SOUTH PLAINS FINANCIAL, INC. (SPFI) FY 2021 MD&A
This page reproduces the company's own Item 7 MD&A text from the linked SEC filing. It is filer text, not grepcent analysis, scoring, or investment advice.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the
accompanying notes included elsewhere in this Report. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that are subject to certain risks and uncertainties and are based on certain assumptions that we believe are reasonable but
may prove to be inaccurate. Certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those set forth under “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Report, may cause actual results to differ
materially from those projected results discussed in the forward-looking statements appearing in this discussion and analysis. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements.
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Overview
We are a bank holding company headquartered in Lubbock, Texas, and our wholly-owned subsidiary, City Bank, is one of the largest independent banks in West Texas. We have additional banking
operations in the Dallas, El Paso, Greater Houston, the Permian Basin, and College Station Texas markets, and the Ruidoso and Eastern New Mexico markets. Through City Bank, we provide a wide range of commercial and consumer financial services
to small and medium-sized businesses and individuals in our market areas. Our principal business activities include commercial and retail banking, along with insurance, investment, trust and mortgage services.
Acquisitions
The comparability of our consolidated results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 to the year ended December 31, 2019 is affected by the acquisition of West Texas State Bank
(“WTSB”) on November 12, 2019. Therefore, the results of the acquired operations of WTSB were included in our results of operations during all of 2020 and for a portion of 2019.
Recent Developments
COVID-19 Update
The spread of COVID-19 continues to cause significant disruptions in the U.S. economy since it was declared a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization. In addition, the “Delta” and “Omicron”
variants of COVID-19, which are the most transmissible variants identified to date, have spread in the U.S. in 2021. At this time, we cannot predict the impact or how long the economy or our impacted clients will be disrupted by the ongoing
COVID-19 pandemic and any current or future variants of COVID-19, which could depend on numerous factors, including vaccination rates among the population, the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against variants, and the response by
governmental bodies and regulators. We are closely monitoring the current environment, given the rise in cases due to the “Delta” and “Omicron” variants, and are preparing to quickly make any necessary adjustments to protect our employees and
customers.
The Bank also continues to utilize a rigorous enterprise risk management (“ERM”) system that delivers a systematic approach to risk measurement and enhances the effectiveness of risk management across the Bank.
The Bank’s ERM system has allowed management to consistently and aggressively review the Bank’s loan portfolio for signs of potential issues during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the Bank continues to closely monitoring its loans to
borrowers in the retail, hospitality and energy sectors.
While the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and the scope of its impact on the economy is uncertain, the Bank continues to be proactive with its borrowers in those sectors most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic
and offering loan modifications to borrowers who are or may be unable to meet their contractual payment obligations because of the effects of COVID-19. As part of the Bank’s efforts to support its customers and protect the Bank, the Bank has
offered varying forms of loan modifications including 90-day payment deferrals, 6-month interest only terms, or in certain select cases periods of longer than 6 months of interest only, to provide borrowers relief. As of December 31, 2021,
total active loan modifications attributed to COVID-19 were approximately $15.9 million, or 0.7%, of the Company’s loan portfolio. All active modifications are loans modified for either interest only periods longer than 6 months, primarily in
the Bank’s hotel portfolio. The Bank expects that these remaining loans on deferral will return to full payment status at the end of their respective deferral period.
The Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) was created by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) and implemented by the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”) in March 2020.
The PPP allows entities to apply for a 1.00% interest rate loan with payments generally deferred until the date the lender receives the applicable forgiveness amount from the SBA. The PPP loans may be partially or fully forgiven by the SBA if
the entity meets certain conditions. The maturity term for any principal portion left unforgiven is either 2 or 5 years from the funding date, depending on when the loan was originated. For PPP loans that the SBA approved on or after June 5,
2020, the loan must have a maturity of at least 5 years. All PPP loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA and are included in total loans outstanding. The Economic Aid Act, signed into law on December 27, 2020, authorized an additional $284.5
billion in new PPP loan funding and extends the authority of lenders to make PPP loans through March 31, 2021. The PPP Extension Act of 2021 was subsequently signed into law on March 30, 2021 and extended the PPP application deadline to May 31,
2021.
The Bank assisted approximately 2,100 customers for a total of $218 million in the first round of PPP. There has been approximately $217 million in PPP loan forgiveness by the SBA and loan repayments by
customers, leaving approximately $1 million outstanding as of December 31, 2021. The Bank began accepting new applications for PPP loans in January 2021 to assist customers with the new round of the PPP until funding for the PPP expired on May
31, 2021. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Bank funded approximately 1,100 PPP loans for a total of $91 million. The SBA has forgiven approximately $52 million of PPP loans from this last round.
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We are currently unable to fully assess or predict the extent of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, or any current or future variant of COVID-19, on our operations as the ultimate impact
will depend on factors that are currently unknown and/or beyond our control. Please refer to Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in this Report.
Selected Financial Data
The following table sets forth certain of our selected financial data for, and as of the end of, each of the periods indicated. This information should be read in
conjunction with “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” included elsewhere in this Report (dollars in thousands, except per share data).
| As of or for the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Selected Income Statement Data: | ||||||||||||
| Net interest income | $ | 121,764 | $ | 122,285 | $ | 104,575 | ||||||
| Provision for loan losses | (1,918 | ) | 25,570 | 2,799 | ||||||||
| Noninterest income | 97,469 | 101,603 | 56,633 | |||||||||
| Noninterest expense | 148,030 | 141,715 | 121,708 | |||||||||
| Income tax expense (benefit) | 14,507 | 11,250 | 7,481 | |||||||||
| Net income | 58,614 | 45,353 | 29,220 | |||||||||
| Share and Per Share Data: | ||||||||||||
| Earnings per share (basic) | $ | 3.26 | $ | 2.51 | $ | 1.74 | ||||||
| Earnings per share (diluted) | 3.17 | 2.47 | 1.71 | |||||||||
| Dividends per share | 0.30 | 0.14 | 0.06 | |||||||||
| Tangible book value per share(1) | 21.51 | 18.97 | 15.46 | |||||||||
| Selected Period End Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 486,821 | $ | 300,307 | $ | 158,099 | ||||||
| Investment securities | 724,504 | 803,087 | 707,650 | |||||||||
| Gross loans held for investment | 2,437,577 | 2,221,583 | 2,143,623 | |||||||||
| Allowance for loan losses | 42,098 | 45,553 | 24,197 | |||||||||
| Total assets | 3,901,855 | 3,599,160 | 3,237,167 | |||||||||
| Total deposits | 3,341,222 | 2,974,351 | 2,696,857 | |||||||||
| Borrowings | 122,168 | 223,532 | 205,030 | |||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 407,427 | 370,048 | 306,182 | |||||||||
| Performance Ratios: | ||||||||||||
| Return on average assets | 1.56 | % | 1.31 | % | 1.04 | % | ||||||
| Return on average stockholders’ equity | 15.08 | % | 13.40 | % | 10.94 | % | ||||||
| Net interest margin(2) | 3.51 | % | 3.84 | % | 3.98 | % | ||||||
| Efficiency ratio(3) | 67.14 | % | 62.99 | % | 75.29 | % | ||||||
| Credit Quality Ratios: | ||||||||||||
| Nonperforming assets to total assets(4) | 0.30 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.24 | % | ||||||
| Nonperforming loans to total loans held for investment | 0.43 | % | 0.67 | % | 0.28 | % | ||||||
| Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans(5) | 397.23 | % | 304.40 | % | 400.28 | % | ||||||
| Allowance for loan losses to total loans held for investment | 1.73 | % | 2.05 | % | 1.13 | % | ||||||
| Net loan charge-offs to average loans | 0.06 | % | 0.18 | % | 0.09 | % | ||||||
| Capital Ratios: | ||||||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity to total assets | 10.44 | % | 10.28 | % | 9.46 | % | ||||||
| Tangible common equity to tangible assets(1) | 9.85 | % | 9.60 | % | 8.69 | % | ||||||
| Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | 12.91 | % | 12.96 | % | 11.06 | % | ||||||
| Tier 1 leverage ratio | 10.77 | % | 10.24 | % | 10.74 | % | ||||||
| Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio | 14.49 | % | 14.78 | % | 12.85 | % | ||||||
| Total risk-based capital ratio | 18.40 | % | 19.08 | % | 14.88 | % |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (1) | Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. See our reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (2) | Net interest margin is calculated as the annual net interest income, on a fully tax-equivalent basis, divided by average interest-earning assets. |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (3) | The efficiency ratio is calculated by dividing noninterest expense by the sum of net interest income on a tax-equivalent basis and noninterest income. |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (4) | Nonperforming assets consist of nonperforming loans plus OREO. |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (5) | Nonperforming loans include nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more. |
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Results of Operations
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $58.6 million, or $3.17 per diluted share, compared to $45.4 million, or $2.47 per diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2020. The
increase in net income was primarily the result of a decrease of $27.5 million in provision for loan loss, offset by a decrease of $4.1 million in noninterest income, an increase of $6.3 million in noninterest expense and an increase of $3.3
million in income tax expense.
Return on average assets was 1.56% and return on average equity was 15.08% for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to 1.31% and 13.40%, respectively, for the year ended December 31,
2020. The increase in return on average assets was primarily due to the increase in net income of 29.2%, relative to a smaller increase of 8.8% for total average assets.
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $45.4 million, or $2.47 per diluted share, compared to $29.2 million, or $1.71 per diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2019. The
increase in net income was primarily the result of an improvement of $17.7 million in net interest income and increased noninterest income of $45.0 million, offset by an increase of $20.0 million in noninterest expense, an increase of $22.8
million in the provision for loan losses and an increase of $3.8 million in income tax expense.
Return on average assets was 1.31% and return on average equity was 13.40% for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to 1.04% and 10.94%, respectively, for the year ended December 31,
2019. The increase in return on average assets was primarily due to the increase in net income of 55.2%, relative to a smaller increase of 22.8% for total average assets.
Net Interest Income
Net interest income is the principal source of the Company’s net income and represents the difference between interest income (interest and fees earned on assets, primarily loans and
investment securities) and interest expense (interest paid on deposits and borrowed funds). We generate interest income from interest-earning assets that we own, including loans and investment securities. We incur interest expense from
interest-bearing liabilities, including interest-bearing deposits and other borrowings, notably FHLB advances and subordinated notes. To evaluate net interest income, we measure and monitor (i) yields on our loans and other interest-earning
assets, (ii) the costs of our deposits and other funding sources, (iii) our net interest spread and (iv) our net interest margin. Net interest spread is the difference between rates earned on interest-earning assets and rates paid on
interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin is calculated as the annualized net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis divided by average interest-earning assets.
