# PureCycle Technologies, Inc. (PCT) FY 2025 MD&A

Verbatim Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis from PureCycle Technologies, Inc.'s 10-K for fiscal year 2025.

SEC filing source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1830033/000119312526076801/pct-20251231.htm
Accession: 0001193125-26-076801
Filing date: 2026-02-26
Report date: 2025-12-31
Extracted structurally from real Item 7 body heading to real Item 7A/8 boundary.
Confidence: high

Company profile: /company/PCT/
All MD&A years: /company/PCT/mda/
Previous year: /company/PCT/mda/fy2024/ (FY 2024)

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis provides information that our management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our consolidated results of operations and financial condition. The discussion should be read together with the audited consolidated financial statements, together with related notes thereto, included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” to “we”, “us”, “our”, "PCT", and “the Company” are intended to mean the business and operations of PCT and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Overview

We are a Florida-based corporation focused on commercializing a patented dissolution recycling technology to physically separate the polymer from other plastics, color, odors and impurities (the “Technology”), originally developed by The Procter & Gamble Company (“P&G”), for restoring waste polypropylene into resin, called PureFive® resin, which has similar properties and applicability for reuse as virgin polypropylene. We have a global license for the Technology from P&G, which was amended during 2025 to permanently waive the possible clawback of our exclusivity for plants located in North America and extend the time in which our plants must begin construction and commence sales in other regions to avoid a clawback of exclusivity under the license agreement. We have introduced an important new segment to the global polypropylene market that will assist multinational corporations in meeting their sustainability goals as well as federal and state regulations and mandates, providing consumers with polypropylene-based products that are sustainable, and reducing overall polypropylene waste in the world’s landfills and oceans.

Our process includes the following steps:

•
Feed PreP collects, sorts, and prepares polypropylene waste (“feedstock”) for Purification.

•
Purification is a dissolution recycling process that uses a combination of solvent, temperature, and pressure to return the feedstock to near-virgin condition through a novel configuration of commercially-available equipment and unit operations. The Purification process puts the plastic through a physical extraction process using supercritical fluids that both extract and filter out other plastics and additives to purify the color, opacity and odor of the plastic without changing the bonds of the polymer. By not altering the chemical makeup of the polymer, we are able to use significantly less energy and reduce production costs as compared to virgin resin.

•
Compounding, which involves blending our resin with either virgin resin or additives, is a step that can be used on a case-by-case basis. Compounding allows for the modification of the resin to meet the end-user’s qualifications with melt flow, flexibility, clarity, color and strength being some of the properties that can be tailored through compounding.

During 2025, we completed various capital raises to fund operations and to fund future capital requirements for facilities expansion. In February 2025, we entered into subscription agreements (the "Offering") with certain investors in a private placement for an aggregate of 4,091,293 shares of our Common Stock at a price of $8.0655 per share. The gross proceeds from the Offering were approximately $33.0 million, before deducting fees and other estimated offering expenses. Further, during 2025, we sold $41.9 million in aggregate par amount of Southern Ohio Port Authority Exempt Facility Revenue Bonds (PureCycle Project), Tax-Exempt Series ("Series A Bonds") owned by PCT LLC at a price of $880 per $1,000 principal amount under a bond purchase agreement, for net proceeds of $36.9 million.

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In June 2025, we sold $300.0 million in aggregate amount (before deducting placement agent fees and other offering expenses) of Series B Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series B Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock”) to various investors, including related parties, in a private placement transaction.

In June 2025, we outlined our future growth plans to increase our installed capacity, which includes the following:

•
We announced that we will begin construction of a 130 million pound per year polypropylene recycling facility in Thailand (the "Thailand Facility"). We will be working with IRPC Public Company Limited ("IRPC") at IRPC’s eco-industrial zone in Rayong, Thailand. IRPC is an integrated petrochemical operator in Southeast Asia. Its production structure comprises petroleum and petrochemical complexes, complete with utilities and infrastructure supporting the operations, including a deep-sea port, oil depots and power plants. We intend to leverage this existing site infrastructure to reduce the costs of certain construction activities. The permitting process has begun for this site, and the Thailand Facility is expected to become operational in late 2027.

•
We also plan to construct a 130 million pound per year polypropylene recycling facility at our Antwerp, Belgium site (the "Belgium Facility"). We are currently drafting the permit application in Belgium and plan to submit our permit application with the relevant authorities (Province of Antwerp) in 2026. The Belgium Facility is projected to become operational in mid to late 2028.

