INTEGRA LIFESCIENCES HOLDINGS CORP (IART) Business

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

OVERVIEW

Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corporation is a global medical technology company dedicated to restoring lives. We are advancing transformational care through impactful innovation and our portfolio of highly differentiated technologies is trusted by healthcare professionals to deliver transformative care.

We manufacture and sell medical technologies and products in two reportable business segments: Codman Specialty Surgical (“CSS”) and Tissue Technologies (“TT”). The CSS segment, which represents approximately 70% of our total revenue, consists of market-leading technologies and instrumentation used for a wide range of specialties, such as neurosurgery, neurocritical care, and otolaryngology, commonly referred to as ear, nose, and throat (“ENT”). We are the world leader in neurosurgery and one of the top three providers in the U.S. in instruments used in precision, specialty, and general surgical procedures. Our TT segment generates about 30% of our overall revenue and focuses on wound reconstruction and care and private label.

OUR PRODUCTS, SERVICES AND TECHNOLOGIES

We were the first company to receive an FDA claim for regeneration of dermal tissue and are a world leader in regenerative technology. We have developed numerous product lines from this technology for applications ranging from burn and deep tissue wounds to the repair of dura mater in the brain, as well as nerves and tendons. We have expanded our base regenerative technology business to include neurosurgical products, ENT, surgical instruments and advanced wound care through global acquisitions and product development to meet the evolving needs of our customers and enhance patient care. Each of these categories and the key products sold therein are described in more detail below. We include financial information regarding our reportable business segments and certain geographic information under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Note 16. Segment and Geographic Information to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K).

CODMAN SPECIALTY SURGICAL

Neurosurgery: In neurosurgery, we are a global leader in neuro-access, neuro-surgical and neuro-monitoring technologies. Our product portfolio represents a continuum of care from pre-operative, to the neurosurgery operating room, to the neuro-critical care unit and post care for both adult and pediatric patients suffering from brain tumors, brain injury, cerebrospinal fluid pressure complications and other neurological conditions

We offer leading technologies in dural repair, ultrasonic tissue ablation, intracranial pressure (“ICP”) monitoring, hydrocephalus management, and cranial stabilization systems, while providing a rich research and development pipeline for growth.

Principal products include:

•CUSA® (Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator) Platform: An ultrasonic surgical aspirator platform, including the CUSA Clarity, which is used in various surgical procedures, primarily for the fragmentation, emulsification, and aspiration of soft and hard tissues;

•CereLink® intercranial pressure (“ICP”) Monitor: An advanced, digital intracranial pressure monitoring platform, designed for use in neuro-intensive care and operating room environments, which offers uncompromised advanced continuous ICP monitoring — with minimal drift, MRI conditional capability, durable, flexible ICP sensors, and advanced data presentation features;

•Codman® Neurosurgical Accessories: A portfolio of surgical consumables for use in the protection of tissue, including brain and other tissues of the central nervous system, during surgery and disposable perforators for use in perforating the cranium;

•DuraGen® Dural Graft Matrix: An absorbable implant for sutureless repair of dural defects after cranial or spinal surgery and which acts as an onlay dural graft which provide a highly porous scaffold for the purpose of patching large gaps in the dura and facilitating patient recovery;

•DuraSeal® Dural Sealant System: An absorbable polyethylene glycol (“PEG”) hydrogel designed to provide a watertight seal, particularly around suture lines or at the edge of an onlay graft, for cranial and spinal surgery patients;

•Mayfield® Standard Cranial Stabilization System: A surgical device used to stabilize the patient’s head during neurosurgical procedures;

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•Bactiseal® Anti-Microbial Catheters: Antimicrobial external ventricular drainage (“EVD”) catheters and shunts designed to allow for the draining or shunting of cerebrospinal fluid (“CSF”) while reducing the risk of surgical site infections; and

•Certas® Plus Programmable Valve: A programable shunt valve which is designed to provide constant intraventricular pressure and drainage of CSF for the management of hydrocephalus

Specialty Instrumentation: Our specialty instrumentation portfolio includes a catalog of surgical headlamps, surgical instruments, as well as after-market service. With thousands of surgical instrument products, comprised of a comprehensive portfolio of reusable and disposable instruments, including forceps, retractors, scissors, and curettes, tailored for neurosurgery and spine surgery including specialty surgical instruments, we call on the central sterile processing unit of hospitals and acute care surgical centers. Additionally, through a strong U.S. distribution model, we can serve the needs of medical offices.

ENT Surgical Solutions: The Company’s ENT portfolio comprises a broad range of products including the TruDi® Navigation System featuring navigated surgical instrumentation, the RELIEVA SPINPLUS® Balloon Sinuplasty System, the AERA® Eustachian Tube Dilation System, and the MicroFrance ENT instrumentation line.

TISSUE TECHNOLOGIES

Our Tissue Technologies segment develops and markets a broad portfolio of regenerative tissue products and technologies primarily focused on wound reconstruction and care and private label. This segment serves a diverse range of specialties, including plastic and reconstructive surgery, general surgery, and wound management.

We currently utilize five unique regenerative technology platforms consisting of highly engineered bovine collagen (derived from bovine sources for structural support), bovine dermis (acellular dermal tissue for natural integration), porcine urinary bladder (extracellular matrix for cellular repopulation), human amniotic tissue (allografts for anti-inflammatory and protective properties), and resorbable synthetic mesh (biodegradable materials for temporary reinforcement). These technologies address clinical needs in treating acute wounds such as burns, chronic wounds including diabetic foot ulcers, and surgical tissue repair applications such as hernia reinforcement, tendon protection, and peripheral nerve repair.

Wound Reconstruction and Care: We offer a broad portfolio of products and solutions addressing a full spectrum of needs when managing complex wounds including for the treatment of acute wounds (e.g., burns and trauma), chronic wounds (e.g., diabetic foot ulcers and venous ulcers), and other complex wound types. The goal is to promote healing by providing scaffolds that encourage cellular invasion, revascularization, and tissue regeneration while managing infection, exudate, and inflammation. These products are often used in hospital settings, wound care clinics, or outpatient procedures to accelerate closure, reduce scarring, and prevent complications like amputation in diabetic cases.

Principal products include:

•Integra Skin: Comprised of the first FDA-approved bilayer matrix for the regeneration of dermal tissue, indicated for third-degree burns and scar contractures, which consists of a collagen and chondroitin-6-sulfate matrix with a silicone epidermal layer to protect against infection and dehydration and several other bilayer wound matrices used for a variety of wound types, providing a scaffold for cellular invasion and capillary growth, often used with negative pressure wound therapy;

•PriMatrix® Dermal Repair Scaffold: A collagen-based dermal repair scaffold for managing a broad range of wounds, including diabetic and venous ulcers;

•MicroMatrix® Urinary Bladder Matrix (“UBM”) and Cytal® Wound Matrix: These products use porcine urinary bladder matrix technology to support complex wound management;

•AmnioExcel® and AmnioExcel® Plus Placental Allograft Membrane: Human tissue-based allografts in various surgical and chronic wound applications; and

•MediHoney® Wound and Burn Dressings: Medical-grade Manuka honey-based dressings used for debridement and moisture balance in burns, ulcers, and surgical wounds.

We offer a continuum of advanced solutions for plastic and reconstructive surgery, complex hernias, and general surgery, including devices for implantation to reinforce soft tissue where weakness exists and for surgical repair of damaged or ruptured soft tissue membranes. These products provide structural support and promote tissue integration to address areas of tissue weakness. They are bioresorbable or acellular to minimize long-term foreign body reactions and reduce complications like adhesions or infections.

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Principal products include:

•SurgiMend® Collagen Matrix: An implant for soft tissue reinforcement in plastic and reconstructive surgery, including hernia repair. It is derived from bovine collagen and is designed to integrate with host tissue while minimizing complications;

•Gentrix® Surgical Matrix: Porcine UBM matrix for hernia (including hiatal) and abdominal wall repair; and

•DuraSorb® Monofilament Mesh: A resorbable mesh used in reconstructive surgery to provide temporary support during tissue healing, particularly in hernia repair and other soft tissue applications.

Private Label: We offer extensive expertise in collagen biomaterials for other medical technology companies that sell to end markets primarily in spine, surgical and wound care. We manufacture a broad set of our regenerative and wound care technologies that are available for private label distribution by our customers, produce raw materials that can be integrated into our customers’ production processes, and have the expertise to design, develop and manufacture products to meet the specific needs of our customers.

OUR MARKETS

We sell our medical devices and therapies through a combination of direct sales representatives and independent distributors globally. Our global commercial network includes clinical specialists, direct sales force in key markets and strategic partnerships and distributors that serve hospitals, integrated health networks, group purchasing organizations, clinicians, surgery centers and health care providers.