Changes in the market interest rates and interest rates we earn on interest-earning assets or pay on interest-bearing liabilities, as well as the volume and types of interest-earning assets,
interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing liabilities, are usually the largest drivers of periodic changes in net interest spread, net interest margin and net interest income.
The following table presents, for the periods indicated, information about: (i) weighted average balances, the total dollar amount of interest income from interest-earning assets and the
resultant average yields; (ii) average balances, the total dollar amount of interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities and the resultant average rates; (iii) net interest income; (iv) the interest rate spread; and (v) the net interest
margin. For purposes of this table, interest income is shown on a fully tax-equivalent basis.
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| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Balance | Interest | Yield/Rate | Average Balance | Interest | Yield/Rate | Average Balance | Interest | Yield/Rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans, excluding PPP (1) | $ | 2,302,413 | $ | 112,255 | 4.88 | % | $ | 2,181,118 | $ | 116,753 | 5.35 | % | $ | 1,997,783 | $ | 117,074 | 5.86 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Loans - PPP | 117,788 | 8,290 | 7.04 | % | 144,514 | 5,130 | 3.55 | % | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment securities – taxable | 532,272 | 9,292 | 1.75 | % | 547,107 | 11,852 | 2.17 | % | 317,947 | 8,608 | 2.71 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment securities – non-taxable | 219,385 | 5,872 | 2.68 | % | 158,482 | 4,489 | 2.83 | % | 37,232 | 1,289 | 3.46 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other interest-earning assets (2) | 336,081 | 565 | 0.17 | % | 184,262 | 1,100 | 0.60 | % | 284,031 | 6,412 | 2.26 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-earning assets | 3,507,939 | 136,274 | 3.88 | % | 3,215,483 | 139,324 | 4.33 | % | 2,636,993 | 133,383 | 5.06 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest-earning assets | 261,140 | 249,536 | 182,967 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 3,769,079 | $ | 3,465,019 | $ | 2,819,960 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOW, savings and money market deposits | 1,841,678 | 4,163 | 0.23 | % | 1,653,088 | 6,337 | 0.38 | % | 1,448,320 | 16,436 | 1.13 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits | 329,509 | 4,130 | 1.25 | % | 331,623 | 5,557 | 1.68 | % | 319,811 | 6,055 | 1.89 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term borrowings | 8,045 | 5 | 0.06 | % | 19,404 | 104 | 0.54 | % | 16,231 | 290 | 1.79 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes payable & other longer-term borrowings | 19,641 | 38 | 0.19 | % | 107,045 | 558 | 0.52 | % | 95,054 | 2,024 | 2.13 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subordinated debt securities | 75,699 | 4,056 | 5.36 | % | 38,747 | 2,223 | 5.74 | % | 26,786 | 1,616 | 6.03 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures | 46,393 | 880 | 1.90 | % | 46,393 | 1,167 | 2.52 | % | 46,393 | 1,946 | 4.19 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | 2,320,965 | 13,272 | 0.57 | % | 2,196,300 | 15,946 | 0.73 | % | 1,952,595 | 28,367 | 1.45 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest-bearing liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest-bearing deposits | 1,016,835 | 888,653 | 570,428 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | 42,654 | 41,573 | 29,891 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total noninterest-bearing liabilities | 1,059,489 | 930,226 | 600,319 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shareholders’ equity | 388,625 | 338,493 | 267,046 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 3,769,079 | $ | 3,465,019 | $ | 2,819,960 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | $ | 123,002 | $ | 123,378 | $ | 105,016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest spread | 3.31 | % | 3.61 | % | 3.61 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest margin(3) | 3.51 | % | 3.84 | % | 3.98 | % |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (1) | Average loan balances include nonaccrual loans and loans held for sale. |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (2) | Includes income and average balances for interest-earning deposits at other banks, nonmarketable securities, federal funds sold and other miscellaneous interest-earning assets. |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (3) | Net interest margin is calculated as the annual net interest income, on a fully tax-equivalent basis, divided by average interest-earning assets. |
Increases and decreases in interest income and interest expense result from changes in average balances (volume) of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, as well as
changes in average interest rates. The following tables set forth the effects of changing rates and volumes on our net interest income during the period shown. Information is provided with respect to (i) effects on interest income attributable
to changes in volume (change in volume multiplied by prior rate) and (ii) effects on interest income attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by prior volume). Change applicable to both volume and rate have been allocated to
volume.
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| Year Ended December 31, 2021 over 2020 | Year Ended December 31, 2020 over 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change due to: | Change due to: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Volume | Rate | Total Variance | Volume | Rate | Total Variance | |||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans, excluding PPP | $ | 6,493 | $ | (10,991 | ) | $ | (4,498 | ) | $ | 10,744 | $ | (11,065 | ) | $ | (321 | ) | ||||||||
| Loans - PPP | (949 | ) | 4,109 | 3,160 | — | 5,130 | 5,130 | |||||||||||||||||
| Investment securities – taxable | (321 | ) | (2,239 | ) | (2,560 | ) | 6,204 | (2,960 | ) | 3,244 | ||||||||||||||
| Investment securities – non-taxable | 1,725 | (342 | ) | 1,383 | 4,198 | (998 | ) | 3,200 | ||||||||||||||||
| Other interest-earning assets | 906 | (1,441 | ) | (535 | ) | (2,252 | ) | (3,060 | ) | (5,312 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Total increase (decrease) in interest income | 7,854 | (10,904 | ) | (3,050 | ) | 18,894 | (12,953 | ) | 5,941 | |||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOW, Savings, MMDAs | 723 | (2,897 | ) | (2,174 | ) | 2,324 | (12,423 | ) | (10,099 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Time deposits | (35 | ) | (1,392 | ) | (1,427 | ) | 224 | (722 | ) | (498 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Short-term borrowings | (61 | ) | (38 | ) | (99 | ) | 57 | (243 | ) | (186 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Notes payable & other borrowings | (456 | ) | (64 | ) | (520 | ) | 255 | (1,721 | ) | (1,466 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Subordinated debt securities | 2,120 | (287 | ) | 1,833 | 722 | (115 | ) | 607 | ||||||||||||||||
| Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures | — | (287 | ) | (287 | ) | — | (779 | ) | (779 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Total increase (decrease) interest expense: | 2,291 | (4,965 | ) | (2,674 | ) | 3,582 | (16,003 | ) | (12,421 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in net interest income | $ | 5,563 | $ | (5,939 | ) | $ | (376 | ) | $ | 15,312 | $ | 3,050 | $ | 18,362 |
Year Ended December 31, 2021 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020
Net interest income for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $121.8 million compared to $122.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, an decrease of $0.5 million, or 0.4%. The decrease
in net interest income in 2021 was comprised of a $3.2 million, or 2.3%, decrease in interest income and a $2.7 million, or 16.8%, decrease in interest expense. The decrease in interest income was primarily attributable to a decrease in the
yield on average interest-earning assets of 45 basis points offset by the growth of $292.5 million in these assets during the year ended December 31, 2021. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized $6.1 and 3.7
million, respectively, in deferred PPP-related SBA fees. When received, these fees are deferred and then accreted into interest income over the life of the applicable PPP loans. At the time of PPP loan forgiveness by the SBA, any remaining
deferred fees are recognized immediately. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, there was $1.9 and $4.1 million, respectively, of deferred PPP-related SBA fees that have not been accreted to income. The Company expects that the majority of the
remaining first and second rounds of PPP loans will continue to be forgiven by the SBA or repaid over the next several quarters.
The $2.7 million decrease in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 was primarily related to a 16 basis points decrease in the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities,
partially offset by an increase of $124.7 million in average interest-bearing liabilities over the same period in 2020. The increase in average interest-bearing liabilities was mainly due to increased deposits from PPP loan funding, other
government stimulus payments and programs during the period as well as organic growth, partially offset by the repayment of $75.0 million in long-term advances during 2021.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, net interest margin and net interest spread were 3.51% and 3.31%, respectively, compared to 3.84% and 3.61% for the same period in 2020, respectively,
which reflects the changes in interest income and interest expense discussed above.
Year Ended December 31, 2020 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019
Net interest income for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $122.3 million compared to $104.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of $17.7 million, or 16.9%. The
increase in net interest income was comprised of a $5.3 million, or 4.0%, increase in interest income and a $12.4 million, or 43.8%, decrease in interest expense. The growth in interest income was primarily attributable to a $183.3 million, or
9.2%, increase in average non-PPP loans outstanding during the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to 2019, partially offset by a 51 basis points decrease in the yield on total loans. The increase in average loans outstanding was primarily
the result of a complete year of loans acquired from WTSB and an increase of $44.2 million in average mortgage loans held for sale. The decline in yield was a result of the large drop in rates experienced in the first quarter of 2020 and its
continued effects. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had originated approximately 2,100 PPP loans, totaling $218 million, and had received $7.8 million in PPP related SBA fees due to PPP loan forgiveness received from the SBA during the
period. These fees were deferred and then accreted into interest income over the life of the applicable loans. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized $3.7 million in PPP related SBA fees. At December 31, 2020, there was
$4.1 million of deferred fees that had not been accreted to income.
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The $12.4 million decrease in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily related to a 72 basis points decrease in the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities,
partially offset by an increase of $243.7 million in average interest-bearing liabilities. The increase in average interest-bearing liabilities was largely due to a complete year of the deposits acquired from WTSB and growth in deposits from
organic growth, customers depositing funds received from PPP loans and maintaining higher balances, and other government stimulus payments and programs. Additionally, the decrease in the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities was the result
of the decline in the overall rate environment experienced in the first quarter of 2020.
For the year ended December 31, 2020, net interest margin and net interest spread were 3.84% and 3.61%, respectively, compared to 3.98% and 3.61% for the same period in 2019, respectively,
which reflects the changes in interest income and interest expense discussed above.