•
We have modified our original plans for the facility in Augusta, Georgia (the "Augusta Facility") to build a single-line Purification facility, designed to produce 300 million pounds per year of recycled polypropylene. The design of the larger Purification facility is in process and will incorporate learnings from our Ironton Facility. The Augusta Facility is planned to be integrated with pre-processing ("PreP") and compounding assets. We expect to have the expanded Purification line at the Augusta Facility operational by 2030. It is possible that additional, scaled-up lines could be added to the Augusta Facility at a later date.

Letter of No Objection Submission and the Granting of FDA Food Packaging Clearances for Certain Feedstocks

Our FDA food-contact grade resins are, subject to certain conditions, capable of being used for all food types per the COUs listed and per all applicable regulations.

During 2025, we received additional FDA LNOs, which expand upon previous LNOs and allows our PureFive® resin to be produced under a broader range of process conditions. These broader conditions allow for greater flexibility and reduced energy usage in the Purification process. Subject to operating under these process conditions, our resin can be used in articles in contact with all types of food under FDA’s COU "A" (“high temperature heat-sterilized”) through "H" (“frozen or refrigerated storage: ready-prepared foods intended to be reheated in containers at time of use”), provided the feedstock comes from food-contact articles and complies with all applicable authorizations.

We are conducting additional testing and plan to make further LNO submissions for additional post-consumer recycled feedstock sources and expanded COUs.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

Our revenue is primarily generated from the sale of recycled and compounded polypropylene resin pellets or co-products to customers. Those sales predominantly contain a single performance obligation and revenue is recognized at the point in time when control of the product is transferred to customers, along with the title, risk of loss and rewards of ownership. Depending on the arrangement with the customer, these criteria are met either at the time the product is shipped or when the product is made available or delivered to the destination specified in the agreement with the customer. Net sales revenue is recognized on the net amount expected to be received by the Company from the customer.

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Operating Costs

Operating expenses to date have consisted mainly of personnel costs (including wages, salaries and benefits) and other costs directly related to operations at our operating facilities, including feedstock, rent, depreciation, repairs and maintenance, utilities and supplies. We expect our operating costs to increase as we continue to scale operations and increase headcount.

Research and Development Expense

Research and development expense consists primarily of costs related to the development of the Technology, the facilities and equipment that will use the Technology to purify recycled polypropylene, and the processes needed to collect, sort, and prepare feedstock for Purification. These include mainly personnel costs, depreciation for long-lived assets, third-party consulting costs, and the cost of various recycled waste. Research and development expenses include evaluation of new front-end feedstock mechanical separators to improve feedstock purity and increase the range of feedstocks we can process economically. In addition, we are increasing our in-house feedstock analytical capabilities, which will include additional supporting equipment and personnel.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

Selling, general and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel-related expenses for our corporate, executive, finance and other administrative functions and professional services, including legal, audit and accounting services. Costs attributable to the design and development of the Feed PreP and Purification facilities are capitalized and, when placed in service, depreciated over the expected useful life of the asset through selling, general and administrative expense. We expect our selling, general, and administrative expenses to increase for the foreseeable future as we scale headcount with the growth of our business and build future Purification-related facilities.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024

The following table summarizes our operating results for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","Year Ended December 31,"],["(in thousands)","","2025","","","2024","","","$ Change"],["Revenues","","$","8,355","","","$","\u2014","","","$","8,355"],["Operating expenses"],["Cost of operations","","","109,313","","","","85,762","","","","23,551"],["Research and development","","","5,925","","","","6,480","","","","(555",")"],["Selling, general and administrative","","","59,483","","","","53,140","","","","6,343"],["Write-down of long-lead equipment","","","15,070","","","","\u2014","","","","15,070"],["Total operating costs and expenses","","","189,791","","","","145,382","","","","44,409"],["Operating loss","","","(181,436",")","","","(145,382",")","","","(36,054",")"],["Other expense/(income)"],["Interest expense","","","64,446","","","","56,850","","","","7,596"],["Interest income","","","(5,860",")","","","(5,194",")","","","(666",")"],["Change in fair value of warrants","","","(61,742",")","","","71,610","","","","(133,352",")"],["Loss on extinguishment of debt","","","4,394","","","","21,214","","","","(16,820",")"],["Other income, net","","","(1,079",")","","","(647",")","","","(432",")"],["Total other expense","","","159","","","","143,833","","","","(143,674",")"],["Loss before income taxes","","","(181,595",")","","","(289,215",")","","","107,620"],["Provision/(benefit) for income taxes","","","970","","","","(79",")","","","1,049"],["Net loss","","$","(182,565",")","","$","(289,136",")","","$","106,571"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

Revenues

The Company reported approximately $8.4 million and no revenues during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company is currently in various stages of customer application trials, which is anticipated to generate revenue growth in future periods.

