Orion Group Holdings Inc (ORN) Risk Factors

Item 1A.        RISK FACTORS

We operate in a changing environment that involves numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. The risks described below highlight the known factors that have affected and could affect us in the future. We may also be affected by unknown risks or risks that we currently think are immaterial. If any such events actually occur, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Risk Factors Relating to Our Business

We may be unable to obtain sufficient bonding capacity for our contracts and the need for performance and surety bonds may adversely affect our business.

As more fully described in “Insurance and bonding” under “Item 1. Business,” we are generally required to post bonds or other security in connection with government and certain private sector contracts to ensure job completion. We have entered into bonding agreements with several large multinational surety companies, which act as surety, issue bid bonds, performance bonds and payment bonds, and obligate themselves upon other contracts of guaranty required by us in the day-to-day operations of our business. However, our sureties are not obligated under the bonding agreements to issue bonds for us, and bonding decisions are made on a case-by-case basis. We are bidding on increasingly complex, larger jobs for customers who require significant bonds. We may not be able to maintain a sufficient level of bonding capacity in the future which could preclude us from being able to bid for certain contracts and successfully contract with certain customers. In addition, the conditions of the bonding market may change, increasing our costs of bonding or restricting our ability to get new bonding, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

We rely on highly competitive and highly regulated government contracts.

Government funding for public works projects is limited, thus creating a highly competitive environment for the limited number of public projects available. Reduced levels of, or delays in, government funding cause delays in project lettings and result in intense competition and pricing pressure for such projects. In addition, government contracts are subject to specific procurement regulations, contract provisions and a variety of regulatory requirements relating to their formation,

12

Table of Contents

administration, performance and accounting. Many of these contracts include express or implied certifications of compliance with applicable laws and contract provisions. Any violations of these regulations could bring about litigation, including the possibility of qui tam (“whistleblower”) litigation brought by private individuals on behalf of the government under the Federal Civil False Claims Act, and could cause termination of other existing government contracts and result in the loss of future government contracts. Due to the significant competition in the marketplace and the level of regulations on government contracts, we could suffer reductions in new projects and see lower revenues and profit margins on those projects, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

Our operations are susceptible to a variety of adverse conditions including weather conditions, natural disasters, health epidemics or pandemics or other contagious outbreaks and terrorist attacks that could negatively impact the markets in which we operate.

Our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected by severe weather and other natural disasters, such as earthquakes, flooding or hurricanes, particularly along the Gulf Coast, the West Coast, the Atlantic Seaboard, and the Caribbean Basin. Repercussions of severe weather conditions could cause significant interruption of projects in process and have safety implications to personnel at those sites.

Our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected if a public health epidemic or pandemic or other contagious outbreak interferes with our ability, or that of our employees, contractors, suppliers, customers and other business partners to perform our and their respective responsibilities and obligations relative to the conduct of our business.

​

Terrorist attacks, targeted at ports, marine facilities, shipping or metropolitan areas could affect the markets in which we operate our business and our expectations. Increased armed hostilities, terrorist attacks or responses from the United States may lead to further acts of terrorism and civil disturbances in the United States or elsewhere, which may further contribute to economic instability in the United States. These attacks or armed conflicts may affect our operations or those of our customers or suppliers and could impact our revenues, our production capability and our ability to complete contracts in a timely manner.

​

Demand for our services may decrease due to economic recession or a reduction of demand in end markets of our customers.

Our concrete segment depends on continued growth in population in our geographic market areas in Texas and most recently in Florida to support commercial development. A growing population generates economic growth and expansion. If the population decreases or slows in growth, it may adversely affect economic growth and ultimately limit the need for construction services in the areas we currently perform services.

Moreover, even when the underlying economic fundamentals that ordinarily drive the level of construction activity are strong, the level of economic activity in such markets may be suppressed.

Our marine segment depends on continued investment in and scheduled funding of port and marine infrastructure by federal, state, and local governmental authorities, as well as privately owned companies, which in turn may depend upon demand for marine vessels, including cruise ships and cargo ships, and other port-related activities. If funding is diverted from port and marine infrastructure, including due to a reduced demand in the vessels to be serviced at those facilities, the demand for services within our marine segment may decrease.

​

13

Table of Contents

Fluctuations in commodity prices or interest rates may affect our customers’ investment decisions and therefore subject us to risks of cancellation, delays in existing work, or changes in the timing and funding of new awards. Additionally, fluctuations in commodity prices can negatively affect our project costs.

​

Interest rates may affect the cost of financing for our customers’ capital projects and investments. These increased costs may affect their capacity and willingness to undertake new investments, and may result in the delay or cancellation of projects they would otherwise undertake.

