and equipment) for their respective periods owned. The increase was primarily due to the purchase of six hotels in 2023 and two hotels in the fourth quarter of 2022, as well as renovations completed throughout both 2023 and 2022, partially offset by the sale of one hotel in the third quarter of 2022.

Interest and Other Expense, net

Interest and other expense, net for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $68.9 million and $59.7 million, respectively, and is net of approximately $1.5 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of interest capitalized associated with renovation projects.

Interest expense related to the Company’s debt instruments for the year ended December 31, 2023 increased compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 as a result of higher average borrowings associated with variable-rate debt and higher average interest rates on the Company’s variable-rate debt due to the high inflationary environment within the current economy. See Note 4 titled “Debt” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional discussion of the Company’s amended unsecured credit facilities. The Company anticipates interest expense will increase in 2024 as a result of higher average market interest rates over the next twelve months on the Company’s variable-rate debt as interest rates are expected to plateau and then start to decrease at a slower rate compared to how quickly they increased throughout 2023. In addition, the proportion of fixed-rate debt will decrease in 2024, as the Company has six interest rate swaps that mature in 2024, resulting in a decrease in the amount of variable-rate debt that is fixed by interest rate swaps, or if the interest rate swaps are replaced with new agreements, they are expected to be at higher rates.

Income tax expense

Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $1.1 million and $1.9 million, respectively. The decrease is primarily due to state income taxes that were higher than normal in several states in 2022 as a result of temporary limitations placed on the application of prior net operating losses.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The Company considers the following non-GAAP financial measures useful to investors as key supplemental measures of its operating performance: Funds from Operations (“FFO”), Modified Funds from Operations (“MFFO”), Earnings Before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”), Earnings Before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization for Real Estate (“EBITDAre”), Adjusted EBITDAre (“Adjusted EBITDAre”) and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered along with, but not as alternatives to, net income (loss), cash flow from operations or any other operating GAAP measure. FFO, MFFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA are not necessarily indicative of funds available to fund the Company’s cash needs, including its ability to make cash distributions. Although FFO, MFFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA, as calculated by the Company, may not be comparable to FFO, MFFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA, as reported by other companies that do not define such terms exactly as the Company defines such terms, the Company believes these supplemental measures are useful to investors when comparing the Company’s results between periods and with other REITs.

FFO and MFFO

The Company calculates and presents FFO in accordance with standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“Nareit”), which defines FFO as net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets (including gains and losses from change in control), extraordinary items as defined by GAAP, and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, plus real estate related depreciation, amortization and impairments, and adjustments for unconsolidated affiliates. Historical cost accounting for real estate assets implicitly assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. Since real estate values instead have historically risen or fallen with market conditions, most real estate industry investors consider FFO to be helpful in evaluating a real estate company’s operations. The Company further believes that by excluding the effects of these items, FFO is useful to investors in comparing its operating performance between periods and between REITs that report FFO using the Nareit definition. FFO as presented by the Company is applicable only to its common shareholders, but does not represent an amount that accrues directly to common shareholders.

The Company calculates MFFO by further adjusting FFO for the exclusion of amortization of finance ground lease assets, amortization of favorable and unfavorable operating leases, net and non-cash straight-line operating ground lease expense, as these expenses do not reflect the underlying performance of the related hotels. The Company presents MFFO when evaluating its performance because it believes that it provides further useful supplemental information to investors regarding its ongoing operating performance.

The following table reconciles the Company’s GAAP net income to FFO and MFFO for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands).

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EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA

EBITDA is a commonly used measure of performance in many industries and is defined as net income (loss) excluding interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. The Company believes EBITDA is useful to investors because it helps the Company and its investors evaluate the ongoing operating performance of the Company by removing the impact of its capital structure (primarily interest expense) and its asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization). In addition, certain covenants included in the agreements governing the Company’s indebtedness use EBITDA, as defined in the specific credit agreement, as a measure of financial compliance.

In addition to EBITDA, the Company also calculates and presents EBITDAre in accordance with standards established by Nareit, which defines EBITDAre as EBITDA, excluding gains and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets (including gains and losses from change in control), plus real estate related impairments, and adjustments to reflect the entity’s share of EBITDAre of unconsolidated affiliates. The Company presents EBITDAre because it believes that it provides further useful information to investors in comparing its operating performance between periods and between REITs that report EBITDAre using the Nareit definition.

The Company also considers the exclusion of non-cash straight-line operating ground lease expense from EBITDAre useful, as this expense does not reflect the underlying performance of the related hotels (Adjusted EBITDAre).

The Company further excludes actual corporate-level general and administrative expense for the Company as well as Adjusted EBITDAre from its non-hotel property from Adjusted EBITDAre (Adjusted Hotel EBITDA) to isolate property-level operational performance over which the Company’s hotel operators have direct control. The Company believes Adjusted Hotel EBITDA provides useful supplemental information to investors regarding operating performance and it is used by management to measure the performance of the Company’s hotels and effectiveness of the operators of the hotels.

The following table reconciles the Company’s GAAP net income to EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands).

(1)
Non-hotel property only includes the results of one hotel in New York, New York that is leased to a third-party hotel operator. This property’s Adjusted EBITDAre results are not included in Adjusted Hotel EBITDA starting in the second half of 2023.

Hotels Owned

As of December 31, 2023, the Company owned 225 hotels with an aggregate of 29,900 rooms located in 38 states, including two hotels with a total of 248 rooms classified as held for sale, which were both sold to an unrelated party in February 2024. See “Management and Franchise Agreements” in Part I, Item 1, Business, appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a table summarizing the number of hotels and rooms by brand. Refer to Part I, Item 2, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for tables summarizing the number of hotels and rooms by state, and summarizing the location, brand, manager, date acquired or completed and number of rooms for each of the 225 hotels the Company owned as of December 31, 2023.

Related Parties

The Company has engaged in, and is expected to continue to engage in, transactions with related parties. These transactions cannot be construed to be at arm’s length, and the results of the Company’s operations may have been different if these transactions

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were conducted with non-related parties. See Note 6, titled “Related Parties” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning the Company’s related party transactions.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Capital Resources

The Company’s principal short-term sources of liquidity are the operating cash flows generated from the Company’s properties and availability under its Revolving Credit Facility. Over the long term, the Company may receive proceeds from strategic additional secured and unsecured debt financing, dispositions of its hotel properties and offerings of the Company’s common shares, including pursuant to the ATM Program. Macroeconomic pressures, including inflation, increases in interest rates and general market uncertainty, could impact the Company’s ability to raise debt or equity capital to fund long-term liquidity requirements in a cost-effective manner.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had approximately $1.4 billion of total outstanding debt consisting of $283.0 million of mortgage debt and $1.1 billion outstanding under its credit facilities, excluding unamortized debt issuance costs and fair value adjustments. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had available corporate cash on hand of approximately $10.3 million, and unused borrowing capacity under its Revolving Credit Facility of approximately $650 million.

The credit agreements governing the unsecured credit facilities contain mandatory prepayment requirements, customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The credit agreements require that the Company comply with various covenants, which include, among others, a minimum tangible net worth, maximum debt limits, minimum interest and fixed charge coverage ratios, and restrictions on certain investments. The Company was in compliance with the applicable covenants as of December 31, 2023.

On July 19, 2023, the Company entered into an amendment of its unsecured $225 million term loan facility, which extended the maturity date of the existing $50 million term loan by two years to August 2, 2025.

See Note 4 titled “Debt” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a description of the Company’s debt instruments as of December 31, 2023 and a summary of the financial and restrictive covenants as defined in the credit agreements.

The Company has a universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-262915) that was automatically effective upon filing on February 23, 2022. The Company may offer an indeterminate number or amount, as the case may be, of (1) common shares, no par value per share; (2) preferred shares, no par value per share; (3) depository shares representing the Company’s preferred shares; (4) warrants exercisable for the Company’s common shares, preferred shares or depository shares representing preferred shares; (5) rights to purchase common shares; and (6) unsecured senior or subordinate debt securities, all of which may be issued from time to time on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act.