Provision for Loan Losses
Credit risk is inherent in the business of making loans. We establish an allowance for loan losses through charges to earnings, which are shown in the statements of income as the provision
for loan losses. Specifically identifiable and quantifiable known losses are promptly charged off against the allowance. The provision for loan losses is determined by conducting a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of our allowance for loan
losses and charging the shortfall or excess, if any, to the current quarter’s expense. This has the effect of creating variability in the amount and frequency of charges to our earnings. The provision for loan losses and level of allowance for
each period are dependent upon many factors, including loan growth, net charge offs, changes in the composition of the loan portfolio, delinquencies, management’s assessment of the quality of the loan portfolio, the valuation of problem loans
and the general economic conditions in our market areas. See “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this
Report for more detailed discussion.
Year Ended December 31, 2021 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020
The provision for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2021 was a credit of $1.9 million compared to $25.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in the provision
for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 is primarily a result of general improvement in the economy, a decline in the amount of loans actively under a modification, and a decrease in
nonperforming loans. Net charge-offs decreased $2.7 million during 2021 as compared to 2020. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of loans held for investment was 1.73% at December 31, 2021 and 2.05% at December 31, 2020. Further
discussion of the allowance for loan losses is noted below.
Year Ended December 31, 2020 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019
The provision for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $25.6 million compared to $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The higher provision in 2020 was primarily
a result of the uncertain economic effects from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic as well as the decline in oil and gas prices. Net charge-offs increased $2.5 million during 2020 as compared to 2019. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of
loans held for investment was 2.05% at December 31, 2020 and 1.13% at December 31, 2019. Further discussion of the allowance for loan losses is noted below.
Noninterest Income
While interest income remains the largest single component of total revenues, noninterest income is an important contributing component. The largest portion of our noninterest income is
associated with our mortgage banking activities. Other sources of noninterest income include service charges on deposit accounts, bank card services and interchange fees, and income from insurance activities.
The following table sets forth the major components of our noninterest income for the periods indicated:
| Year Ended December 31, 2021 over 2020 | Year Ended December 31, 2020 over 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | Increase (decrease) | 2020 | 2019 | Increase (decrease) | |||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Service charges on deposit accounts | $ | 6,963 | $ | 7,032 | $ | (69 | ) | $ | 7,032 | $ | 8,129 | $ | (1,097 | ) | ||||||||||
| Income from insurance activities | 8,314 | 7,644 | 670 | 7,644 | 7,016 | 628 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Bank card services and interchange fees | 12,239 | 10,035 | 2,204 | 10,035 | 8,692 | 1,343 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage banking activities | 59,726 | 65,042 | (5,316 | ) | 65,042 | 25,126 | 39,916 | |||||||||||||||||
| Investment commissions | 1,934 | 1,698 | 236 | 1,698 | 1,710 | (12 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Fiduciary income | 2,917 | 3,185 | (268 | ) | 3,185 | 2,306 | 879 | |||||||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of securities | — | 2,318 | (2,318 | ) | 2,318 | — | 2,318 | |||||||||||||||||
| Other income and fess(1) | 5,376 | 4,649 | 727 | 4,649 | 3,654 | 995 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total noninterest income | $ | 97,469 | $ | 101,603 | $ | (4,134 | ) | $ | 101,603 | $ | 56,633 | $ | 44,970 |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (1) | Other income and fees includes income and fees associated with the increase in the cash surrender value of life insurance, safe deposit box rental, check printing, collections, wire transfer and other miscellaneous services. |
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Year Ended December 31, 2021 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020
Noninterest income for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $97.5 million compared to $101.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, a decrease of $4.1 million, or 4.1%. Income from
mortgage banking activities decreased $5.3 million, or 8.2%, to $59.7 million for the December 31, 2021 from $65.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The decrease was primarily the result of a reduction of $106.3 million in interest
rate lock commitments and a decline in gain on sale margins, partially offset by an increase of $58.1 million in mortgage loan originations for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. Our mortgage
originations experienced another high level of volume in 2021 as the industry continued to benefit from historic low levels of interest rates through a majority of 2021. Refinance activity represented 54% of the 2021 originations as compared to
53% in 2020. Refinance activity is expected to taper off in 2022 and then return to more historically-consistent levels. Additionally, bank card services and interchange fee income increased $2.2 million and income from insurance activities
increased $670 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase in bank card services and interchange fee income was primarily tied to the growth in deposits, increased consumer spending,
and the expansion of credit card services. The increase in income from insurance activities is primarily related to increased premiums paid in 2021. Further, there was a $2.3 million gain on sale of securities in the first quarter of 2020.
Year Ended December 31, 2020 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019
Noninterest income for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $101.6 million compared to $56.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of $45.0 million, or 79.4%. Income from
mortgage banking activities increased $39.9 million, or 158.9%, to $65.0 million for the December 31, 2020 from $25.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. This increase was due primarily due to an increase of $802.2 million, or 125.2%,
in mortgage loan originations for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. Our mortgage originations experienced a record level of volume in 2020 as the industry benefited from historic low levels of
interest rates. Refinance activity represented 53% of the 2020 originations as compared to 28% in 2019. Additionally, fiduciary income increased $879 thousand, and income from insurance activities increased $628 thousand for the year ended
December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase in fiduciary income was primarily due to new customer acquisition with estate executorship and trust management as the primary services in late third quarter 2019. It
is expected that fiduciary fees will be $410 thousand per quarter lower beginning in the third quarter of 2021, prior to any organic growth, due to the fees on some estates being fully earned at end of the second quarter of 2021. The increase
in income from insurance activities is related to new revenue generated from two businesses acquired since September 1, 2019. Further, there was a $2.3 million gain on sale of securities in the first quarter of 2020.
Noninterest Expense
The following table sets forth the major components of our noninterest expense for the periods indicated:
| Year Ended December 31, 2021 over 2020 | Year Ended December 31, 2020 over 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | Increase (decrease) | 2020 | 2019 | Increase (decrease) | |||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest expense: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salaries and employee benefits | $ | 93,360 | $ | 89,220 | $ | 4,140 | $ | 89,220 | $ | 75,392 | $ | 13,828 | ||||||||||||
| Occupancy expense, net | 14,560 | 14,658 | (98 | ) | 14,658 | 13,572 | 1,086 | |||||||||||||||||
| Professional services | 6,752 | 6,322 | 430 | 6,322 | 7,334 | (1,012 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Marketing and development | 3,225 | 3,088 | 137 | 3,088 | 3,017 | 71 | ||||||||||||||||||
| IT and data services | 4,007 | 3,574 | 433 | 3,574 | 2,830 | 744 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Bankcard expenses | 4,995 | 4,253 | 742 | 4,253 | 3,346 | 907 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Appraisal expenses | 3,248 | 2,782 | 466 | 2,782 | 1,625 | 1,157 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other expenses(1) | 17,883 | 17,818 | 65 | 17,818 | 14,592 | 3,226 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total noninterest expense | $ | 148,030 | $ | 141,715 | $ | 6,315 | $ | 141,715 | $ | 121,708 | $ | 20,007 |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (1) | Other expenses include items such as telephone expenses, postage, courier fees, directors’ fees, and insurance. |
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Year Ended December 31, 2021 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020
Noninterest expense for 2021 was $148.0 million compared to $141.7 million for 2020, an increase of $6.3 million, or 4.5%. Salaries and employee benefits increased $4.1 million, or 4.6%, from
$89.2 million for the December 31, 2020 to $93.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. This increase in salaries and employee benefits expense was predominately driven by increased commissions paid on the higher volume of mortgage loan
originations and other personnel expenses to support mortgage activities. Additionally, salary expense increased due to expenses for incentive-based compensation related to the growth in loans held for investment in 2021 and for newly-hired
commercial loan officers as part of our stated initiative. All other noninterest expenses increased $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to the same period in 2020. This increase was primarily related to additional
expenses incurred in 2021 for bankcard expenses as a result of increased consumer spending, growth in deposits, and credit card program expenses. Additionally, there were increases in appraisal expenses due to the high mortgage volume noted
above and increased technology costs as part of the investment in planning our transition of computing and data storage to the cloud as well as further development of the new customer lead generation initiative.
Year Ended December 31, 2020 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019
Noninterest expense for 2020 was $141.7 million compared to $121.7 million for 2019, an increase of $20.0 million, or 16.4%. Salaries and employee benefits increased $13.8 million, or 18.3%,
from $75.4 million for the December 31, 2019 to $89.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. This increase in salaries and employee benefits expense was predominantly driven by $10.1 million of additional commissions paid on the higher
volume of mortgage loan originations and from the full year of expenses for the personnel in the branches acquired from WTSB. All other noninterest expenses increased $6.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to the same
period in 2019. This increase was primarily due to the following: a $1.6 million increase in variable mortgage expenses as a result of increased production, a $1.4 million increase in core deposit intangible and other intangibles amortization
expense, a $621 thousand increase in data conversion expenses related to the WTSB acquisition, and $701 thousand in computer equipment purchased in connection with upgrading the equipment at the acquired branches as well as at existing branches
and a new phone system. The computer equipment purchases were expensed due to the individual items falling below the Company’s capitalization threshold.
Financial Condition
Our total assets increased $302.7 million, or 8.4%, to $3.90 billion at December 31, 2021 as compared to $3.60 billion at December 31, 2020. Our loans held for investment increased $216.0
million, or 9.7%, to $2.44 billion at December 31, 2021, compared to $2.22 billion at December 31, 2020. Total deposits increased $366.9 million, or 12.3% to $3.34 billion at December 31, 2021, compared to $2.97 billion at December 31, 2020.
The increase in total assets, loans, and deposits was primarily the result of organic growth of the Company, which included hiring new commercial lenders as part of a stated growth initiative.
Loan Portfolio
Our loans represent the largest portion of earning assets, greater than the securities portfolio or any other asset category, and the quality and diversification of the loan portfolio is an
important consideration when reviewing the Company’s financial condition. We originate substantially all of the loans in our portfolio, except certain loan participations that are independently underwritten by the Company prior to purchase.
Loans held for investments increased $216.0 million, or 9.7%, to $2.44 billion at December 31, 2021 as compared to $2.22 billion at December 31, 2020. We had net organic growth in non-PPP
loans of $345.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2021. This increase occurred in a majority of loan segments, with the largest volume growth in residential construction, residential mortgage, consumer auto, direct energy, restaurant
& retail, and multifamily property loans. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in aggregate principal amounts of PPP loans of $129.8 million as the Company funded $91.4 million in new PPP loans and received forgiveness
payments from the SBA or repayments totaling $221.2 million on PPP loans during 2021.