Our marketing and sales strategy is focused on cost-effective delivery of high-quality products to a diverse group of customers worldwide. To achieve this objective, our direct global sales force teams are organized around physician specialties. This focus enables us to develop highly knowledgeable and dedicated sales representatives who are able to foster strong relationships with physicians and enhance our ability to support our customers and cross-sell complementary products.

Over the years, we have significantly expanded our global footprint by investing in our commercial and manufacturing operations, as well as introducing new products. In the last two years, we have expanded our presence in key markets such as Southeast Asia, India, South Korea and Brazil. As part of our In-China-For-China strategy, we continue to build out our assembly capabilities in our facility in Suzhou, China.

We did not have any customers that represented more than 10% of our consolidated revenues in 2025.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

An important part of Integra’s growth strategy is introducing new products to strengthen and expand our portfolio through clinical evidence to support regulatory approval and strong reimbursement of our product portfolio around the world, including new indications for existing technologies. Our research and development activities focus on identifying unmet surgical needs and addressing those needs with innovative solutions and products. Investment in research and development is critical to driving our future growth. Our research and development efforts are focused on the further development and improvement of our existing products, the design and development of new innovative medical technologies and regulatory compliance across all our business segments. We apply our core competency in regenerative technology to innovate products for neurosurgical, wound applications, plastic surgery, and reconstructive surgery and we have extensive R&D development programs for our core platforms of electromechanical technologies.

Additionally, we conduct projects and clinical studies to generate efficacy and health economic evidence. The Company has continued its investments in clinical education as a key value driver to leverage its global footprint, enhanced digital content, and strengthened its clinical network. As part of this objective, the Company remains committed to participation in clinical research demonstrating the efficacy of its products prior to market introduction, and in supporting the clinical education and technical training.

Neurosurgical Solutions, Surgical Instruments, and ENT Solutions. The CSS neurosurgical business consists of a broad portfolio of market-leading brands, which are used for the management of multiple disease states, including brain tumors, traumatic brain injury, hydrocephalus and other neurological conditions. The growth in this business in recent years has been fueled by geographic expansion and new product registrations in markets, such as China, Japan, and  Europe, which we expect to continue in the near-to-long term. We have several active programs focused on life cycle management and innovation for capital and disposable products in our portfolio. Our product development efforts are focused on core clinical applications in cerebrospinal fluid (“CSF”) management, neuro-critical care monitoring, minimally invasive instruments and electrosurgery and ultrasonic medical technologies, as well as our ambition to transform the standard of care in neurosurgery with product advancements in minimally invasive surgery (“MIS”) and the surgical management of intracerebral hemorrhage (“ICH”).

We continue to advance the CerebroFlo® external ventricular drainage (“EVD”), a catheter with Endexo® technology. The Endexo polymer in polyurethane is a permanent additive which has shown to be effective in reducing platelet adhesion in-vitro,

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reducing thrombus accumulation in-vitro and in vivo, and reducing the clinical incidence of thrombus formation. In vitro evaluations and in vivo animal evaluations do not necessarily predict the clinical performance of the SureFlo EVD Catheter with respect to thrombus formation. The incidence of thrombus formation on polyurethane containing Endexo polymer in other medical devices and/or tissues systems does not necessarily predict the clinical performance of the SureFlo EVD Catheter for the intended use of CSF external drainage and monitoring. The CerebroFlo EVD catheter has demonstrated an average of 99% less thrombus accumulation onto its surface, in vitro, compared to a market leading EVD catheter. Our work to combine our Bactiseal antimicrobial technology with the Endexo anti-occlusive technology continues to progress for both a silicone-based hydrocephalus and EVD product.

We also continue to advance the Aurora® Surgiscope, which is the only tubular retractor system designed for cranial surgery with an integrated access channel, camera and lighting. The 15mm x 60mm and 15mm x 80mm Aurora Surgiscope System version received 510(k) clearance from the FDA in 2025.

In July 2025, we announced the inaugural enrollment of the first patient in the AERA Pediatric Registry, a prospective, multi-center observational registry evaluating the real-world use of the AERA Eustachian Tube Balloon Dilation System in children. This marks the focused effort to measure the ongoing, clinical performance of AERA in pediatric patients with obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction. The registry is designed to capture both safety and efficacy outcomes for up to 300 pediatric patients who undergo Eustachian tube balloon dilation using AERA.

In September 2025 the Mayfield® Ghost Base Unit Post launched in the U.S., which is designed to help provide clear visualization of anatomical structure and to support surgical accuracy and patient positioning.

Regenerative Technologies. Our regenerative technology development program applies our expertise in bioengineering to a range of biomaterials including natural materials such as purified collagen, intact human or animal tissues, honey as well as resorbable synthetic polymers with our DuraSorb and DuraSeal® product lines. These unique product designs are used for neurosurgical and reconstructive surgical applications, as well as dermal regeneration. Our regenerative technology platform includes our legacy Integra® Dermal Regeneration Template (“IDRT”) products and complementary technologies that we have acquired. Our collagen manufacturing capability, combined with our history of innovation, provides us with strong platform technologies for multiple indications.

In the third quarter of 2021, we filed a PMA application for a specific indication for SurgiMend® in the use of post-mastectomy breast reconstruction and in July 2024 received approvable pending GMP status from FDA, which approved and closed out the clinical portion of this PMA application. We anticipate PMA approval following the operationalization of the Braintree facility, which is expected in 2026. We are also pursuing a PMA for DuraSorb for use in implant-based breast reconstruction (“IBBR”). We completed enrollment for the DuraSorb U.S. investigational device exemption clinical study for two-stage breast reconstruction in June 2023; and we continue to advance the PMA application. Currently, we hope to secure PMA approval for DuraSorb in 2026.

In 2024, we acquired the product rights for Durepair Dural Regeneration Matrix, a suturable dural graft which complements our portfolio of dural grafts and sealants, and subsequently launched the product for commercial sale in the U.S. in October 2025.

See Item 1A. Risk Factors, under the heading Risks Related to our Regulatory Environment and under Item 7. General Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - FDA Matters of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion.

QUALITY SYSTEMS, SUPPLY CHAIN AND PRODUCT MANUFACTURE

We have been making investments to build more responsive and scalable processes, enhance the reliability of our quality systems and supply chain, and drive productivity initiatives to further supply and lower costs. We continue to invest in technologies, systems and processes to enhance the customer experience. We also continue to invest in our capacity expansion. This includes ongoing projects of transferring our Boston manufacturing to a new location in Braintree, Massachusetts and further investing in capacity and validating manufacturing processes in our manufacturing facility in Plainsboro, New Jersey.

In 2024, we initiated a Compliance Master Plan (the “CMP”), a systematic and holistic approach to improving our quality management system, or QMS, across our manufacturing and supply network. The primary objectives of the CMP are to remediate quality system gaps, harmonize the quality management system across the company, and enhance the quality culture across our organization. In executing our remediation plans, we have introduced objective metrics to assess opportunities in our QMS and supply chain which we believe has allowed for the effective allocation of resources and consistent tracking of our results.

In conjunction with our work under the CMP, we are focused on improving operational and execution excellence. Through leadership appointments and the development of a comprehensive plan to establish a robust end-to-end supply chain, we hope to enhance our supply chain capabilities and overall product available and operational reliability and resiliency.

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We have key manufacturing and research facilities located in California, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Ohio, Puerto Rico, Tennessee, Utah, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel and Switzerland. We source most of our handheld surgical instruments and dural sealant products through specialized third-party vendors

AVAILABILITY OF RAW MATERIALS

We purchase many of the components and raw materials used in manufacturing our products from numerous suppliers in various countries.

In general, raw materials essential to our businesses are readily available from multiple sources. For reasons of quality assurance, availability, or cost effectiveness, certain components and raw materials are available only from one or a limited number of suppliers. We have established long-term supply contracts with many of our suppliers and our practice is to maintain sufficient inventory of components so that our production will not be significantly disrupted even if a particular component or material is not available for a period of time. Due to the high standards applicable to manufacturing our products, such as the FDA’s Quality Management System Regulation (“QMSR”), which became effective on February 2, 2026, and which superseded the prior Quality System Regulation (“QSR”) and Good Manufacturing Practices, we may not be able to quickly establish additional or replacement sources for certain components or materials. Some of our manufacturing operations are located outside of the U.S., including Switzerland, Ireland, Israel, and France. Those manufacturing operations are also subject to additional challenges and risks associated with international operations described under the caption “Risk Factors” set forth in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the event we are unable to obtain sufficient quantities of raw materials or components on commercially reasonable terms or in a timely manner, our ability to manufacture our products on a timely and cost-competitive basis may be compromised, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Certain of our products, including but not limited to our dermal regeneration products, duraplasty products, wound care products, and nerve and tendon repair products, contain natural collagen material derived from bovine tissue. We take great care to provide medical products that are safe and free of agents that can cause disease. In particular, the collagen used in the products that we manufacture is derived from fetal bovine dermis from the U.S. and deep flexor tendon from the U.S. and New Zealand. New Zealand is a country that has never had a reported case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (“BSE”) (otherwise known as mad cow disease). The World Health Organization classifies different types of cattle tissue for relative risk of BSE transmission. Fetal bovine dermis and deep flexor tendon are in the lowest-risk category for BSE transmission, and therefore considered to have a negligible risk of containing the agent that causes BSE.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

We seek patent and trademark protection for our key technology, products and product improvements, both in the U.S. and in selected foreign countries. When determined appropriate, we have enforced and plan to continue to enforce and defend our patent and trademark rights. In general, however, we do not rely solely on our patent and trademark estate to provide us with significant competitive advantages as it relates to our existing product lines. We also rely upon trade secrets and continuing technological innovations to develop and maintain our competitive position. In an effort to protect our trade secrets, we have a policy requiring our employees, consultants and advisors to execute proprietary information and invention assignment agreements upon commencement of employment or consulting relationships with us. These agreements also provide that all confidential information developed or made known to the individual during the course of their relationship with us must be kept confidential, except in specified circumstances.