On August 12, 2020, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement pursuant to which the Company may sell, from time to time, up to an aggregate of $300 million of its common shares under the ATM Program under the Company’s prior shelf registration statement and the current shelf registration statement described above. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company sold approximately 12.8 million shares under its ATM Program at a weighted-average market sales price of approximately $17.05 per common share and received aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $218.6 million and proceeds net of offering costs, which included $2.6 million of commissions, of approximately $216.0 million. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of these shares to pay down borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, acquisitions of hotel properties and for general corporate purposes. No shares were sold under the Company’s ATM Program during the year ended December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2023, approximately $5.3 million remained available for issuance under the ATM Program. The Company plans to use future net proceeds from the sale of shares under the ATM Program, or under a similar successor program, for general corporate purposes which may include, among other things, acquisitions of hotel properties, the repayment of outstanding indebtedness, capital expenditures, improvement of properties in its portfolio and working capital. The Company may also use the net proceeds to acquire another REIT or other company that invests in income producing properties. Future offerings will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by the Company, including market conditions, the trading price of the Company’s common shares and opportunities for uses of any proceeds.

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As discussed in Note 3, titled “Assets Held for Sale and Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as of December 31, 2023, the Company had an outstanding contract to sell two of its hotels, which were both sold to an unrelated party for a combined gross sales price of approximately $33.5 million in February 2024. The net proceeds from the sale of both hotels were used for general corporate purposes.

Capital Uses

The Company anticipates that cash flow from operations, availability under its Revolving Credit Facility, additional borrowings, and proceeds from hotel dispositions and equity offerings will be adequate to meet its anticipated liquidity requirements, including required distributions to shareholders, share repurchases, capital improvements, debt service, hotel acquisitions, lease commitments, and cash management activities.

Distributions

The Company generally must distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, subject to certain adjustments and excluding any net capital gain, in order to maintain its REIT status. Subsequent to the distribution paid in March 2020, the Company announced the suspension of its monthly distributions due to the impact of COVID-19 on its operating cash flows. Beginning in March 2021, the Board of Directors declared distributions of $0.01 per common share per quarter or to the extent required to maintain REIT status. In February 2022, the Board of Directors of the Company reinstated its policy of distributions on a monthly basis and declared a monthly cash distribution of $0.05 per common share with the first monthly distribution paid in March 2022. In August and October 2022, the Board of Directors approved subsequent increases to the monthly cash distribution to $0.07 and $0.08 per common share, respectively. In addition to the regular monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share approved by the Board of Directors in December 2022, the Board of Directors approved a special cash distribution of $0.08 per common share for a combined distribution of $0.16 per common share, paid in January 2023, to shareholders of record as of December 30, 2022. The Company continued a monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share in 2023. In December 2023, in addition to the regular monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share, the Board of Directors approved a special cash distribution of $0.05 per common share for a combined distribution of $0.13 per common share, paid in January 2024, to shareholders of record as of December 29, 2023. Distributions paid for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $1.04, $0.61 and $0.03 per common share, respectively, for a total of approximately $238.3 million, $139.5 million and $6.8 million, respectively.

The Company's current annual distribution rate, payable monthly, is $0.96 per common share. As it has done historically, due to seasonality, the Company may use its Revolving Credit Facility to maintain the consistency of the monthly distribution rate, taking into consideration any acquisitions, dispositions, capital improvements and economic cycles. While management currently expects monthly cash distributions to continue at $0.08 per common share, any distribution will be subject to approval of the Company’s Board of Directors and there can be no assurance of the classification, timing or duration of distributions at any particular distribution rate. The Board of Directors monitors the Company’s distribution rate relative to the performance of its hotels on an ongoing basis and may make adjustments to the distribution rate as determined to be prudent in relation to other cash requirements of the Company or to the extent required to maintain REIT status. If cash flows from operations and the Revolving Credit Facility are not adequate to meet liquidity requirements, the Company may utilize additional financing sources to make distributions. Although the Company has relatively low levels of debt, there can be no assurance it will be successful with this strategy, and it may need to reduce its distributions to minimum levels required to maintain its qualification as a real estate investment trust. If the Company were unable to extend its maturing debt in future periods or if it were to default on its debt, it may be unable to make distributions.

Share Repurchases

In May 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a one-year extension of its existing Share Repurchase Program, authorizing share repurchases up to an aggregate of $338.7 million. The Share Repurchase Program may be suspended or terminated at any time by the Company and will end in July 2024 if not terminated or extended earlier. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company purchased approximately 0.5 million of its common shares under its Share Repurchase Program at a weighted-average market purchase price of approximately $14.34 per common share for an aggregate purchase price, including commissions, of approximately $6.9 million. Repurchases under the Share Repurchase Program have been funded, and the Company intends to fund future repurchases, with cash on hand or availability under its unsecured credit facilities, subject to applicable restrictions under the Company’s unsecured credit facilities (if any). The timing of share repurchases and the number of common shares to be repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program will also depend upon prevailing market conditions, regulatory requirements and other factors. As of December 31, 2023, approximately $335.4 million remained available for purchase under the Share Repurchase Program.

Capital Improvements

Management routinely monitors the condition and operations of its hotels and plans renovations and other improvements as it deems prudent. The Company is committed to maintaining and enhancing each property’s competitive position in its market. The

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Company has invested in and plans to continue to reinvest in its hotels. Under certain loan and management agreements, the Company is required to place in escrow funds for the repair, replacement and refurbishing of furniture, fixtures, and equipment, based on a percentage of gross revenues, provided that such amount may be used for the Company’s capital expenditures with respect to the hotels. As of December 31, 2023, the Company held approximately $30.4 million in reserves related to these properties. During 2023, the Company invested approximately $76.8 million in capital expenditures. The Company anticipates spending approximately $75 million to $85 million during 2024, which includes various comprehensive renovation projects for approximately 20 properties, however, inflationary pressures or supply chain shortages, among other issues, may result in increased costs or delays for anticipated projects. The Company does not currently have any existing or planned projects for new property development.

Upcoming Debt Maturities and Debt Service Payments

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had approximately $175.2 million of principal and interest payments due on its debt over the next 12 months. Included in this total is an $85.0 million term loan and a mortgage loan of approximately $20.3 million, both maturing in the third quarter of 2024. The Company plans to pay outstanding amounts and service payments due upon the upcoming debt maturity dates using funds from operations, borrowings under its Revolving Credit Facility and/or proceeds from new financing, refinancing or loan extensions. Interest expense related to the Company’s unsecured credit facilities is expected to be higher in 2024 than it was during 2023 as a result of increases in market interest rates on its variable-rate debt and increased borrowings on its Revolving Credit Facility. See Note 4 titled “Debt” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for more detail regarding future maturities of the Company’s debt instruments as of December 31, 2023.

Hotel Purchase Contract Commitments

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had separate outstanding contracts for the potential purchase of two hotels, consisting of one hotel in Madison, Wisconsin and one hotel in Nashville, Tennessee, for a total combined purchase price of approximately $177.5 million. Both hotels are under development, with the hotel in Madison, Wisconsin currently planned to be completed and opened for business in mid-2024 and the Nashville, Tennessee hotel currently planned to be completed and opened for business in late 2025, at which respective times the Company expects to complete the purchases of these hotels. Although the Company is working towards acquiring these hotels, in each case there are a number of conditions to closing that have not yet been satisfied, and there can be no assurance that closings on these hotels will occur under the outstanding purchase contracts. If the sellers meet all of the conditions to closing, the Company is obligated to specifically perform under the applicable purchase contracts and acquire these hotels. If the closings occur, the Company plans to utilize its available cash or borrowings under its unsecured credit facilities available at closing to purchase the properties under contract.

Lease Commitments

The Company is the lessee on certain ground leases, hotel equipment leases and office space leases. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had 14 hotels subject to ground leases and three parking lot ground leases with remaining terms ranging from approximately 15 to 95 years, excluding renewal options. Certain of its ground leases have options to extend beyond the initial lease term by periods ranging from five to 120 years. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had total remaining minimum lease payments of $283.4 million, including $7.3 million due in the next year. Refer to Note 10, titled “Lease Commitments” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details.

Cash Management Activities

As part of the cost sharing arrangements discussed in Note 6, titled “Related Parties” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, certain day-to-day transactions may result in amounts due to or from the Company and ARG. To efficiently manage cash disbursements, the Company or ARG may make payments for the other company. Under the cash management process, each company may advance or defer up to $1 million at any time. Each quarter, any outstanding amounts are settled between the companies. This process allows each company to minimize its cash on hand and reduces the cost for each company. The amounts outstanding at any point in time are not significant to either of the companies.