The following table shows the contractual maturities of our loans held for investment portfolio at December 31, 2021:
| Due in One Year or Less | Due after One Year Through Five Years | Due after Five Years Through Fifteen Years | Due after Fifteen Years | Total | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Dollars in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | $ | 88,513 | $ | 334,496 | $ | 202,825 | $ | 129,610 | $ | 755,444 | |||||||||
| Commercial - specialized | 105,538 | 115,983 | 108,892 | 48,312 | 378,725 | ||||||||||||||
| Commercial - general | 68,015 | 165,597 | 134,798 | 91,614 | 460,024 | ||||||||||||||
| Consumer: | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1-4 family residential | 43,928 | 66,942 | 71,376 | 205,444 | 387,690 | ||||||||||||||
| Auto loans | 2,175 | 141,693 | 96,851 | — | 240,719 | ||||||||||||||
| Other consumer | 5,009 | 39,431 | 23,596 | 77 | 68,113 | ||||||||||||||
| Construction | 132,396 | 6,051 | 747 | 7,668 | 146,862 | ||||||||||||||
| Total loans | $ | 445,574 | $ | 870,193 | $ | 639,085 | $ | 482,725 | $ | 2,437,577 |
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The following table shows the distribution between fixed and adjustable interest rate loans for maturities greater than one year as of December 31, 2021:
| Fixed Rate | Adjustable Rate | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Dollars in thousands) | |||||||
| Commercial real estate | $ | 273,308 | $ | 393,623 | |||
| Commercial - specialized | 68,743 | 204,444 | |||||
| Commercial - general | 155,024 | 236,985 | |||||
| Consumer: | |||||||
| 1-4 family residential | 201,274 | 142,488 | |||||
| Auto loans | 238,544 | — | |||||
| Other consumer | 62,775 | 329 | |||||
| Construction | 543 | 13,923 | |||||
| Total loans | $ | 1,000,211 | $ | 991,792 |
The Bank is primarily involved in real estate, commercial, agricultural and consumer lending activities with customers throughout Texas and Eastern New Mexico. We have a collateral
concentration as 69.4% of our loans were secured by real property as of December 31, 2021, compared to 66.5% as of December 31, 2020. We believe that these loans are not concentrated in any one single property type and that they are
geographically dispersed throughout the areas we serve. Although the Bank has diversified portfolios, its debtors’ ability to honor their contracts is substantially dependent upon the general economic conditions of the markets in which it
operates, which consist primarily of agribusiness, wholesale/retail, oil and gas and related businesses, healthcare industries and institutions of higher education. Commercial real estate loans represent 36.7% of loans held for investment as of
December 31, 2021 and represented 29.9% of loans held for investment as of December 31, 2020. Further, these loans are geographically diversified, primarily throughout the State of Texas as well as Eastern New Mexico.
We have established concentration limits in the loan portfolio for commercial real estate loans and unsecured lending, among other loan types. All loan types are within established limits. We
use underwriting guidelines to assess the borrowers’ historical cash flow to determine debt service, and we further stress test the debt service under higher interest rate scenarios. Financial and performance covenants are used in commercial
lending to allow us to react to a borrower’s deteriorating financial condition, should that occur.
Commercial Real Estate. Our commercial real estate portfolio includes loans for commercial property that is owned by real estate investors,
construction loans to build owner-occupied properties, and loans to developers of commercial real estate investment properties and residential developments. Commercial real estate loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes
similar to our commercial loans. These loans are underwritten primarily based on projected cash flows for income-producing properties and collateral values for non-income-producing properties. The repayment of these loans is generally dependent
on the successful operation of the property securing the loans or the sale or refinancing of the property. Real estate loans may be adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. The properties securing
our real estate portfolio are diversified by type and geographic location. This diversity helps reduce the exposure to adverse economic events that affect any single market or industry.
Commercial real estate loans increased $92.1 million, or 13.9%, to $755.4 million as of December 31, 2021 from $663.3 million as of December 31, 2020. This increase was primarily driven by
organic growth of $71.6 million in multifamily property loans and an increase of $21.2 million in other commercial tenant loans.
Commercial – General and Specialized. Commercial loans are underwritten after evaluating and understanding the borrower’s ability to operate
profitably. Underwriting standards have been designed to determine whether the borrower possesses sound business ethics and practices, to evaluate current and projected cash flows to determine the ability of the borrower to repay their
obligations, and to ensure appropriate collateral is obtained to secure the loan. Commercial loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and, secondarily, on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower.
Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets, such as real estate, accounts receivable, or inventory, and typically include personal guarantees. Owner-occupied real estate is included in commercial
loans, as the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the operations of the commercial borrower’s business rather than on income-producing properties or the sale of the properties. Commercial loans are grouped into two distinct
sub-categories: specialized and general. Commercial related loans that are considered “specialized” include agricultural production and real estate loans, energy loans, and finance, investment, and insurance loans. Commercial related loans that
contain a broader diversity of borrowers, sub-industries, or serviced industries are grouped into the “general category.” These include goods, services, restaurant & retail, construction, and other industries.
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Commercial general loans decreased $58.3 million, or 11.2%, to $460.0 million as of December 31, 2021 from $518.3 million as of December 31, 2020. The decrease in commercial general loans was
primarily due to a decrease in PPP loans of $129.8 million, partially offset by organic loan growth of $31.2 million in restaurant and retail loans.
Commercial specialized loans increased $67.0 million, or 21.5%, to $378.7 million as of December 31, 2021 from $311.7 million as of December 31, 2020. This increase was primarily due to
organic growth in our direct energy sector of $54.8 million and an increase of $18.9 million in agricultural real estate loans.
Consumer. We utilize a computer-based credit scoring analysis to supplement our policies and procedures in underwriting consumer loans. Our loan
policy addresses types of consumer loans that may be originated and the collateral, if secured, which must be perfected. The relatively smaller individual dollar amounts of consumer loans that are spread over numerous individual borrowers also
minimize our risk. Residential real estate loans are included in consumer loans. We generally require mortgage title insurance and hazard insurance on these residential real estate loans.
Consumer and other loans increased $62.8 million, or 9.9%, to $696.5 million as of December 31, 2021, from $633.8 million as of December 31, 2020. The increase in these loans was primarily a
result of a $27.4 million increase in residential mortgage loans and a $34.9 million increase in consumer auto loans as a result of increased auto and home buyer demand. As of December 31, 2021, our consumer loan portfolio was comprised of
$387.7 million in 1-4 family residential loans, $240.7 million in auto loans, and $68.1 million in other consumer loans.
Construction. Loans for residential construction are for single-family properties to developers, builders, or end-users. These loans are underwritten
based on estimates of costs and completed value of the project. Funds are advanced based on estimated percentage of completion for the project. Performance of these loans is affected by economic conditions as well as the ability to control
costs of the projects.
Construction loans increased $52.4 million, or 55.4%, to $146.9 million as of December 31, 2021 from $94.5 million as of December 31, 2020. The increase resulted from continued higher demand
for residential construction as a result of home shortages in many of our markets as lower mortgage interest rates increased the number of buyers for homes.
Paycheck Protection Program. In April 2020, we began originating loans to qualified small businesses under the PPP administered by the SBA under
the provisions of the CARES Act. Loans covered by the PPP may be eligible for loan forgiveness for certain costs incurred related to payroll, group health care benefit costs and qualifying mortgage, rent and utility payments. The remaining loan
balance after forgiveness of any amounts is still fully guaranteed by the SBA. Terms of the PPP loans include the following (i) maximum amount limited to the lesser of $10 million or an amount calculated using a payroll-based formula, (ii)
maximum loan term of five years, (iii) interest rate of 1.00%, (iv) no collateral or personal guarantees are required, (v) no payments are required for six months following the loan disbursement date and (vi) loan forgiveness up to the full
principal amount of the loan and any accrued interest, subject to certain requirements including that no more than 25% of the loan forgiveness amount may be attributable to non-payroll costs. In return for processing and booking the loan, the
SBA paid the lender a processing fee tiered by the size of the loan (5% for loans of not more than $350 thousand; 3% for loans more than $350 thousand and less than $2 million; and 1% for loans of at least $2 million). At December 31, 2021, PPP
loans totaled approximately $40.2 million which are included in commercial general loans.
We are a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include
commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s exposure
to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit to our customers is represented by the contractual or notional amount of those
instruments. Commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit are not recorded as an asset or liability by the Company until the instrument is exercised. The contractual or notional amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of
involvement we have in particular classes of financial instruments.
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration
dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company
uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as they do for on-balance sheet instruments. The amount and nature of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on
management’s credit evaluation of the potential borrower.
Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support
public and private short-term borrowing arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The Company holds collateral supporting those
commitments for which collateral is deemed necessary.
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The following table summarizes commitments we have made as of the dates presented.
| December 31, | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | |||||||
| Commitments to grant loans and unfunded commitments under lines of credit | $ | 542,338 | $ | 417,798 | |||
| Standby letters of credit | 12,418 | 10,481 | |||||
| Total | $ | 554,756 | $ | 428,279 |
Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses provides a reserve against which loan losses are charged as those losses become evident. Management evaluates the appropriate level of the allowance for loan
losses on a quarterly basis. The analysis takes into consideration the results of an ongoing loan review process, the purpose of which is to determine the level of credit risk within the portfolio and to ensure proper adherence to underwriting
and documentation standards. Additional allowances are provided to those loans which appear to represent a greater than normal exposure to risk. The quality of the loan portfolio and the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is reviewed by
regulatory examinations and the Company’s auditors. The allowance for loan losses consists of two elements: (1) specific valuation allowances established for probable losses on specific loans and (2) historical valuation allowances calculated
based on historical loan loss experience for similar loans with similar characteristics and trends, judgmentally adjusted for general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors internal and external to the Company.