Acclarent Aera®, AccuDrain®, AmnioExcel®, Aquasonic®, Auragen®, Aurora® Surgiscope®, Bactiseal®, BioDFence®, BioDOptix®, Brainet®, Budde®, Buzz™, CereLink®, CerebroFlo® EVD Catheter with Endexo® Technology, Codman®, Codman Accu-Flo®, Codman Bicol®, Codman® Certas® Plus, Codman® Hakim®Programmable valve, Codman Holter®, Codman ICP Express®, Codman Microsensor®, Codman VersaTru®, Codman VPV®, Contour-Flex®, Cranioplastic®, CRW®, CRW Precision™, Ctherm™, CUSA®, Cytal®, DirectLink®, DuraGen®, DuraSeal®, DuraSorb®, Gentrix®, HeliCote®, HeliPlug®, HeliTape®, HeliMend®, Helistat®, Helitene®, Hermetic™, Hy-Tape®, Integra®, IntegraLink®, Isocool®, Jarit®, Lead-Lok™, Licox®, LimiTorr™, Luxtec®, Mayfield®, MatriStem UBM™, MediHoney®, MicroFrance®, MicroMatrix®, Miltex®, Mischler™, MoniTorr ICP™, Natus®, NeuraGen®, NeuraWrap™, Nicolet®, Omnigraft®, Omni-Tract®, OSV II®, Padgett®, PriMatrix®, Pureflow™, Q-Snor™, Redmond™, Relieva Spinplus®, Revize™, Ruggles®, Signacreme®, SurgiMend®, TCC-EZ®, TenoGlide®, TissueMend®, TruDi®, Ultra VS™, VersaTru®, Xtrasorb®, zRIP™, and the Integra logo are some of the material trademarks of Integra LifeSciences Corporation and its subsidiaries. MAYFIELD® is a registered trademark of SM USA, Inc., and is used by Integra under license.

SEASONALITY

Revenues during our fourth quarter tend to be stronger than other quarters because many hospitals increase their purchases of our products during the fourth quarter to coincide with the end of their budget cycles in the U.S. In general, our first quarter usually has lower revenues than the preceding fourth quarter, the second and third quarters have higher revenues than the first

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quarter, and the fourth quarter revenues are the highest in the year. The main exceptions to this pattern occur because of material acquisitions.

COMPETITION

The markets in which we compete are highly competitive and are characterized by rapid change resulting from technological advances, innovations and scientific discoveries. Our product lines face a mix of competitors ranging from large manufacturers with multiple business lines to small manufacturers offering a limited selection of products. Many of these competitors offer a broader product portfolio and important competitive factors include product efficacy, safety and ease of use, price and demonstrated cost-effectiveness, marketing effectiveness, product labeling, customer service and R&D of new products and processes. Major shifts in industry market share have occurred in connection with product corrective actions, physician advisories, safety alerts, results of clinical trials to support superiority claims, and publications about our products, reflecting the importance of product quality, product efficacy and quality systems in the medical device industry.

Government and private sector initiatives to limit the growth of healthcare costs, including price regulation, competitive pricing, bidding and tender mechanics, coverage and payment policies, comparative effectiveness of therapies, technology assessments and managed-care arrangements, are continuing in many countries where we do business, including the U.S. These initiatives put increased emphasis on the delivery of more cost-effective medical devices and therapies. Government programs, including Medicare and Medicaid, private healthcare insurance, managed-care plans, and volume-based procurement tenders in China, have attempted to control costs by limiting the amount of reimbursement they will pay for particular procedures or treatments, tying reimbursement to outcomes, shifting to population health management, and other mechanisms. Hospitals, which purchase our technology, are also seeking to reduce costs through a variety of mechanisms, including, for example, centralized purchasing, and in some cases, limiting the number of vendors that may participate in the purchasing program. Hospitals are also aligning interests with physicians through employment and other arrangements, such as gainsharing, where a hospital agrees with physicians to share any realized cost savings resulting from changes in practice patterns such as device standardization. This has created an increased level of price sensitivity among customers for our products.

Our competitors for CSS include divisions within Medtronic, Inc., Stryker Corporation, Steris PLC, and B. Braun Medical, Inc. In addition, we compete with many smaller specialized companies and larger companies that do not otherwise focus on the offerings of Codman Specialty Surgical technologies. We rely on the depth and breadth of our sales and marketing organization, our innovative technologies, and our procurement and manufacturing operations to maintain our competitive position.

Our competitors for TT include Smith & Nephew plc, Organogenesis Holdings Inc., MiMedx Group, Inc., Allergan PLC, Becton Dickinson and Company, and Axogen, Inc. We compete with additional companies who partially participate in soft tissue reconstruction of complex wounds and surgical reconstruction. In addition, our products also compete against medical practices that treat a condition without using a medical device or any particular product, such as medical practices that utilize autograft tissue instead of our dermal regeneration products, duraplasty products and nerve repair products. Depending on the product line, we compete based on our products' features, strength of our sales force or distributors, sophistication of our technology and cost effectiveness of our solution.

In addition, our International team faces significant global and regional competition across our entire portfolio, with local competition also playing a role in countries where local suppliers may be advantaged.

We believe that the success of our products depends on our ability to differentiate ourselves and to demonstrate that our products deliver the clinical and operational attributes that are most important and cost-effective to customers. These attributes include, but are not limited to, superiority in efficacy, ease of use, reliability, accuracy, quality and cost. We believe our continued success depends in large part upon our ability to invest in product enhancements and technologies that will help us distinguish our product portfolio from our competitors.

GOVERNMENT REGULATION AND COMPLIANCE

We are a manufacturer and marketer of medical devices and Human Tissue and Cell Based Products (“HCT/Ps”) and therefore are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), other federal governmental agencies and, in some jurisdictions, by state and equivalent foreign governmental authorities. These regulations govern the development and introduction to the market of new medical devices and HCT/Ps, the observance of certain standards with respect to the design, manufacture, testing, labeling, promotion and sales of the products, the maintenance of certain records, the ability to track devices, the reporting of adverse affects and potential product defects, the import and export of products, and other matters. FDA product approvals, as well as equivalent approvals or certifications issued by foreign authorities or bodies, may be withdrawn or suspended, or other enforcement actions may occur, if compliance with regulatory standards is not maintained or if problems occur following initial marketing.

Our business is also affected by patient and data privacy laws and government payer cost containment initiatives, as well as environmental health and safety laws and regulations.

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United States Food and Drug Administration

Our products are subject to extensive regulation particularly as to safety, efficacy and adherence to the FDA Quality System Regulation, and related manufacturing standards. Medical device products are subject to rigorous FDA and other governmental agency regulations in the United States and similar regulations of foreign agencies abroad. The FDA regulates the design, development, research, preclinical and clinical testing, introduction, manufacture, advertising, labeling, packaging, marketing, distribution, import and export, and record keeping for such products to ensure that medical products distributed in the United States are safe and effective for their intended use. In addition, the FDA is authorized to establish special controls to provide reasonable assurance of the safety and effectiveness of most devices. Non-compliance with applicable requirements can result in, without limitation, warning or untitled letters, the FDA’s delay or refusal to approve pending applications, a clinical hold on a clinical investigation, import detentions, fines, civil and administrative penalties, injunctions, suspensions or losses of regulatory approvals, product recalls, withdrawals from the market, product seizures, operating restrictions, including total or partial suspension of production or distribution, refusal of the government to approve product export applications or allow us to enter into supply contracts, and criminal prosecution. The regulatory process for obtaining product approvals and clearances can be onerous and costly.