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Cost of Operations

Cost of operations increased approximately $23.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024. Cost of operations for the year ended December 31, 2025 included approximately $16.3 million of higher production-related costs due to the ramp-up in production that occurred during the year, a $3.7 million loss on disposal of fixed assets, and $3.1 million of higher facilities costs attributable to the opening of our Feed PreP facility in Denver, Pennsylvania in September of 2024, and the expansion of offsite storage and processing space.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses decreased approximately $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024. This decrease was primarily driven by $0.8 million of lower employee costs and $0.1 million of lower operational site costs, partially offset by $0.3 million of higher research and development activities.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased approximately $6.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024. This increase was primarily driven by $9.0 million of higher professional services and contract labor driven by preliminary planning and design work for our Thailand Facility, Belgium Facility and Augusta Facility, and $3.5 million of higher employee-related expenses, including a special equity-based compensation grant valued at $2.3 million to the Chief Executive Officer that immediately vested upon grant, partially offset by approximately $5.4 million of lower legal costs mostly as a result of settlement of outstanding cases in the prior year.

Write-down of Long-Lead Equipment

We intend to construct new polypropylene recycling facilities in Thailand and Belgium, and construct a Purification facility at our Augusta, Georgia location that we are in the process of re-designing to be a larger Purification facility that incorporates learnings from our Ironton Facility. We have undertaken an initial evaluation of certain long-lead equipment that was previously purchased for the Augusta Facility (and recorded as construction in progress) for use in the redesigned Augusta Facility, or used in the construction of the Thailand Facility or Belgium Facility, or for spare parts for our Ironton Facility. As a result of this evaluation, we recognized a $15.1 million write-down of equipment during the year ended December 31, 2025. As we continue to develop the design plans for our Planned Facilities, there potentially could be additional write-downs as we make final evaluations and determinations as to what purchased equipment will or will not be used in the construction of these facilities.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased by $7.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase in interest expense was primarily attributed to interest on the Series A Preferred Stock (as defined below) issued during the third quarter of 2024 and higher interest on our Revenue Bonds as a result of current year sales of Revenue Bonds. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in interest expense on equipment financing due to the payoff of the entire outstanding balance of the CSC equipment financing payable (as defined below) during 2025 and the payoff of the Term Loan Facility (as defined below) with Pure Plastic during 2024.

Interest Income

The interest income increase of $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024 was primarily attributable to the increase in the cash balance as a result of the proceeds from the issuance of the Series B Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock during the second quarter of 2025, partially offset by the liquidation of our available-for-sale investment portfolio earlier during 2024.

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Change in Fair Value of Warrants

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the fair value of our liability-classified warrants decreased by $61.7 million, as compared to an increase in the fair value of $71.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2024. The current year decrease is mainly driven by a decrease in the underlying value of our Common Stock, a shorter term to maturity, and fewer warrants outstanding as a result of current year warrant exercises. The prior year increase in the fair value of our liability-classified warrants was chiefly driven by an increase in the underlying price of our Common Stock, combined with an increase in the number of warrants outstanding during 2024 stemming from the issuance of the Series B Warrants and Series C Warrants.

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

During 2025, we paid off the entire outstanding balance of the CSC equipment financing payable and recorded a loss on extinguishment of approximately $4.4 million. The Company recorded a $21.2 million loss associated with the repurchase of the Revenue Bonds during 2024.

Other Income, Net

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the $1.1 million in other income was primarily comprised of a $3.4 million gain due to the decrease in the fair value of the Series A Preferred Stock put option, and a net gain from insurance proceeds of approximately $1.3 million related to settlement of the shareholder derivative lawsuit, partially offset by $4.5 million for pre-judgment interest associated with the Denham-Blythe arbitration matter as discussed in Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies to our consolidated financial statements. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the $0.6 million of other income was primarily comprised of a $1.9 million gain due to the decrease in the fair value of the Series A Preferred Stock put option, partially offset by $1.3 million of other miscellaneous expenses.

Provision/(Benefit) for Income Taxes

As an early commercial-stage company that has recognized minimal revenues and accumulated net operating losses ("NOL's"), we have historically recorded valuation allowances on our deferred tax assets, which has resulted in the net income tax impact to be inconsequential. The income tax provision of $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 was primarily the result of book-to-tax differences in the depreciable lives of fixed assets, which are not available to fully offset future attributes.