To determine the adequacy of the allowance, the loan portfolio is broken into categories based on loan type. Historical loss experience factors by category, adjusted for changes in trends and
conditions, are used to determine an indicated allowance for each portfolio category. These factors are evaluated and updated based on the composition of the specific loan portfolio. Other considerations include volumes and trends of
delinquencies, nonaccrual loans, levels of bankruptcies, criticized and classified loan trends, expected losses on real estate secured loans, new credit products and policies, economic conditions, concentrations of credit risk, and the
experience and abilities of the Company’s lending personnel. In addition to the portfolio evaluations, impaired loans with a balance of $250 thousand or more are individually evaluated based on facts and circumstances of the loan to determine
if a specific allowance amount may be necessary. Specific allowances may also be established for loans whose outstanding balances are below the above threshold when it is determined that the risk associated with the loan differs significantly
from the risk factor amounts established for its loan category.
The allowance for loan losses was $42.1 million at December 31, 2021 compared to $45.6 million at December 31, 2020, an decrease of $3.5 million, or 7.6%. The decrease is primarily a result
of a negative provision of $2.0 million being recorded in June 2021 based on general improvement in the economy, a decline in the amount of loans actively under a modification, and a decrease in nonperforming loans.
The following table provides an analysis of the allowance for loan losses and other data at the dates indicated.
| As of December 31, | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Average loans outstanding during period(1) | ||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | $ | 705,516 | $ | 654,923 | $ | 538,441 | ||||||
| Commercial – specialized | 336,754 | 318,141 | 296,910 | |||||||||
| Commercial – general | 490,945 | 545,391 | 414,512 | |||||||||
| Consumer: | ||||||||||||
| 1-4 family residential | 374,609 | 362,415 | 354,332 | |||||||||
| Auto loans | 227,301 | 205,849 | 205,306 | |||||||||
| Other consumer | 68,106 | 70,478 | 71,609 | |||||||||
| Construction | 124,840 | 90,277 | 84,344 | |||||||||
| Loans held for sale | 92,130 | 78,158 | 32,329 | |||||||||
| Total average loans outstanding during period | $ | 2,420,201 | $ | 2,325,632 | $ | 1,997,783 | ||||||
| Net charge-offs during the period | ||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | $ | (109 | ) | $ | (295 | ) | $ | (431 | ) | |||
| Commercial – specialized | 11 | 1,041 | 231 | |||||||||
| Commercial – general | 459 | 1,601 | (227 | ) | ||||||||
| Consumer: | ||||||||||||
| 1-4 family residential | 44 | (75 | ) | 375 | ||||||||
| Auto loans | 483 | 973 | 885 | |||||||||
| Other consumer | 653 | 970 | 820 | |||||||||
| Construction | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | 75 | |||||||
| Total net charge-offs during the period | $ | 1,537 | $ | 4,214 | $ | 1,728 | ||||||
| Total loans held for investment outstanding | $ | 2,437,577 | $ | 2,221,583 | $ | 2,143,623 | ||||||
| Nonaccrual loans | $ | 9,518 | $ | 13,718 | $ | 4,693 | ||||||
| Allowance for loan losses | $ | 42,098 | $ | 45,553 | $ | 24,197 | ||||||
| Ratio of allowance to total loans held for investment | 1.73 | % | 2.05 | % | 1.13 | % | ||||||
| Ratio of allowance to nonaccrual loans | 442.30 | % | 332.07 | % | 515.60 | % | ||||||
| Ratio of nonaccrual loans to total loans held for investment | 0.39 | % | 0.62 | % | 0.22 | % | ||||||
| Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans during the period | ||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | (0.02 | )% | (0.05 | )% | (0.08 | )% | ||||||
| Commercial – specialized | — | 0.33 | % | 0.08 | % | |||||||
| Commercial – general | 0.09 | % | 0.29 | % | (0.05 | )% | ||||||
| Consumer: | ||||||||||||
| 1-4 family residential | 0.01 | % | (0.02 | )% | 0.11 | % | ||||||
| Auto loans | 0.21 | % | 0.47 | % | 0.43 | % | ||||||
| Other consumer | 0.96 | % | 1.38 | % | 1.15 | % | ||||||
| Construction | — | — | 0.09 | % | ||||||||
| Total ratio of net charge-offs to average loans during the period | 0.06 | % | 0.18 | % | 0.09 | % |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (1) | Average outstanding balances include loans held for sale. |
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Net charge-offs totaled $1.5 million and were 0.06% of average loans outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $4.2 million and 0.18% for the year ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in net
charge-offs was primarily the result of a $518 thousand charge-off on a retail commercial relationship in the first quarter of 2020, a $822 thousand charge-off of an acquired direct energy relationship in the second quarter of 2020, and a $451
thousand charge-off of a commercial credit in the third quarter of 2020, as well as other smaller commercial-general charge-offs during 2020. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of loans held for investment was 1.73% at December 31,
2021 and 2.05% at December 31, 2020.
While the entire allowance is available to absorb losses from any part of our loan portfolio, the following table sets forth the allocation of the allowance for loan losses for the years
presented and the percentage of allowance in each classification to total allowance:
| As of December, 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount | % of Total | Amount | % of Total | Amount | % of Total | |||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | $ | 17,245 | 41.0 | % | $ | 18,962 | 41.6 | % | $ | 5,049 | 20.9 | % | ||||||||||||
| Commercial – specialized | 4,363 | 10.4 | 5,760 | 12.6 | 2,287 | 9.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial – general | 8,466 | 20.1 | 9,227 | 20.3 | 9,609 | 39.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1-4 family residential | 5,268 | 12.5 | 4,646 | 10.2 | 2,093 | 8.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Auto loans | 3,653 | 8.7 | 4,226 | 9.3 | 3,385 | 14.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other consumer | 1,357 | 3.2 | 1,671 | 3.7 | 1,341 | 5.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Construction | 1,746 | 4.1 | 1,061 | 2.3 | 433 | 1.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total allowance for loan losses | $ | 42,098 | 100.0 | % | $ | 45,553 | 100.0 | % | $ | 24,197 | 100.0 | % |
Nonperforming Loans
Loans are considered delinquent when principal or interest payments are past due 30 days or more. Delinquent loans may remain on accrual status between 30 days and 90 days past due. Loans on
which the accrual of interest has been discontinued are designated as nonaccrual loans. Typically, the accrual of interest on loans is discontinued when principal or interest payments are past due 90 days or when, in the opinion of management,
there is a reasonable doubt as to collectability in the normal course of business. When loans are placed on nonaccrual status, all interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period interest income. Income on
nonaccrual loans is subsequently recognized only to the extent that cash is received and the loan’s principal balance is deemed collectible. Loans are restored to accrual status when loans become well-secured and management believes full
collectability of principal and interest is probable.
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A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans include loans on
nonaccrual status and performing restructured loans. Income from loans on nonaccrual status is recognized to the extent cash is received and when the loan’s principal balance is deemed collectible. Depending on a particular loan’s
circumstances, we measure impairment of a loan based upon either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s observable market price, or the fair value of the collateral less
estimated costs to sell if the loan is collateral dependent. A loan is considered collateral dependent when repayment of the loan is based solely on the liquidation of the collateral. Fair value, where possible, is determined by independent
appraisals, typically on an annual basis. Between appraisal periods, the fair value may be adjusted based on specific events, such as if deterioration of quality of the collateral comes to our attention as part of our problem loan monitoring
process, or if discussions with the borrower lead us to believe the last appraised value no longer reflects the actual market for the collateral. The impairment amount on a collateral-dependent loan is charged-off to the allowance if deemed not
collectible and the impairment amount on a loan that is not collateral-dependent is set up as a specific reserve.
Real estate we acquire as a result of foreclosure or by deed-in-lieu of foreclosure is classified as other real estate owned (“OREO”) until sold and is initially recorded at fair value less
costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis.
Nonperforming loans include nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more. Nonperforming assets consist of nonperforming loans plus OREO.
At December 31, 2021, our total nonaccrual loans were $9.5 million, or 0.39% of total loans held for investment, as compared to $13.7 million, or 0.62% of total loans held for investment, at
December 31, 2020. These loans were reviewed for impairment and specific valuation allowances were established as necessary and included in the allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2021 to cover any probable loss. The decrease in the
year ended December 31, 2021 was primarily due to two nonaccrual commercial real estate loans totaling $3.7 million paying off in 2021. This reduction was partially offset by an increase of $1.2 million in six consumer 1-4 family residential
loans being placed on nonaccrual in 2021.
Nonperforming loans were $10.6 million at December 31, 2021 and $15.0 million at December 31, 2020.
Troubled Debt Restructurings
In cases where a borrower experiences financial difficulties and we make certain concessionary modifications to contractual terms, the loan is classified as a troubled debt restructuring, or
TDR. Included in certain loan categories of impaired loans are TDRs on which we have granted certain material concessions to the borrower as a result of the borrower experiencing financial difficulties. The concessions granted by us may
include, but are not limited to: (1) a modification in which the maturity date, timing of payments or frequency of payments is modified, (2) an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new loans with similar risk, or (3) a
combination of the first two factors.
If a borrower on a restructured accruing loan has demonstrated performance under the previous terms, is not experiencing financial difficulty and shows the capacity to continue to perform
under the restructured terms, the loan will remain on accrual status. Otherwise, the loan will be placed on nonaccrual status until the borrower demonstrates a sustained period of performance, which generally requires six consecutive months of
payments. Loans identified as TDRs are evaluated for impairment using the present value of the expected cash flows or the estimated fair value of the collateral, if the loan is collateral dependent. The fair value is determined, when possible,
by an appraisal of the property less estimated costs related to liquidation of the collateral. The appraisal amount may also be adjusted for current market conditions. Adjustments to reflect the present value of the expected cash flows or the
estimated fair value of collateral dependent loans are a component in determining an appropriate allowance for loan losses, and as such, may result in increases or decreases to the provision for loan losses in current and future earnings.
We had no loans restructured as TDRs during 2021, 2020, or 2019. TDRs are excluded from our nonperforming loans unless they otherwise meet the definition of nonaccrual loans or past due 90
days or more.