Medical Device Regulation

Under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (the “FDCA”), unless a device is exempt or marketed under an FDA enforcement discretion, premarket authorization is required to commercially distribute a new medical device in the U.S market. A new medical device could either be a device that has not previously received marketing authorization in the U.S, or a previously authorized device that has been changed in such a way that would require a new marketing application. Changes that could require a new marketing application for an existing device may relate to, but are not limited to, the intended use of the device, the indications for use, manufacturing, and technological characteristics or functionalities. The type of marketing authorization is generally linked to the classification of the device. The FDA classifies medical devices into three classes based on risk. Regulatory control increases from Class I (lowest risk) to Class III (highest risk). The FDA generally must clear or approve the commercial sale of new medical devices in Classes II and III, respectively. Commercial sales of our Class II medical devices (except for Class II exempt devices) and Class III medical devices within the U.S. must be preceded by either a pre-market notification filing pursuant to Section 510(k) of the FDCA (Class II) or the granting of a pre-market approval, or a PMA (Class III). As the risk of the device increases, so do the FDA’s requirements to obtain market authorization.

Generally, all Class III and some Class II medical devices will require clinical testing to adequately demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of the device prior to FDA approval or clearance of the device for commercialization. The extent to which FDA is involved in the development of clinical trial protocols depends, in part, on whether the study is a significant risk (SR) study or a nonsignificant risk (NSR) study. Before testing begins, all clinical studies must obtain Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval and for SR medical devices, an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) from the FDA must be obtained. This exemption allows for clinical testing while ensuring participant safety and adherence to ethical standards. Though the regulatory requirements for an NSR study are less burdensome than those for an SR study, all clinical trials can be time consuming and costly and may not result in our desired outcomes.

Class I devices are those for which safety and effectiveness can be reasonably assured by adherence to a set of requirements referred to as general controls, which previously required compliance with the applicable portions of FDA’s QSR, and more recently, aspects of the FDA’s QMSR. These include facility registration and device listing, reporting of adverse events and malfunctions, which is referred to as medical device reporting, and truthful and non-misleading labeling and promotional materials. Most Class I devices are exempt from the premarket notification requirements (i.e., 510(k)-exempt).

510(k) Clearance Process

Class II devices are those that are subject to general controls, as well as special controls, which can include performance standards, specialized labeling and post-market surveillance. Most Class II devices are subject to the premarket notification requirements or the 510(k) process. To obtain 510(k) clearance, we must submit a premarket notification, or 510(k), to the FDA and demonstrate that our proposed medical device is substantially equivalent to a medical device that is legally marketed for the same intended use or a device commercially distributed prior to May 28, 1976, for which the FDA has not yet called for the submission of a PMA.

The device to which the company must show substantial equivalence is known as a predicate device. A proposed device is substantially equivalent to a predicate device if, with respect to the predicate device, it has the same intended use and has either (i) the same technological characteristics or (ii) different technological characteristics that do not raise different questions of safety and effectiveness, and the information submitted demonstrates to the FDA that the proposed device is as safe and effective as the predicate device.

If the FDA determines that our device is “not substantially equivalent” to a previously cleared device, for example, due to a finding of a lack of a predicate device, or that the proposed device has a new intended use or different technological

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characteristic that raise different questions of safety or effectiveness when the proposed device is compared to the cited predicate device, the device is automatically designated as a Class III device. As the device sponsor, we must then fulfill more rigorous PMA requirements, or we can request a risk-based classification determination for the device in accordance with the FDA’s de novo classification process. As a result, FDA clearance requirements may extend the device development process for a considerable length of time. If the FDA agrees that the proposed device is substantially equivalent to the predicate device proposed by the manufacturer, it will grant 510(k) clearance to commercially market the device.

De Novo Classification Process

For novel medical devices that are low to moderate risk and are not substantially equivalent to a predicate device, a manufacturer may request a risk-based classification determination for the device in accordance with de novo classification process. This procedure allows a de novo requester whose novel device is automatically classified into Class III to request down-classification of its medical device into Class I or Class II on the basis that the device presents low or moderate risk, rather than requiring the submission and approval of a PMA. A requestor may submit a de novo request for classification after receiving a “not substantially equivalent” determination in response to a 510(k) submission or, absent the prior submission of a 510(k), when the sponsor determines that there is no legally marketed device upon which to base a determination of substantial equivalence.

The FDA may reject the de novo request if it identifies a legally marketed predicate device that would be appropriate for a 510(k) or determines that the device is not low to moderate risk or that general controls would be inadequate, and special controls cannot be developed, to control the risks. In the event the FDA determines that the data and information submitted demonstrate that general controls or general and special controls are adequate to provide reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness, the FDA will grant the de novo request and a classification regulation will be established for the device type. When the FDA grants a de novo request for classification, the device is granted marketing authorization and can further serve as a predicate device for a future 510(k) submissions of that device type.

PMA Process

Class III devices include devices deemed by FDA to pose the greatest risk, such as life-supporting or life-sustaining devices, or implantable devices. With a few exceptions for certain types of devices classified into Class III that were in commercial distribution in the U.S. before May 28, 1976, Class III devices are subject to the pre-market approval (“PMA”) process which requires us to independently demonstrate that a medical device is safe and effective for its intended use. This process is generally much more time-consuming and expensive than the 510(k) or de novo processes. The PMA process involves a complex and lengthy testing process and may require several years to complete. We may need to first obtain an investigational device exemption (for significant risk devices), known as an IDE, in order to conduct extensive clinical testing of the device to obtain the necessary clinical data for submission to the FDA. Prior to obtaining approval, the manufacturer typically undergoes a bioresearch monitoring (“BIMO”) audit of the supporting clinical trial and a manufacturing audit, which could lengthen the process and potentially raise unforeseen issues that undermine the approvability of the product. The FDA may also require review by an advisory panel, which can further lengthen the process.

The FDA will approve a PMA only if after evaluating the supporting technical data it finds that the PMA contains sufficient, valid scientific evidence to assure that the device is safe and effective for its intended use(s). This approval may be granted with post-approval requirements including inspection of manufacturing facilities, additional patient follow-up for an indefinite period of time and/or post-approval clinical study or studies.

Exempt Devices

If a manufacturer’s device falls into a generic category of Class I or Class II devices that FDA has exempted by regulation, a premarket notification is not required before marketing the device in the U.S. (most Class I devices, and some Class II devices, are 510(k)-exempt.) Manufacturers of such devices are required to comply with FDA’s general controls, including FDA’s establishment registration and device listing requirements. Some 510(k)-exempt devices are also exempt from QMSR requirements, except for their respective complaint handling and recordkeeping requirements.

Device Modifications Post-clearance or Approval

Medical devices can be marketed only for the indications for which they are cleared or approved. After a device has received 510(k) clearance for a specific intended use, any change or modification that significantly affects its safety or effectiveness, such as a significant change in the design, materials, method of manufacture or intended use, may require a new 510(k) clearance or, depending on the modification, a de novo classification request or PMA approval, as well as payment of an FDA user fee. The determination as to whether or not a modification could significantly affect the device’s safety or effectiveness is initially left to the manufacturer using available FDA guidance; however, the FDA may, if it disagrees with the manufacturer’s determination, review this determination to evaluate the regulatory status of the modified product at any time and may require the manufacturer to cease marketing and recall the modified device until a new 510(k) clearance or PMA approval is obtained.

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The manufacturer may also be subject to significant regulatory fines or penalties for marketing a modified device without the requisite pre-marketing authorization.

Postmarket Requirements

After a device is cleared or approved for commercial distribution, numerous federal and state regulatory requirements apply. These include product listing and establishment registration requirements, which help facilitate FDA inspections and other regulatory actions, and our manufacturing sites are subject to periodic inspection by the FDA for compliance with the FDA’s Quality Management System Regulations, which cover the procedures and documentation of the design, testing, production, control, quality assurance, labeling, packaging, sterilization, storage and shipping of medical devices; the Medical Device Reporting regulation, which requires that manufacturers report to the FDA if their device may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury or malfunctioned in a way that would likely cause or contribute to a death or serious injury if the malfunction were to recur; and the Reports of Corrections and Removals regulation, which requires manufacturers to report recalls and field corrective actions to the FDA if initiated to reduce a risk to health posed by the device or to remedy a violation of the FDCA. Postmarket requirements are also followed globally where our products are registered and approved. These foreign jurisdictions have similar requirements to the FDA, including product registration, reporting of adverse events or serious incidents, trend reporting and reporting of withdrawals, recalls, and other corrective measures.

In addition, labeling and promotional activities are subject to scrutiny by the FDA and, in certain circumstances, by the Federal Trade Commission. Medical devices that are approved or cleared by the FDA may not be promoted for unapproved or uncleared uses, otherwise known as “off-label” promotion. The FDA and other agencies actively enforce the laws and regulations prohibiting the promotion of off-label uses, and a company that is found to have improperly promoted off-label uses may be subject to significant liability, including substantial monetary penalties and criminal prosecution.