​

Commodity prices can affect our customers in a number of ways. For example, for those customers that produce commodity products such as oil, gas, concrete, or steel products, fluctuations in price can have a direct effect on their profitability and cash flow and, therefore, their willingness to continue to invest or make new capital investments. To the extent commodity prices decline or fluctuate and our customers defer new investments or cancel or delay existing projects, the demand for our services decreases, which may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

​

Commodity prices can also strongly affect the costs of projects. We use concrete and steel as well as diesel fuel and other petroleum-based products to operate our equipment used in our construction contracts. Fluctuations in supplies relative to demand and other factors can cause unanticipated increases in their cost. Rising commodity prices can negatively impact the potential returns on projects that are planned, as well as those in progress, and result in customers deferring new investments or canceling or delaying existing projects. The short-term nature of the majority of our projects typically protects us from these potential price increases, however, if we are unable to procure commodities for completion of our projects at estimated prices due to rising commodity prices, our margins may erode on certain in progress or future projects.

Our business depends on good customer relationships and our reputation in both the marine and concrete infrastructure markets, which is developed and maintained by our executives and key project managers. Loss of any of our relationships, reputation or executives or key project managers could materially reduce our revenues and profits.

Although we have master service agreements with numerous customers that generally define the contractual terms under which we would perform awarded work, contractual commitments are typically entered into on a project-by-project basis, so we generally do not have continuing contractual commitments with our customers beyond the terms of the current contract. We benefit from key customer relationships built over time and with both public and private entities. We also benefit from our reputation in the marine and concrete construction markets developed over years of successfully performing on projects. Both of these aspects of our business were developed and are maintained by our executives and key project managers. Our inability to retain our executives and key project managers or inability to complete projects timely and successfully resulting in customer satisfaction could have a material adverse effect on our current customer relationships and reputation. The inability to maintain relationships with our customers in general or obtain new customers based on our reputation could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

We may not be able to fully realize the revenue value reported in our backlog.

As of December 31, 2025, we had a backlog of work to be completed on contracts totaling approximately $480 million in our marine segment and approximately $160 million in our concrete segment. Backlog includes new awards, which represent the potential revenue value realizable pursuant to new project commitments received by us during a given period.

Backlog consists of awarded projects that have either (a) not yet been started or (b) are in progress but are not yet complete. In the latter case, the revenue value reported in backlog is the remaining value related to work that has not yet been completed. We cannot guarantee that the revenue projected in our backlog will be realized, or if realized, will result in earnings. From time-to-time, projects are cancelled that appeared to have a high certainty of going forward at the time they were recorded as new awards. In the event of a project cancellation, we may be reimbursed for certain costs but typically have no contractual right to recover the total revenue reflected in our backlog. In addition to being unable to recover certain direct costs, cancelled projects may also result in additional unrecoverable costs due to the resulting under-utilization of our assets or labor force.

14

Table of Contents

We could suffer contract losses if we fail to accurately estimate our costs or fail to execute within our cost estimates on fixed-price, lump-sum contracts.

Much of our revenue is derived from fixed-price, lump-sum contracts. Under these contracts, we perform our services and execute our projects at a fixed price and where, as a result, we could benefit from cost savings, but we may be unable to recover any cost overruns. Fixed-price contracts carry inherent risks, including risks of losses from underestimating costs, operational difficulties and other factors that may occur over the contract period. If our cost estimates for a contract are inaccurate, or if we do not execute the contract within our cost estimates, we may incur losses or the project may not be as profitable as we expected. In addition, we are sometimes required to incur costs in connection with modifications to a contract (change orders) that may not be approved by the customer as to scope and/or price, or to incur unanticipated costs, including costs for customer-caused delays, errors in specifications or designs, or contract suspension or termination that we may not be able to recover. These, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. The revenue, cost and gross profit realized on such contracts can vary, sometimes substantially, from the original projections due to changes in a variety of factors, such as:

These risks may increase if the project is of a long-term duration because of the elevated risk that the circumstances that we based our original bid will change in a manner that increases costs. In addition, we sometimes bear the risk of delays caused by unexpected conditions or events.

We could suffer penalties on our contracts for late completion.

In many instances, including in our fixed-price contracts, we guarantee that we will complete a project by a scheduled date. If we subsequently fail to complete the project as scheduled, without sufficient justification, we may be liable for any customer losses resulting from such delay, generally in the form of contractually agreed-upon liquidated damages. In addition, failure to maintain a required schedule could cause us to default on our government contracts, giving rise to a variety of potential damages. To the extent that these events occur, the total costs of the project could exceed our original estimates, and we could experience reduced profits or, in some cases, a loss for that project.

Our projects could be hindered due to our dependence on third parties to complete many of our contracts.

