# Paylocity Holding Corp (PCTY)

Informational only - not investment advice.

CIK: 0001591698
SIC: 7372 Services-Prepackaged Software
SIC breadcrumb: [Services](/division/I/) > [Business Services](/major-group/73/) > [SIC 7372 Services-Prepackaged Software](/industry/7372/)
Latest 10-K filed: 2025-08-06
SEC page: https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=1591698
Filing source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1591698/000159169825000087/pcty-20250630.htm

## Selected Fundamentals
| Metric | Value | Unit | FY | Filed |
| --- | ---: | --- | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 1595221000 | USD | 2025 | 2025-08-06 |
| Net income | 227127000 | USD | 2025 | 2025-08-06 |
| Assets | 4389428000 | USD | 2025 | 2025-08-06 |

## Financials

Annual standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2025-08-06. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001591698.json. Derived margins are computed from the extracted annual SEC facts.

| Metric | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | 230,701,000 | 300,010,000 | 377,527,000 | 467,633,000 | 561,329,000 | 635,627,000 | 852,651,000 | 1,174,598,000 | 1,402,515,000 | 1,595,221,000 |
| Net income | -3,851,000 | 6,718,000 | 38,598,000 | 53,823,000 | 64,455,000 | 70,819,000 | 90,777,000 | 140,822,000 | 206,766,000 | 227,127,000 |
| Operating income | -3,550,000 | 7,296,000 | 15,949,000 | 56,224,000 | 66,171,000 | 58,043,000 | 84,594,000 | 155,026,000 | 260,093,000 | 304,024,000 |
| Gross profit | 132,616,000 | 176,023,000 | 228,330,000 | 313,782,000 | 379,319,000 | 416,329,000 | 565,649,000 | 807,559,000 | 960,786,000 | 1,096,998,000 |
| Diluted EPS | -0.08 | 0.12 | 0.70 | 0.97 | 1.15 | 1.26 | 1.61 | 2.49 | 3.63 | 4.02 |
| Assets | 1,390,689,000 | 1,137,441,000 | 1,507,599,000 | 1,803,941,000 | 1,985,648,000 | 2,414,885,000 | 4,809,014,000 | 3,695,680,000 | 4,245,460,000 | 4,389,428,000 |
| Liabilities | 1,271,117,000 | 989,828,000 | 1,294,775,000 | 1,495,977,000 | 1,592,740,000 | 1,937,955,000 | 4,195,551,000 | 2,852,817,000 | 3,212,396,000 | 3,155,681,000 |
| Stockholders' equity | 119,572,000 | 147,613,000 | 212,824,000 | 307,964,000 | 392,908,000 | 476,930,000 | 613,463,000 | 842,863,000 | 1,033,064,000 | 1,233,747,000 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 86,496,000 | 103,468,000 | 137,193,000 | 132,476,000 | 250,851,000 | 202,287,000 | 139,756,000 | 288,767,000 | 401,811,000 | 398,070,000 |
| Net margin | -1.67% | 2.24% | 10.22% | 11.51% | 11.48% | 11.14% | 10.65% | 11.99% | 14.74% | 14.24% |
| Operating margin | -1.54% | 2.43% | 4.22% | 12.02% | 11.79% | 9.13% | 9.92% | 13.20% | 18.54% | 19.06% |

## Quarterly

Quarterly standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-05-08. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001591698.json.

Flow metrics use discrete quarter-length periods from 10-Q/10-Q/A filings. Q4 revenue and net income are derived only when annual FY and nine-month YTD facts exist for the same fiscal year; derived Q4 values are labeled. EPS Q4 is not derived.

| Quarter | End date | Revenue | Net income | Diluted EPS | Method |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- |
| 2023-Q1 | 2022-09-30 |  |  | 0.54 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q2 | 2022-12-31 |  |  | 0.28 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q3 | 2023-03-31 |  |  | 1.02 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q4 | 2023-06-30 | 308,453,000 | 37,254,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2024-Q1 | 2023-09-30 | 317,586,000 | 34,517,000 | 0.61 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q2 | 2023-12-31 | 326,361,000 | 38,116,000 | 0.67 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q3 | 2024-03-31 | 401,281,000 | 85,314,000 | 1.50 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q4 | 2024-06-30 | 357,287,000 | 48,819,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2025-Q1 | 2024-09-30 | 362,956,000 | 49,573,000 | 0.88 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q2 | 2024-12-31 | 376,980,000 | 37,465,000 | 0.66 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q3 | 2025-03-31 | 454,548,000 | 91,483,000 | 1.61 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q4 | 2025-06-30 | 400,737,000 | 48,606,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2026-Q1 | 2025-09-30 | 408,172,000 | 47,991,000 | 0.86 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2026-Q2 | 2025-12-31 | 416,134,000 | 50,197,000 | 0.92 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2026-Q3 | 2026-03-31 | 502,286,000 | 111,250,000 | 2.05 | reported discrete quarter |