Management and Franchise Agreements

Each of the Company’s 225 hotels owned as of December 31, 2023 is operated and managed under separate management agreements with 16 hotel management companies, none of which are affiliated with the Company. Thirteen of the Company’s hotels are managed by affiliates of Marriott. The remainder of the Company’s hotels are managed by companies that are not affiliated with either Marriott, Hilton or Hyatt, and, as a result, the branded hotels they manage were required to obtain separate franchise agreements with each respective franchisor. See Note 9, titled “Management and Franchise Agreements” of the Consolidated Financial Statements

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and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information pertaining to the management and franchise agreements, including a listing of the Company’s hotel management companies.

Impact of Inflation

The Company relies on the performance of its hotels and the ability of its hotel operators to increase revenue to keep pace with inflation. Hotel operators, in general, possess the ability to adjust room rates daily to reflect the effects of inflation on the Company's operating expenses. However, competitive pressures could limit the operators’ ability to raise room rates and, as a result, the Company may not be able to offset increased operating expenses with increases in revenue.

Business Interruption

Being in the real estate industry, the Company is exposed to natural disasters on both a local and national scale. Although management believes the Company has adequate insurance to cover this exposure, there can be no assurance that such events will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Seasonality

The hotel industry historically has been seasonal in nature. Seasonal variations in occupancy at the Company’s hotels may cause quarterly fluctuations in its revenues. Generally, occupancy rates and hotel revenues for the Company’s hotels are greater in the second and third quarters than in the first and fourth quarters. However, due to the effects of COVID-19, these typical seasonal patterns were disrupted until 2023. In the first quarter of 2022, the Company experienced lower than expected operating results due to the Omicron variant of COVID-19 along with the typical seasonal decrease associated with the first quarter. Since that time, the seasonal variability has recovered to its pre-COVID-19 trend. To the extent that cash flow from operations is insufficient during any quarter due to temporary or seasonal fluctuations in revenue, the Company expects to utilize cash on hand or available financing sources to meet cash requirements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The following contains a discussion of what the Company believes to be its critical accounting policies and estimates. These items should be read to gain a further understanding of the principles and estimates used to prepare the Company’s financial statements. These principles and estimates include application of judgment; therefore, changes in judgments may have a material impact on the Company’s reported results of operations and financial condition.

Investment Policy

Upon acquisition of real estate properties, the Company estimates the fair value of acquired tangible assets (consisting of land, buildings and improvements, and furniture, fixtures and equipment) and identified intangible assets and liabilities, including in-place leases, and assumed debt based on the evaluation of information and estimates available at that date. Fair values for these assets are not directly observable and estimates are based on comparables and other information which is subjective in nature, including comparable land sales as well as industry and Company data regarding building and furniture, fixture and equipment costs, including adjustments for estimated depreciation based on the age of the property acquired and time since its most recent renovation. The Company has not assigned any value to management contracts and franchise agreements as such contracts are generally at current market rates based on the remaining terms of the contracts and any other value attributable to these contracts is not considered material. Acquisitions of hotel properties are generally accounted for as acquisitions of a group of assets, with costs incurred to effect an acquisition, including title, legal, accounting, brokerage commissions and other related costs, being capitalized as part of the cost of the assets acquired, instead of accounted for separately as expenses in the period that they are incurred. The underlying assumptions are subject to uncertainty and thus any changes to the allocation of fair value to each of the various line items within the Company’s consolidated balance sheets could have an impact on the Company’s financial condition as well as results of operations due to resulting changes in depreciation and amortization as a result of the fair value allocation. The acquisitions of real estate subject to this estimate totaled seven properties, including six hotels and one free-standing parking garage, for a combined purchase price of approximately $289.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and two properties for a combined purchase price of $85.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Capitalization Policy

The Company considers expenditures to be capital in nature based on the following criteria: (1) for a single asset, the cost must be at least $500, including all normal and necessary costs to place the asset in service, and the useful life must be at least one year; (2) for group purchases of 10 or more identical assets, the unit cost for each asset must be at least $50, including all normal and necessary costs to place the asset in service, and the useful life must be at least one year; and (3) for major repairs to a single asset, the repair must be at least $2,500 and the useful life of the asset must be substantially extended.

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Impairment Losses Policy

The Company records impairment losses on hotel properties used in operations if indicators of impairment are present, and the sum of the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by the respective properties over their estimated remaining useful life, based on historical and industry data, is less than the properties’ carrying amount. Indicators of impairment include a property with current or potential losses from operations, when it becomes more likely than not that a property will be sold before the end of its previously estimated useful life or when events, trends, contingencies or changes in circumstances indicate that a triggering event has occurred and an asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company monitors its properties on an ongoing basis by analytically reviewing financial performance and considers each property individually for purposes of reviewing for indicators of impairment. As many indicators of impairment are subjective, such as general economic and market declines, the Company also prepares an annual recoverability analysis for each of its properties to assist with its evaluation of impairment indicators. The Company performs an annual recoverability analysis by comparing each property’s net book value to its estimated operating income based on assumptions and estimates about the property’s future revenues, expenses and capital expenditures after recovery from disruption resulting from COVID-19 and other disruptive events such as renovations or newly opened hotels in the same market. The Company’s planned initial hold period for each property is generally 39 years. If events or circumstances change, such as the Company’s intended hold period for a property or if the operating performance of a property declines substantially for an extended period of time, the Company’s carrying value for a particular property may not be recoverable, and an impairment loss will be recorded. Impairment losses are measured as the difference between the asset’s fair value and its carrying value. The Company’s ongoing analyses and annual recoverability analyses have identified impairment losses on two properties recorded in 2023, two properties recorded in 2022 and five properties recorded in 2021 totaling approximately $5.6 million, $26.2 million and $10.8 million, respectively, as discussed in Note 2, titled “Investment in Real Estate” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

New Accounting Standards

See Note 1, titled “Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for information on the anticipated adoption of recently issued accounting standards.

Subsequent Events

On January 16, 2024, the Company paid approximately $31.4 million, or $0.13 per common share, in distributions to shareholders of record as of December 29, 2023.

On January 19, 2024, the Company declared a monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share. The distribution of approximately $19.3 million was paid on February 15, 2024, to shareholders of record as of January 31, 2024.

On February 9, 2024, the Company completed the sale of two existing hotels in Rogers, Arkansas, including a 122-room Hampton and a 126-room Homewood Suites, for a combined gross sales price of approximately $33.5 million. A portion of the proceeds from the sale of the two hotels will be used to complete a like-kind exchange in accordance with Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, with future acquisitions, which is expected to result in the deferral of taxable gains of approximately $15 million.

On February 16, 2024, the Company declared a monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share. The distribution is payable on March 15, 2024, to shareholders of record as of February 29, 2024.

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with Item 8, the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto, the introduction of Part I regarding “Forward-Looking Statements,” and Item 1A, “Risk Factors” appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview

The Company is a Virginia corporation that has elected to be treated as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. The Company is self-advised and invests in income-producing real estate, primarily in the lodging sector, in the U.S. As of December 31, 2022, the Company owned 220 hotels with an aggregate of 28,983 rooms located in urban, high-end suburban and developing markets throughout 37 states. Substantially all of the Company’s hotels operate under Marriott or Hilton brands. The hotels are operated and managed under separate management agreements with 17 hotel management companies, none of which are affiliated with the Company. The Company’s common shares are listed on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “APLE.”

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Company and the Hospitality Industry

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the U.S. and global economies and financial markets. The effect of COVID-19 on the hotel industry has been unprecedented and has dramatically reduced business and impacted leisure travel, which adversely impacted the Company’s business, financial performance, operating results and cash flows, beginning in March 2020.

From the outset of the pandemic, the Company, with the support of its management companies and brands, has taken steps to minimize costs and cash outflow to operate efficiently and maximize performance in light of the impacts to business resulting from COVID-19. These activities included implementing cost elimination and efficiency initiatives at each of its hotels by adjusting operations to manage total labor costs, reducing or eliminating certain amenities and reducing rates under various service contracts; enhancing sales efforts by strategically targeting available demand; reducing capital improvement projects, particularly in 2020 and 2021; and entering into various amendments to its unsecured credit facilities to provide for the temporary waiver of financial covenant testing for the majority of its financial maintenance covenants (the Company exited this waiver period early in July 2021 due to improved financial performance). Cost reduction initiatives, including those discussed above have not, and are not expected to, materially offset revenue losses from COVID-19.