A portion of the work performed under our contracts is performed by third-party subcontractors we hire. We also rely on third-party equipment manufacturers or suppliers to provide much of the materials used for projects. If we are unable to hire qualified subcontractors or find qualified equipment manufacturers or suppliers, our ability to successfully complete a project could be impaired. If we are not able to locate or engage qualified third-party subcontractors or the amount we are required to pay for subcontractors or equipment and supplies exceeds what we have estimated, especially in a lump-sum or a fixed-price contract, we may suffer losses on these contracts. If a subcontractor, supplier, or manufacturer fails to provide services, supplies or equipment as required under a contract for any reason, we may be required to source these services, equipment or supplies to other third parties on a delayed basis or on less favorable terms, which could impact contract profitability. There is a risk that we may have disputes with our subcontractors relating to, among other things, the quality and timeliness of work performed, customer concerns about the subcontractor, or our failure to extend existing

15

Table of Contents

task orders or issue new task orders under a contract. In addition, faulty workmanship, equipment or materials could impact the overall project, resulting in claims against us for failure to meet required project specifications.

We may incur higher costs to acquire, manufacture and maintain equipment necessary for our operations.

We  do not bid on contracts for which we do not have, or cannot quickly procure, whether through construction, acquisition or lease, the necessary equipment to complete projects. We are capable of building much of the specialized equipment used in our projects, including dayboats, tenders and dredges. To the extent that we are unable to buy or build equipment necessary for our needs, either due to a lack of available funding or equipment shortages in the marketplace, we may be forced to rent equipment on a short-term basis, which could increase the costs of completing contracts, thereby reducing contract profitability. In addition, our equipment requires continuous maintenance, which we primarily provide through our own repair facilities, as well as certification by the U.S. Coast Guard for certain marine segment assets. If we are unable to continue to maintain the equipment in our fleet or are unable to obtain the requisite certifications, we may be forced to obtain third-party repair services, be unable to use our uncertified equipment or be unable to bid on contracts, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

In addition, our vessels in the marine segment may be subject to arrest or seizure by claimants as security for maritime torts committed by the vessel or us, a breach of a fleet mortgage secured by the vessel, or the failure by us to pay for necessities, including fuel and repair services, which were furnished to the vessel. Such arrest or seizure could preclude the vessel from working, thereby causing delays in marine segment projects.

Our business is subject to significant operating risks and hazards that could result in damage or destruction to property, injuries or loss of life, which could result in losses or liabilities to us.

Construction and maintenance sites are potentially dangerous workplaces and often put our employees and others in close proximity with mechanized equipment, moving vehicles, or other construction or worksite hazards. On most sites, we are responsible for safety and are contractually obligated to implement safety procedures. Our safety record is an important consideration for us and for our customers. If serious accidents or fatalities occur or our safety record deteriorates, we may be excluded from bidding on certain work, expose ourselves to possible lawsuits, and existing service arrangements could be terminated, thus having a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity. Further, regulatory changes implemented by OSHA or the U.S. Coast Guard could impose additional costs on us. Adverse experience with hazards and claims could have a negative effect on our reputation with our existing or potential new customers and our prospects for future work.

The businesses of marine infrastructure construction, port maintenance, dredging and salvage are generally subject to a number of risks and hazards, including environmental hazards, industrial accidents, hurricanes, adverse weather conditions, collisions with fixed objects, cave-ins, encountering unusual or unexpected geological formations, disruption of transportation services and flooding. These risks could result in damage to, destruction or loss of, dredges, transportation vessels, other maritime structures and buildings, and could also result in personal injury or death, environmental damage, performance delays, monetary losses or legal liability.

In the concrete segment, our workers are subject to the usual hazards associated with providing construction and related services on construction sites including environmental hazards, industrial accidents, hurricanes, adverse weather conditions, and flooding. Operating hazards can cause personal injury or death, damage to or destruction of property, plant and equipment, environmental damage, performance delays, monetary losses or legal liability.

Our marine segment operates in jurisdictions outside of the U.S. and we intend to continue expanding our operations to more jurisdictions outside of the U.S.

​

Our marine segment, which accounted for 63.9%, 65.5% and 55.6% of our contract revenues for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively, has a significant portion of those operations performed outside of the U.S. For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, our international operations generated approximately 4.9%, 7.4% and 5.1% of our contract revenues, respectively. The Bahamas represented our largest international market outside of the U.S., with our Bahamian operations representing 4.9% and 7.4% of our contract revenues for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, including 14.2% and 1.8% of our unrestricted total cash balance at December 31, 2025 and 2024,

16

Table of Contents

respectively. In addition, we intend to expand our operations to other areas outside the U.S. in the future. International operations are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could negatively impact our results from operations, including:

​

​

Our current insurance coverage may not be adequate, and we may not be able to obtain insurance at acceptable rates, or at all.

​

We maintain various insurance policies, including general liability and workers’ compensation. We are partially self-insured under some of our policies, and our insurance does not cover all types or amounts of liabilities. We are not required to, and do not, specifically set aside funds for our self-insurance programs.