If the FDA believes that a company is not in compliance with applicable regulations, it may issue a warning letter or untitled letter, institute proceedings to detain or seize products, issue a recall or market withdrawal order, impose operating restrictions including total or partial suspension of production or distribution, enjoin future violations, assess civil penalties against the company, its officers or its employees and may recommend criminal prosecution to the U.S. Department of Justice. The majority of Integra manufacturing facilities participate in the Medical Device Single Audit Program and are audited annually for compliance with the Quality System for U.S. FDA, Canada, Australia, Brazil, and Japan.

Moreover, after clearance or approval is given, if the product is shown to be hazardous or defective, the FDA and foreign regulatory agencies have the power to withdraw the clearance or approval, as the case may be, or require us to change the device, its manufacturing process or its labeling, to supply additional proof of the device’s safety and effectiveness or to recall, repair, replace or refund the cost of the medical device. Because we currently export medical devices manufactured in the U.S. that have not been approved by the FDA for distribution in the U.S., we are required to obtain approval/registration in the country to which we are exporting and maintain certain records relating to exports and make these available to the FDA for inspection, if required.

Human Cells, Tissues and Cellular and Tissue-Based Products

Integra, through its wholly-owned subsidiary BioD LLC (“BioD”), is involved with the recovery, processing, storage, transportation and distribution of donated amniotic tissue. The FDA has specific regulations governing HCT/Ps. An HCT/P is a product containing, or consisting of, human cells or tissue intended for transplantation into a human patient. Examples of HCT/Ps include bone, ligament, skin and cornea.

Some HCT/Ps fall within the definition of a biological product, medical device or drug regulated under the FDCA. These biologic, device or drug HCT/Ps must comply both with the requirements exclusively applicable to HCT/Ps and, in addition, with requirements applicable to biologics, devices or drugs, including premarket clearance or approval from the FDA.

Section 361 of the Public Health Service Act (“Section 361”) authorizes the FDA to issue regulations to prevent the introduction, transmission or spread of communicable disease. HCT/Ps regulated as “361” HCT/Ps are subject to requirements relating to registering facilities and listing products with the FDA, screening and testing for tissue donor eligibility, and Good Tissue Practices when processing, storing, labeling, and distributing HCT/Ps, including required labeling information, stringent record keeping, and adverse event reporting.

The American Association of Tissue Banks (“AATB”) has issued operating standards for tissue banking. Compliance with these standards is a requirement in order to become an AATB-accredited tissue establishment. In addition, some states have their own tissue banking regulations. We are licensed or have permits for tissue banking in California, Delaware, Illinois, Maryland, New York, Oregon, and Tennessee. In Tennessee, we are registered with the FDA Center for Biological Evaluations and Research.

Procurement of certain human organs and tissue for transplantation is subject to the restrictions of the National Organ Transplant Act, which prohibits the transfer of certain human organs, including skin and related tissue for valuable

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consideration, but permits the reasonable payment associated with the removal, transportation, implantation, processing, preservation, quality control and storage of human tissue and skin. BioD is a registered Tissue Bank and is involved with the recovery, storage and transportation of donated human amniotic tissue.

Regulations Outside of the U.S.

Medical device regulations also are in effect in many of the countries in which we do business outside the U.S. These regulations may vary substantially from country to country. To market our products in most countries, we must obtain regulatory approvals or certifications and comply with extensive safety and quality regulations in those countries. The time required to obtain approval or certification to market our products in a foreign country may be longer or shorter than that required for FDA clearance or approval, and the requirements may differ.

In the European Economic Area (“EEA”), which is comprised of the 27 Member States of the European Union (the “EU”) plus Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein, medical devices need to comply with specific requirements. Medical device manufacturers are required to affix the CE mark (i.e., a mandatory conformity marking for certain products sold within the EEA) to their medical devices, often after the intervention of a Notified Body and the issuing of a CE Certificate of Conformity.

Regulation 2017/745 on medical devices (the “EU MDR”) sets out the basic regulatory framework currently applicable to medical devices in the EEA. The EU MDR became applicable on May 26, 2021, repealing the prior Council Directive 93/42/EEC (the “EU MDD”), which had been regulating medical devices in the EEA for more than 20 years. This represented a major change in the regulatory landscape of medical devices in the EEA. The EU MDR sets out certain transitional provisions that allow for medical devices covered by the repealed EU MDD (called “legacy devices”) to still be marketed in the EEA for a certain period of time. Currently, manufacturers can place on the EEA market legacy devices until maximum December 31, 2027 or December 31, 2028, depending on the type of device and subject to meeting certain conditions.

The requirements set forth in the EU MDR are generally consistent with those laid out in the EU MDD, but in many topics there are additional or stricter requirements. Although we continue to transition our certification profile to meet the new EU MDR requirements, these stricter regulations set forth in the EU MDR may pose additional challenges for Integra to continue marketing products in the EEA. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors - We are subject to stringent domestic and foreign medical device regulations and oversight and any adverse action may adversely affect our ability to compete in the marketplace and our financial condition and business operations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

In the EEA, medical devices are currently required to comply with the General Safety and Performance Requirements (or “GSPR”) in Annex I of the EU MDR (for legacy devices, this corresponds to the Essential Requirements of Annex I of the EU MDD). Compliance with GSPR is a prerequisite to be able to affix the CE mark to medical devices, without which they cannot be commercialized in the EEA. To demonstrate compliance with the GSPR and obtain the right to affix the CE mark, a manufacturer must undergo a conformity assessment procedure, which varies according to the type of medical device and its classification. In the EEA medical devices are classified into four different risk classes: Class I (which is further divided into (i) devices that are placed on the market in sterile condition, (ii) have a measuring function, (iii) are reusable surgical instruments, and (iv) all others), IIa, IIb and III. Apart from low risk medical devices (Class I if they have no measuring function, are not sterile, and are not reusable surgical instruments), where the manufacturer can issue an EU Declaration of Conformity based on a self-assessment of the conformity of the devices with the GSPR, a conformity assessment procedure requires the intervention of a Notified Body, which is an organization accredited by the competent authority of an EEA country to conduct conformity assessments. The Notified Body typically audits and examines the products’ technical documentation and the quality management system for the manufacture, design and final inspection of the medical devices before issuing a CE Certificate of Conformity. After receiving the CE Certificate of Conformity from the Notified Body upon successful completion of the conformity assessment, the manufacturer can draw up an EU Declaration of Conformity which allows it to affix the CE mark to the products.

Besides its involvement in the initial conformity assessment procedure, the Notified Body is required to carry out an annual audit (surveillance audit) and is also required to randomly perform unannounced audits at least once every five years. The quality management system and technical documentation of manufacturers will be required to be recertified periodically, as CE Certificates of Conformity issued by a Notified Body remain valid only for the period indicated in them, in no case exceeding five years. The EU MDR also provides various requirements relating to post-market surveillance and vigilance, including the obligation for manufacturers to implement a post-market surveillance system. Once a device is on the EEA market, manufacturers must comply with certain vigilance requirements, such as reporting serious incidents and field safety corrective actions (even those occurring outside the EEA) to the relevant competent authorities.

On December 16, 2025, the European Commission published a proposal to amend the EU MDR to simplify the regulation and address various concerns, including those related to notified body capacity constraints, certification timelines, regulatory burden and device availability. If adopted, the proposed revisions could impact, amongst others, certification timelines, recertification (the maximum period of validity of certificates, currently 5 years, is proposed to be removed), certification activities (for example, a reduced involvement of notified bodies in the conformity assessment of class IIa and IIb devices is proposed, as well

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as the possibility to replace on-site audits by remote audits) and post-market surveillance requirements (the proposal provides the possibility to conduct surveillance audits only every two years, and unannounced audits only ‘for-cause’). The scope and timing for potential adoption of this revision is still unknown. The ultimate effect of any EU MDR amendments on our business will depend on the shape of the adopted revised legislation and corresponding application timelines.

The EU MDD, EU MDR, ISO 9000 series and ISO 13485 are recognized international quality standards that are designed to ensure that we develop and manufacture quality medical devices. A Notified Body audits our facilities annually to verify our compliance with the ISO 13485 Quality System standard. Other countries are also instituting regulations regarding medical devices or interpreting and enforcing existing regulations more strictly. Compliance with these regulations requires extensive documentation and clinical reports for our products, revisions to labeling, and other requirements such as facility inspections to comply with the registration requirements.