While operations in 2022 returned to 2019 pre-pandemic levels in many markets, some markets, while showing continued improvement, may take time to recover to 2019 pre-pandemic levels. The Company experienced significant improvement in its business during 2021 and 2022 driven primarily by increased strength in leisure, small group and local negotiated business demand. While the Company has seen continued improvement in overall business demand, it anticipates that some larger corporate demand drivers may take longer to fully recover.

Recent Hotel Portfolio Activities

The Company continually monitors market conditions and attempts to maximize shareholder value by investing in properties that it believes provide superior value over the long term. Consistent with this strategy and the Company’s focus on investing in rooms-focused hotels, in 2022, the Company acquired two existing hotels for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $85.0 million: a 156-room AC Hotel in Louisville, Kentucky and a 134-room AC Hotel in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Company utilized its available cash on hand and a $50 million draw on its $575 million term loan facility to fund the acquisitions and plans to utilize its available cash or borrowings under its unsecured credit facilities for any additional acquisitions.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had an outstanding contract for the potential purchase of a hotel under development in Madison, Wisconsin for a purchase price of $78.6 million, which is expected to be completed as a 260-room Embassy Suites and opened for business in early 2024, at which time the Company expects to complete the purchase of this hotel. Although the Company is working towards acquiring this hotel, there are a number of conditions to closing that have not yet been satisfied and there can be no assurance that closing on this hotel will occur under the outstanding purchase contract.

For its existing portfolio, the Company monitors each property’s profitability, market conditions and capital requirements and attempts to maximize shareholder value by disposing of properties when it believes that superior value can be provided from the sale of the property. As a result, in 2022, the Company sold one hotel for a gross sales price of approximately $8.5 million and recognized a net gain on sale of approximately $1.8 million. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale for general corporate purposes.

See Note 2 titled “Investment in Real Estate” and Note 3 titled “Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning these transactions.

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Hotel Operations

As of December 31, 2022, the Company owned 220 hotels with a total of 28,983 rooms as compared to 219 hotels with a total of 28,747 rooms as of December 31, 2021. Results of operations are included only for the period of ownership for hotels acquired or disposed of during all periods presented. During 2022, the Company acquired two hotels and sold one hotel. During 2021, the Company acquired eight hotels and sold 23 hotels. See further discussion in Note 2 titled “Investments in Real Estate” and Note 3 titled “Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As a result, in addition to the impacts of COVID-19, the comparability of results for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, as discussed below, is also impacted by these transactions.

In evaluating financial condition and operating performance, the most important indicators on which the Company focuses are revenue measurements, such as average occupancy, ADR and RevPAR, and expenses, such as hotel operating expenses, general and administrative expenses and other expenses described below. RevPAR and operating results may be impacted by regional and local economies and local regulations as well as changes in lodging demand due to macroeconomic factors including inflationary pressures, higher energy prices or a recessionary environment.

The following is a summary of the results from operations of the Company’s hotels for their respective periods of ownership by the Company. Comparisons to 2019 are included to provide a better understanding of the Company’s recovery from the impact of COVID-19 on hotel operations.

(1)
See reconciliation of Adjusted Hotel EBITDA to net income (loss) in "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below.

The following table highlights the Company’s full year ADR, Occupancy, RevPAR, net income (loss) and adjusted hotel earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization for real estate (“Adjusted Hotel EBITDA”) for the last four years. As COVID-19 has affected results since 2020, 2019 results are included to provide a better understanding of the Company’s recovery from the impact of COVID-19 on hotel operations (in thousands except statistical data).

(1)
See reconciliation of Adjusted Hotel EBITDA to net income (loss) in "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below.

While the Company experienced its most significant decline in operating results (driven by the impact of COVID-19) during 2020 through early 2021, occupancy and RevPAR have since shown improvement with a RevPAR increase of 32.2% for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to the same period in 2021. Although the Company expects continued recovery in rate and occupancy, it is difficult to project the pace at which the Company will experience a full recovery to pre-pandemic levels and future

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revenues and operating results could be negatively impacted by, among other things, historical seasonal trends, an increase in COVID-19 cases, new COVID-19 variants, state and local governments and businesses reverting to tighter COVID-19 mitigation restrictions, deterioration of consumer sentiment, labor shortages, supply chain disruptions, a recessionary macroeconomic environment or inflationary pressures.

Comparable Hotels Operating Results

The following table reflects certain operating statistics for the Company’s 220 hotels owned as of December 31, 2022. The Company defines metrics from Comparable Hotels as results generated by the 220 hotels owned as of the end of the reporting period. For the hotels acquired during the reporting periods shown, the Company has included, as applicable, results of those hotels for periods prior to the Company’s ownership using information provided by the properties’ prior owners at the time of acquisition and not adjusted by the Company. This information has not been audited, either for the periods owned or prior to ownership by the Company. For dispositions, results have been excluded for the Company’s period of ownership. Comparisons to 2019 operating results are included to provide a better understanding of the Company’s recovery from the impact of COVID-19 on hotel operations.

Same Store Operating Results

The following table reflects certain operating statistics for the 204 hotels owned by the Company as of January 1, 2019 and during the entirety of the reporting periods being compared (“Same Store Hotels”). Comparisons to 2019 operating results are included to provide a better understanding of the Company’s recovery from the impact of COVID-19 on hotel operations. This information has not been audited.

As discussed above, hotel performance is impacted by many factors, including the economic conditions in the U.S. as well as each individual locality. COVID-19 has been negatively affecting the U.S. hotel industry since March 2020. The Company’s Same Store Hotels revenue and operating results improved during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021, which is consistent with the overall lodging industry. The Company's Same Store Hotels RevPAR was down approximately 0.9% for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 (the last year prior to the COVID-19 pandemic). Though the Company anticipates further improvement to RevPAR in 2023, the Company can give no assurances as to the amount or period of improvement due to uncertainties resulting from, among other things, the impact of COVID-19, a recessionary macroeconomic environment or inflationary pressures.

Results of Operations

A discussion regarding the Company’s results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 is presented below. A discussion regarding the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 can be found under the section titled “Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on February 22, 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference and which is available free of charge on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and in the Investor Information section of the Company’s website at www.applehospitalityreit.com.

Revenues

The Company’s principal source of revenue is hotel revenue consisting of room, food and beverage, and other related revenue. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had total revenue of $1.2 billion and $933.9 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, Comparable Hotels achieved combined average occupancy of 72.6% and

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66.1%, ADR of $149.56 and $125.52 and RevPAR of $108.60 and $82.99. ADR is calculated as room revenue divided by the number of rooms sold, and RevPAR is calculated as occupancy multiplied by ADR.

Compared to 2021, the Company experienced increases in ADR and occupancy in 2022, resulting in an increase of 30.9% in RevPAR, for Comparable Hotels. As compared to 2019 (pre-COVID-19), Comparable Hotels RevPAR for 2022 decreased by 0.3% as a result of a 5.8% reduction in occupancy, offset by a 5.9% increase in ADR. Revenue recovery in 2022 compared to 2021 was led by leisure transient and small group demand, with increased demand from corporate business. Suburban markets continued to see stronger demand than urban markets and the Sun Belt generally outperformed other regions of the U.S. throughout the hospitality industry. The Company expects improvement to continue, however, future revenues could be negatively impacted by, among other things, historical seasonal trends, an increase in COVID-19 cases, new COVID-19 variants, state and local governments and businesses reverting to tighter COVID-19 mitigation restrictions, deterioration of consumer sentiment, labor shortages, supply chain disruptions, a recessionary macroeconomic environment or inflationary pressures.

Hotel Operating Expense

Hotel operating expense consists of direct room operating expense, hotel administrative expense, sales and marketing expense, utilities expense, repair and maintenance expense, franchise fees and management fees. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, hotel operating expense totaled $710.5 million and $542.2 million, respectively, or 57.4% and 58.1% of total revenue for each respective year. Comparatively, prior to COVID-19, hotel operating expense was 57.2% of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The impact of the pandemic has varied and will continue to vary by market and hotel. With the support of its brands and third-party management companies, the Company worked to reduce costs associated with operating hotels in a lower occupancy environment than that experienced prior to COVID-19. As occupancy has increased, adding staff to meet increased demand has been challenging, and while the Company’s hotels made progress in filling open positions in 2022, they have often done so at higher wage rates or with more expensive contract labor as compared to 2021 and 2019. Likewise, supply chain disruptions, broader inflationary pressures throughout the overall economy and global tensions have driven shortages and cost increases for materials and supplies such as food and equipment. The Company continues to work with its management companies to realize operational efficiencies and mitigate the impact of cost pressures resulting from supply chain shortages, inflation and staffing challenges. The Company will continue to evaluate and work with its management companies to implement adjustments to the hotel operating model in response to continued changes in the operating environment and guest preferences, including evaluating staffing levels at its hotels to maximize efficiency.