## Macro Cross-References
- [CPIAUCSL](/indicator/CPIAUCSL/): Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average
- [UNRATE](/indicator/UNRATE/): Unemployment Rate
- [FEDFUNDS](/indicator/FEDFUNDS/): Federal Funds Effective Rate
- [CES0500000003](/indicator/CES0500000003/): Average Hourly Earnings of All Employees, Total Private
- [DFEDTARU](/indicator/DFEDTARU/): Federal Funds Target Range - Upper Limit
- [DFEDTARL](/indicator/DFEDTARL/): Federal Funds Target Range - Lower Limit
- [DGS3MO](/indicator/DGS3MO/): Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 3-Month Constant Maturity
- [DGS2](/indicator/DGS2/): Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 2-Year Constant Maturity
- [DGS10](/indicator/DGS10/): Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 10-Year Constant Maturity
- [DGS30](/indicator/DGS30/): Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 30-Year Constant Maturity
- [T10Y2Y](/indicator/T10Y2Y/): 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Minus 2-Year Treasury Constant Maturity
- [CPILFESL](/indicator/CPILFESL/): Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Food and Energy
- [CPIUFDSL](/indicator/CPIUFDSL/): Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food
- [CPIENGSL](/indicator/CPIENGSL/): Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy
- [CUSR0000SAH1](/indicator/CUSR0000SAH1/): Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Shelter
- [PCEPI](/indicator/PCEPI/): Personal Consumption Expenditures: Chain-type Price Index
- [PCEPILFE](/indicator/PCEPILFE/): Personal Consumption Expenditures Excluding Food and Energy: Chain-type Price Index
- [PPIACO](/indicator/PPIACO/): Producer Price Index by Commodity: All Commodities
- [T10YIE](/indicator/T10YIE/): 10-Year Breakeven Inflation Rate
- [U6RATE](/indicator/U6RATE/): Total Unemployed, Plus All Marginally Attached Workers Plus Total Employed Part Time for Economic Reasons
- [PAYEMS](/indicator/PAYEMS/): All Employees, Total Nonfarm
- [CIVPART](/indicator/CIVPART/): Labor Force Participation Rate
- [EMRATIO](/indicator/EMRATIO/): Employment-Population Ratio
- [UNEMPLOY](/indicator/UNEMPLOY/): Unemployed
- [CE16OV](/indicator/CE16OV/): Employment Level
- [ICSA](/indicator/ICSA/): Initial Claims
- [JTSJOL](/indicator/JTSJOL/): Job Openings: Total Nonfarm
- [JTSQUR](/indicator/JTSQUR/): Quits: Total Nonfarm
- [GDPC1](/indicator/GDPC1/): Real Gross Domestic Product
- [A191RL1Q225SBEA](/indicator/A191RL1Q225SBEA/): Real Gross Domestic Product: Percent Change from Preceding Period
- [INDPRO](/indicator/INDPRO/): Industrial Production: Total Index
- [TCU](/indicator/TCU/): Capacity Utilization: Total Index
- [HOUST](/indicator/HOUST/): New Privately-Owned Housing Units Started: Total Units
- [PERMIT](/indicator/PERMIT/): New Privately-Owned Housing Units Authorized in Permit-Issuing Places: Total Units
- [RSAFS](/indicator/RSAFS/): Advance Retail Sales: Retail Trade
- [PCE](/indicator/PCE/): Personal Consumption Expenditures
- [DSPIC96](/indicator/DSPIC96/): Real Disposable Personal Income
- [PSAVERT](/indicator/PSAVERT/): Personal Saving Rate
- [M2SL](/indicator/M2SL/): M2
- [BOPGSTB](/indicator/BOPGSTB/): U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services: Balance
- [MSPUS](/indicator/MSPUS/): Median Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States
- [HSN1F](/indicator/HSN1F/): New One Family Houses Sold: United States
- [RHORUSQ156N](/indicator/RHORUSQ156N/): Homeownership Rate in the United States
- [TTLCONS](/indicator/TTLCONS/): Total Construction Spending: Total Construction in the United States
- [RRVRUSQ156N](/indicator/RRVRUSQ156N/): Rental Vacancy Rate in the United States
- [TOTALSL](/indicator/TOTALSL/): Total Consumer Credit Owned and Securitized
- [REVOLSL](/indicator/REVOLSL/): Revolving Consumer Credit Owned and Securitized
- [DRCCLACBS](/indicator/DRCCLACBS/): Delinquency Rate on Credit Card Loans, All Commercial Banks
- [GDP](/indicator/GDP/): Gross Domestic Product
- [GPDI](/indicator/GPDI/): Gross Private Domestic Investment
- [GCE](/indicator/GCE/): Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment
- [PCEC](/indicator/PCEC/): Personal Consumption Expenditures
- [NETEXP](/indicator/NETEXP/): Net Exports of Goods and Services
- [GFDEBTN](/indicator/GFDEBTN/): Federal Debt: Total Public Debt
- [GFDEGDQ188S](/indicator/GFDEGDQ188S/): Federal Debt: Total Public Debt as Percent of Gross Domestic Product
- [FYFSD](/indicator/FYFSD/): Federal Surplus or Deficit
- [FGRECPT](/indicator/FGRECPT/): Federal Government Current Receipts
- [FGEXPND](/indicator/FGEXPND/): Federal Government: Current Expenditures
- [MANEMP](/indicator/MANEMP/): All Employees, Manufacturing
- [USCONS](/indicator/USCONS/): All Employees, Construction
- [USTRADE](/indicator/USTRADE/): All Employees, Retail Trade
- [USFIRE](/indicator/USFIRE/): All Employees, Financial Activities
- [USGOVT](/indicator/USGOVT/): All Employees, Government
- [AWHAETP](/indicator/AWHAETP/): Average Weekly Hours of All Employees, Total Private
- [DGORDER](/indicator/DGORDER/): Manufacturers' New Orders: Durable Goods
- [NEWORDER](/indicator/NEWORDER/): Manufacturers' New Orders: Nondefense Capital Goods Excluding Aircraft
- [BUSINV](/indicator/BUSINV/): Total Business Inventories
- [EXPGS](/indicator/EXPGS/): Exports of Goods and Services
- [IMPGS](/indicator/IMPGS/): Imports of Goods and Services
- [IR](/indicator/IR/): Import Price Index (End Use): All Commodities
- [PPIFIS](/indicator/PPIFIS/): Producer Price Index by Commodity: Final Demand

## Latest quarter (10-Q)

Latest 10-Q source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1591698/000159169826000037/pcty-20260331.htm

Extracted between Part I Item 2 and the next Item 3/4 or Part II heading after HTML sanitization.
Confidence: high
Filing date: 2026-05-08
Report date: 2026-03-31

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The statements included herein that are not based solely on historical facts are “forward looking statements.” Such forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated by us in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including items discussed below and under Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 filed with the SEC on August 6, 2025.

Overview

We are a leading cloud-based provider of HR, finance and IT software solutions that deliver a comprehensive platform for the modern workforce. Our platform offers an intuitive, easy-to-use product suite that helps businesses automate and streamline HR, finance and IT processes, attract and retain talent, and build culture and connection - with artificial intelligence ("AI") embedded directly into everyday workflows to save time, reduce manual effort, and support better decisions.

Effective management of human capital and business-related spend is a core function in all organizations and requires a significant commitment of resources. Our cloud-based software solutions, combined with our unified database architecture, are highly flexible and configurable and feature a modern, intuitive user experience. Our platform offers automated data integration with hundreds of third-party partner systems, such as 401(k), benefits and insurance provider systems. We plan to continue to invest in research and development efforts that will allow us to offer a broader selection of products to new and existing clients focused on experiences that solve our clients’ challenges.