COVID-19 Industry Exposures. The Company’s COVID-19 industry exposures at December 31, 2021 were:
| Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 |
|---|---|---|
| • | Restaurant and retail owner-occupied loans totaled $122.4 million, or 5.0% of total loans. The average loan size is $448 thousand. There was $1.9 million in classified loans, $6 thousand in loans past due 30 days or more, and $1.2 million in nonaccrual loans. The related allowance for loan losses to total restaurant and retail owner-occupied loans is 2.56%. As of December 31, 2021, none of these loans were active modifications as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 |
|---|---|---|
| • | Hospitality and assisted living center loans totaled $112.9 million, or 4.6% of total loans. The average loan size is $2.7 million. There was $39.0 million in classified loans, no loans past due 30 days or more, and $1.1 million in nonaccrual loans. The related allowance for loan losses to total hospitality and assisted living center loans is 7.81%. As of December 31, 2021, approximately 14% of these loans were active modifications as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. All of these modifications have original modified terms that extended up to 18 months. The Company expects that these remaining modified loans will return to full payment status at the end of their respective modification period. |
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Oil and Gas Exposures. The Company’s direct energy sector loans totaled $118.8 million (or 4.9% of total loans) at December 31, 2021. There was $5.6
million in classified loans, $9 thousand in loans past due 30 days or more, and $44 thousand in nonaccrual loans. Management has expanded the monitoring of the loans in this category. The related allowance for loan losses to direct energy loans
is 1.76%. As of December 31, 2021, none of these loans were active modifications as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Securities Portfolio
The securities portfolio is the second largest component of the Company’s interest-earning assets, and the structure and composition of this portfolio is important to an analysis of the
financial condition of the Company. The securities portfolio serves the following purposes: (i) it provides a source of pledged assets for securing certain deposits and borrowed funds, as may be required by law or by specific agreement with a
depositor or lender; (ii) it provides liquidity to even out cash flows from the loan and deposit activities of customers; (iii) it can be used as an interest rate risk management tool, since it provides a large base of assets, the maturity and
interest rate characteristics of which can be changed more readily than the loan portfolio to better match changes in the deposit base and other funding sources of the Company; and (iv) it is an alternative interest-earning asset when loan
demand is weak or when deposits grow more rapidly than loans.
The securities portfolio consists of securities classified as either held-to-maturity or available-for-sale. Securities consist primarily of state and municipal securities, mortgage-backed
securities and U.S. government sponsored agency securities. We determine the appropriate classification at the time of purchase. All held-to-maturity securities are reported at amortized cost, adjusted for premiums and discounts that are
recognized in interest income using the interest method over the period to maturity. All available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value.
Total securities at December 31, 2021 were $724.5 million, representing an decrease of $78.6 million, or 9.8%, compared to $803.1 million at December 31, 2020. The decrease
was primarily due to $120.3 million in maturities, prepayments, and calls, partially offset by $61.5 million in purchases and a $15.5 million decline in the unrealized gain at December 31, 2021 compared to December 31, 2020.
Certain securities have fair values less than amortized cost and, therefore, contain unrealized losses. At December 31, 2021, we evaluated the securities which had an unrealized loss for
other-than-temporary impairment and determined all declines in value to be temporary. We anticipate full recovery of amortized cost with respect to these securities by maturity, or sooner in the event of a more favorable market interest rate
environment. We do not intend to sell these securities and it is not probable that we will be required to sell them before recovery of the amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding contractual maturities and the weighted average yields of our investment securities as of the date presented. Expected maturities
may differ from contractual maturities if borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligation with or without call or prepayment penalties.
| As of December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Due in One Year or Less | Due after One Year Through Five Years | Due after Five Years Through Ten Years | Due after Ten Years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Weighted Average Yield | Amortized Cost | Weighted Average Yield | Amortized Cost | Weighted Average Yield | Amortized Cost | Weighted Average Yield | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Available-for-sale | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. government and agencies | $ | — | — | $ | — | — | % | $ | — | — | % | $ | — | — | % | |||||||||||||||||
| State and municipal | 1,939 | 2.74 | 7,563 | 2.58 | 10,502 | 2.11 | 245,139 | 2.24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities | — | — | 1,476 | 1.43 | 59,116 | 2.20 | 242,381 | 1.86 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collateralized mortgage obligations | — | — | — | — | 106,733 | 0 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed and other amortizing securities | — | — | — | — | 2,328 | 2.90 | 23,718 | 2.82 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other securities | — | — | — | — | 12,000 | 4.47 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total available-for-sale | $ | 1,939 | 2.74 | % | $ | 9,039 | 2.39 | % | $ | 190,679 | 1.43 | % | $ | 511,238 | 2.09 | % |
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Deposits
Deposits represent the Company’s primary and most vital source of funds. We offer a variety of deposit products including demand deposits accounts, interest-bearing products, savings accounts
and certificate of deposits. We put continued effort into gathering noninterest-bearing demand deposit accounts through loan production, customer referrals, marketing staffs, mobile and online banking and various involvements with community
networks.
Total deposits at December 31, 2021 were $3.34 billion, representing an increase of $366.9 million, or 12.3%, compared to $2.97 billion at December 31, 2020. The increase in total deposits
since December 31, 2020 is primarily due to organic growth, customers depositing funds received from PPP loans and maintaining higher balances, and other government stimulus payments and programs. We anticipate that as customers spend down
their PPP loan funds, this may result in a reduction in deposits. As of December 31, 2021, 32.1% of total deposits were comprised of noninterest-bearing demand accounts, 57.8% of interest-bearing non-maturity accounts and 10.1% of time
deposits.
The following table summarizes our average deposit balances and weighted average rates for the periods indicated:
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average Balance | Weighted Average Rate | Average Balance | Weighted Average Rate | Average Balance | Weighted Average Rate | |||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest-bearing deposits | $ | 1,016,835 | — | % | $ | 888,653 | — | % | $ | 570,428 | — | % | ||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOW and interest-bearing demand accounts | 355,274 | 0.03 | 329,431 | 0.13 | 266,991 | 0.35 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Savings accounts | 132,426 | 0.09 | 113,681 | 0.09 | 71,754 | 0.20 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Money market accounts | 1,353,978 | 0.29 | 1,209,976 | 0.48 | 1,109,575 | 1.38 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits | 329,509 | 1.25 | 331,623 | 1.68 | 319,811 | 1.89 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing deposits | 2,171,187 | 0.38 | 1,984,711 | 0.60 | 1,768,131 | 1.27 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total deposits | $ | 3,188,022 | 0.26 | % | $ | 2,873,364 | 0.41 | % | $ | 2,338,559 | 0.96 | % |
The scheduled maturities of uninsured certificates of deposits or other time deposits as of December 31, 2021 follows:
| (Dollars in thousands) | Three Months | Three to Six Months | Six to 12 Months | After 12 Months | Total | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $ | 6,135 | $ | 12,072 | $ | 39,261 | $ | 24,513 | $ | 81,981 |
The estimated amount of uninsured deposits as of December 31, 2021 was $1.07 billion.
Time deposits issued in amounts of more than $250 thousand represent the type of deposit most likely to affect the Company’s future earnings because of interest rate sensitivity. The
effective cost of these funds is generally higher than other time deposits because the funds are usually obtained at premium rates of interest.
Borrowed Funds
In addition to deposits, we utilize advances from the FHLB and other borrowings as a supplementary funding source to finance our operations.
FHLB Advances. The FHLB allows us to borrow, both short and long-term, on a blanket floating lien status collateralized by first mortgage loans and
commercial real estate loans as well as FHLB stock. At December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 we had total remaining borrowing capacity from the FHLB of $903.9 million and $512.5 million, respectively.
The following table sets forth our long-term FHLB borrowings as of and for the periods indicated:
| As of and for the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||
| Amount outstanding at year-end | $ | — | $ | 75,000 | ||||
| Weighted average interest rate at year-end | — | 0.21 | % | |||||
| Maximum month-end balance during the year | $ | 75,000 | $ | 170,000 | ||||
| Average balance outstanding during the year | $ | 19,641 | $ | 116,517 | ||||
| Weighted average interest rate during the year | 0.19 | % | 0.44 | % |
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Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. The Bank has a line of credit with the FRB. The amount of the line is determined on a monthly basis by the Federal
Reserve Bank. The line is collateralized by a blanket floating lien on all agriculture, commercial and consumer loans. The amount of the line was $593.6 million and $700.8 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
The Company has used FHLB letters of credit to pledge to certain public deposits. The balance of the FHLB letters of credit at December 31, 2020 was $199.0 million. These letters of credit
expired in July 2021 and the Company began pledging securities to these public funds rather than renewing the letters of credit. As a result, there were no FHLB letters of credit outstanding at December 31, 2021.
The following table sets forth our FRB borrowings as of and for the periods indicated:
| As of and for the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||
| Amount outstanding at year-end | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
| Weighted average interest rate at year-end | — | % | — | % | ||||
| Maximum month-end balance during the year | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
| Average balance outstanding during the year | $ | — | $ | 1,209 | ||||
| Weighted average interest rate during the year | — | % | 0.22 | % |
Lines of Credit. The Bank has uncollateralized lines of credit with multiple banks as a source of funding for liquidity management. The total amount
of the lines was $160.0 million and $165.0 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. The lines were not used at December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Subordinated Debt Securities
In December 2018, the Company issued $26.5 million in subordinated debt securities. $12.4 million of the securities have a maturity date of December 2028 and an average fixed rate of 5.74%
for the first five years. The remaining $14.1 million of securities have a maturity date of December 2030 and an average fixed rate of 6.41% for the first seven years. After the fixed rate periods, all securities will float at the Wall Street
Journal prime rate, with a floor of 4.5% and a ceiling of 7.5%. These securities pay interest quarterly, are unsecured, and may be called by the Company at any time after the remaining maturity is five years or less. Additionally, these
securities are intended to qualify for Tier 2 capital treatment, subject to regulatory limitations.
On September 29, 2020, the Company issued $50.0 million in subordinated debt securities. Proceeds were reduced by approximately $926 thousand in debt issuance costs. The securities
have a maturity date of September 2030 with a fixed rate of 4.50% for the first five years. After the expiration of the fixed rate period, the securities will reset quarterly at a variable rate equal to the then current three-month
Secured Overnight Financing Rate, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, plus 438 basis points. These securities pay interest semi-annually, are unsecured, and may be called by the Company at any
time after the remaining maturity is five years or less. Additionally, these securities are intended to qualify for Tier 2 capital treatment, subject to regulatory limitations.
As of December 31, 2021, the total amount of subordinated debt securities outstanding was $76.5 million less approximately $697 thousand of remaining debt issuance costs for a total balance
of $75.8 million.
Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures and Trust Preferred Securities. Between March 2004 and June 2007, the Company formed three
wholly-owned statutory business trusts solely for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities, the proceeds of which were invested in junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures. The trusts are not consolidated and the debentures
issued by the Company to the trusts are reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company records interest expense on the debentures in its consolidated financial statements. The amount of debentures outstanding was $46.4
million at December 31, 2021 and 2020. Company has the right, as has been exercised in the past, to defer payments of interest on the securities for up to twenty consecutive quarters. During such time, corporate dividends may not be paid.
The chart below indicates certain information, as of December 31, 2021, about each of the statutory trusts and the junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures, including the date the
junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures were issued, outstanding amounts of trust preferred securities and junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures, the maturity date of the junior subordinated deferrable interest
debentures, the interest rates on the junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures and the investment banker.
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| Name of Trust | Issue Date | Amount of Trust Preferred Securities | Amount of Debentures | Stated Maturity Date of Trust Preferred Securities and Debentures(1) | Interest Rate of Trust Preferred Securities and Debentures(2)(3) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Dollars in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
| South Plains Financial Capital Trust III | 2004 | $ | 10,000 | $ | 10,310 | 2034 | 3-mo. LIBOR + 265 bps; 2.77% | ||||||||
| South Plains Financial Capital Trust IV | 2005 | 20,000 | 20,619 | 2035 | 33-mo. LIBOR + 139 bps; 1.59% | ||||||||||
| South Plains Financial Capital Trust V | 2007 | 15,000 | 15,464 | 2037 | 3-mo. LIBOR + 150 bps; 1.70% | ||||||||||
| Total | $ | 45,000 | $ | 46,393 |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (1) | May be redeemed at the Company’s option. |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (2) | Interest payable quarterly with principal due at maturity. |
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| (3) | Rate as of last reset date, prior to December 31, 2021. |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity
Liquidity refers to the measure of our ability to meet the cash flow requirements of depositors and borrowers, while at the same time meeting our operating, capital and strategic cash flow
needs, all at a reasonable cost. We continuously monitor our liquidity position to ensure that assets and liabilities are managed in a manner that will meet all short-term and long-term cash requirements. We manage our liquidity position to
meet the daily cash flow needs of customers, while maintaining an appropriate balance between assets and liabilities to meet the return on investment objectives of our shareholders.
Interest rate sensitivity involves the relationships between rate-sensitive assets and liabilities and is an indication of the probable effects of interest rate fluctuations on the Company’s
net interest income. Interest rate-sensitive assets and liabilities are those with yields or rates that are subject to change within a future time period due to maturity or changes in market rates. The model is used to project future net
interest income under a set of possible interest rate movements. The Company’s Investment/Asset Liability Committee reviews this information to determine if the projected future net interest income levels would be acceptable. The Company
attempts to stay within acceptable net interest income levels.
Our liquidity position is supported by management of liquid assets and access to alternative sources of funds. Our liquid assets include cash, interest-bearing deposits in correspondent
banks, federal funds sold, and fair value of unpledged investment securities. Other available sources of liquidity include wholesale deposits, and additional borrowings from correspondent banks, FHLB advances, and the Federal Reserve discount
window.
Our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements are primarily met through cash flow from operations, redeployment of prepaying and maturing balances in our loan and investment portfolios,
and increases in customer deposits. Other alternative sources of funds will supplement these primary sources to the extent necessary to meet additional liquidity requirements on either a short-term or long-term basis.
We believe that we will be able to meet our contractual obligations as they come due through the maintenance of adequate cash levels. We expect to maintain adequate cash levels through
profitability, loan and securities repayment and maturity activity and continued deposit gathering activities. We have in place various borrowing mechanisms for both short-term and long-term liquidity needs.
Capital Requirements
Total shareholders’ equity increased to $407.4 million as of December 31, 2021, compared to $370.0 million as of December 31, 2020. The increase from December 31, 2020 was primarily the
result of $58.6 million in net earnings for the year ended December 31, 2021, partially offset by a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive gain of $7.6 million, net of tax, and by $5.4 million in dividends paid.
We are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal and state banking regulators. Failure to meet regulatory capital requirements may result in certain
mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on our financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for “prompt corrective
action” (described below), we must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of our assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting policies. The capital amounts and
classifications are subject to qualitative judgments by the federal banking regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. Qualitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy required us to maintain
minimum amounts and ratio of CET1 capital, tier 1 capital and total capital to risk-weighted assets and of tier 1 capital to average consolidated assets, referred to as the “leverage ratio.”
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The risk-based capital ratios measure the adequacy of a bank’s capital against the riskiness of its assets and off-balance sheet activities. Failure to maintain adequate capital is a basis
for “prompt corrective action” or other regulatory enforcement action. In assessing a bank’s capital adequacy, regulators also consider other factors such as interest rate risk exposure; liquidity, funding and market risks; quality and level of
earnings; concentrations of credit, quality of loans and investments; risks of any nontraditional activities; effectiveness of bank policies; and management’s overall ability to monitor and control risks.
At December 31, 2021, both we and the Bank met all the capital adequacy requirements to which we and the Bank were subject. At December 31, 2021, we and the Bank were “well capitalized” under
the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. Management believes that no conditions or events have occurred since December 31, 2021 that would materially adversely change such capital classifications. From time to time, we may need to
raise additional capital to support our and the Bank’s further growth and to maintain our “well capitalized” status.
The table below also summarizes the capital requirements applicable to us and the Bank in order to be considered “well-capitalized” from a regulatory perspective, as well as our and the
Bank’s capital ratios as of the dates indicated. We and the Bank exceeded all regulatory capital requirements under Basel III and the Bank was considered to be “well-capitalized” as of the dates reflected in the table below.
| Actual | Minimum Capital Requirement with Capital Buffer | Minimum To be Considered Well Capitalized | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2021: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | $ | 524,836 | 18.40 | % | $ | 299,521 | 10.50 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||
| Bank | 425,748 | 14.93 | % | 299,465 | 10.50 | % | $ | 285,205 | 10.00 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | 413,322 | 14.49 | % | 242,469 | 8.50 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
| Bank | 390,015 | 13.67 | % | 242,424 | 8.50 | % | 228,164 | 8.00 | % | |||||||||||||||
| CET 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | 368,322 | 12.91 | % | 199,681 | 7.00 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
| Bank | 390,015 | 13.67 | % | 199,644 | 7.00 | % | 185,383 | 6.50 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital (to average assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | 413,322 | 10.77 | % | 154,592 | 4.00 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
| Bank | 390,015 | 10.16 | % | 154,503 | 4.00 | % | 191,859 | 5.00 | % |
| Actual | Minimum Capital Requirement with Capital Buffer | Minimum To be Considered Well Capitalized | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2020: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | $ | 473,425 | 19.08 | % | $ | 260,531 | 10.50 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||
| Bank | 404,138 | 16.29 | % | 260,481 | 10.50 | % | $ | 248,077 | 10.00 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | 366,639 | 14.78 | % | 210,906 | 8.50 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
| Bank | 372,947 | 15.03 | % | 210,866 | 8.50 | % | 198,462 | 8.00 | % | |||||||||||||||
| CET 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | 321,639 | 12.96 | % | 173,688 | 7.00 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
| Bank | 372,947 | 15.03 | % | 173,654 | 7.00 | % | 161,250 | 6.50 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital (to average assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | 366,639 | 10.24 | % | 144,347 | 4.00 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
| Bank | 372,947 | 10.42 | % | 144,282 | 4.00 | % | 178,999 | 5.00 | % |
Treasury Stock
We repurchased stock in accordance with its stock repurchase programs during 2021 and 2020. In 2021, we repurchased 393,529 shares of common stock for a total of $9.2 million. In 2020, we
repurchased 19,035 shares of common stock for a total of $293 thousand. See Part II, Item 5, “Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities”, of this Report for further
information.
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Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk
As a financial institution, our primary component of market risk is interest rate volatility. Our interest rate risk policy provides management with the guidelines for effective funds
management, and we have established a measurement system for monitoring our net interest rate sensitivity position. We have historically managed our sensitivity position within our established guidelines.
Fluctuations in interest rates will ultimately impact both the level of income and expense recorded on most of our assets and liabilities, and the market value of all interest-earning assets
and interest-bearing liabilities, other than those which have a short term to maturity. Interest rate risk is the potential of economic losses due to future interest rate changes. These economic losses can be reflected as a loss of future net
interest income and/or a loss of current fair market values. The objective is to measure the effect on net interest income and to adjust the balance sheet to minimize the inherent risk while at the same time maximizing income.
We manage our exposure to interest rates by structuring our balance sheet in the ordinary course of business. Based upon the nature of our operations, we are not subject to foreign exchange
or commodity price risk. We do not own any trading assets.
Our exposure to interest rate risk is managed by the Investment/Asset/Liability Committee, or the ALCO Committee, in accordance with policies approved by the Bank’s Board. The ALCO Committee
formulates strategies based on appropriate levels of interest rate risk. In determining the appropriate level of interest rate risk, the ALCO Committee considers the impact on earnings and capital on the current outlook on interest rates,
potential changes in interest rates, regional economies, liquidity, business strategies and other factors. The ALCO Committee meets regularly to review, among other things, the sensitivity of assets and liabilities to interest rate changes, the
book and market values of assets and liabilities, commitments to originate loans and the maturities of investments and borrowings. Additionally, the ALCO Committee reviews liquidity, cash flow flexibility, maturities of deposits and consumer
and commercial deposit activity. Management employs methodologies to manage interest rate risk, which include an analysis of relationships between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and an interest rate shock simulation
model.
We use interest rate risk simulation models and shock analyses to test the interest rate sensitivity of net interest income and fair value of equity, and the impact of changes in interest
rates on other financial metrics. Contractual maturities and re-pricing opportunities of loans are incorporated in the model. The average lives of non-maturity deposit accounts are based on decay assumptions and are incorporated into the model.
All of the assumptions used in our analyses are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the model cannot precisely measure future net interest income or precisely predict the impact of fluctuations in market interest rates on net interest
income. Actual results will differ from the model’s simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and the application and timing of various management strategies.