At any given time, we are subject to multiple workers’ compensation and personal injury claims. We maintain substantial loss accruals for workers’ compensation claims, and, until recently, our workers’ compensation and insurance costs have been rising for several years notwithstanding our emphasis on safety. Our insurance policies may not be adequate to protect us from liabilities that we incur in our business. In addition, some of the projects that we bid on require us to maintain high levels of builder’s risk insurance. We may not be able to obtain similar levels of insurance on reasonable terms, or at all. Our inability to obtain such insurance coverage at acceptable rates or at all could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

Furthermore, due to a variety of factors such as increases in claims, the rise of “nuclear verdicts” in some of the jurisdictions in which we operate and projected significant increases in medical costs, our insurance premiums may increase in the future and we may not be able to obtain similar levels of insurance on reasonable terms, or at all. Any such inadequacy of, or inability to obtain, insurance coverage at acceptable rates, or at all, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

Insurance liabilities are difficult to assess and quantify due to unknown factors, including the severity of an injury, the determination of our liability in proportion to other parties, the number of incidents not reported and the effectiveness of our safety program. If we were to experience insurance claims or costs above our estimates, we might be required to use working capital to satisfy these costs rather than to maintain or expand our operations. To the extent that we experience a material increase in the frequency or severity of accidents or workers’ compensation and health claims, or unfavorable developments on existing claims, our operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

17

Table of Contents

Our operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations that may expose us to significant costs and liabilities.

Our marine infrastructure construction, salvage, demolition, dredging and dredge material disposal activities are subject to stringent and complex federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, including those concerning air emissions, water quality, solid waste management, and protection of certain marine and bird species, their habitats, and wetlands. We may incur substantial costs in order to conduct our operations in compliance with these laws and regulations. For instance, we may be required to obtain, maintain and comply with permits and other approvals (as well as those obtained for projects by our customers) issued by various federal, state and local governmental authorities; limit or prevent releases of materials from our operations in accordance with these permits and approvals; and install pollution control equipment. In addition, compliance with environmental laws and regulations can delay or prevent our performance of a particular project and increase related project costs. Moreover, new, stricter environmental laws, regulations or enforcement policies, including those imposed in response to climate change, could be implemented that significantly increase our compliance costs, or require us to adopt more costly methods of operation.

Failure to comply with environmental laws and regulations, or the permits issued under them, may result in the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, the imposition of remedial obligations and the issuance of injunctions limiting or preventing some or all of our operations. In addition, strict joint and several liability may be imposed under certain environmental laws, which could cause us to become liable for the investigation or remediation of environmental contamination that resulted from the conduct of others or from our own actions that were in compliance with all applicable laws at the time those actions were taken. Further, it is possible that we may be exposed to liability due to releases of pollutants, or other environmental impacts that may arise in the course of our operations. For instance, some of the work we perform is in underground and water environments, and if the field location maps or waterway charts supplied to us are not accurate, or if objects are present in the soil or water that are not indicated on the field location maps or waterway charts, our underground and underwater work could strike objects in the soil or the waterway bottom containing pollutants and result in a rupture and discharge of pollutants. In addition, we sometimes perform directional drilling operations below certain environmentally sensitive terrains and water bodies, and due to the inconsistent nature of the terrain and water bodies, it is possible that such directional drilling may cause a surface fracture releasing subsurface materials. These releases may contain contaminants in excess of amounts permitted by law, may expose us to remediation costs and fines and legal actions by private parties seeking damages for non-compliance with environmental laws and regulations or for personal injury or property damage. We may not be able to recover some or any of these costs through insurance or increased revenues, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. See “Item 1. Business – Environmental Matters” for more information.

Our concrete segment is subject to extensive and complex regulations that affect land development and building construction, including zoning, density restrictions, building design and building standards. These regulations often provide broad discretion to the administering governmental authorities as to the conditions we must meet prior to development or construction being approved, if approved at all. We are subject to determinations by these authorities as to the adequacy of water or sewage facilities. New building developments may also be subject to various assessments for schools and other public improvements. In addition, in many markets, government authorities have implemented no growth or growth control initiatives. Any of these can limit, delay or increase the costs of development and construction.

The anticipated investment in port and marine infrastructure may not be as large as expected, which may result in periods of low demand for our marine construction services.

The demand for port construction, maintenance infrastructure services and dredging may be vulnerable to downturns in the economy generally and in the marine transportation industry specifically. The amount of capital expenditures on port facilities and marine infrastructure in our markets is affected by the actual and anticipated shipping and vessel needs of the economy in general and in our geographic markets in particular. If the general level of economic activity deteriorates, our customers may delay or cancel expansions, upgrades, maintenance and repairs to their infrastructure. A number of other factors, including the financial condition of the shipping industry, could adversely affect our customers and their ability or willingness to fund capital expenditures in the future. During downturns in the U.S. or world economies, the anticipated port usage in our geographic markets may decline, resulting in less port construction, upgrading and maintenance. As a result, demand for our services could substantially decline for extended periods.