Comparison of the Years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023

Refer to Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 for the results of operations discussion for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. This comparison was immaterially impacted by certain reclassifications to conform with the report classifications for these prior periods.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our ongoing operations have primarily been funded to date by a combination of equity financing through the issuance of Common Stock and preferred stock, as well as the issuance of various debt instruments. Our current financial projections support our ability to meet our funding obligations as they become due for at least the twelve-month period from the date that these financial statements were issued. Our ability to meet our funding requirements longer term is dependent on continued improvement in operations at our Ironton Facility, the commercialization of our PureFive® resin product, and the successful construction and sale of product from our Planned Facilities. Management continues to evaluate different strategies and may pursue additional actions to further increase our liquidity position.

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The following is a summary of the components of our current liquidity. As of December 31, 2025, restricted cash consisted primarily of certain amounts required to support outstanding letters of credit and other collateral, initial construction commitments for the Augusta Facility, and bond reserves for the Ironton Facility.

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","December 31,"],["(in thousands)","","2025","","","2024"],["Cash and cash equivalents","","$","156,694","","","$","15,683"],["Letters of credit and other collateral","","","3,243","","","","6,310"],["Augusta Facility construction escrow","","","1,673","","","","16,398"],["Ironton Facility bond reserves","","","6,424","","","","3,120"],["Restricted cash (current and noncurrent)","","","11,340","","","","25,828"],["Green Convertible Notes","","","250,000","","","","250,000"],["Revenue Bonds","","","150,210","","","","118,630"],["Equipment financing payable and other debt","","","6,746","","","","31,491"],["Less: discount and issuance costs","","","(43,242",")","","","(53,477",")"],["Gross long-term debt and related party bonds payable","","$","363,714","","","$","346,644"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

As of December 31, 2025, we had approximately $156.7 million of cash and cash equivalents, which consists primarily of investments in money markets and U.S. treasuries with original maturities of three months or less, as well as approximately $11.3 million of restricted cash. We also have a $200.0 million revolving credit facility (“Revolving Credit Facility”) with Sylebra that is undrawn and expires on September 30, 2027. On November 4, 2025, we entered into the Tenth Amendment to the Revolving Credit Agreement, which extended the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility from September 30, 2026 to September 30, 2027 and added a clause regarding the potential redemption of Series A Preferred Stock whereby if, on or prior to March 17, 2026, sufficient proceeds are received from the exercise of Series A Warrants (as described below) and the Board approves, then we shall redeem in full the Series A Preferred Stock.

As an early commercial-stage company with minimal revenues and negative operating cash flow, we have been dependent on raising capital to fund operations.

During 2025, we completed various capital raises to fund operations and future capital requirements for facilities expansion, as described below:

▪
In February 2025, we sold 4,091,293 shares of our Common Stock at a price of $8.0655 per share. The gross proceeds from the Offering were approximately $33.0 million before deducting fees and other estimated offering expenses.

▪
Throughout 2025, we sold $41.9 million in aggregate par amount of Series A Bonds owned by PCT LLC at a price of $880 per $1,000 principal amount under a bond purchase agreement for net proceeds of $36.9 million.

▪
In June 2025, we sold $300.0 million in aggregate amount (before deducting placement agent fees and other offering expenses) of Series B Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series B Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock”), to various investors, including related parties, in a private placement transaction.

Future expansion is dependent, in part, on successful completion of additional capital raise and/or project financing.

The Series B Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock funding has led management to conclude that the previously disclosed substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a twelve-month period following the date that these financial statements were available to be issued is no longer present. Our current financial projections support our ability to meet our obligations as they become due for at least one year from the issuance of the financial statements.

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Our ability to continue as a going concern longer term is dependent on continued improvement in operations at the Ironton Facility, which is the first commercial-scale recycling facility, the commercialization of our PureFive® resin product, and the successful construction and sale of product from our planned future Augusta, Thailand and Belgium Facilities. We continue to evaluate different strategies and may pursue additional actions to further increase our liquidity position.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the funding and construction schedule of the Thailand, Belgium and Augusta Facilities, build-out of additional Feed PreP facilities, funding needs to support other business opportunities, funding for general corporate purposes, debt service, and other challenges or unforeseen circumstances.

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors. We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements or interests in variable interest entities that would require consolidation. While certain legally-binding offtake arrangements have been entered into with customers, these arrangements do not qualify as off-balance sheet arrangements required for disclosure.

See Note 10 - Long-Term Debt and Bonds Payable to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of debt obligations.