Certain countries, including those in the EEA, have issued regulations that govern products that contain materials derived from animal sources. Regulatory authorities are particularly concerned with materials infected with the agent that causes BSE. These regulations affect our dermal regeneration products, duraplasty products, hernia repair products, biomaterial products for the spine, nerve and tendon repair products and certain other products, all of which contain material derived from bovine tissue. Although we take great care to ensure that our products are safe and free of agents that can cause disease, products that contain materials derived from animals, including our products, may become subject to additional regulation, or even be banned in certain countries, because of concern over the potential for prior transmission. Significant new regulations, a ban of our products, or a movement away from bovine-derived products because of an outbreak of BSE could have a material, adverse effect on our current business or our ability to expand our business. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to our Regulatory Environment” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Regarding HCT/Ps and as happens in the U.S., these products can have various regulatory qualifications (medical devices, medicinal products or blood/tissues/cells products). The donation, collection, procurement, testing, processing, preservation, storage, import, export and distribution in the EEA of human blood, tissues and cells is currently mainly regulated by Directive 2002/98/EC (the “Blood Directive”), Directive 2004/23/EC (the “Tissues and Cells Directive”) and the implementing acts adopted by each EEA country. This legislation also partially applies to manufactured products derived from human blood, tissues and cells. In July 2024, Regulation (EU) 2024/1938 on standards of quality and safety for substances of human origin intended for human application (the “SoHO Regulation”) was published. This new Regulation will apply from August 7, 2027 and replace the Blood Directive and the Tissues and Cells Directive, changing the regulatory framework for the use of these substances in the EEA.

Regulations Governing Reimbursement

Market acceptance of our medical products in the U.S. and other countries is dependent upon the purchasing and procurement practices of our customers and patient need for our products and procedures and, the coverage and reimbursement of patients’ medical expenses by government healthcare programs, private insurers or other healthcare payors. The delivery of our devices is subject to regulation by the HHS and comparable state and non-U.S. agencies responsible for reimbursement and regulation of healthcare items and services. Healthcare providers that purchase medical devices generally rely on third-party payors, including, in the U.S., the Medicare and Medicaid programs and private payors, such as indemnity insurers, employer group health insurance programs and managed care plans, to reimburse all or part of the cost of the products. As a result, demand for our products is and will continue to be dependent in part on the coverage and reimbursement policies of these payors. The manner in which reimbursement is sought and obtained varies based upon the type of payor involved and the setting in which the product is furnished and utilized. Government payors, such as Medicare and national health systems of EU countries, are increasingly seeking additional clinical evidence beyond the data required to obtain marketing clearance, before covering our products for their patients. For example, in the EU, the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Regulation (EU) 2021/2282 which began to apply from January 12, 2025 (subject to phased implementation), provides for the use of common HTA tools, methodologies, and procedures across the EU for certain categories of health technologies, including certain medical devices, and sets the basis for enhanced cooperation at the EU level for joint clinical assessments. Reimbursement from Medicare, Medicaid and other third-party payors may be subject to periodic adjustments as a result of legislative, regulatory and policy changes, as well as budgetary pressures. For instance, in the 2026 Medicare physician, hospital outpatient, and ambulatory surgical center payment system final rules, Medicare revised its payment methodology for most sheet skin substitute products to a single per square centimeter payment rate regardless of product and settings, which may significantly alter Medicare payment for such products in these settings. Possible reductions in, or eliminations of, coverage or reimbursement by third-party payors, or denial of, or provision of uneconomical reimbursement for new products may affect our customers' revenue and ability to purchase our products. Any changes in the healthcare regulatory, payment or enforcement landscape relative to our customers’ healthcare services have the potential to significantly affect our operations and revenue.

Implementation of legislative or regulatory reforms to reimbursement systems, including price regulation, reference pricing systems, competitive bidding and tendering, coverage and payment policies, comparative effectiveness of therapies, health technology assessments and managed-care arrangements, or adverse decisions relating to our products by administrators of these systems in coverage or reimbursement, could significantly reduce reimbursement or result in the denial of coverage,

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which could have an impact on the acceptance of and demand for our products and the prices that our customers are willing to pay for them.

Healthcare Reform

A primary trend in the U.S. healthcare industry and elsewhere is cost containment. For example, the Affordable Care Act (“ACA”), went into effect in 2010, and, among other things, includes changes to the coverage and payment for products under government health care programs. In the United States, there have been, and we expect there to continue to be, a number of legislative and regulatory initiatives, at both the federal and state government levels, to change the healthcare system in ways that, if approved, could affect our ability to sell our products profitably. Among policy makers and payors in the United States and elsewhere, there is significant interest in promoting changes in healthcare systems with the stated goals of containing healthcare costs, improving quality and/or expanding access. Current and future legislative proposals to further reform healthcare or reduce healthcare costs may limit coverage of or lower reimbursement for the procedures associated with the use of our products. The cost containment measures that payors and providers are instituting and the effect of any healthcare reform initiative implemented in the future could impact our revenue from the sale of our products.

Other legislative changes have been proposed and adopted in the United States since the ACA was enacted. For example, in August 2011, the Budget Control Act of 2011, among other things, created measures for spending reductions by Congress. When Congress was unable to reach required deficit reduction, it triggered the legislation’s automatic reduction to several government programs. This included aggregate reductions of Medicare payments to providers currently at 2% per fiscal year and, due to subsequent legislative amendments, will remain in effect through 2033.

On July 4, 2025, the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act,” or OBBBA, was signed into law. The OBBBA is projected to decrease federal health care spending by approximately $1 trillion by reducing Medicaid spending and enrollment and making changes to federal Medicare spending. The law also made changes to ACA marketplace enrollment that are projected to decrease the number of individuals with marketplace coverage. It is unclear if these changes will impact demand for our products.

Some of the provisions of the ACA and related laws have been, and may continue to be, subject to judicial and Congressional challenges, and to modifications in their interpretation or implementation. We plan to monitor health care legislation and the impact these changes, if enacted, may have on our business.

There has also been heightened governmental scrutiny over the manner in which manufacturers set prices for their marketed products, which has resulted in several recent Congressional inquiries and proposed bills designed to, among other things, bring more transparency to product pricing and review the relationship between pricing and manufacturer programs. Individual states in the U.S. have also become increasingly active in enacting legislation and implementing regulations designed to control product pricing. We expect that additional foreign, federal and state healthcare reform measures will be adopted in the future, any of which could limit the amounts that federal and state governments will pay for healthcare products and services, which could result in limited coverage and reimbursement and reduced demand for our products.

There have been, and likely will continue to be, legislative and regulatory proposals at the national level in the U.S. and other jurisdictions globally, as well as at some regional, state and/or local levels within the U.S. or other jurisdictions, directed at broadening the availability of healthcare and containing or lowering the cost of healthcare. Such reforms could have an adverse effect on anticipated revenues from product that we may successfully develop and for which we may obtain marketing approval and may affect our overall financial condition and ability to develop product.

Other regulations

Healthcare Fraud and Abuse Laws. In the U.S., we are subject to laws and regulations pertaining to healthcare fraud and abuse, including anti-kickback laws, false claims, and other health care fraud laws that regulate, among other things, the means by which companies in the health care industry may sell and market their products to hospitals and health care professionals and regulate the arrangements and engagements with customers. We are also subject to other federal and state laws that constrain the way we can market and sell our products, or require reporting of certain transfers of value to health care professionals. Some of the laws and regulations we are subject to include:

•The U.S. federal Anti-Kickback Statute (the “AKS”), which prohibits, among other things, persons or entities from knowingly and willfully soliciting, offering, receiving or paying any remuneration, directly or indirectly, overtly or covertly, in cash or in kind, in exchange for or to induce either the referral of an individual for the furnishing or arranging for a good or service, or for the purchasing, leasing, ordering, or arranging for or recommending any good, facility, service or item for which payment may be made in whole or in part under federal healthcare programs, such as the Medicare and Medicaid programs. The term “remuneration” expressly includes kickbacks and bribes, and also has been broadly interpreted to include anything of value, including, for example, gifts, discounts, the furnishing of supplies or equipment, credit arrangements, payments of cash, waivers of payments, ownership interests and providing anything at less than its fair market value. The AKS is broad and prohibits many arrangements and practices that are lawful in businesses outside of the healthcare industry. There are a number of statutory exceptions and regulatory safe

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harbors that may protect certain business arrangements from prosecution if strictly complied with; however, those exceptions and safe harbors are drawn narrowly. There are also no available exceptions or safe harbors for many common business activities. Practices that involve remuneration to those who prescribe, purchase, recommend or arrange for the purchase, order or recommendation of medical devices, including discounts, providing items or services for free or engaging such individuals as consultants, advisors, or speakers, may be subject to scrutiny if they do not fit squarely within an available exception or safe harbor and would be subject to a facts and circumstances analysis to determine compliance with the AKS. A violation of the AKS can be established without proving that the person or entity had actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent to violate it. A claim that includes items or services resulting from an AKS violation constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the federal civil False Claims Act (the “False Claims Act”).