    We believe there is a significant opportunity to grow our business by increasing our number of clients, and we intend to invest in our business to achieve this purpose. We market and sell our solutions through our direct sales force. Our sales and marketing expenses have increased as we have added sales representatives and related sales and marketing personnel. We intend to continue to grow our sales and marketing organization across new and existing geographic territories. In addition to growing our number of clients, we intend to grow our revenue over the long term by increasing the number of solutions that clients purchase from us. To do so, we must continue to enhance and grow the number of solutions we offer to advance our platform.

We also believe that delivering a positive service experience is an essential element of our ability to sell our solutions and retain our clients. We supplement our comprehensive software solutions with an integrated implementation and client service organization, all of which are designed to meet the needs of our clients and sales prospects. We expect to continue to invest in and grow our implementation and client service organization as our client base grows.

We will continue to invest across our entire organization as we continue to grow our business over the long term. These investments include increasing the number of personnel across all functional areas, along with improving our solutions and infrastructure to support our growth. The timing and amount of these investments vary based on the rate at which we add new clients and personnel and scale our application development and other activities. Many of these investments will occur in advance of experiencing any direct benefit from them, which will make it difficult to determine if we are effectively allocating our resources. We expect these investments to increase our costs on an absolute basis, but as we grow our number of clients and our related revenues, we anticipate that we will gain economies of scale and increased operating leverage. As a result, we expect our gross and operating margins will improve over the long term.

Paylocity Holding Corporation is a Delaware corporation, which was formed in November 2013. Our business operations are conducted by our wholly owned subsidiaries.

Key Metrics

We regularly review a number of metrics, including the following key metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions.

21

Table of Contents

Revenue Growth

Our recurring revenue model and high annual revenue retention rates provide significant visibility into our future operating results and cash flow from operations. This visibility enables us to better manage and invest in our business. Total revenues increased from $454.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 to $502.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, representing an 11% year-over-year increase. Total revenues increased from $1,194.5 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 to $1,326.6 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2026, representing an 11% year-over-year increase. The increase in year-over-year revenue growth was driven by the strong performance by our sales team. Uncertainties around market and economic conditions may impact revenue growth, which we have recently experienced and may continue to experience, through fluctuations in client employee counts, elongated sales cycles, client losses, and a changing interest rate environment, among other factors.

Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA

We disclose Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA, which are non-GAAP measures, because we use them to evaluate our performance, and we believe Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA assist in the comparison of our performance across reporting periods by excluding certain items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. We believe these metrics are commonly used in the financial community, and we present them to enhance investors’ understanding of our operating performance and cash flows.

Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA are not measurements of financial performance under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”), and you should not consider Adjusted Gross Profit as an alternative to gross profit or Adjusted EBITDA as an alternative to net income, in each case as determined in accordance with GAAP. In addition, our definition of Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA may be different than the definition utilized for similarly-titled measures used by other companies.

We define Adjusted Gross Profit as gross profit before amortization of capitalized internal-use software costs, amortization of certain acquired intangibles, stock-based compensation expense and employer payroll taxes related to stock releases and option exercises, and other items as described below. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense and employer payroll taxes related to stock releases and option exercises and other items as described below.

Three Months Ended

March 31,

Nine Months Ended

March 31,

2025

2026

2025

2026

($ in thousands)

Reconciliation from Gross Profit to Adjusted Gross Profit

Gross profit

$

324,695 

$

363,188 

$

825,126 

$

925,118 

Amortization of capitalized internal-use software costs

15,248 

17,212 

43,858 

52,180 

Amortization of certain acquired intangibles

4,749 

4,443 

11,562 

13,563 

Stock-based compensation expense and employer payroll taxes related to stock releases and option exercises

4,789 

3,621 

15,719 

13,462 

Other items (1)

641 

— 

781 

342 

Adjusted Gross Profit

$

350,122 

$

388,464 

$

897,046 

$

1,004,665 

22

Table of Contents

Three Months Ended

March 31,

Nine Months Ended

March 31,

2025

2026

2025

2026

($ in thousands)

Reconciliation from Net income to Adjusted EBITDA

Net income

$

91,483 

$

111,250 

$

178,521 

$

209,438 

Interest expense

4,436 

1,128 

9,682 

4,698 

Income tax expense

35,079 

45,788 

63,743 

92,690 

Depreciation and amortization expense

25,972 

27,298 

73,184 

82,554 

EBITDA

156,970 

185,464 

325,130 

389,380 

Stock-based compensation expense and employer payroll taxes related to stock releases and option exercises

37,475 

32,802 

118,045 

115,910 

Other items (2)

2,611 

1,955 

9,073 

4,071 

Adjusted EBITDA

$

197,056 

$

220,221 

$

452,248 

$

509,361 

(1)Represents acquisition-related costs and severance cost adjustments related to certain roles that have been eliminated. We exclude one-off severance costs that we incur as part of the normal course of our business operations.

(2)Represents acquisition and transaction-related costs and severance costs related to certain roles that have been eliminated. We exclude one-off severance costs that we incur as part of the normal course of our business operations.

Basis of Presentation

Revenues

Recurring and other revenue

We generate substantially all of our recurring and other revenue from ongoing subscriptions to our cloud-based software solutions, which are recurring in nature. Recurring fees for each client generally include a base fee in addition to a fee based on the number of client employees and the number of products a client uses. We also charge fees for our preparation of W-2 documents and annual required filings on behalf of our clients. We charge implementation fees for professional services provided to implement our software solutions.

The number of client employees on our platform and the mix of products purchased by a client as well as the timing of services provided with respect to those client employees can vary each period. As such, the number of client employees on our system is not necessarily a good indicator of our financial results in any given period. Recurring and other revenue accounted for 93% and 94% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively, and 92% and 93% of our total revenues for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively.

While the majority of our agreements with clients are generally cancellable by the client on 60 days’ notice or less, we also have term agreements, which are generally two years in length. Our agreements do not include general rights of return and do not provide clients with the right to take possession of the software supporting the services being provided. We recognize recurring fees in the period in which services are provided and the related performance obligations have been satisfied. We defer implementation fees related to our proprietary products over a period generally up to 24 months.