Cash Flows

Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024

A summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated is as follows:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","Year Ended December 31,"],["(in thousands)","","2025","","","2024","","","$ Change"],["Net cash used in operating activities","","$","(142,740",")","","$","(144,826",")","","$","2,086"],["Net cash used in investing activities","","","(54,468",")","","","(7,009",")","","","(47,459",")"],["Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities","","","323,731","","","","(109,168",")","","","432,899"],["Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash","","","126,523","","","","(261,003",")","","","387,526"],["Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period","","","41,511","","","","302,514","","","","(261,003",")"],["Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period","","$","168,034","","","$","41,511","","","$","126,523"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

The $2.1 million decrease in net cash used in operating activities for the year ending December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 was primarily attributable to lower cash interest payments during the year, partially offset by a net increase in higher operating costs and changes in working capital.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

The $47.5 million increase in net cash used in investing activities for the year ending December 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 was attributable to $79.2 million in maturities and sales of investments during 2024 with no corresponding similar activity during 2025, partially offset by $17.0 million lower purchases of debt securities and $14.7 million lower capital expenditures. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the funding and construction schedule of the Thailand, Belgium and Augusta Facilities and build-out of additional Feed PreP facilities.

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Cash Flows from Financing Activities

We reported net cash provided by financing activities of approximately $323.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to net cash used in financing activities of approximately $109.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2025 was primarily comprised of $300.0 million of proceeds from the issuance of the Series B Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock during the second quarter of 2025, $33.5 million of proceeds from the issuance of our Common Stock, $36.9 million of proceeds from the sale of Revenue Bonds, $14.9 million in proceeds on draws on our Revolving Credit Facility and a short-term borrowing from a related party, and $6.6 million in proceeds from the exercise of the RTI Global Warrants, Series A Warrants and private warrants during 2025. These cash inflows were partially offset by $28.7 million in payments on equipment financing leases, including the payoff of the entire outstanding balance of the CSC equipment financing payable, $14.9 million in payments on our Revolving Credit Facility and a short-term borrowing from a related party, $10.4 million in payments on related party revenue bonds, $8.7 million in debt and preferred stock issuance costs paid, $4.9 million in payments to repurchase shares, and $0.5 million in net payments on other financing activities.

Cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 was mainly comprised of $253.2 million paid to purchase the outstanding Revenue Bonds during 2024, $5.5 million in payments on equipment financing, $1.6 million in payments to repurchase shares of our Common Stock, $1.1 million in debt issuance costs paid, and $1.0 million payments on related party revenue bonds. These outflows were partially offset by $48.0 million of proceeds from the sale of Revenue Bonds, $38.2 million of proceeds from the issuance of our Common Stock, $30.1 million of proceeds from the issuance of warrants, $21.8 million in proceeds from the issuance of our Series A Preferred Stock, $12.9 million of proceeds from equipment lease financing and $2.3 million in other financing activities.

Comparison of the Years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023

Refer to Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 for the cash flows discussion for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date, as well as the reported expenses incurred during the reporting period. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to our financial statements.

We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates.

Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Going Concern

We assess our ability to continue as a going concern in accordance with ASC 205-40 - Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern. In assessing going concern, management evaluates conditions and events that may raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued. In making our assessment, we must make significant estimates regarding projecting the timing and amount of our future cash funding and expenditures, our ability to obtain or retain financing and/or funding, variability in our spending commitments, and the impact of market factors to our forecasts.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern. See Note 3 - Liquidity and Going Concern in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Long-Lived Assets Impairment Assessment

We evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets when events and circumstances indicate that the assets may be impaired and the undiscounted net cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than their carrying value. If the net carrying value exceeds the fair value, an impairment loss exists and is calculated as the amount by which the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group exceeds its fair value.

The assessment of impairment indicators and the recoverability of our capitalized assets require significant judgment including management's best estimates of the expected future cash flows and the estimated useful lives of the asset group. These estimates are sensitive to changes in underlying assumptions such as future commodity prices, margins on future resin sales, production rates, operating expenses, including repairs and maintenance, and capital expenditures. As a result, there can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions made for purposes of our impairment determination will prove to be an accurate prediction of the future. See Note 7 - Property, Plant and Equipment in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Warrants

Significant estimates and judgments are involved in the valuation of our liability-classified warrants and the underlying fair value assumptions. Although these estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions that we may undertake in the future, actual results may be different from these estimates.

We measure warrants at the fair value of the equity instruments issued as of the warrant issuance date. In the event that the terms of the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity classification, we account for the instrument as a liability. The liability is recorded at fair value and at each reporting period, and the change in the fair value is recognized in earnings. The valuation includes key assumptions such as expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected term and dividend yield. These assumptions require management judgment and can materially impact the valuation. For further information, see Note 16 - Warrants and Note 17 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about significant accounting policies and recent accounting pronouncements.

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