18

Table of Contents

Restrictions on foreign ownership of our vessels could limit our ability to sell off any portion of our marine construction segment or result in the forfeiture of our vessels or in our inability to continue our operations in United States navigable waters.

The Foreign Dredge Act of 1906, the Merchant Marine Act of 1920 (the “Jones Act”) and the Vessel Documentation Act require vessels engaged in the transport of merchandise or passengers between two points in the United States or dredging in the navigable waters of the United States to be owned and controlled by United States citizens. The United States citizen ownership and control standards require the vessel-owning entity to be at least 75% U.S. citizen-owned, thus restricting foreign ownership interests in the entities that directly or indirectly own the coastwise-qualified vessels we operate. If we were to seek to sell any portion of our marine segment that owns any of these vessels, we may have fewer potential purchasers, since some potential purchasers might be unable or unwilling to satisfy the foreign ownership restrictions described above; additionally, any sales of certain of our larger vessels to foreign buyers would be subject to approval by the U.S. Maritime Administration. As a result, the sales price for that portion of our marine segment may not attain the amount that could be obtained in an unregulated market.

Our concrete segment is geographically concentrated in Texas.

​

Our concrete segment, which accounted for 36.1%, 34.5% and 44.4% of our contract revenues for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively, is concentrated in the metropolitan areas of the State of Texas, particularly Houston and Dallas. Given this concentration, general economic conditions, regulatory changes, changes in demographics, material costs, labor conditions, competition and other conditions that affect those metropolitan areas or the State of Texas may have a disproportionate impact on the performance of our concrete segment. In addition, our operations in Texas may make us more susceptible to natural disasters, including hurricanes, tornadoes and flooding.

​

A significant portion of our revenues may be concentrated among a small number of projects.

​

From time to time in any given period, a significant percentage of our revenues may be attributable to a limited number of contracts, customers or projects. A reduction in scale, a delay in scheduled work, the completion or termination of a material contract, or the loss of a major customer could negatively impact our reputation and could have an adverse effect on our business, our revenue and results of operations. Furthermore, even if the ultimate amount of our contract revenue attributable to a particular project remains the same, delays in scheduled work may impact the timing of the recognition of our contract revenues and profits. In addition, in many cases, we work as a subcontractor or among a team of contractors. Our ability to timely execute on our work is often affected by scheduling changes or contract performance by our co-contractors, all of which are outside of our control.

​

For example, our Pearl Harbor Project for the United States Navy, our portion of which totals approximately $463.9 million, and our design-build contract for the Grand Bahama Shipyard totaling approximately $125.9 million may concentrate our revenues. To the extent we are unable to perform our services or experience any delays in the Pearl Harbor Project, the Grand Bahama Shipyard or any other significant project, anticipated revenue or profits associated with that project may not be realized or may otherwise shift into future periods, which may impact the accuracy of our guidance. Furthermore, if we are unable to replace projects like the Pearl Harbor Project or the Grand Bahama Shipyard upon completion of those projects, our revenue and profitability may be lower in future years.

​

The timing and funding of new contracts may result in volatility in our cash flow and profitability. These factors, as well as others that may cause our actual financial results to vary from any publicly disclosed earnings guidance and forecasts, are outside of our control.

​

Our revenues are generated from project-based work. It is generally very difficult to predict the timing and source of awarded contracts, and the timing of revenue under awarded contracts. The selection of, timing of, or failure to obtain projects, delays in awards of projects, the rebidding or termination of projects due to budget overruns, or the cancellations of projects or delays in completion of contracts could result in the under-utilization of our assets and reduce our cash flows and profitability, or cause revenues to be shifted further into the future. Even if we are awarded contracts, we face additional risks that could affect whether, or when, work will begin. For example, some of our contracts are subject to financing and other contingencies that may delay or result in termination of projects. This may make it difficult to match

19

Table of Contents

workforce size and equipment location with contract needs. In some cases, we may be required to bear the cost of a readily available workforce and fleet of equipment that is larger than needed at the time, resulting in unpredictability in our cash flow, expenses and profitability. If an expected contract award or the related notice to proceed is delayed or not received, we could incur substantial costs without receipt of any corresponding revenues, or the revenues could appear in periods later than expected. Delays by our customers in obtaining required approvals and permits for their infrastructure projects may delay their awarding contracts for those projects and once awarded, the ability to commence construction under those contracts. Moreover, construction projects for which our services are contracted may require significant expenditures by us prior to receipt of relevant payments by a customer and may expose us to potential credit risk if such customer should encounter financial difficulties. Such expenditures could reduce our cash flows and necessitate increased borrowings under our UMB Credit Agreement (as defined below). In addition, a change in the timing of a construction project may impact future revenue. If a project is delayed, revenue that we expect to receive may appear in periods later than we initially expected, which may impact the accuracy of our guidance. Finally, the winding down or completion of work on significant projects that were active in previous periods will reduce our revenue and earnings if such significant projects have not been replaced in the current period. From time to time, we may publicly provide earnings or other forms of guidance, which reflect our predictions about future revenue, operating costs and capital structure, among other factors. Any such predictions may be impacted by these factors as well as others that are beyond our control and might not turn out to be accurate.