Interest Income on Funds Held for Clients

We earn interest income on funds held for clients. We collect funds from clients in advance of performing payroll, payroll tax filing and spend management services on behalf of those clients. Until these funds are remitted to the respective payees, we earn interest on these funds through demand deposit accounts with financial institutions with which we have automated clearing house, or ACH, arrangements. We also earn interest by investing a portion of funds held for clients in highly liquid, investment-grade marketable securities.

23

Table of Contents

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues consists primarily of employee-related expenses, including wages, stock-based compensation, bonuses and benefits, relating to the provision of ongoing client support and implementation activities, payroll tax filing, distribution of printed checks and other materials as well as delivery costs, computing costs, amortization of certain acquired intangibles and bank fees associated with client fund transfers. Costs related to recurring support are generally expensed as incurred. Implementation costs related to our proprietary products are capitalized and generall

[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]

## Latest 10-K MD&A

Extracted between Item 7 and the next Item 7A/8 heading after HTML sanitization.
Confidence: high

Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The statements included herein that are not based solely on historical facts are “forward looking statements.” Such forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated by us in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed below and under Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors.”

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations covers fiscal 2025 and 2024 items and year-over-year comparisons between fiscal 2025 and 2024. Discussion of fiscal 2023 items and year-over-year comparisons between fiscal 2024 and 2023 that are not included in this Form 10-K can be found in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 that was filed with the SEC on August 2, 2024.

Overview

We are a leading cloud-based provider of human capital management, or HCM, payroll and spend management software solutions that deliver a comprehensive platform for the modern workforce. Our platform offers an intuitive, easy-to-use product suite that helps businesses streamline and automate HR, payroll and spend management processes, attract and retain talent, and build culture and connection with their employees. We are expanding the spend management capabilities of our platform beyond expense management to include accounts payable automation, corporate cards, and procurement capabilities through the acquisition of Airbase Inc. in October 2024. This integrated platform will enable HR and finance leaders to manage all their spend, including payroll, on a single platform.

Effective management of human capital and business-related spend is a core function in all organizations and requires a significant commitment of resources. Our cloud-based software solutions, combined with our unified database architecture, are highly flexible and configurable and feature a modern, intuitive user experience. Our platform offers automated data integration with hundreds of third-party partner systems, such as 401(k), benefits and insurance provider systems. We plan to continue to invest in research and development efforts that will allow us to offer a broader selection of products to new and existing clients focused on experiences that solve our clients’ challenges.

We believe there is a significant opportunity to grow our business by increasing our number of clients, and we intend to invest in our business to achieve this purpose. We market and sell our solutions through our direct sales force. Our sales and marketing expenses have increased as we have added sales representatives and related sales and marketing personnel. We intend to continue to grow our sales and marketing organization across new and existing geographic territories. In addition to growing our number of clients, we intend to grow our revenue over the long term by increasing the number of solutions that clients purchase from us. To do so, we must continue to enhance and grow the number of solutions we offer to advance our platform.

We also believe that delivering a positive service experience is an essential element of our ability to sell our solutions and retain our clients. We supplement our comprehensive software solutions with an integrated implementation and client service organization, all of which are designed to meet the needs of our clients and sales prospects. We expect to continue to invest in and grow our implementation and client service organization as our client base grows.

We will continue to invest across our entire organization as we continue to grow our business over the long term. These investments include increasing the number of personnel across all functional areas, along with improving our solutions and infrastructure to support our growth. The timing and amount of these investments vary based on the rate at which we add new clients and personnel and scale our application development and other activities. Many of these investments will occur in advance of experiencing any direct benefit from them, which will make it difficult to determine if we are effectively allocating our resources. We expect these investments to increase our costs on an absolute basis, but as we grow our number of clients and our related revenues, we anticipate that we will gain economies of scale and increased operating leverage. As a result, we expect our gross and operating margins will improve over the long term.

Paylocity Holding Corporation is a Delaware corporation, which was formed in November 2013. Our business operations are conducted by our wholly owned subsidiaries.

31

Table of Contents

Key Metrics

We regularly review a number of metrics, including the following key metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions.

Revenue Growth

Our recurring revenue model and high annual revenue retention rates provide significant visibility into our future operating results and cash flow from operations. This visibility enables us to better manage and invest in our business. Total revenues increased from $1,174.6 million in fiscal 2023 to $1,402.5 million in fiscal 2024, representing a 19% year-over-year increase. Total revenues increased from $1,402.5 million in fiscal 2024 to $1,595.2 million in fiscal 2025, representing a 14% year-over-year increase. During fiscal 2025, total revenue growth was driven by the strong performance of our sales team and continued annual revenue retention in excess of 92%. Uncertainties around market and economic conditions may impact revenue growth, which we have recently experienced and may continue to experience, through fluctuations in client employee counts, elongated sales cycles, client losses, and a changing interest rate environment, among other factors.

Client Count Growth

We believe there is a significant opportunity to grow our business by increasing our number of clients. Excluding clients acquired through acquisitions, we have increased the number of clients using our software solutions from approximately 36,200 as of June 30, 2023 to approximately 41,650 as of June 30, 2025, representing a compound annual growth rate of approximately 7%. The table below sets forth the total number of clients using our software solutions for the periods indicated, excluding clients acquired through acquisitions, rounded to the nearest fifty.

June 30,

2023

2024

2025

Client Count

36,200 

39,050 

41,650 

The rate at which we add clients is highly variable period-to-period and highly seasonal as many clients switch solutions during the first calendar quarter of each year. Although many clients have multiple divisions, segments or locations, we only count such clients once for these purposes.

Annual Revenue Retention Rate

Our annual revenue retention rate has been in excess of 92% during each of the past three fiscal years. We calculate our annual revenue retention rate as our total revenue for the preceding 12 months, less the annualized value of revenue lost during the preceding 12 months, divided by our total revenue for the preceding 12 months. We calculate the annualized value of revenue lost by summing the recurring fees paid by lost clients over the previous twelve months prior to their termination if they have been a client for a minimum of twelve months. For those lost clients who became clients within the last twelve months, we sum the recurring fees for the period that they have been a client and then annualize the amount. We exclude interest income on funds held for clients from the revenue retention calculation. We believe that our annual revenue retention rate is an important metric to measure overall client satisfaction and the general quality of our product and service offerings.

Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA

We use Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate our operating results. Our calculations of Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA eliminate the impact of items we do not consider indicative of our ongoing operating performance. Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA are not measurements of financial performance under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP, and these metrics may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies.

We define Adjusted Gross Profit as gross profit before amortization of capitalized internal-use software costs and certain acquired intangibles, stock-based compensation expense and employer payroll taxes related to stock releases and option exercises and other items as described below. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest expense,

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income tax expense (benefit), depreciation and amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense and employer payroll taxes related to stock releases and option exercises and other items as described below.

We disclose Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA, which are non-GAAP measures, because we believe these metrics assist investors and analysts in comparing our performance across reporting periods on a consistent basis by excluding items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. We believe these metrics are commonly used in the financial community to aid in comparisons of similar companies, and we present them to enhance investors’ understanding of our operating performance and cash flows.

Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA have limitations as analytical tools. Some of these limitations include the following:

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our ongoing or future requirements for capital expenditures;

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our income tax expense or the cash requirement to pay our taxes;

•Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements; and

•Other companies in our industry may calculate Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as a comparative measure.

Additionally, stock-based compensation will continue to be an element of our overall compensation strategy, although we exclude it from Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA as an expense when evaluating our ongoing operating performance for a particular period.

Because of these limitations, you should not consider Adjusted Gross Profit as an alternative to gross profit or Adjusted EBITDA as an alternative to net income, in each case as determined in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results, and we use Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA only as supplemental information.

Directly comparable GAAP measures to Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA are gross profit and net income, respectively. We reconcile Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA as follows:

Year Ended June 30,

2023

2024

2025

(in thousands)

Reconciliation from Gross Profit to Adjusted Gross Profit

Gross profit

$

807,559

$

960,786

$

1,096,998

Amortization of capitalized internal-use software costs

31,440

45,246

59,948

Amortization of certain acquired intangibles

7,414

7,907

16,168

Stock-based compensation expense and employer payroll taxes related to stock releases and option exercises

18,446

20,350

19,314

Other items (1)

19

469

1,365

Adjusted Gross Profit

$

864,878

$

1,034,758

$

1,193,793

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Year Ended June 30,

2023

2024

2025

(in thousands)

Reconciliation from Net income to Adjusted EBITDA

Net income

$

140,822

$

206,766

$

227,127

Interest expense

752

758

13,053

Income tax expense

17,792

70,249

81,936

Depreciation and amortization expense

60,866

76,426

99,636

EBITDA

220,232

354,199

421,752

Stock-based compensation expense and employer payroll taxes related to stock releases and option exercises

154,505

152,446

150,063

Other items (2)

446

(1,091)

11,182

Adjusted EBITDA

$

375,183

$

505,554

$

582,997

(1)    Represents acquisition-related costs and severance cost adjustments related to certain roles that have been eliminated. We exclude one-off severance costs that we incur as part of the normal course of our business operations.

(2)    Represents acquisition and nonrecurring transaction-related costs, lease exit activity and severance costs related to certain roles that have been eliminated. We exclude one-off severance costs that we incur as part of the normal course of our business operations.

Basis of Presentation

Revenues

Recurring and Other Revenue

We generate substantially all of our recurring and other revenue from ongoing subscriptions to our cloud-based software solutions, which are recurring in nature. Recurring fees for each client generally include a base fee in addition to a fee based on the number of client employees and the number of products a client uses. We also charge fees attributable to our preparation of W-2 documents and annual required filings on behalf of our clients. We charge implementation fees for professional services provided to implement our software solutions. Implementations of our solutions typically require one to eight weeks, depending on the size and complexity of each client, at which point the new client’s payroll is first processed using our solution. Our average client size has continued to be over 150 employees.

While the majority of our agreements with clients are generally cancellable by the client on 60 days’ notice or less, we also have entered into term agreements, which are generally two years in length. Our agreements do not include general rights of return and do not provide clients with the right to take possession of the software supporting the services being provided. We recognize recurring fees in the period in which services are provided and the related performance obligations have been satisfied. We defer implementation fees related to our proprietary products over a period generally up to 24 months. Recurring and other revenue accounted for approximately 93%, 91% and 92% of our total revenues during the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Interest Income on Funds Held for Clients

We earn interest income on funds held for clients. We collect funds from clients in advance of performing payroll, payroll tax filing and spend management services on behalf of those clients. Until these funds are remitted to the respective payees, we earn interest on these funds through demand deposit accounts with financial institutions with which we have automated clearing house, or ACH, arrangements. We also earn interest by investing a portion of funds held for clients in highly liquid, investment-grade marketable securities.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues consists primarily of employee-related expenses, including wages, stock-based compensation, bonuses and benefits, relating to the provision of ongoing client support and implementation activities, payroll tax filing, distribution of printed checks and other materials as well as delivery costs, computing costs, amortization of certain

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acquired intangibles and bank fees associated with client fund transfers. Costs related to recurring support are generally expensed as incurred. Implementation costs related to our proprietary products are capitalized and generally amortized over a period of 7 years. Our cost of revenues is expected to increase in absolute dollars for the foreseeable future as we increase our client base. However, we expect to realize cost efficiencies over the long term as our business scales, resulting in improved operating leverage and increased margins.

We also capitalize a portion of our internal-use software costs, which are then primarily amortized as Cost of revenues. We amortized $31.4 million, $45.2 million and $59.9 million of capitalized internal-use software costs in fiscal 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Operating Expenses

Sales and Marketing

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses for our direct sales and marketing staff, including wages, commissions, stock-based compensation, bonuses, benefits, marketing expenses and other related costs. Our sales personnel earn commissions and bonuses for attainment of certain performance criteria based upon new sales throughout the fiscal year. We capitalize certain selling and commission costs related to new contracts or purchases of additional services by our existing clients and generally amortize them over a period of 7 years.