•The False Claims Act, which prohibits, among other things, persons, or entities from knowingly presenting or causing to be presented a false or fraudulent claim for payment of government funds or knowingly presenting or causing to be presented a false record or statement material to an obligation to pay money to the government or knowingly and improperly avoiding, decreasing, or concealing an obligation to pay money to the federal government. Medical device manufacturers have been investigated and have reached substantial financial settlements with the federal government under the False Claims Act for a variety of alleged improper activities, including causing false claims to be submitted as a result of the marketing of their products including for unapproved and thus non-reimbursable uses and interactions with prescribers and other customers, including those that may have affected their billing or coding practices and submission of claims to the federal government. Actions under the False Claims Act can be brought by qui tam relators, or whistleblowers, on behalf of themselves and the government, and those relators can share in any settlement or resolution.

•The Health Insurance and Portability Act of 1996, and its implementing regulations (collectively, “HIPAA”), which imposes criminal and civil liability for, among other things, knowingly and willfully executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program, or knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or making any materially false statement, in connection with the delivery of, or payment for healthcare benefits, items or services by a healthcare benefit program, which includes both government and privately funded benefits programs. Similar to the U.S. federal Anti-Kickback Statute, a person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent to violate it in order to have committed a violation.

•Analogous state and foreign law equivalents of each of the above U.S. federal laws, such as anti-kickback and false claims laws that apply to items or services reimbursed by any third-party payor, including commercial insurers.

•State and foreign laws that require medical device companies to comply with the industry’s voluntary compliance guidelines and the applicable compliance guidance promulgated by the federal government or otherwise restrict payments (or require reporting transfers of value) that may be made to healthcare providers and other potential referral sources.

•The federal Physician Payments Sunshine Act, implemented as the Open Payments program, and its implementing regulations, requires certain manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologics and medical supplies that are reimbursable (directly or indirectly) under Medicare, Medicaid, or the Children’s Health Insurance Program to report annually to the CMS information related to certain payments or others transfers of value made in the preceding calendar year to physicians, other health care professionals, such as physician assistants and nurse practitioners, and teaching hospitals, as well as ownership and investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members. Certain foreign countries, including the EEA, have similar requirements for the reporting of transfers of value to healthcare professionals.

Anti-bribery laws exist in many of the countries in which we sell our products outside the U.S., as well as the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”) which addresses the activities of U.S. companies in foreign markets. Violations of these laws are punishable by criminal and civil sanctions, including, but not limited to, civil and criminal penalties, up to treble damages, fines, restitution and exclusion from participation in federal and state healthcare programs, including Medicare and Medicaid. Our products also are subject to regulation regarding reimbursement, and U.S. healthcare laws apply when a customer submits a claim for a product that is reimbursed under a federally funded healthcare program. These global laws require that we exercise care in designing our sales and marketing practices, including interactions with healthcare professionals, and customer discount arrangements. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors – We are exposed to a variety of risks relating to our international sales and operations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details.

Import-export. Our international operations subject us to laws regarding sanctioned countries, entities and persons, customs, and import-export. Among other things, these laws restrict, and in some cases can prevent, U.S. companies from directly or indirectly selling goods, technology or services to people or entities in certain countries. These laws also require that we exercise care in our business dealings with entities in and from foreign countries. In addition to our need to comply with such regulations in connection with our direct activities, we also sell and provide goods, technology and services to agents, representatives and distributors who may export such items to customers and end-users. If we, or the third parties through which we do business, are not in compliance with applicable import, export control or economic sanctions laws and regulations,

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we may be subject to civil or criminal enforcement action, and varying degrees of liability. Such actions may disrupt or delay sales of our products or services or result in restrictions on our distribution and sales of products or services that may materially impact our business.

Environmental Health and Safety. Our research, development and manufacturing processes involve the controlled use of certain hazardous materials. We are subject to country-specific, federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of these materials and certain waste products. We believe that our environmental, health and safety procedures for handling and disposing of these materials comply with the standards prescribed by the controlling laws and regulations. However, risk of accidental releases or injury from these materials is possible. These risks are managed to minimize or eliminate associated business impacts. In the event of this type of accident, we could be held liable for damages and face a liability that could exceed our resources. We could be subject to a regulatory shutdown of a facility that could prevent the distribution and sale of products manufactured there for a significant period of time, and we could suffer a casualty loss that could require a shutdown of the facility in order to repair it, any of which could have a material, adverse effect on our business. Although we continuously strive to maintain full compliance with respect to all applicable global environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, we could incur substantial costs to fully comply with future laws and regulations, and our operations, business or assets may be negatively affected. Furthermore, global environmental, health and safety compliance is an ongoing process. We have compliance procedures in place for compliance with Employee Health & Safety laws, driven by a centrally led organizational structure that ensures proper implementation, which is essential to our overall business objectives.

In addition, we are subject to numerous federal, state, foreign and local laws relating to safe working conditions, environmental protection and fire hazard control, among others. We may be required to incur significant costs to comply with these laws and regulations in the future and complying with these laws may result in a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Data Privacy and Cybersecurity Laws and Regulations. As a business with a significant global footprint, compliance with evolving regulations and standards in data privacy and cybersecurity (relating to the confidentiality and security of our information technology systems, products such as medical devices, and other services provided by us) may result in increased costs, lower revenue, new complexities in compliance, new challenges for competition, and the threat of increased regulatory enforcement activity. Our business relies on the secure electronic transmission, storage and hosting of sensitive information, including personal information, financial information, intellectual property, and other sensitive information related to our customers and workforce.

In the U.S., the collection, maintenance, protection, use, transmission, disclosure and disposal of certain personal information and the security of medical devices are regulated at the U.S. federal, state, and industry levels. U.S. federal and state laws govern the confidentiality of certain patient health information, including patient medical records, and restrict the use and disclosure of patient health information by health care providers and other persons or entities that create, receive, maintain, or transmit health information. For example, in the U.S., depending on the facts and circumstances, we could be subject to the requirements of HIPAA. HIPAA imposes privacy and security obligations on covered entity health care providers, health plans, and health care clearinghouses, as well as their “business associates” – certain persons or entities that create, receive, maintain, or transmit protected health information in connection with providing a specified service or performing a function on behalf of a covered entity. HIPAA also regulates standardization of data content, codes and formats used in health care transactions and standardization of identifiers for health plans and providers. Penalties for violations of HIPAA include significant civil and criminal penalties for each violation. In addition, the FDA has issued guidance advising manufacturers to take cybersecurity risks into account in product design for connected medical devices and systems, to assure that appropriate safeguards are in place to reduce the risk of unauthorized access or modification to medical devices that contain software and reduce the risk of introducing threats into healthcare systems that are connected to such devices. The FDA also issued guidance on post market management of cyber security in medical devices.

The Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) also sets expectations for taking appropriate steps to safeguard consumers’ personal information, and providing a level of privacy or security commensurate to promises made to individuals. Pursuant to Section 5 of the FTC Act, which governs unfair and deceptive trade practices, the FTC expects a company’s data privacy and security measures to be reasonable and appropriate in light of the sensitivity and volume of consumer information it holds, the size and complexity of its business, and the cost of available tools to improve security and reduce vulnerabilities. Failure to meet these standards may constitute unfair or deceptive acts or practices in violation of the FTC Act. The FTC also has the power to enforce the Health Breach Notification Rule, which imposes notification obligations on companies for breaches of certain health information contained in personal health records. Enforcement by the FTC under the FTC Act and Health Breach Notification Rule can result in civil penalties or enforcement actions.

At the state level, the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”)establishes certain requirements for processing personal data, including obligations related to transparency and the collection, use, retention, and disclosure of personal data, and provides California consumers (as defined in the law) certain rights. Such rights include rights to access, correct, and delete personal

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information, opt out of certain personal information sharing, and receive detailed information about how personal information is used. The CCPA provides for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for data breaches—involving certain types of personal information—that is expected to increase data breach litigation. The CCPA may increase our compliance costs and potential liability. Nearly two dozen other states have enacted privacy laws similar to the CCPA, and some states, like Washington and Nevada, have enacted health privacy specific-specific consumer laws that grant heightened rights with respect to health information. Moreover, as a result of the broad scale release and availability of Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) technologies such as generative AI, there is a global trend towards more regulation (e.g., the EU AI Act and AI laws passed in U.S. states) designed to ensure the ethical use, privacy, and security of AI and the data that it processes. Compliance with such laws will likely be an increasing and substantial cost in the future.