​

We may not be able to enter into contracts associated with our pipeline of opportunities, or realize any revenue associated with our pipeline of opportunities.

​

As of December 31, 2025, we had a pipeline of opportunities of approximately $22 billion. We define our pipeline of opportunities as specific projects that we have identified and are tracking as projects of interest.

​

Our pipeline of opportunities does not represent binding contracts with third parties. Before we can capitalize on our pipeline of opportunities, we would have to enter into contracts with third parties, or otherwise be selected to perform services, for the particular project identified in our pipeline of opportunities. We cannot provide any assurance that we will ultimately enter into a contract with a third party or provide services with respect to any particular opportunity. We may be unable to enter into contracts or perform services associated with an opportunity for a variety of reasons, including being outbid, not having the ability to satisfy customer or contract requirements, resource constraints, or bonding requirements. Even if we enter into a contract associated with an opportunity, it may be for a contract amount that is lower than the amount we estimated and included in our pipeline.

​

Furthermore, even if we are ultimately awarded contracts in our pipeline of opportunities, we cannot guarantee that the revenue associated with those projects will be realized, or if realized, will result in positive earnings. Further, such contracts would become subject to the typical risks associated with our projects, such as execution risk, counter-party risk, delays, cancellations, cost-overruns, weather conditions, natural disasters, health epidemics, and cybersecurity incidents, among others.

​

We conduct a portion of our operations through joint ventures, exposing us to risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside of our control.

​

We conduct a portion of our operations through project-specific joint ventures, pursuant to which we jointly bid on and execute projects with other companies in the construction industry. For example, we are a joint venture partner to Kraemer North America for the Deschutes Estuary Restoration Project. We may in the future enter into additional joint ventures.

​

These joint ventures expose us to risks and uncertainties. Success on joint venture projects depends in part on whether our joint venture partners satisfy their obligations, and we cannot control the actions of our joint venture partners. Differences in views among joint venture partners may result in delayed decisions or failures to agree on major issues. If our joint venture partners, or as a result the joint venture, fails to satisfy its obligations, the customer may terminate the project, which could result in legal liability to us, harm to our reputation and reduce our revenues and profit for a project. If our reputation as a joint venture partner is harmed, it may be difficult for us to enter into new joint venture arrangements which are increasingly required due to the increased size and scale of projects we are bidding on and expect to bid on in the future.

20

Table of Contents

​

We and our joint venture partners are also generally jointly and severally liable for all liabilities and obligations of the joint venture. If our partners do not meet their contractual obligations, the joint venture may be unable to adequately perform and deliver its contracted services, requiring us to make additional investments or perform additional services to the customer. While we attempt to mitigate that risk through indemnification and subcontractor arrangements, we could ultimately be liable for both our obligations and those of our partners, which may result in reduced profits, significant losses on the project and a negative impact to our cash flows.

​

In some joint ventures and similar arrangements, we may not be the controlling member. In these cases, we may have limited control over the actions of the joint venture. In addition, joint ventures or similar arrangements may not be subject to the same requirements regarding internal controls and internal control over financial reporting that we follow. To the extent the controlling member makes decisions that negatively impact the joint venture or arrangement or internal control problems arise within the joint venture or arrangement, it could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

​

Acquisitions and mergers may disrupt our business, and integrating acquired companies may be more difficult, costly, or time-consuming than we expect.

​

Our growth strategy includes, among other things, acquisitions and vertical integrations. For example, on February 3, 2026, we completed the acquisition of JEM. Our acquisition activities could be material to our business and involve a number of significant risks, including the following:

​

​

The economic benefits expected to result from acquisitions might not occur or may be less than we expect. As with any acquisition, there also may be business disruptions that cause us to lose customers. Failure to successfully identify, acquire and integrate businesses could have an adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition, and ability to implement our strategy.

​

Our financial performance will be negatively impacted if we are unable to execute our growth strategy.

​

Our current growth strategy is to pursue growth through greenfield expansion, acquisitions, vertical integration and diversification. Our ability to grow organically through greenfield expansion depends on our ability to identify, bid upon, win and perform new and additional projects, and we may not be successful in those endeavors. Our ability to grow organically further depends on our ability to recruit and retain qualified personnel, to fund growth at a reasonable cost, access to sufficient capital resources, competitive factors, and changes in laws and regulations. If we grow too quickly, whether organically or through acquisitions, we may be unable to control costs and maintain our operational standards and such growth could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

​

21

Table of Contents

Risk Factors Relating to Our Employees

If we fail to attract, retain and engage appropriately qualified employees, including employees in key positions, our operations and profitability may be harmed. In addition, changes in market compensation rates may adversely affect our profitability.