We will seek to grow our number of clients for the foreseeable future and therefore our sales and marketing expense is expected to continue to increase in absolute dollars as we grow our sales organization and expand our marketing activities.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses for our research and development and product management staff, including wages, stock-based compensation, bonuses and benefits. Additional expenses include costs related to the development, maintenance, quality assurance and testing of new technologies and ongoing refinement of our existing solutions. Research and development expenses, other than internal-use software costs qualifying for capitalization, are expensed as incurred.

We capitalize a portion of our development costs related to internal-use software. The timing of our capitalized development projects may affect the amount of development costs expensed in any given period. The table below sets forth the amounts of capitalized and expensed research and development expenses for each of fiscal 2023, 2024 and 2025.

Year Ended June 30,

2023

2024

2025

(in thousands)

Capitalized portion of research and development

$

55,582 

$

75,531 

$

75,853 

Expensed portion of research and development

163,994 

178,333 

205,851 

Total research and development

$

219,576 

$

253,864 

$

281,704 

We expect to grow our research and development efforts as we continue to broaden our product offerings and extend our technological leadership by investing in the development of new technologies and introducing them to new and existing clients. We expect research and development expenses to continue to increase in absolute dollars but to vary as a percentage of total revenue on a period-to-period basis.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee-related costs, including wages, stock-based compensation, bonuses and benefits for our finance and accounting, legal, information systems, human resources and other administrative departments. Additional expenses include consulting and professional fees, occupancy costs, insurance and other corporate expenses. While we expect our general and administrative expenses to continue to increase in absolute dollars as our company continues to grow, we expect to realize cost efficiencies as our business scales.

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Other Income (Expense)

Other income (expense) generally consists of interest income related to interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents, net of interest expense related to our revolving credit facility.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth our statements of operations data for each of the periods indicated.

Year Ended June 30,

2023

2024

2025

(in thousands)

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

Revenues:

Recurring and other revenue

$

1,098,036

$

1,281,680

$

1,471,801

Interest income on funds held for clients

76,562

120,835

123,420

Total revenues

1,174,598

1,402,515

1,595,221

Cost of revenues

367,039

441,729

498,223

Gross profit

807,559

960,786

1,096,998

Operating expenses:

Sales and marketing

296,716

334,954

374,216

Research and development

163,994

178,333

205,851

General and administrative

191,823

187,406

212,907

Total operating expenses

652,533

700,693

792,974

Operating income

155,026

260,093

304,024

Other income

3,588

16,922

5,039 

Income before income taxes

158,614

277,015

309,063

Income tax expense

17,792

70,249

81,936 

Net income

$

140,822

$

206,766

$

227,127

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The following table sets forth our statements of operations data as a percentage of total revenue for each of the periods indicated.

Year Ended June 30,

2023

2024

2025

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

Revenues:

Recurring and other revenue

93%

91%

92%

Interest income on funds held for clients

7%

9%

8%

Total revenues

100%

100%

100%

Cost of revenues

31%

31%

31%

Gross profit

69%

69%

69%

Operating expenses:

Sales and marketing

25%

24%

24%

Research and development

14%

13%

13%

General and administrative

16%

13%

13%

Total operating expenses

55%

50%

50%

Operating income

14%

19%

19%

Other income

0%

1%

0%

Income before income taxes

14%

20%

19%

Income tax expense

2%

5%

5%

Net income

12%

15%

14%

Comparison of Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2025

Revenues

($ in thousands)

Year Ended June 30,

Change from 2023 to 2024

Change from 2024 to 2025

2023

2024

2025

$

%

$

%

Recurring and other revenue

$

1,098,036

$

1,281,680

$

1,471,801

$

183,644

17%

$

190,121

15%

Percentage of total revenues

93 

%

91 

%

92 

%

Interest income on funds held for clients

$

76,562

$

120,835

$

123,420

$

44,273

58%

$

2,585

2%

Percentage of total revenues

7 

%

9 

%

8 

%

Recurring and Other Revenue

Recurring and other revenue for the year ended June 30, 2025 increased by $190.1 million, or 15%, to $1,471.8 million from $1,281.7 million for the year ended June 30, 2024. Recurring and other revenue increased primarily as a result of incremental revenues from new and existing clients due to the strong performance by our sales team and continued annual revenue retention in excess of 92%. Excluding clients acquired through acquisitions, the number of clients using our software solutions at June 30, 2025 increased by 7% to approximately 41,650 from approximately 39,050 at June 30, 2024.

Interest Income on Funds Held for Clients

Interest income on funds held for clients for the year ended June 30, 2025 increased by $2.6 million, or 2%, to $123.4 million from $120.8 million for the year ended June 30, 2024. Interest income on funds held for clients increased slightly, as the positive impact from higher average daily balances of funds held for new and existing clients was mostly offset by lower interest rates as compared to the prior fiscal year.

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Cost of Revenues

($ in thousands)

Year Ended June 30,

Change from 2023 to 2024

Change from 2024 to 2025

2023

2024

2025

$

%

$

%

Cost of revenues

$

367,039

$

441,729

$

498,223

$

74,690

20%

$

56,494

13%

Percentage of total revenues

31%

31%

31%

Gross profit margin

69%

69%

69%

Cost of revenues for the year ended June 30, 2025 increased by $56.5 million, or 13%, to $498.2 million from $441.7 million for the year ended June 30, 2024. Cost of revenues increased primarily as a result of the continued growth of our business, in particular, $22.1 million in additional employee-related costs, $14.7 million in increased internal-use software amortization, $12.6 million in additional processing and delivery related costs and $8.3 million in increased amortization of certain acquired intangible assets. Gross profit margin was 69% for both years ended June 30, 2024 and 2025.

Operating Expenses

($ in thousands)

Sales and Marketing

Year Ended June 30,

Change from 2023 to 2024

Change from 2024 to 2025

2023

2024

2025

$

%

$

%

Sales and marketing

$

296,716

$

334,954

$

374,216

$

38,238

13%

$

39,262

12%

Percentage of total revenues

25%

24%

24%

Sales and marketing expenses for the year ended June 30, 2025 increased by $39.3 million, or 12%, to $374.2 million from $335.0 million for the year ended June 30, 2024. The increase in sales and marketing expense was primarily due to $36.8 million of additional employee-related costs, including those incurred to expand our sales team.