Property Taxes, Insurance and Other Expense

Property taxes, insurance and other expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 totaled $72.9 million and $72.0 million, respectively, or 5.9% and 7.7% of total revenue for each respective year. Property taxes in certain locations increased due to the reassessment of property values by localities related to the improved economy but were partially offset by decreases at other locations due to successful appeals of tax assessments. Although the Company will continue to aggressively appeal tax assessments in certain jurisdictions in an attempt to minimize tax increases, as warranted, it does not currently anticipate significant decreases in property taxes in 2023 as compared to 2022.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $42.5 million and $41.0 million, respectively, or 3.4% and 4.4% of total revenue for each respective year. The principal components of general and administrative expense are payroll and related benefit costs, executive incentive compensation, legal fees, accounting fees and reporting expenses. The increase in general and administrative expense in 2022 as compared to 2021 was primarily due to increased salaries and payroll taxes in 2022 compared to 2021.

Loss on Impairment of Depreciable Real Estate Assets

Loss on impairment of depreciable real estate assets was $26.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, consisting of impairment losses at two hotel properties identified by the Company in the fourth quarter of 2022. Loss on impairment of depreciable real estate assets was $10.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, consisting of impairment losses at five hotel properties identified by the Company in the first quarter of 2021 for potential sale. See Note 3, titled “Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning these impairment losses.

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Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $181.7 million and $184.5 million, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense primarily represents expense of the Company’s hotel buildings and related improvements, and associated personal property (furniture, fixtures, and equipment) for their respective periods owned. The decrease was primarily due to the sale of one hotel in 2022 and 23 hotels in 2021, partially offset by the acquisition of two hotels in 2022 and eight hotels in 2021 and renovations completed throughout 2022 and 2021. Additionally, depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 includes approximately $3.0 million and $5.2 million, respectively, of expense associated with amortization of the Company’s finance ground leases.

Interest and Other Expense, net

Interest and other expense, net for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $59.7 million and $67.7 million, respectively, and is net of approximately $1.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively, of interest capitalized associated with renovation projects. Additionally, interest and other expense, net for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 includes approximately $5.9 million and $9.4 million, respectively, of interest recorded on the Company’s finance lease liabilities. The decrease of approximately $3.5 million in finance lease interest is due to the August 16, 2021 purchase of the fee interest in the land at the Company’s Seattle, Washington Residence Inn that was previously under a ground lease.

Interest expense related to the Company’s debt instruments decreased as a result of lower average borrowings due to the repayment of loans maturing in 2022 and slightly lower average interest rates as the Company paid higher rates due to its covenant waiver status during the first half of 2021. See Note 4 titled “Debt” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional discussion of the Company’s amended unsecured credit facilities. Interest expense is expected to increase in 2023 as a result of increases in market interest rates on the Company’s variable-rate debt.

Income tax expense

Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $1.9 million and $0.5 million, respectively. The increase was primarily due to increases in state income taxes as a result of significant improvement in operating results in 2022 as well as limitations placed by certain states on the application of prior net operating losses.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The Company considers the following non-GAAP financial measures useful to investors as key supplemental measures of its operating performance: Funds from Operations (“FFO”), Modified Funds from Operations (“MFFO”), Earnings Before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”), Earnings Before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization for Real Estate (“EBITDAre”), Adjusted EBITDAre (“Adjusted EBITDAre”) and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered along with, but not as alternatives to, net income (loss), cash flow from operations or any other operating GAAP measure. FFO, MFFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA are not necessarily indicative of funds available to fund the Company’s cash needs, including its ability to make cash distributions. Although FFO, MFFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA, as calculated by the Company, may not be comparable to FFO, MFFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA, as reported by other companies that do not define such terms exactly as the Company defines such terms, the Company believes these supplemental measures are useful to investors when comparing the Company’s results between periods and with other REITs.

FFO and MFFO

The Company calculates and presents FFO in accordance with standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“Nareit”), which defines FFO as net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets (including gains and losses from change in control), extraordinary items as defined by GAAP, and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, plus real estate related depreciation, amortization and impairments, and adjustments for unconsolidated affiliates. Historical cost accounting for real estate assets implicitly assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. Since real estate values instead have historically risen or fallen with market conditions, most real estate industry investors consider FFO to be helpful in evaluating a real estate company’s operations. The Company further believes that by excluding the effects of these items, FFO is useful to investors in comparing its operating performance between periods and between REITs that report FFO using the Nareit definition. FFO as presented by the Company is applicable only to its common shareholders, but does not represent an amount that accrues directly to common shareholders.

The Company calculates MFFO by further adjusting FFO for the exclusion of amortization of finance ground lease assets, amortization of favorable and unfavorable operating leases, net and non-cash straight-line operating ground lease expense, as these expenses do not reflect the underlying performance of the related hotels. The Company presents MFFO when evaluating its performance because it believes that it provides further useful supplemental information to investors regarding its ongoing operating performance.

The following table reconciles the Company’s GAAP net income (loss) to FFO and MFFO for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands).

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EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA

EBITDA is a commonly used measure of performance in many industries and is defined as net income (loss) excluding interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. The Company believes EBITDA is useful to investors because it helps the Company and its investors evaluate the ongoing operating performance of the Company by removing the impact of its capital structure (primarily interest expense) and its asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization). In addition, certain covenants included in the agreements governing the Company’s indebtedness use EBITDA, as defined in the specific credit agreement, as a measure of financial compliance.

In addition to EBITDA, the Company also calculates and presents EBITDAre in accordance with standards established by Nareit, which defines EBITDAre as EBITDA, excluding gains and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets (including gains and losses from change in control), plus real estate related impairments, and adjustments to reflect the entity’s share of EBITDAre of unconsolidated affiliates. The Company presents EBITDAre because it believes that it provides further useful information to investors in comparing its operating performance between periods and between REITs that report EBITDAre using the Nareit definition.

The Company also considers the exclusion of non-cash straight-line operating ground lease expense from EBITDAre useful, as this expense does not reflect the underlying performance of the related hotels (Adjusted EBITDAre).

The Company further excludes actual corporate-level general and administrative expense for the Company from Adjusted EBITDAre (Adjusted Hotel EBITDA) to isolate property-level operational performance over which the Company’s hotel operators have direct control. The Company believes Adjusted Hotel EBITDA provides useful supplemental information to investors regarding operating performance and is used by management to measure the performance of the Company’s hotels and effectiveness of the operators of the hotels.

The following table reconciles the Company’s GAAP net income (loss) to EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands).

Hotels Owned

As of December 31, 2022, the Company owned 220 hotels with an aggregate of 28,983 rooms located in 37 states. See “Management and Franchise Agreements” in Part I, Item 1, Business, appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a table summarizing the number of hotels and rooms by brand. Refer to Part I, Item 2, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for tables summarizing the number of hotels and rooms by state, and summarizing the location, brand, manager, date acquired or completed and number of rooms for each of the 220 hotels the Company owned as of December 31, 2022.

Related Parties

The Company has engaged in, and is expected to continue to engage in, transactions with related parties. These transactions cannot be construed to be at arm’s length, and the results of the Company’s operations may be different if these transactions were conducted with non-related parties. See Note 6, titled “Related Parties” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning the Company’s related party transactions.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Capital Resources

The Company’s principal short term sources of liquidity are the operating cash flows generated from the Company’s properties and availability under its Revolving Credit Facility. Over the long term, the Company may receive proceeds from strategic additional secured and unsecured debt financing, dispositions of its hotel properties (such as the sale of one hotel in 2022 for proceeds of approximately $8.5 million discussed above in “Recent Hotel Portfolio Activities”) and offerings of the Company’s common shares, including pursuant to the ATM Program. Macroeconomic pressures, including inflation, increases in interest rates and general market uncertainty, could impact the Company’s ability to raise debt or equity capital to fund long-term liquidity requirements in a cost-effective manner.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $1.4 billion of total outstanding debt consisting of $329.2 million of mortgage debt and $1.0 billion outstanding under its credit facilities, excluding unamortized debt issuance costs and fair value adjustments. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had available corporate cash on hand of approximately $4.1 million, $50 million of available funds under the $575 million term loan facility and unused borrowing capacity under its Revolving Credit Facility of approximately $650 million.