Outside the U.S., we are impacted by the privacy and data security requirements at the international, national and regional level, and on an industry specific basis. Legal requirements in these countries relating to the collection, use, retention, disclosure, and international transfer of personal data and, potentially, intellectual property continue to evolve with increasingly strict enforcement regimes. In Europe, for example, we are subject to the EU General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR) and the UK General Data Protection Regulation (UK GDPR) which impose restrictions on the collection, use and transfer of personal data and includes, among other things, a requirement for prompt notice of data breaches to data subjects and supervisory authorities in certain circumstances and significant fines for non-compliance, which can go up to €20 million/ GBP 17.5 million or up to 4% of the total worldwide annual turnover of the preceding financial year, whichever is higher. The EU and UK GDPR also confer the right for data subjects to lodge complaints with supervisory authorities, seek judicial remedies and obtain compensation for damages resulting from violations of the GDPR. The EU and UK GDPR also requires companies processing personal data (including health data from clinical trials) of individuals residing in the EU or UK to comply with local privacy and data protection rules. The EUK and UK GDPR governs the lawfulness of processing personal data (including obtaining valid consent of the individuals to whom the personal data relates, where applicable), the disclosure of processing details to individuals, the adequacy, relevance and necessity of the personal data collected, the retention of personal data, the sharing of personal data with third parties, the transfer of personal data out of the European Economic Area/UK to third countries including the U.S., contracting requirements (such as with clinical trial sites and vendors), the use of personal data in accordance with individual rights, the security of personal data and security breach/incident notifications. Data protection authorities from the different European Member States and the UK may interpret the GDPR and applicable related national laws differently and impose requirements additional to those provided in the GDPR that sit alongside the GDPR, as set out under applicable local data protection law. In addition, guidance on implementation and compliance practices may be issued, updated or otherwise revised. Enforcement by European and UK regulators is generally active, and failure to comply with the GDPR or applicable Member State/UK local law may result in fines or other penalties. Further, the EU or UK Government may amend or update data protection law, which may result in changes to our business operations and potentially incur commercial cost.

In particular, when we rely on third-party service providers processing personal data of subjects in the EU or UK, we must enter into suitable agreements with these providers and receive sufficient assurances that the providers meet the requirements of the EU and UK GDPR. The obligations under the EU and UK GDPR may therefore be onerous and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Please refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors – Failure to comply with laws relating to the confidentiality of sensitive personal information or standards related to the transmission of electronic health data, may require us to make significant changes to our products, or incur penalties or other liabilities” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional discussion of the risks accompanying compliance with data privacy and cybersecurity laws and regulations.

These laws and regulations impact the ways in which we use and manage personal data, protected health information, and our information technology systems. They also impact our ability to move, store, and access data across geographic boundaries. Compliance with these requirements may require changes in business practices, complicate our operations, and add complexity and additional management and oversight needs. They also may complicate our clinical research activities, as well as product offerings that involve transmission or use of clinical data.

HUMAN CAPITAL

Our people are our greatest asset and we view human capital management and the strength of our employees as integral to the long-term success of our business. We understand that we rely on our employees worldwide to propel our organization forward with great innovations, strong leadership and a focus on execution excellence.

In seeking to sustain a culture of excellence and accountability, we focus on employee empowerment, professional development and building an environment where all employees can contribute to their fullest potential. These efforts have been recognized through our inclusion in several best workplace lists globally in 2025 and 2024. We continue to advance our broader organizational sustainability initiatives, and published our annual environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) report in the third quarter of 2025. For more information on our ESG strategy, goals, performance, and achievements, please visit “Our

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Company—ESG Report” at https://www.integralife.com/esg-report. Information on our website is not incorporated by reference herein and is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

WORKFORCE DEMOGRAPHICS

As of  December 31, 2025, we had 4,427 regular full and part time employees.

69.6% of our employees are located in the United States, 20.6% in Europe, 4.9% in Asia Pacific, 3.6% in China and 1.3% in Latin America and Canada.

BUILDING A STRONG WORKFORCE

A talented and engaged workforce is a business priority and a key to our long-term success. We believe our company is stronger when we leverage broad perspectives to meet the needs of our shareholders, customers, colleagues and the communities we serve. Our commitment to workforce development starts at the top with our Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer. At all levels of the Company, we focus on attracting, retaining, and developing talent that drives innovation and results. Through various Business Resource Groups (“BRGs”), leadership councils and external partnerships, we provide opportunities for colleagues to contribute to our culture, develop professionally and provide feedback to our executive team. As of December 31, 2025 there are eight (8) Integra-sponsored BRGs, employee-led groups, which provide career development, leadership opportunities and networking connections across the organization.

COMPENSATION BENEFIT

Our compensation philosophy is designed to reinforce and align with our mission, business strategy, and financial needs. We invest in the physical, emotional and financial well-being of our employees through our compensation and benefit programs. We provide market-competitive compensation and benefits based on benchmarking surveys we conduct regularly for all position levels against relevant peer companies. Our annual and long-term incentive packages are linked directly to business and individual performance, with a balance of short- and long-term financial and strategic objectives. We have an employee stock purchase plan. Eligibility for non-salary benefits such as salary continuance, life insurance, health insurance, and similar benefits, follows local regulations and practices.

We are a pay-for-performance company committed to fair pay. All compensation decisions are made without regard to personal characteristics such as, but not limited to, gender, race, color, national or ethnic origin, age, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, genetic information, religion, or veteran status. As part of our commitment to compensation equity, Integra regularly conducts a pay equity analysis, reviewing how our organization compensates employees against external and internal data in conjunction with the role and scope of each position and making adjustments if necessary.

TALENT DEVELOPMENT AND RETENTION

We have comprehensive and effective human capital development programs in place because we believe that the personal success of our employees is critical to the overall success of our business. To build a diverse and talented organization, we have invested in honing our recruiting and hiring processes to attract top talent and engage new hires from the very beginning of their experience at Integra.

We offer a variety of opportunities for our employees to learn and grow. Continued learning and development is a critical component of employee job satisfaction, retention, and career advancement—and ultimately, a driver of business success. We encourage and promote experiential, collaborative, and formal learning programs. Employees are also encouraged to discuss with their managers the skills, training, and experience needed to grow and develop. In addition to several skills-based trainings available (technical, sales, leadership ability) to all employees, managers may recommend external job-specific development programs to employees. These programs are paid for directly by Integra.

EMPLOYEE HEALTH AND SAFETY

We are committed to providing a safe environment for all employees and visitors. This commitment is supported by our environmental, health, and safety management systems, alongside entrusting managers to oversee and ensure compliance with local laws and safety standards at their respective sites to foster a safe workplace culture. We implement our approach globally by our systems and support at regional and country levels from colleagues that implement proper safety protocols, identify and correct hazards, and remain safety conscious at all times. Our Environmental Health and Safety (“EH&S”) organizational structure incorporates both workplace EH&S coordinators and compliance teams. We have developed an Incident Procedure Policy and General Safety Rules that guide our colleagues to improve our workplace environment, improve safety, and reduce risk and costs.

EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND WELLBEING

We regularly seek employee feedback and sentiment about our workplace through global engagement pulse surveys conducted on at least an annual basis. After each survey is complete, we share detailed results with senior management and all employees

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within each department. We are incorporating employee survey results into our corporate strategies – across company, division and function levels – and have further used this employee feedback to modify corporate programs and initiatives. We believe this process enables us to monitor employee engagement and create a continuously improving, satisfying work environment for our employees.

We are committed to improving the quality of life of our employees and their families. Our health and wellbeing programs differ by country and typical benefits include comprehensive health insurance, disability coverage, workplace accommodations, parental leave and other leaves of absence based on health or life events, employee assistance programs, fitness reimbursement, and flu shots fully covered by the company. We also provide on-demand health advocates to help employees navigate the health insurance system, access to digital health solutions, a weight management program, smoking cessation assistance, a substance use disorder helpline, a diabetes health program and other similar programs to drive healthy behaviors and awareness.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION ABOUT GEOGRAPHIC AREAS

Financial information about our geographical areas is set forth in our financial statements Note 16. Segment and Geographic Information, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K).

CORPORATE HISTORY AND AVAILABLE INFORMATION

Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corporation was founded in 1989. Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol “IART.”

We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act of 1934. In accordance with the Exchange Act, we file annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission, (the “SEC”). Our financial information may be viewed, including the information contained in this report, and other reports we file with the SEC, on the Internet, without charge as soon as reasonably practicable after we file them with the SEC, in the “SEC Filings” page of the Investor Relations section of our website at investor.integralife.com. A copy may also be obtained for any of these reports, without charge, from our Investor Relations department, 1100 Campus Road, Princeton, NJ 08540. Alternatively, reports filed may be viewed or obtained through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Investors and others should note that we announce material financial information to our investors using our investor relations website (investor.integralife.com), SEC filings, press releases, public conference calls and webcasts. We use these channels as well as social media to communicate with the public about our Company, our services and other issues. It is possible that the information we post on social media could be deemed to be material information. Therefore, we encourage investors, the media, and others interested in our Company to review the information we post on the social media channels listed on our investor relations website. We have used, and intend to continue to use, our investor relations website as means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. Additional corporate governance information, including our certificate of incorporation, bylaws, corporate governance guidelines, board committee charters, and global code of conduct, is also available on our investor relations website under the heading “Corporate Governance.” The contents of our websites are not intended to be incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K or in any other report or document we file with the SEC, and any references to our website are intended to be inactive textual references only.