Research and Development

Year Ended June 30,

Change from 2023 to 2024

Change from 2024 to 2025

2023

2024

2025

$

%

$

%

Research and development

$

163,994

$

178,333

$

205,851

$

14,339

9%

$

27,518

15%

Percentage of total revenues

14%

13%

13%

Research and development expenses for the year ended June 30, 2025 increased by $27.5 million, or 15%, to $205.9 million from $178.3 million for the year ended June 30, 2024. The increase in research and development expenses was primarily due to $25.7 million of additional employee-related costs related to additional development personnel.

General and Administrative

Year Ended June 30,

Change from 2023 to 2024

Change from 2024 to 2025

2023

2024

2025

$

%

$

%

General and administrative

$

191,823

$

187,406

$

212,907

$

(4,417)

(2)%

$

25,501

14%

Percentage of total revenues

16%

13%

13%

General and administrative expenses for the year ended June 30, 2025 increased by $25.5 million, or 14%, to $212.9 million from $187.4 million for the year ended June 30, 2024. The increase in general and administrative expenses

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was primarily due to $14.3 million of additional employee-related costs and a $4.3 million gain related to lease exit activity during the year ended June 30, 2024.

Other Income (Expense)

Other income for the year ended June 30, 2025 decreased by $11.9 million as compared to the year ended June 30, 2024. The change in other income was primarily due to $12.3 million in additional interest expense related to borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Our effective tax rates were 25.4% and 26.5% for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively. Our effective tax rates for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2025 were higher than the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to state income taxes.

See Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8: “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details on the components of income tax and a reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory rate to the effective tax rate.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

In preparing our financial statements and accounting for the underlying transactions and balances in accordance with GAAP, we apply various accounting policies that require our management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our financial statements. We consider the policies discussed below critical to understanding our financial statements, as their application places the most significant demands on management’s judgment. Management bases its estimates, judgments and assumptions on historical experience, current economic and industry conditions and on various other factors deemed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Because the use of estimates is an integral part of the financial reporting process, actual results could differ, and such differences could be material.

Revenue Recognition

We apply Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), whereby we recognize revenue when we transfer control of goods or services to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled to for those goods or services. We derive our revenue from contracts with clients substantially all from recurring service fees. Recurring fees are mostly derived from payroll processing and related services such as payroll reporting and tax filing services, time and labor services, time clock rentals, and HR-related software solutions, including employee management and benefits enrollment and administration, substantially all of which are delivered on a monthly basis.

The performance obligations related to recurring services are generally satisfied monthly as services are provided, with fees charged and collected based on a per-employee-per-month fee. We believe that the total fees charged to our clients is indicative of the standalone selling price as these fees are within the range of prices typically charged for our services to our clients. Even though our subscription-based services include multiple performance obligations, we do not believe it is meaningful to determine the standalone selling price for each service separately since these services are delivered and related revenue recognized within the same period.

We have certain optional performance obligations that are satisfied at a point in time including the sales of time clocks and W-2 preparation services.

Implementation services and other consist mainly of nonrefundable implementation fees, which involve setting up the client in, and loading data into, our cloud-based modules. These implementation activities are considered set-up activities. We have determined that the nonrefundable upfront fees provide certain clients with a material right to renew the contract. Implementation fees are deferred and amortized generally over a period up to 24 months.

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Capitalized Internal-Use Software Costs

We apply ASC 350-40, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software, to the accounting for costs of internal-use software. Software development costs are capitalized when module development begins, it is probable that the project will be completed, and the software will be used as intended. Costs associated with preliminary project stage activities, training, maintenance and all other post implementation stage activities are expensed as incurred. We also capitalize certain costs related to specific upgrades and enhancements when it is probable the expenditures will result in significant additional functionality. The capitalization policy provides for the capitalization of certain payroll costs for employees who are directly associated with developing internal-use software as well as certain external direct costs. Capitalized employee costs are limited to the time directly spent on such projects.

Internal-use software is amortized on a straight-line basis, generally over a two- to three-year period while certain projects that support our main processing activities are amortized over ten years. We evaluate the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and test for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. There was no impairment to capitalized internal-use software during the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 or 2025. We capitalized $55.6 million, $75.5 million and $75.9 million of internal-use software costs for the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively, including stock-based compensation costs of $11.9 million, $14.4 million and $13.0 million for the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively. We amortized $31.4 million, $45.2 million and $59.9 million of capitalized internal-use software costs for the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Business Combinations

We include the results of businesses acquired in our consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. We allocate the purchase price consideration associated with our acquisitions to the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their respective acquisition dates, with the excess recorded to goodwill. The purchase price allocations require us to make significant judgments and estimates in determining such fair values, particularly related to the proprietary technology intangible asset. Such estimates used in valuation methodologies can include, but are not limited to, forecasted revenue growth rates, royalty rates, technology migration rates and required rate of return. These estimates are inherently uncertain and may be refined over the measurement period. Adjustments to the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed may be recorded during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, with the corresponding offset to goodwill.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary liquidity needs are related to the funding of general business requirements, including working capital requirements, research and development, and capital expenditures. As of June 30, 2025, our principal sources of liquidity were $398.1 million of cash and cash equivalents. We maintain a credit agreement which provides for a $550.0 million revolving credit facility which may be increased up to $825.0 million. No amounts were drawn on the revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2024. In September 2024, we borrowed $325.0 million under this credit facility to fund the October 2024 acquisition of Airbase Inc. We had $162.5 million in outstanding borrowings under this credit facility at June 30, 2025, as we repaid $162.5 million during the second half of fiscal 2025. Refer to Notes 7 and 12 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8: “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional details on the Airbase acquisition and credit agreement, respectively.

In April 2024, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $500 million of our common stock (the “Repurchase Program”). The extent to which we repurchase shares, the number and price of any shares repurchased and the timing of any repurchases depends on the market price of our common stock, trading volume, general market conditions and other corporate and economic considerations. During fiscal 2024, we repurchased an aggregate of 1.1 million shares for approximately $150.0 million at an average cost per share of $142.82 under the Repurchase Program. During fiscal 2025, we repurchased 0.8 million shares for approximately $149.6 million at an average cost per share of $190.16 under the Repurchase Program. In July 2025, our board of directors authorized an additional $500 million of our common stock for repurchase under the Repurchase Program. Refer to Notes 15 and 20 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8: “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional detail on our Repurchase Program.