The credit agreements governing the unsecured credit facilities contain mandatory prepayment requirements, customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The credit agreements require that the Company comply with various covenants, which include, among others, a minimum tangible net worth, maximum debt limits, minimum interest and fixed charge coverage ratios, and restrictions on certain investments. The Company was in compliance with the applicable covenants as of December 31, 2022.

As a result of COVID-19 and the associated disruption to the Company’s operating results, the Company first entered into amendments in June 2020 that suspended the testing of the Company’s financial maintenance covenants under the unsecured credit facilities and imposed certain restrictions regarding the Company's investing and financing activities. Further amendments were entered into in March 2021 (the “March 2021 amendments”), extending the majority of the covenant waivers until the date that the compliance certificate was required to be delivered for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2022 (unless the Company elected an earlier date) (the “Extended Covenant Waiver Period”). The March 2021 amendments imposed several modifications and restrictions during the Extended Covenant Waiver Period, including continued cash distribution restrictions, except for the payment of cash dividends of $0.01 per common share per quarter or to the extent required to maintain REIT status, modification of the previous operating restrictions to less restrictive levels, changes to the calculation of the financial maintenance covenants upon exiting the Extended Covenant Waiver Period, and an increase in the LIBOR floor and establishment of a Base Rate (as defined in the credit agreements) floor under the $425 million revolving credit facility.

In July 2021, the Company notified its lenders under its unsecured credit facilities that it had elected to exit the Extended Covenant Waiver Period early, effective on July 29, 2021, pursuant to the terms of each of its unsecured credit facilities. The unsecured credit facilities did not provide the Company the ability to re-enter the Extended Covenant Waiver Period once it elected to exit. Upon exiting the Extended Covenant Waiver Period, the Company was no longer subject to the restrictions regarding its investing and financing activities that were applicable during the Extended Covenant Waiver Period, including, but not limited to, limitations on the acquisition of property, payment of distributions to shareholders (except for the payment of cash dividends of $0.01 per common share per quarter or to the extent required to maintain REIT status), capital expenditures and use of proceeds from the sale of property or common shares of the Company. Those restrictions, including the restriction on payment of distributions to shareholders, were in place throughout the second quarter of 2021.

On June 2, 2022, the Company entered into an unsecured $75 million senior notes facility with a maturity date of June 2, 2029. The Company used the net proceeds from the $75 million senior notes facility for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of borrowings under the Company’s then-existing $425 million revolving credit facility and repayment of mortgage debt.

On July 25, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment and restatement of its $850 million credit facility, increasing the borrowing capacity to approximately $1.2 billion. The amendment and restatement extended the maturity date of the facility and changed the reference rate of the facility from LIBOR to SOFR plus 10 basis points plus a margin ranging from 1.35% to 2.25% depending on the Company’s leverage ratio.

See Note 4 titled “Debt” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a description of the Company’s debt instruments as of December 31, 2022 and a summary of the financial and restrictive covenants as defined in the credit agreements.

The Company has a universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-262915) that was automatically effective upon filing on February 23, 2022. The Company may offer an indeterminate number or amount, as the case may be, of (1) common shares, no par value per share; (2) preferred shares, no par value per share; (3) depository shares representing the Company’s preferred shares;

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(4) warrants exercisable for the Company’s common shares, preferred shares or depository shares representing preferred shares; (5) rights to purchase common shares; and (6) unsecured senior or subordinate debt securities, all of which may be issued from time to time on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act.

On August 12, 2020, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement pursuant to which the Company may sell, from time to time, up to an aggregate of $300 million of its common shares under the ATM Program under the Company’s prior shelf registration statement and the current shelf registration statement described above. Since inception of the ATM Program in August 2020 through December 31, 2022, the Company sold approximately 4.7 million common shares under its ATM Program at a weighted-average market sales price of approximately $16.26 per common share and received aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $76.0 million and proceeds net of offering costs, which included $0.9 million of commissions, of approximately $75.1 million. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of these shares primarily to pay down borrowings under its then-existing $425 million revolving credit facility and used the corresponding increased availability under the $425 million revolving credit facility for general corporate purposes, including acquisitions of hotel properties. As of December 31, 2022, approximately $224.0 million remained available for issuance under the ATM Program. No shares were sold under the Company's ATM Program during the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company plans to use future net proceeds from the sale of shares under the ATM Program for general corporate purposes which may include, among other things, acquisitions of additional properties, the repayment of outstanding indebtedness, capital expenditures, improvement of properties in its portfolio and working capital. The Company may also use the net proceeds to acquire another REIT or other company that invests in income producing properties. Future offerings will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by the Company, including market conditions, the trading price of the Company’s common shares and opportunities for uses of any proceeds.

Capital Uses

The Company anticipates that cash flow from operations, availability under its unsecured credit facilities, additional borrowings, and proceeds from hotel dispositions and equity offerings will be adequate to meet its anticipated liquidity requirements, including required distributions to shareholders, share repurchases, capital improvements, debt service, hotel acquisitions, lease commitments, and cash management activities.

Distributions

The Company generally must distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, subject to certain adjustments and excluding any net capital gain, in order to maintain its REIT status. During the Extended Covenant Waiver Period, as a requirement under the amendments to its unsecured credit facilities, the Company was restricted in its ability to make distributions except for the payment of cash distributions of $0.01 per common share per quarter or to the extent required to maintain REIT status. The Company exited the Extended Covenant Waiver Period under its unsecured credit facilities in July 2021 and, as a result, is no longer subject to the above-described restriction on distributions. In February 2022, the Board of Directors of the Company reinstated its policy of distributions on a monthly basis and declared a monthly cash distribution of $0.05 per common share with the first monthly distribution paid in March 2022. In August and October 2022, the Board of Directors approved subsequent increases to the monthly cash distribution to $0.07 and $0.08 per common share, respectively. In addition to the regular monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share approved by the Board of Directors in December 2022, the Board of Directors approved a special cash distribution of $0.08 per common share for a combined distribution of $0.16 per common share, paid in January 2023, to shareholders of record as of December 30, 2022. Distributions paid for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $0.61, $0.03 and $0.30 per common share, respectively, for a total of approximately $139.5 million, $6.8 million and $67.4 million, respectively.

The Company, as it has done historically due to seasonality, may use its Revolving Credit Facility to maintain the consistency of distributions, taking into consideration any acquisitions, dispositions, capital improvements and economic cycles. While management currently expects monthly cash distributions to continue at $0.08 per common share, any distribution will be subject to approval of the Company’s Board of Directors and there can be no assurance of the classification, timing or duration of distributions at any particular distribution rate. The Board of Directors monitors the Company’s distribution rate relative to the performance of its hotels on an ongoing basis and may make adjustments to the distribution rate as determined to be prudent in relation to other cash requirements of the Company or to the extent required to maintain REIT status. If cash flows from operations and the Revolving Credit Facility are not adequate to meet liquidity requirements, the Company may utilize additional financing sources to make distributions. Although the Company has relatively low levels of debt, there can be no assurance it will be successful with this strategy, and it may need to reduce its distributions to minimum levels required to maintain its qualification as a real estate investment trust. If the Company were unable to extend its maturing debt in future periods or if it were to default on its debt, it may be unable to make distributions.

Share Repurchases

In May 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a one-year extension of its existing Share Repurchase Program, authorizing share repurchases up to an aggregate of $345 million. The Share Repurchase Program may be suspended or terminated at any time by the Company and will end in July 2023 if not terminated or extended earlier. During the year ended December 31, 2022,

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the Company purchased approximately 0.2 million of its common shares under its Share Repurchase Program at a weighted-average market purchase price of approximately $14.21 per common share for an aggregate purchase price, including commissions, of approximately $2.7 million. The shares were repurchased under a written trading plan as part of the Share Repurchase Program that provides for share repurchases in open market transactions and that is intended to comply with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. Repurchases under the Share Repurchase Program have been funded, and the Company intends to fund future repurchases, with cash on hand or availability under its unsecured credit facilities, subject to applicable restrictions under the Company’s unsecured credit facilities (if any). The timing of share repurchases and the number of common shares to be repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program will also depend upon prevailing market conditions, regulatory requirements and other factors.