On a quarterly basis, we run a simulation model for a static balance sheet and other scenarios. These models test the impact on net interest income from changes in market interest rates under
various scenarios. Under the static model, rates are shocked instantaneously and ramped rates change over a 12-month and 24-month horizon based upon parallel and non-parallel yield curve shifts. Parallel shock scenarios assume instantaneous
parallel movements in the yield curve compared to a flat yield curve scenario. Non-parallel simulation involves analysis of interest income and expense under various changes in the shape of the yield curve. Our internal policy regarding
internal rate risk simulations currently specifies that for gradual parallel shifts of the yield curve, estimated net interest income at risk for the subsequent one-year period should not decline by more than 7.5% for a 100 basis point shift,
15% for a 200 basis point shift, and 22.5% for a 300 basis point shift.
The following tables summarize the simulated change in net interest income over a 12-month horizon as of the dates indicated:
| As of December 31, | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||
| Change in Interest Rates (Basis Points) | Percent Change in Net Interest Income | Percent Change in Net Interest Income | |||||||
| +300 | 6.89 | 5.33 | |||||||
| +200 | 4.53 | 2.90 | |||||||
| +100 | 2.02 | 1.06 | |||||||
| -100 | (1.05 | ) | (1.24 | ) |
Impact of Inflation
Our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Report have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. These require the measurement of financial position and operating results in
terms of historical dollars, without considering changes in the relative value of money over time due to inflation or recession.
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The Company’s asset and liability structure is substantially different from that of an industrial company in that virtually all assets and liabilities of the Company are monetary in nature. Management believes
the impact of inflation on financial results depends upon the Company’s ability to react to changes in interest rates and by such reaction, reduce the inflationary impact on performance. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same
direction, or at the same magnitude, as the prices of other goods and services. However, other operating expenses do reflect general levels of inflation. Management seeks to manage the relationship between interest rate-sensitive assets and
liabilities in order to protect against wide net interest income fluctuations, including those resulting from inflation. Various information shown elsewhere in this Report will assist in the understanding of how well the Company is positioned
to react to changing interest rates and inflationary trends. In particular, additional information related to the Company’s interest rate-sensitive assets and liabilities is contained in this Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Report under the heading “Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk.”
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Our accounting and reporting policies conform to GAAP and the prevailing practices in the banking industry. However, we also evaluate our performance based on certain additional financial
measures discussed in this Report as being non-GAAP financial measures. We classify a financial measure as being a non-GAAP financial measure if that financial measure excludes or includes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the
effect of excluding or including amounts, that are included or excluded, as the case may be, in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP as in effect from time to time in the U.S. in our statements
of income, balance sheets or statements of cash flows. Non-GAAP financial measures do not include operating and other statistical measures or ratios or statistical measures calculated using exclusively either financial measures calculated in
accordance with GAAP, operating measures or other measures that are not non-GAAP financial measures or both.
The non-GAAP financial measures that we discuss in this Report should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the most directly comparable or other financial measures calculated
in accordance with GAAP. Moreover, the manner in which we calculate the non-GAAP financial measures that we discuss in this Report may differ from that of other companies reporting measures with similar names. It is important to understand how
other banking organizations calculate their financial measures with names similar to the non-GAAP financial measures we have discussed in this Report when comparing such non-GAAP financial measures.
Tangible Book Value Per Common Share. Tangible book value per share is a non-GAAP measure generally used by investors, financial analysts and
investment bankers to evaluate financial institutions. The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure for tangible book value per common share is book value per common share. We believe that the tangible book value per common share measure
is important to many investors in the marketplace who are interested in changes from period to period in book value per common share exclusive of changes in intangible assets. Goodwill and other intangible assets have the effect of increasing
total book value while not increasing our tangible book value.
Tangible Common Equity to Tangible Assets. Tangible common equity to tangible assets is a non-GAAP measure generally used by investors, financial
analysts and investment bankers to evaluate financial institutions. We calculate tangible common equity, as described above, and tangible assets as total assets less goodwill, core deposit intangibles and other intangible assets, net of
accumulated amortization. The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure for tangible common equity to tangible assets is total common shareholders’ equity to total assets. We believe that this measure is important to many investors in the
marketplace who are interested in the relative changes from period to period of tangible common equity to tangible assets, each exclusive of changes in intangible assets. Goodwill and other intangible assets have the effect of increasing both
total shareholders’ equity and assets while not increasing our tangible common equity or tangible assets.
The following table reconciles, as of the dates set forth below, total stockholders’ equity to tangible common equity and total assets to tangible assets and then presents book value per
common share, tangible book value per common share, total stockholders’ equity to total assets, and tangible common equity to tangible assets:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | $ | 407,427 | $ | 370,048 | $ | 306,182 | ||||||
| Less: Goodwill and other intangibles | (25,403 | ) | (27,070 | ) | (27,389 | ) | ||||||
| Tangible common equity | $ | $ 382,024 | $ | 342,978 | $ | 278,793 | ||||||
| Total assets | $ | 3,901,855 | $ | 3,599,160 | $ | 3,237,167 | ||||||
| Less: Goodwill and other intangibles | (25,403 | ) | (27,070 | ) | (27,389 | ) | ||||||
| Tangible assets | $ | 3,876,452 | $ | 3,572,090 | $ | 3,209,778 | ||||||
| Shares outstanding | 17,760,243 | 18,076,364 | 18,036,115 | |||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity to total assets | 10.44 | % | 10.28 | % | 9.46 | % | ||||||
| Tangible common equity to tangible assets | 9.85 | % | 9.60 | % | 8.69 | % | ||||||
| Book value per share | $ | 22.94 | $ | 20.47 | $ | 16.98 | ||||||
| Tangible book value per share | $ | 21.51 | $ | 18.97 | $ | 15.46 |
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our accounting and reporting policies conform to GAAP and conform to general practices within the industry in which we operate. To prepare financial statements in conformity with GAAP,
management makes estimates, assumptions and judgments based on available information. These estimates, assumptions and judgments affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates, assumptions and
judgments are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements and, as this information changes, actual results could differ from the estimates, assumptions and judgments reflected in the financial statement. In
particular, management has identified several accounting policies that, due to the estimates, assumptions and judgments inherent in those policies, are critical in understanding our financial statements.
The Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”) permits us an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards affecting public companies. We have
elected to take advantage of this extended transition period, which means that the financial statements included in this Report, as well as any financial statements that we file in the future, will not be subject to all new or revised
accounting standards generally applicable to public companies for the transition period for so long as we remain an emerging growth company or until we affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period under the JOBS Act.
The following is a discussion of the critical accounting policies and significant estimates that we believe require us to make the most complex or subjective decisions or assessments.
Additional information about these policies can be found in Note 1 of the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2021.
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned consolidated
subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Company includes all cash on hand, balances due from other banks, and Federal funds sold, all of which have original
maturities within three months, as cash and cash equivalents.
Securities. Investment securities may be classified into trading, held-to-maturity, or available-for-sale portfolios. Securities that are held
principally for resale in the near term are classified as trading. Securities that management has the ability and positive intent to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and recorded at amortized cost. Securities not classified
as trading or held-to-maturity are available-for-sale and are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings, but included in the determination of other comprehensive income. Management uses these assets as part
of its asset/liability management strategy; they may be sold in response to changes in liquidity needs, interest rates, resultant prepayment risk changes, and other factors. Management determines the appropriate classification of securities at
the time of purchase. Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary are included
in gain or loss on sale of securities. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method.
Loans. Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at their
outstanding principal balances net of any unearned income, charge-offs, unamortized deferred fees and costs on originated loans, and premiums or discounts on purchased loans. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan
origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield using the straight-line method, which is not materially different from the effective interest method required by
GAAP.
Loans are placed on non-accrual status when, in management’s opinion, collection of interest is unlikely, which typically occurs when principal or interest payments are more than ninety days
past due. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual.
Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
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Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings.
Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The Company’s allowance for loan losses consists of
specific valuation allowances established for probable losses on specific loans and general valuation allowances calculated based on historical loan loss experience for similar loans with similar characteristics and trends, judgmentally
adjusted for general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors internal and external to the Company.
The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a quarterly basis by management and is based upon management’s review of the collectability of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of
the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that
are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. The determination of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is based on estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant changes in the economic
environment and market conditions. In connection with the determination of the estimated losses on loans, management obtains independent appraisals for significant collateral. The Bank’s loans are generally secured by specific items of
collateral including real property, crops, livestock, consumer assets, and other business assets.
While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, further reductions in the carrying amounts of loans may be necessary based on various factors. In addition,
regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the estimated losses on loans. Such agencies may require the Bank to recognize additional losses based on their judgments about information available to
them at the time of their examination. Because of these factors, it is reasonably possible that the estimated losses on loans may change materially in the near term. However, the amount of the change that is reasonably possible cannot be
estimated.
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due
according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. All loans rated substandard or worse and greater than $250 thousand are specifically reviewed to determine if they are impaired. Factors considered by management in determining whether a
loan is impaired include payment status and the sources, amounts, and probabilities of estimated cash flow available to service debt in relation to amounts due according to contractual terms. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays
and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan
and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.
Loans that are determined to be impaired are then evaluated to determine estimated impairment, if any. GAAP allows impairment to be measured on a loan-by-loan basis by either the present
value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Loans that are not individually determined to be
impaired or are not subject to the specific review of impaired status are subject to the general valuation allowance portion of the allowance for loan loss.
Loans Held for Sale. Loans held for sale are comprised of residential mortgage loans. Loans that are originated for best efforts delivery are carried
at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value as determined by aggregate outstanding commitments from investors or current investor yield requirements. All other loans held for sale are carried at fair value. Loans sold are typically subject to
certain indemnification provisions with the investor; management does not believe these provisions will have any significant consequences.
Mortgage Servicing Rights Asset. When mortgage loans are sold with servicing retained, servicing rights are initially recorded at fair value with the
income statement effect recorded in net gain on sale of loans. Fair value is based on market prices for comparable mortgage servicing contracts, when available, or alternatively, is based on a valuation model that calculates present value of
estimated future servicing income.
Under the fair value measurement method, the Company measures servicing rights at fair value at each reporting date and reports change in fair value of servicing assets in earnings in the
period in which the changes occur, and are included with other noninterest income in the CFS. The fair values of servicing rights are subject to significant fluctuations as a result of changes in estimated and actual prepayment speeds and
default rates and losses.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Goodwill resulting from business combinations is generally determined as the excess of the fair value of the
consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events and
circumstances exist that indicate that an impairment test should be performed. Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report regarding the impact of new accounting
pronouncements which we have adopted.