We may invest portions of our excess cash and cash equivalents in highly liquid, investment-grade marketable securities. These investments may consist of commercial paper, corporate debt issuances, asset-backed debt securities,

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certificates of deposit, U.S. treasury securities, U.S. government agency securities and other securities with credit quality ratings of A-1 or higher and as well as in money market funds. As of June 30, 2025, we did not have any corporate investments classified as available-for-sale securities.

In order to grow our business, we intend to increase our personnel and related expenses and to make investments in our platform, data centers and general infrastructure, some of which may be significant. The timing and amount of these investments will vary based on our financial condition, the rate at which we add new clients and new personnel and the scale of our module development, data centers and other activities. Many of these investments will occur in advance of experiencing any direct benefit from them, which could negatively impact our liquidity and cash flows during any particular period and may make it difficult to determine if we are effectively allocating our resources. However, we expect to fund our operations, capital expenditures, acquisitions, share repurchases and other investments principally with cash flows from operations, and to the extent that our liquidity needs exceed our cash from operations, we would look to our cash on hand or utilize the remaining borrowing capacity under our credit facility to satisfy those needs.

Our payroll and spend management processing activities involve the movement of significant funds from accounts of clients to their employees, relevant taxing authorities and vendors. Funds held for clients and client fund obligations will vary substantially from period to period mostly as a result of the timing of payroll and payroll tax obligations due. Though we debit a client’s account prior to any disbursement on its behalf, there is a delay between when our payments are due and when the incoming funds from the client to cover these amounts payable actually clear into our operating accounts. We currently have agreements with various major U.S. banks to execute ACH and wire transfers to support our services. We believe we have sufficient capacity under these ACH arrangements to handle all transaction volumes for the foreseeable future. We primarily collect fees for our HCM and payroll services via ACH transactions at the same time we debit the client’s account for payroll and payroll tax obligations and thus are able to reduce collectability and accounts receivable risks.

We believe our current cash and cash equivalents, future cash flow from operations, and access to our credit facility will be sufficient to meet our ongoing working capital, capital expenditure and other liquidity requirements for at least the next 12 months, and thereafter, for the foreseeable future.

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Cash Flows

The following table sets forth data regarding cash flows for the periods indicated:

Year Ended June 30,

2023

2024

2025

Net cash provided by operating activities

$

282,723 

$

384,670 

$

418,226 

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchases of available-for-sale securities

(598,895)

(304,465)

(260,997)

Proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities

446,751 

294,438 

160,067 

Capitalized internal-use software costs

(45,004)

(60,726)

(62,402)

Purchases of property and equipment

(21,910)

(18,028)

(13,073)

Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired

— 

(12,031)

(277,851)

Other investing activities

(1,104)

(1,079)

(1,292)

Net cash used in investing activities

(220,162)

(101,891)

(455,548)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Net change in client fund obligations

(1,362,421)

325,056 

(297,923)

Borrowings under credit facility

— 

— 

325,000 

Repayment of credit facility

— 

— 

(162,500)

Repurchases of common shares

— 

(150,000)

(149,638)

Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan

16,916 

19,143 

19,682 

Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards

(88,312)

(52,549)

(60,034)

Other financing activities

(885)

(72)

(408)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

(1,434,702)

141,578 

(325,821)

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and funds held for clients' cash and cash equivalents

$

(1,372,141)

$

424,357 

$

(363,143)

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $282.7 million, $384.7 million and $418.2 million for the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

The change in net cash provided by operating activities from fiscal 2024 to fiscal 2025 was primarily due to improved operating results after adjusting for non-cash items including stock-based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization expense and deferred income tax expense during the year ended June 30, 2025 as compared to the year ended June 30, 2024.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $220.2 million, $101.9 million and $455.5 million, for the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively. Net cash used in investing activities is significantly impacted by the timing of purchases and sales and maturities of investments as we may invest a portion of our excess cash and cash equivalents and funds held for clients in highly liquid, investment-grade marketable securities. The amount of funds held for clients invested will vary based on timing of client funds collected and payments due to client employees and taxing and other regulatory authorities.

The change in net cash used in investing activities from fiscal 2024 to fiscal 2025 was primarily due to $265.8 million in additional amounts paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired, associated with the fiscal 2025 acquisition of Airbase. It was also attributable to $134.4 million in less proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities, partially offset by $43.5 million in less purchases of available-for-sale securities as compared to the year ended June 30, 2024.

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Financing Activities

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities was $(1,434.7) million, $141.6 million and $(325.8) million for the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively. The change in net cash provided by (used in) financing activities from fiscal 2024 to fiscal 2025 was primarily due to the change in client fund obligations of $623.0 million due to the timing of client funds collected and related remittance of those funds to client employees, taxing and other regulatory authorities and vendors during the year ended June 30, 2025 as compared to the year ended June 30, 2024. The change in client fund obligations was offset by $162.5 million in net borrowings on our credit facility as we borrowed $325.0 million in September 2024 to acquire Airbase of which we repaid $162.5 million during the year ended June 30, 2025.

Capital Expenditures

We expect to continue to invest in capital spending as we continue to grow our business and expand and enhance our operating facilities, data centers and technical infrastructure. Future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our rate of sales growth. In the event that our sales growth or other factors do not meet our expectations, we may eliminate or curtail capital projects in order to mitigate the impact on our use of cash. Capital expenditures were $21.9 million, $18.0 million and $13.1 million for the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively, exclusive of capitalized internal-use software costs of $45.0 million, $60.7 million, and $62.4 million for the same periods, respectively.

Contractual Obligations

At June 30, 2025, our principal commitments consist of $162.5 million in borrowings on our revolving credit facility, which is contractually not due in the next twelve months, and related interest payments, as well as $64.6 million in operating lease obligations, of which $11.0 million is due in the next twelve months. Refer to Note 13 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8: “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional details on our lease activity. We also have $95.5 million in purchase obligations, of which $57.6 million is due in the next twelve months.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8: “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for a discussion of recently issued accounting standards.