​

Our performance is highly dependent on attracting, retaining and engaging appropriately qualified employees in our field and corporate offices. Our strategy of offering high-quality services and products for our customers requires a highly trained and engaged workforce. The turnover rate in the specialty construction industry is relatively high, and there is an ongoing need to recruit and train new employees. Factors that affect our ability to maintain sufficient numbers of qualified employees include, for example, employee engagement, our reputation, unemployment rates, competition from other employers, availability of qualified personnel and our ability to offer appropriate compensation and benefit packages. Failure to recruit or retain qualified employees in the future may impair our efficiency and effectiveness and our ability to pursue growth opportunities. In addition, a significant amount of turnover of our executive team or other employees in key positions with specific knowledge relating to us, our operations and our industry may negatively impact our operations.

​

We operate in a competitive labor market and there is a risk that market increases in compensation and employer-provided benefits could have a material adverse effect on our profitability. We may also be subject to continued market pressure to increase employee hourly wage rates and increased cost pressure on employer-provided benefits. Our need to implement corresponding adjustments within our labor model and compensation and benefit packages could have a material adverse impact to the profitability of our business.

We may be subject to unionization, work stoppages, slowdowns or increased labor costs.

On February 4, 2022, President Biden issued Executive Order 14063, and on December 22, 2023 the Federal Acquisition Regulatory Council issued a final rule (effective January 22, 2024) that generally requires federal agencies, subject to specified exceptions, to include project labor agreement (“PLA”) requirements on certain federal construction projects estimated to cost the U.S. Government at least $35 million (and permits agencies, in certain circumstances, to require PLAs below that threshold). Although aspects of the PLA mandate have been challenged in litigation, including a January 21, 2025 decision of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims in a bid protest context, the rule has not been blocked nationwide, and agencies may continue to include PLA requirements in solicitations. If we (or our subcontractors) are required to enter into a PLA on a federal project, we could incur higher labor and compliance costs, face staffing/subcontracting constraints, or experience labor-related disruptions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

Only a small percentage of our marine segment workforce, located in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, is currently unionized. If at any time, a majority of our employees unionized, it could limit the flexibility of the workforce and could result in demands that might increase our operating expenses and adversely affect our profitability. Each of our different employee groups could unionize at any time and would require separate collective bargaining agreements. If any group of our employees were to unionize and we were unable to agree on the terms of their collective bargaining agreement or we were to experience widespread employee dissatisfaction, we could be subject to work slowdowns or stoppages. In addition, we may be subject to disruptions by organized labor groups protesting our non-union status. Any of these events would be disruptive to our operations and could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

Our employees in the marine segment are covered by federal laws that provide seagoing employees remedies for job-related claims in addition to those provided by state laws.

Many of our marine segment employees are covered by federal maritime law, including provisions of the Jones Act, the Longshore and Harbor Workers Compensation Act (“LHWCA”) and the Seaman’s Wage Act. Jones Act laws typically operate to make liability limits established by state workers’ compensation laws inapplicable to these employees and to permit these employees and their representatives to pursue litigation against employers for job-related injuries. For employees that do not qualify for the Jones Act, but are still injured while performing work on or around navigable waters, the LHWCA is a federal law that provides for the payment of compensation, medical care, and vocational rehabilitation services to such employees. Because in some cases we are not protected by the limits imposed by state workers’

22

Table of Contents

compensation statutes, we have greater exposure for claims made by these employees as compared to employers whose employees are not covered by these provisions.

For example, in the normal course of business, we are a defendant in various personal injury lawsuits. We maintain insurance to cover claims that arise from injuries to our workforce subject to a deductible. During 2025, we recorded $0.7 million of expense for our self-insured portion of these liabilities. We believe our recorded self-insurance reserves represent our best estimate of the outcomes of these claims. Should negative trends persist, we could be negatively impacted in the future.

If we fail to comply with immigration laws, such failure could result in significant liabilities, harm our reputation with our customers and disrupt our operations.

​

Although we take steps to verify the employment eligibility status of all of our employees, some of our employees may, without our knowledge, be unauthorized workers. Unauthorized workers are subject to deportation and may subject us to fines or penalties and, if any of our workers are found to be unauthorized, we could experience adverse publicity that could make it more difficult to hire and retain qualified employees. Termination of a significant number of unauthorized employees may disrupt our operations, cause temporary increases in our labor costs as we train new employees and result in additional adverse publicity. We could also become subject to fines, penalties and other costs related to claims that we did not fully comply with all recordkeeping obligations of federal and state immigration laws. If we fail to comply with these laws, our operations may be disrupted, and we may be subject to fines or, in extreme cases, criminal sanctions.