Capital Improvements

Management routinely monitors the condition and operations of its hotels and plans renovations and other improvements as it deems prudent. The Company is committed to maintaining and enhancing each property’s competitive position in its market. The Company has invested in and plans to continue to reinvest in its hotels. Under certain loan and management agreements, the Company is required to place in escrow funds for the repair, replacement and refurbishing of furniture, fixtures, and equipment, based on a percentage of gross revenues, provided that such amount may be used for the Company’s capital expenditures with respect to the hotels. As of December 31, 2022, the Company held approximately $32.5 million in reserve related to these properties. During 2022, the Company invested approximately $61.7 million in capital expenditures. The Company anticipates spending approximately $70 million to $80 million during 2023, which includes various comprehensive renovation projects for approximately 20 to 25 properties, however, inflationary pressures or supply chain shortages, among other issues, may result in increased costs and delays for anticipated projects. The Company does not currently have any existing or planned projects for new property development.

Upcoming Debt Maturities and Debt Service Payments

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $150.5 million of principal and interest payments due on its debt over the next 12 months. Included in this total is approximately $37.4 million of mortgage loans maturing in 2023, of which the Company paid off $23.5 million in January and February of 2023 for the mortgage loans on three properties using cash flow from operations. See Note 14 titled “Subsequent Events” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for more detail regarding the repayment in full of these three mortgage loans in January and February 2023. The Company plans to pay off the remainder of mortgage loans maturing in 2023 using cash flow from operations or borrowings under its Revolving Credit Facility. Interest expense related to the Company's unsecured credit facilities is expected to increase in 2023 as a result of increases in market interest rates on its variable-rate debt. See Note 4 titled “Debt” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for more detail regarding future maturities of the Company’s debt instruments as of December 31, 2022.

Hotel Purchase Contract Commitments

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had one outstanding contract, which was entered into during 2021, for the potential purchase of a hotel currently under development for a total expected purchase price of approximately $78.6 million. The hotel is expected to be completed as a 260-room Embassy Suites and opened for business in early 2024, at which time the Company expects to complete the purchase of this hotel. Although the Company is working towards acquiring this hotel, there are many conditions to closing that have not yet been satisfied and there can be no assurance that closing on this hotel will occur under the outstanding purchase contract. If closing occurs, the Company plans to utilize its available cash or borrowings under its unsecured credit facilities available at closing to purchase the hotel.

Lease Commitments

The Company is the lessee on certain ground leases, hotel equipment leases and office space leases. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had 14 hotels subject to ground leases and three parking lot ground leases with remaining terms ranging from approximately 16 to 96 years, excluding renewal options. Certain of its ground leases have options to extend beyond the initial lease term by periods ranging from five to 120 years. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had total remaining minimum lease payments of $290.4 million, including $7.1 million due in the next year. Refer to Note 10, titled “Lease Commitments” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details.

Cash Management Activities

As part of the cost sharing arrangements discussed in Note 6, titled “Related Parties” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, certain day-to-day transactions may result in amounts due to or from the Company and ARG. To efficiently manage cash disbursements, the Company or ARG may make payments for the other company. Under the cash management process, each company may advance or defer up to $1 million at any time. Each quarter, any outstanding amounts are settled between the companies. This process allows each company to minimize its cash on hand and reduces the cost for each company. The amounts outstanding at any point in time are not significant to either of the companies.

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Management and Franchise Agreements

Each of the Company’s 220 hotels owned as of December 31, 2022 is operated and managed under separate management agreements with 17 hotel management companies, none of which are affiliated with the Company. Thirteen of the Company’s hotels are managed by affiliates of Marriott. The remainder of the Company’s hotels are managed by companies that are not affiliated with either Marriott, Hilton or Hyatt, and, as a result, the branded hotels they manage were required to obtain separate franchise agreements with each respective franchisor. See Note 9, titled “Management and Franchise Agreements” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information pertaining to the management and franchise agreements, including a listing of the Company’s hotel management companies.

Business Interruption

Being in the real estate industry, the Company is exposed to natural disasters on both a local and national scale. Although management believes the Company has adequate insurance to cover this exposure, there can be no assurance that such events will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Seasonality

The hotel industry historically has been seasonal in nature. Seasonal variations in occupancy at the Company’s hotels may cause quarterly fluctuations in its revenues. Generally, occupancy rates and hotel revenues for the Company’s hotels are greater in the second and third quarters than in the first and fourth quarters. However, due to the effects of COVID-19, these typical seasonal patterns have been disrupted since the first quarter of 2020, although the Company has experienced some seasonal decrease in demand in the first and fourth quarters of each year. To the extent that cash flow from operations is insufficient during any quarter due to temporary or seasonal fluctuations in revenue, the Company expects to utilize cash on hand or available financing sources to meet cash requirements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The following contains a discussion of what the Company believes to be its critical accounting policies and estimates. These items should be read to gain a further understanding of the principles and estimates used to prepare the Company’s financial statements. These principles and estimates include application of judgment; therefore, changes in judgments may have a material impact on the Company’s reported results of operations and financial condition.

Investment Policy

Upon acquisition of real estate properties, the Company estimates the fair value of acquired tangible assets (consisting of land, buildings and improvements, and furniture, fixtures and equipment) and identified intangible assets and liabilities, including in-place leases, and assumed debt based on the evaluation of information and estimates available at that date. Fair values for these assets are not directly observable and estimates are based on comparables and other information which is subjective in nature, including comparable land sales as well as industry and Company data regarding building and furniture, fixture and equipment costs, including adjustments for estimated depreciation based on the age of the property acquired and time since its most recent renovation. The Company has not assigned any value to management contracts and franchise agreements as such contracts are generally at current market rates based on the remaining terms of the contracts and any other value attributable to these contracts is not considered material. Acquisitions of hotel properties are generally accounted for as acquisitions of a group of assets, with costs incurred to effect an acquisition, including title, legal, accounting, brokerage commissions and other related costs, being capitalized as part of the cost of the assets acquired, instead of accounted for separately as expenses in the period that they are incurred. The underlying assumptions are subject to uncertainty and thus any changes to the allocation of fair value to each of the various line items within the Company’s consolidated balance sheets could have an impact on the Company’s financial condition as well as results of operations due to resulting changes in depreciation and amortization as a result of the fair value allocation. The acquisitions of real estate subject to this estimate totaled two properties for a combined purchase price of $85.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 and eight properties for a combined purchase price of $361.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Capitalization Policy

The Company considers expenditures to be capital in nature based on the following criteria: (1) for a single asset, the cost must be at least $500, including all normal and necessary costs to place the asset in service, and the useful life must be at least one year; (2) for group purchases of 10 or more identical assets, the unit cost for each asset must be at least $50, including all normal and necessary costs to place the asset in service, and the useful life must be at least one year; and (3) for major repairs to a single asset, the repair must be at least $2,500 and the useful life of the asset must be substantially extended.

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Impairment Losses Policy

The Company records impairment losses on hotel properties used in operations if indicators of impairment are present, and the sum of the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by the respective properties over their estimated remaining useful life, based on historical and industry data, is less than the properties’ carrying amount. Indicators of impairment include a property with current or potential losses from operations, when it becomes more likely than not that a property will be sold before the end of its previously estimated useful life or when events, trends, contingencies or changes in circumstances indicate that a triggering event has occurred and an asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company monitors its properties on an ongoing basis by analytically reviewing financial performance and considers each property individually for purposes of reviewing for indicators of impairment. As many indicators of impairment are subjective, such as general economic and market declines, the Company also prepares an annual recoverability analysis for each of its properties to assist with its evaluation of impairment indicators. The Company performs an annual recoverability analysis by comparing each property's net book value to its estimated operating income based on assumptions and estimates about the property's future revenues, expenses and capital expenditures after recovery from disruption resulting from COVID-19 and other disruptive events such as renovations or newly opened hotels in the same market. The Company’s planned initial hold period for each property is generally 39 years. If events or circumstances change, such as the Company’s intended hold period for a property or if the operating performance of a property declines substantially for an extended period of time, the Company’s carrying value for a particular property may not be recoverable, and an impairment loss will be recorded. Impairment losses are measured as the difference between the asset’s fair value and its carrying value. The Company’s ongoing analyses and annual recoverability analyses have identified impairment losses on two properties recorded in 2022, five properties recorded in 2021 and one property recorded in 2020 totaling approximately $26.2 million, $10.8 million and $5.1 million, respectively, as discussed in Note 3, titled “Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

New Accounting Standards

See Note 1, titled “Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for information on the anticipated adoption of recently issued accounting standards.