​

In addition, many of our customer contracts specifically require compliance with immigration laws, and, in some cases, our customers’ audit compliance with these laws. Further, several of our customers require that we ensure that our subcontractors comply with these laws with respect to the workers that perform services for them. A failure to comply with these laws or to ensure compliance by our subcontractors could damage our reputation and may cause our customers to cancel contracts with us or to not award future business to us. These factors could adversely affect our operations and financial position.

​

General Risk Factors

​

Systems and information technology interruption or failure and data security breaches could adversely impact our ability to operate or expose us to significant financial losses and reputational harm.

​

We rely heavily on computer information, communications technology and related systems in order to properly operate our business. From time to time, we experience occasional system interruptions and delays. In the event we are unable to regularly deploy software and hardware, effectively upgrade our systems and network infrastructure, and take other steps to maintain or improve the efficiency and efficacy of our systems, the operation of such systems could be interrupted or result in the loss, corruption, or release of data. In addition, our computer and communication systems and operations could be damaged or interrupted by natural disasters, telecommunications failures, power loss, acts of war or terrorism, computer viruses, malicious code, physical or electronic security breaches, intentional or inadvertent user misuse or error, or similar events or disruptions. Any of these or other events could cause interruptions, delays, loss of critical and/or sensitive data or similar effects, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, protection of intellectual property, and results of operations, as well as those of our clients.

In addition, we face the threat to our computer systems of unauthorized access, computer hackers, computer viruses, malicious code, organized cyber-attacks and other security problems and system disruptions, including possible unauthorized access to and disclosure of our and our clients’ proprietary or classified information. We rely on industry accepted security measures and technology to securely maintain all confidential and proprietary information on our computer systems, but they may still be vulnerable to these threats. As a result, we may be required to expend significant resources to protect against the threat of these system disruptions and security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by these disruptions and breaches. Any of these events could damage our reputation and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

​

​

23

Table of Contents

Adverse changes in tax laws both in the United States and abroad, changes in tax rates or exposure to additional income tax liabilities could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

​

Tax law changes in the U.S. and abroad could increase our effective tax rate, cash taxes, or compliance costs and adversely affect our results. The European Union’s implementation of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Pillar Two 15% global minimum tax regime, and similar measures under consideration in other jurisdictions, could increase our tax expense depending on how and when countries adopt and apply these rules, even though we do not currently expect a significant impact.

​

Risk Factors Relating to Our Indebtedness

​

Our indebtedness includes covenants and obligations with regard to our business activities that may restrict our ability to take certain actions which may negatively affect our financial condition.

​

At December 31, 2025, we had no outstanding indebtedness under our five-year $120.0 million senior secured credit facility (the “UMB Credit Agreement”), dated December 23, 2025. We must comply with customary affirmative and negative covenants contained in the UMB Credit Agreement, some of which may restrict the way in which we conduct our business. Among other things, these requirements could potentially limit our ability to:

​

​

The restrictions under our indebtedness may prevent us from engaging in certain transactions which might otherwise be considered beneficial to us, for example, they could:

​

​

We may incur additional indebtedness in the future by issuing debt instruments, under new credit agreements, under joint venture agreements, under capital leases or synthetic leases, on a project-finance or other basis or a combination of these. If we incur additional indebtedness in the future, it likely would be under arrangements that may have terms and conditions at least as restrictive as those contained in our UMB Credit Agreement. At December 31, 2025, available capacity to borrow on the revolving lines of credit was $60.0 million. Failure to comply with the terms and conditions of any existing or future indebtedness, including current or prospective covenants, would constitute an event of default. If an event of default occurs, the lenders will have the right to accelerate the maturity of such indebtedness and foreclose upon the collateral, if any, securing that indebtedness.

​

Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our debt service obligations to increase significantly.

​

Borrowings under the UMB Credit Agreement allow for loans at variable rates of interest and expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on the variable rate indebtedness will increase even though the

24

Table of Contents

amount borrowed will remain the same, and our net income and operating cash flows, including cash available for servicing our indebtedness, will correspondingly decrease. Additionally, rising interest rates may increase our cost of capital and, therefore, reduce the amount of capital available to fund our operations.

​

In the future, we may enter into interest rate swaps and other derivative instruments that involve the exchange of floating for fixed rate interest payments in order to reduce interest rate volatility. However, we may not maintain those instruments with respect to all of our variable rate indebtedness, and any instruments we enter into may not fully mitigate our interest rate risk and subject us to counter-party credit risk.

​

Our bonding requirements may limit our ability to incur indebtedness.

​

We generally are required to provide various types of surety bonds that provide an additional measure of security for our performance under certain government and private sector contracts. Our ability to obtain surety bonds depends upon various factors including our capitalization, working capital and amount of our indebtedness. In order to help ensure that we can obtain required bonds, we may be limited in our ability to incur additional indebtedness that may be needed for potential acquisitions and operations. Our inability to incur additional indebtedness could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

​