Subsequent Events

On January 3, 2023, the Company repaid in full one secured mortgage loan for a total of $12.4 million. On February 6, 2023, the Company repaid in full two secured mortgage loans for a total of $11.1 million. See Note 4 titled “Debt” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning these transactions.

On January 17, 2023, the Company completed a $50 million draw on its $575 million term loan facility. After this draw, the $575 million term loan facility was fully funded with no remaining capacity on its delayed draw option.

On January 17, 2023, the Company paid approximately $36.6 million in aggregate, or $0.16 per common share, in distributions to shareholders of record as of December 30, 2022.

On January 20, 2023, the Company declared a monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share. The distribution of approximately $18.3 million was paid on February 15, 2023, to shareholders of record as of January 31, 2023.

On February 17, 2023, the Company declared a monthly cash distribution of $0.08 per common share. The distribution is payable on March 15, 2023, to shareholders of record as of February 28, 2023.

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with Item 8, the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto, the introduction of Part I regarding “Forward-Looking Statements,” and Item 1A, “Risk Factors” appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview

The Company is a Virginia corporation that has elected to be treated as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. The Company is self-advised and invests in income-producing real estate, primarily in the lodging sector, in the U.S. As of December 31, 2021, the Company owned 219 hotels with an aggregate of 28,747 rooms located in urban, high-end suburban and developing markets throughout 36 states. Substantially all of the Company’s hotels operate under Marriott or Hilton brands. The hotels are operated and managed under separate management agreements with 16 hotel management companies, none of which are affiliated with the Company. The Company’s common shares are listed on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “APLE.”

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Company and the Hospitality Industry

Since first being reported in December 2019, COVID-19 has spread globally, including to every state in the U.S. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic, and on March 13, 2020, the U.S. declared a national emergency with respect to COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only specifically reduced travel, but also has had a detrimental impact on regional and global economies and financial markets. The global, national and local impact of the pandemic has continued to evolve and many countries, including the U.S., as well as state and local governments, have reacted and continue to react with a wide variety of measures intended to control its spread, including states of emergency, mandatory quarantines, implementation of “stay at home” orders, business closures, border closings, and restrictions on travel and large gatherings, which has resulted in, and may continue to result in, cancellation of events, including sporting events, conferences and meetings.

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hotel industry are unprecedented. COVID-19 has disrupted the industry and has dramatically reduced business and impacted leisure travel, which has had a significant adverse impact on, and management expects COVID-19 will continue to significantly adversely impact and disrupt, the Company’s business, financial performance and condition, operating results and cash flows. While a number of initial restrictions put into place during 2020 have eased, occupancy and average daily rate (“ADR”) during 2021 were still generally below 2019 pre-pandemic levels. Additionally, while the development and distributions of vaccines have helped contribute to improved conditions in 2021, there can be no assurances that the vaccines will contain the spread of the virus and its variants and allow the industry to fully recover. The Company expects the decline in revenue associated with COVID-19 and the overall influence on the U.S. economy to continue to negatively impact the Company’s operating results for the foreseeable future. While the Company has experienced significant recovery in leisure travel in 2021, the Company does not expect a full recovery in results until business travel improves and COVID-related government restrictions and other regulations impacting travel and business operations are lifted more broadly.

Since the beginning of the pandemic, the Company, its management companies and its brands have taken steps to minimize costs and cash outflow to maintain a sound liquidity position. The Company has implemented cost elimination and efficiency initiatives at each of the Company’s hotels by adjusting operations to manage total labor costs, reducing or eliminating certain amenities and reducing rates under various service contracts; enhanced its sales efforts by focusing on COVID-19-specific demand opportunities in certain markets and has strategically targeted and maximized performance based on available demand; reduced capital improvement projects planned for 2021; and entered into amendments to its unsecured credit facilities that provided for the temporary waiver of financial covenant testing for the majority of its financial maintenance covenants (the Company exited the waiver period in July 2021 due to improved financial performance). Cost reduction initiatives, including those discussed above, are not expected to fully, or even materially, offset revenue losses from COVID-19. The extent and duration of COVID-19 effects continue to remain unknown, and these uncertainties continue to make it difficult to predict operating results for the Company’s hotels for the near future. While the Company has experienced improvement in 2021 and expects further improvement, future revenues and operating results could be negatively impacted by, among other things, historical seasonal trends, an increase in COVID-19 cases, new COVID-19 variants, state and local governments and businesses reverting to tighter mitigation restrictions, deterioration of consumer sentiment, changes in business travel, labor shortages and resulting pressure on wages, or significant inflationary impacts. Therefore, there can be no assurances that the Company will not experience setbacks or further declines in hotel revenues or

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earnings at its hotels and the Company cannot predict how long the effects will continue to impact the Company’s operating results as compared to pre-pandemic levels.

Recent Hotel Portfolio Activities

The Company continually monitors market conditions and attempts to maximize shareholder value by investing in properties that it believes provide superior value over the long term. Consistent with this strategy and the Company’s focus on investing in rooms-focused hotels, in 2019 the Company entered into a contract to purchase a 176-room Hilton Garden Inn to be constructed in Madison, Wisconsin. Construction of the hotel was completed in February 2021 and the Company acquired the hotel on February 18, 2021 for a gross purchase price of $49.6 million, utilizing borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility. In 2021, the Company also acquired seven existing hotels for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $311.9 million: a 178-room AC Hotel in Portland, Maine; a 130-room Hyatt Place in Greenville, South Carolina; a 157-room Aloft in Portland, Maine; a 150-room Hilton Garden Inn in Memphis, Tennessee; a 157-room Hilton Garden Inn in Fort Worth, Texas; a 112-room Homewood Suites in Fort Worth, Texas; and a 243-room Hampton Inn & Suites in Portland, Oregon. The Company utilized available cash (including a portion of the proceeds from the sale of 20 hotels in July 2021) and borrowings under its revolving credit facility to fund the acquisitions and plans to utilize its credit facilities available at closing for any additional acquisitions. In addition, on August 16, 2021, the Company purchased the fee interest in the land at its Seattle, Washington Residence Inn that was previously under a ground lease for a purchase price of $80.0 million, consisting of a $24.0 million cash payment utilizing a portion of the proceeds from the sale of 20 hotels in July 2021 and a one-year note payable to the seller for $56.0 million.

As of December 31, 2021 the Company had an outstanding contract for the potential purchase of a hotel under development in Madison, Wisconsin for a purchase price of $78.6 million, which is expected to be completed as a 260-room Embassy Suites and opened for business in early 2024, at which time the Company expects to complete the purchase of this hotel. Although the Company is working towards acquiring this hotel, there are a number of conditions to closing that have not yet been satisfied and there can be no assurance that closing on this hotel will occur under the outstanding purchase contract.

For its existing portfolio, the Company monitors each property’s profitability, market conditions and capital requirements and attempts to maximize shareholder value by disposing of properties when it believes that superior value can be provided from the sale of the property. As a result, in 2021, the Company sold 23 hotels for a total combined gross sales price of $234.6 million and recognized a gain on sale, after giving effect to impairment charges discussed below, of approximately $3.6 million. The Company used the net proceeds from the sales to pay down borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility, for acquisitions of hotel properties in 2021 and for general corporate purposes.

See Note 2 titled “Investment in Real Estate” and Note 3 titled “Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information concerning these transactions.

Hotel Operations

As of December 31, 2021, the Company owned 219 hotels with a total of 28,747 rooms as compared to 234 hotels with a total of 29,937 rooms as of December 31, 2020. Results of operations are included only for the period of ownership for hotels acquired or disposed of during all periods presented. During 2021, the Company acquired eight hotels and sold 23 hotels. During 2020, the Company acquired four hotels and sold three hotels. See further discussion in Note 2 titled “Investments in Real Estate” and Note 3 titled “Dispositions” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in Part II, Item 8, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As a result, in addition to the impacts of COVID-19, the comparability of results for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 as discussed below is also impacted by these transactions.

In evaluating financial condition and operating performance, the most important indicators on which the Company focuses are revenue measurements, such as average occupancy, ADR and RevPAR, and expenses, such as hotel operating expenses, general and administrative expenses and other expenses described below.

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The following is a summary of the results from operations of the Company’s hotels for their respective periods of ownership by the Company:

The following table highlights the quarterly impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s ADR, Occupancy, RevPAR and adjusted hotel earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization for real estate (“Adjusted Hotel EBITDA”) during 2021 as compared to 2020 and 2019 (in thousands except statistical data):